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HOUSE & GARDEN 





INDEX FOR VOLUME XXVIII 

July, 1915, to December, 1915, inclusive 

(The References are to month and page respectively.) 




Ar/nitects : 

TO, Lewis Colt, Dec. 16 

Allen X- Collins, Oct. 26 

Baum, Ihvight J., Nov. 33 

Dana & Murphy, Dec. 20 

Davis, McGrath & Kiessling, Dec. 46 

De Armond, Ashmead & Bickley, Nov. 18 

Ellis, A. Raymond, Oct. 38 

Embury II, Aymar, Oct. 39 

Hiss & Weekes, Nov. 41 

Lowell, Guy, Oct. 32 

MacClure & Sphar, Oct. 16 
Mann & MacNeille,, Sept. 38 
Murphy & Dana, Dec. 20 
Rocker, P. J., Aug. 38 
Schermerhorn, C. E., Nov. 32 
Semsch, O. F., July 38 

(Landscape) : 

DeForest, Ailing S., Sept. 19 
Lowrie, Charles N., Dec. 34 
Pray, Hubbard & White, July 28 

Authors: 

Ames, Joseph, July 32 
Andrews, Mary R. Shipman, Dec. 9 
Anthony, John, Sept. 35 
Aschermann, G. G., Dec. 15 
Aymar, M. C., July 34 
Bakev, Cecil F., Oct. 35 
Bastin, S. Leonard, Aug. 29 
Bowen, Helen, Aug. 32 
Brochner, Georg, Aug. 35 
Clarkson, Cornelia L., July 18 
De Wolfe, Elsie, Oct. 11 
Dyer, Walter A., July 11 

Eberlein, Harold, July 20, Oct. 40, Nov. 21, 
Dec. 49 

Edson-Kohler, Mira Burr, Aug. 11 

Edson, D. R., July 31, Aug. 25, Sept. 21, 
Oct. 20 

Farrington, E I., July 6, Nov. 45 
oster, ^AgiH-s. J,,l v 15, Oc , -j Xov -^ 

I 

i, C. Bertram. Dec H 

Haynesx Williams, Aug. 18, Sept 15 N ov 
24, Deo. 36 

Herts, B. Russell, Dec. 29 
Jablow, Charles, Sept. 22 
Kilmer, Joyce, Dec. 8 
King, Caroline B., Aug. 30 
Klaber, John J., Oct. 41 

Lemmon, R. S., Aug. 5, Sept. 4, Oct. 6, 

Nov. 4, Dec. 44, 62 
Lounsbery, Elizabeth, Nov. 26 
Lyman, Clara Brown, Oct. 21 




McClure, Abbot, Oct. 40, Dec. 49 

Maercklein, Burdette Crane, Aug. 26 

Marble, Flora Lewis, Nov. 35, Dec. 40 

Mount, May Wilkinson, Oct. 45 

Northend, Mary H., Nov. 31 

Odom, William M., Nov. 11 

Perrett, Antoinette, Aug. 22, Sept. 26 

Powell, William B., Sept. 11 

Rehmarm, Elsa, July 28, Sept. 19, Dec. 34 

Rockwell, F. F., July 23, 42, Aug. 21, 42, 

Sept. 25, 42, Oct. 29, 50, Nov. 38, 50, Dec. 

18, 48 

Roorbach, Eloise, Sept. 28, Oct. 15 
Step, Edward, July 36 
Stone, Fanny Sage, Nov. 29 
Tabor, Grace, Aug. 15 
Teall, Gardner, Oct. 37, Nov. 39, Dec. 38 
Trumbull, E. E.. Sept. 30 
Von Hoffman, F., Nov. 15 
Wakeman, A. Van Hoesen, July 24 
Walker, W. H. P., Nov. 41 
Wylie, Dalton, Sept. 33 
Yardum, Vincent, Oct. 23 

Adventures in an Apple Orchard, Sept. 35 
Allies, Nov. 24 

Apple Orchard, The Balance Sheet of an, 

Sept. 35 

Architectural Detail, A Neglected, Nov. 21 
Arranging Your Flowers, Sept. 2 
Art of Taking Cuttings, The, Aug. 29 
Artist's Home, An, Aug. 22 

Arts and Crafts in the Home of Good Taste, 
Aug. 11 

August Poultry Work, Aug. 6 
Balance Sheet of an Orchard, The, Sept. 35 
Batik Hangings, Dec. 14 
Bedroom, Gifts for the, Dec. 26 
Billiard Room, The Decoration of a, Dec. 49 
Birds, Feed the, Dec. 44 
Black and White Fad, The, Aug. 40 
Bohemia, Our Little Side Path to, Nov. 27 
Boxwood in New Gardens, Old, Aug. 26 
Breakfast Room, Gifts for the, Dec. 22 
Bronzes for the Home, Small, Dec. 13 
Building for Hospitality, Sept. 33 
Bulbs to Plant Now for Holiday Blooming, 
The, Oct. 15 

Cellar, Planning the Efficient, Aug. 32 

Chihuahuas, Dec. 36 

Christmas Gifts for the Home, Dec. 21 

Chrysanthemums, Nov. 20 

Cleaning White Window Shades, Aug. 40 

Collecting Cup-Plates, Nov. 44 



Collectors' Department of Antiques and Cur- 
ios, The, Oct. 37, Nov. 39, Dec. 38 
Collie, The, Sept. 15 

Colonial House Restored in Fabric and Spirit, 
A, Sept. 26 

Conservatories for the Modern House, Oct. 

45 

Conservatory, Stocking a Small, Nov. 38 
Cost of Farming, Counting the, Nov. 35, Dec. 
40 

Counting the Cost of Farming. Nov. 35, Dec 
40 

Country Club for the Small Town, A Good 

Sept. 11 

Crafts and Arts Movement, Aug. 11 
Crop Work in the Fall, Oct. 20 
Cup-Plates, Collecting, Nov. 39 
Cut Flowers, A Garden for, July 18 
Cuttings, The Art of Taking, Aug. 29 
Dampness, How to Dispel, Aug. 40 
Decoration and Structure of Walls, July 20 
Decorations of a Billiard Room, The. Dec. 49 
Decorative Value of Mirrors, Dec. 33 
Dining-Room, Gifts for the, Dec. 22 

Fabrics, Oct. 44 

Distemper and Its Treatment, Sept 4 
Dividing the Garden with Shrubbery, July 28 
Dogs, The Collie, Sept. 15 

Distemper, Sept 4 

French and English Bulls. Nov. 24 

German Police, The, Aug. 18 

Hot Weather Care of the, Aug. 5 

On the Street, The, Dec. 62 

Selecting the Puppy, Oct. 6 

Setters and Pointers, Oct. 18 

Some Things to Think of, Nov. 4 

Toys, Dec. 36 
Dyeing Rags for Rugs, Aug. 40 

Editorial : 

In a Neglected Garden, July 44 
Man in the House, The. Oct. 52 
Pursuit of Collecting, The, Dec. 50 
Thoughts at This Season, Nov. 52 
Tradition of the Farm, The, Aug. 44 

Women and Garden Color Schemes Sept 
44 

Efficiency in the Flower Garden, July 23 Au.a 
21, Sept. 25 

Efficient Cellar, Planning the, Aug. 32 
Egg Production in Winter, Dec. 62 

Embroideries of the Stuart Period, Some 
Rare, Oct. 37 

English Engraved and Inscribed Glasses 
Dec. 38 

Espalier and Pergola, The Picturesque 
Beauty of, Aug. 35 



Fabrics for the Dining-room, Oct. 44 

Fall Planting, Oct. 29 
Work in the Garden, Oct. 18 

Farming, Counting the Cost of, Nov. 35, Dec. 
40 

"Farnsworth," Oct. 32 

Feed the Birds, Dec. 44 

Finish and Care of Old Furniture, The, Oct 
40 

Flower Garden, Efficiency in the, July 23, 
Aug. 21, Sept. 25 

Flowers, Arranging Your, Sept. 2 

Footrests, Nov. 34 

Forestry at Home, Nov. 15 

Formal Garden That Was an Oi chard, The, 
Dec. 34 

French and English Bulls, Nov. 24 

Frieze, The Question of a, Nov. 31 

Fruit for the Home, Growing, Dec. 18 

Further Marks of the Black and White Fad, 
Aug. 40 

Garden, Efficiency in the Flower, July 23, Aug 

21, Sept. 25 

My Moonlight, Aug. 30 
of Individuality, A Pink, Sept. 30 
of Mrs. Robert Dawson Evans, Oct. 26 
Suggestions and Queries, July 42, Aug. 42, 

Sept. 42, Oct. 50, Nov. 50, Dec. 48 
That Was an Orchard, The Formal, Dec. 34 
Your Saturday Afternoon, July 31, Aug. 25, 

Sept. 21 

Gardening of an Impatient Woman, The, July 
34 

Gardens of Old Kingston, July 24 
Gates and Doors, Dec. 8 
Georgian House at Montclair, N. J., Nov. 41 
German Police The Dog of the Hour, The. 
Aug. 18 

Gifts for: 

Bedroom, Dec. 26 

Breakfast Room, Dec. 22 

Dining-room, Dec. 22 

Girl's Room, Dec. 24 

Kitchen, Dec. 26 

Living-room, Dec. 21 

Man's Room, Dec. 28 

Nursery, Dec. 24 

Girl's Room, Gifts for the, Dec. 24 
Glassware for the House, Nov. 44 

Good Country Club for the Small Town A 
Sept. 11 

Greenhouses and Conservatories, Oct. 44 

Guest Houses, Sept. 33 

Hand-Blocked Prints, July 40 

Heating and Ventilating the House, Sept. 22 

Home of : 

Allis, Mrs. Ernest, Dec. 16 

Billings, C. K. G, Oct. 32 

Bonynge, Chas., Dec 47 

Cheney, Wm. C., Oct. 38 

Duffield, Pitts, Sept. 38 

Ellis, R. M., Oct. 39 

Foster, Will, Aug. 22 

Gessell, W. J., July 38 

Harbison, Ralph W., Oct. 16 

Hyde, Louis K., Nov. 28 

Lee, George, July 11 

Mulford. V. S.. Nov. 41 



MA 
HOC 



Shick, F. A., Nov. 32 
Soldan, C. L., Nov. 33 
Stevens, Mrs. E. A., Dec. 43 ' 
Stockhausen, Thos. G., Nov. 18 
Thomas, Harry H., Nov. 33 
Home Forestry, Nov. 15 
Hot Weather Care of the Dog, Aug. 5 
House an Artist Built for Himself, The, Aug. 

22 
at Beechmont Park, New Rochelle, N. Y., 

Aug. 38 

of the Seven Hearths, The, July 32 
Heating and Ventilating the, Sept. 22 
in Summer Neglige, The, July 15 
Housing Experiment in Stuttgart, A, Oct. 41 
Hunting Companions, Your, Oct. 18 
Impatient Woman, The Gardening of an, 

July 34 

Insect Life, Some Marvels of, July 36 
Interior Decorations, Oct. 51, Nov. 51 
Italian House in New England, July 11 
Jewelry of the House, The, Nov. 44 
July Poultry Work, July 6 
Kingston and Its Old Gardens, July 24 
Kitchen, Gifts for the, Dec. 26 
What Every, Needs, Oct. 35 
Lanterns, Porch, Aug. 41 
Last Crop Work Out of Doors, The, Oct. 20 
Lighting the New House and the Old, Oct. 21 
Living-room, Gifts for the, Dec. 21 
Lunch Counters for the Winter Birds, Dec. 44 
Making a Garden for Cut Flowers, July 18 
Man's Room, Gifts for the, Dec. 28 
Marvels of Insect Life, Some, July 36 
Mirrors, Decorative Value of, Dec. 33 
Mixing Periods in Modern Rooms, Nov. 11 
MIoonlight Garden, My, Aug. 30 
My Moonlight Garden, Aug. 30 

Naturalistic Arrangement of a City Property 
Sept. 19 

Neglected Architecural Detail, A, Nov. 21 
New England Italian House, A, July 11 

Furniture and Reproductions of the Old 

Oct. 28 

November Poultry Work, Nov. 6 
Nursery, Gifts for the, Nov. 24 
"Oak Knoll," Nov. 41 
October Planting to Save Six Months, Oct. 29 

Poultry Work, Oct. 2 
Old Boxwood in New Gardens, Aug. 26 
"Old Faithful," Sept. 15 
Orchard, Your Own, Dec. 18 
Oriental Rugs, Oct. 23 
Our Little Side Path to Bohemia, Nov. 29 
Page of the Latest Small Bronzes, A, Dec. 13 
Painted Furniture, The Tradition and Pur- 
pose of, Oct. 11 

Woodwork, Nov. 51 
Pekinese, Dec. 36 

Peonies as a Background for Annuals, Sept 
28 

Pergola, The Picturesque Beauty of Espalier 
and, Aug. 35 

Period Styles in the Modern Room, Nov. 11 
Picturesque Beauty of Espalier and Pergola 

The, Aug. 35 

Aug. 25, Sept. 21 

Pink Garden of Individuality, A, Sept. 30 
Planning the Efficient Cellar, Aug. 32 



Porch Lanterns, Aug. 41 

Possibilities of a Small Water Garden Airt 
15 



45 



Poultry Houses for the Amateur, 
Work for August, Aug. 6 

July, July 7 

November, Nov. 6 

October, Oct. 2 

September, Sept. 6 
Queens of Autumn, Nov. 20 
Question of a Frieze, The, Nov. 31 
Rabies, The Truth About, July 4 
Rain-Water Heads and Down-Pipes, Nov. il 
Recent Table Fountains by Ameriran Sculp- 
tors, Nov. 26 

Restored Colonial House, A, Sept. 26 
River Valley Club Near Louisville, Ky.. Sept. 

Roses, What to Do with the, Aug. 41 
Rugs, Oriental, Oct. 23 

Saturday Afternoon Garden, Yoi:r, July 31 
Aug. 25, Sept. 21 

Screens and Their Uses, Nov. 51 

Seen in the Shops, Oct. 48, Nov. 48 

Selecting the Puppy, Oct. 6 

September Poultry Work, Sept. 7 

Setters and Pointers, Oct. 18 

Seven Hearths, The House of the, July 32 

Shrubbery, Dividing the Garden With, July 28 

Small Town Country Club, A, Sept. 11 

Some Marvels of Insect Life, July 36 

Things to Think of, Nov. 4 
Spaniels, Dec. 36 

Stage Settings from a Decorator's Standpoint 
Dec. 29 

Stocking a Small Conservatory, Nov. 38 
Stools, That Minor Matter of, Nov. 34 
Structure and Decoration of Walls, July 20 
Stuttgart, A Housing Experiment in, Oct. 41 
Summer Home Furnishing, July 15 
Sure, Sharp Road, The, Dec. 7 
Table Fountains of Bronze, Nov. 26 
Taking Cuttings, The Ait^Aug. 29 
That Minor Matter of Stools and Their Plac- 
ing, Nov. 34 

Three Good Household Ideas, Aug. 40 
Toy Dogs of Royalty, Dec. 36 
Tradition and Purpose of Painted Furniture, 

The, Oct. 11 

Truth About Rabies, The, July 4 
Ventilating the House, Sept. 22 
"Villa-al-Mare," July 11 
Vitalizing Plant Growth, A Method of, Sept 

62 
Walls, Structure and Decoration of, July 20 

Water Garden, The Possibilities of a Small, 
Aug. 15 

What Every Kitchen Needs, Oct. 35 

Old Kingston Did for Its Gardens, July 24 

to do with the Roses, Aug. 41 
Winter Birds, Lunch Counters for the, Dec. 

44 

Egg Production, Dec. 62 

Your Hunting Companions, Oct. 18 
Own Orchard, Dec. 18 
Saturday Afternoon Garden, July 31, Aug. 
25, Sept. 21 




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The Secrets of the Hohenzollerns 

By Dr. Armgaard Karl Graves, Secret Agent 

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Through the narrative moves the strange 
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DO YOU WANT TO BUY A DOG? 

If you do, and want any advice on the best breed 
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Statement of Ownership. Management, Circulation, etc., Required by the Act of Aug. 24, 1912 

of HOUSE & GARDEN, published monthly at New York. N. Y., for April 1, 1915. 

Editor, none. 

Managing Editor, Richardson Wright, 31 East 17th St., New York. 

Business Managers, none. 

Publisher: McBride, Nast & Company, 31 East 17th St., New York. 

Owners: McBride, Nast & Company, a corporation, 31 East 17th St., New York. 

Samuel McBride, 109 Lefferts Place, Brooklyn, New York 

Robert M. McBride, 31 East 17th St., New York. 

Conde' Nast, 449 Fourth Avenue, New York. 

Ernest Hall, 64 William St., New York. 

Edna B. Anderson, 1087 Boston Road, New York. 

Isaac H. Blanchard Company, 418 West 25th St., New York. 

Stockholders of Isaac H. Blanchard Company. 
Isaac H. Blanchard, 108 High St., Orange. N. J. 
Ancel J. Brower, 311 Rugby Road. Brooklyn, N. Y. 
J. Cliff Blanchard, 15 Vernon Place, E. Orange. N. J. 

Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders, holding one per cent, or more of total amount of bonds 
mortgages, or other securities: 

J. B. Lippincott Company, East Washington Square. Philadelphia, Pa. 

Liquidization & Realization Corporation. 55 Liberty St., New York 
. . Architectural Publishing Company, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Statement signed by Richardson Wright, Managing Editor 
Sworn to and subscribed before me this llth day of March, 1915. JOHN T. ELSROAD, Notary Public. 

(My commission expires March 30th, 1915 ) 



An Italian House in New England 



(Continued from page 14) 

are surmounted by a shallow vaulted ceil- 
ing, beautifully frescoed in delicate color- 
ings, several of the panels being the work 
of the owner, who is himself an accom- 
plished artist. At one side of the room is 
an open fireplace with a . nrved marble 
mantelpiece and a broad mirror above. 
Bronze candelabra and Italian pottery 
grace this mantel. Aside from ihe piano 
and the Italian marble-top center tafele 
the furniture of the room partakes of the^ 
style of the Adam brothers, which har- 
monizes with the Italian Renaissance. 

Beyond the music room is the living- 
room, a larger and somewhat more sump- 
tuous apartment. A paneled wainscot 
rises two-thirds of the way to the beamed 
ceiling. Most of the furniture is of the 
heavier Italian type, some of it antique, 
though there is a graceful sofa on Duncan 
Phyfe lines. Antique and modern treas- 
ures from Italy, Mrs. Lee's native lan<t 
help to furnish the room. A fine Venetian 
mirror hangs above the marble mantel- 
piece, which is flanked by a pair of curious 
old lanterns on tall, slender standards. 
To the lover of antique furniture the 
beautifully carved cabinet will perhaps 
offer the strongest attraction. Above this 
hangs an old Italian painting. Directly- 
opposite is another cabinet, smaller incize, 
found in an old European monastery, the 
carvings on which represent scenes from 
the Quest of the Holy Grail. About the 
room are hung one or two old Italian land- 
scapes, masterpieces by Sir Joshua Rey- 
nolds, and a few modern paintings by 
Hamilton. 

From the end of the living-room one 
enters the den, a cosy room commanding 
a pretty view of the garden with glimpses 
of blue waters between the trees. Its 
vaulted ceiling is tinted a soft blue, studded 
with golden stars. Around three sides of 
its wainscoted walls extend low, broad, 
cushioned seats. The den is partly a curio 
room, housing some of the treasures whicl: 
Mr. and Mrs. Lee have collected abroad. 
Ancient pikes, swords, and lanterns of 
foreign workmanship and other relics of 
historic or artistic value are hung upon 
the walls or stand upon the mantel. 
hanging chandelier of Italian design 
suspended from the center of the ceili 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 









Your Saturday Afternoon Garden 

(Continued from page 31) 

will get them instead of the cook. Even 
where manure was used in the spring, an 
additional dressing of a high-grade fer- 
tilizer :it tliis time will always help. Put 
it on broadcast after forking and rake it in. 
A littje'guano, hone dust, cottonseed meal 
or jrlittle mixed hen manure and wood 

r s used in each hill will give the plants 

quick start and produce quicker and 
earlier results. A rainy or a cloudy day 
or a late afternoon is the best time for 
transplanting. 

If the seed bed where the plants are 
growing is dry, turn the hose on it and 
give the ground a thorough soaking the 
evening before you expect to transplant. 
A little trench made with the hoe along 
each side of the row of plants to be taken 
tip will hold the water until it has a chance 
to soak in. Trim back the leaves a third 
or so if this has not already been done 
while the plants were growing. Rake over 
smooth and mark out the piece to be 
planted and then with the hoe or trowel 
make a small hole or opening at each place 
and drop into it a half handful or so of 
guano or some other fertilizer mentioned 
above and mix it with the soil. If the 
soil is very dry pour out a pint or two of 
water into each hole. Let this soak away 
before putting the plants into place. Take 
tip only a few plants at a time and keep 
them well shaded from wind or sun. Put 
them well down. Plants of the cabbage 
family should he put in well tip to the first 
tuie leaves. Lettuce, endive and celery 
should be set just down to the crown. Be 
careful not to get the earth over it. Press 
the soil down around the plants as firmly 
as you can with your knuckles, and after 
the row is finished walk or tramp over it. 
making the plants still more secure by 
pressing the soil about them with the feet. 
\ plant well firmed in will stand more 
chance of living without watering than one 
which has been set loosely and watered 
copiously. If the newly set plants seem 
to show a tendency to wilt shade them 
during the middle of the day for two or 
three days with pieces of newspapers. 

"or the cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels 
sprouts and kale have rows spaced three 
or fovu- feet apart, the plants being spaced 
two of three feet in the rows, according 
to the richness of the soil and the variety 
planted. The late, flat, Dutch type re- 
quires a good deal of room. The flat 
Dutch World Beater. Succession, Stone 
Mason and similar kinds belong to this 
class. The Danish Baldhead and Volga 
types may be set considerably closer. If 
you still have a few tomato plants left on 
hand from the spring, or seedlings which 
'you started outdoors, set them out now 
for a supply of late fruit. You should 
Plan to have a few vines in full bearing 
before frost. 



line 

F. 







rrr 



Hotel Aspinwall, Lenox, Mass. 



In the heart of the famous Berkshire*. One of the most fashionable and attractive resorts in this Country. Accom- 
modates soo guests. Three Golf Courses; Tennis, Saddle Horses, Driving, Motoring, dancing, etc. Remains open 
until late in October. Furnished cottages for rent for the season. Write for circular. W. W. Brown, Lenox, Mass. 

Granliden Hotel, Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire, at Gateway to the White Mountains, under same management. 




Granliden Hotel, Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire 

At the Gateway to the White Mountains. On the Ideal Tour. Fine Golf Course; Saddle Horses; Tennis; Bathing, 
Boating, Canoeing and Fishing, as good, if not the best in New England. Fine Motoring. Accommodates 300 guests. 
Remains open until October ist. Furnished cottages to rent for the season. Write for circular. Address 
W. W. Brown, Granliden Hotel, Lake Sunapee, N. H. 

Hotel Aspinwall, Lenox, Mass., in the heart of the famous Berkshires, under same management. 



COMMON SENSE 

GOLF 

By CHARLES CLARKE 

Instructor of RotHtrkam Golf Club 
(COMMON sense method of teaching the 
game, to the novice, mainly by finding 
the right way to appeal to his peculiar phy- 
sical limitations. The book lays particular 
stress on points that puzzle the novice and 
which would be likely to put him "off his 
game." Illustrated. 12mo. 76c. net; postage 8r.. 

McBRIDE, NAST & CO. 

Publisher* 

Union Square North, New York City 



Smokeless 
Firebox Boilers 
Cut Coal Costs 



When You Build 

please bear in mind that there is still plenty of 

WHITE PINE 

Send for our free booklet, "WHITE PINE IK HOME-BUILDING.'* 

WHITE PINE BUREAU 
1719 Merchants' Bank Bid*. ST. PAUL, MINN. 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JI-I.Y, 




You know this Trade-Mark through National Periodical Advertising 



The man who puts his 
brand on the goods he sells 
sets his light where it will 
"shine before men" be- 
cause he is not afraid to 
have it shine on him. 

He wants it to shine on 
him as well as on his goods 
because he has nothing to 
fear and everything to 
gain from the glare. When 
he adds to the illumination 
of the trade-mark the full 
light of national advertis- 
ing you may be sure he is 
certain of his goods sure 
that you will like them. He 
is willing to risk his fortune 
and his business future 
on the chance of your ap- 
proval. 

He would not do this if 
there really were a risk be- 
cause he is a hard-headed 
business man. He has taken 



the risk out of his business 
by putting quality into his 
goods. 

Deal with the man who 
is not afraid of the light. 
Buy the goods that bear 
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these are the goods that it 
is safest and most economi- 
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you know who is respon- 
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lower selling cost in- 
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nationally advertised goods. 

Trade-marks and na- 
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two most valuable public 
servants in business to-day 
Their whole tendency is to 
raise qualities and standard- 
ize them, while lowering 
prices and stabilizing them. 



MEMBER OF THE QUOIN CLUB 

THE NATIONAL PERIODICAL ASSOCIATION 




Swings Quietly On 

STANLEY HINGES 

Trie Standard of Quality the world 
over Before buying the Hardware 
for your new home, write for booklet 
"H," on Properly Hung Doors." 

THE STANLEY WORKS 



New Britain 



Connecticut 



Smoky 
Fireplaces 

Made to 
Draw 



No payment accepted unless 
tuccessful. 

Also expert services on 
general chimney work. 

FREDERIC N. WHITLEY 

Engineer and Contractor 

119 Fulton Street. Brooklyn, N. Y. 



CHARMING WALL EFFECTS 

Perfect harmony should prevail in the general color 
scheme of an interior. The most charming effects are 
obtained where walls are covered with 

FAB-RIK-0-NA WOVEN WALL COVERINGS 

See our Exhibit, Craftsman Building, 6 E. 39th St., N. Y 
for these effects. If unable to visit, illustration of deco- 
rative suggestion with samples, on application. 

H. B. WIOOIN'S SONS CO. 218 Arch Street, Bloomfield, N. J. 



Power For Home Use 



r \ m-.i.i. reliable, efficient, nteady. eatiafai: 

L tory power built into our engines. Why 

J not punip, saw, irrigate, launder, lifiht 

" vour buildings in modern mannerV All 

. kinds and styles enerinea from 1 1-2 to 

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LK tory to-user prices. Catalog free. 

1 1. Galloway Co. Box 2365 



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Waterloo, Iowa. 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



The Truth About Rabies 

RABIES or hydrophobia a disease 
known several centuries B. C., and 
at the present time only imperfectly un- 
derstood by the average layman is a 
malady about which are clustered a mass 
of erroneous ideas and panicky accounts 
garbled for the public press. 

It is far from my intention to give the 
impression that the real "mad dog" is a 
ram avis if a somewhat mixed metaphor 
may be permitted. But it should be wry 
clearly understood that a large percent- 
age of the reported cases are not rabies 
at all, but merely animals particularly 
homeless city animals, or those which have 
lost their way half crazy from thirst, 
pursued througli the baking streets by a 
shouting, hysterical mob headed by a 
policeman with a club in one hand and 
revolver in the other, while automobiles 
honk, pedestrians rush wildly about, and 
one and all act as though at least forty- 
three raging, bloodthirsty, long-clawed 
lions had been loosed in their midst. Is it 
any wonder that the dog loses his sense 
of perspective under such circumstances, 
and in sheer, desperate terror snaps ;,t 
whatever living thing is nearest him? 

Five minutes ago he was but a cring- 
ing, thirsty derelict, searching in vain for 
a drink of the saving water which a 
thoughtless municipality too seldom sup- 
plies. Four minutes agu some browless 
coat-cutter or bootblack's helper, far less 
intelligent than the dog, noted his apathetic 
eyes and lolling tongue and threw an 
empty bottle at him, shrieking "Mad-da 
dog!" Three minutes ago the dog'- 
nerves, already stretched nearly to the 
breaking point by his suffering, gave way 
entirely and he fled crazily from the pan- 
demonium that followed the shoe cleaner's 
alarm. And in one minute more he will 
have paid the penalty which a semi-bar- 
barian mob exacts. It is not a pleasant 
picture. 

In a somewhat extended experience with 
dogs of many breeds I have known of but 
two cases of genuine rabies. Both were 
of the violent type, and in both cases the 
animals afflicted passed through the period 
of aimless running which is almost inva- 
riably noted in this form of the disease. 
But I can recall many instances where dogs 
suffering from lack of water, or else af- 
flicted with fits caused by chronic digestive 
trouble, or perhaps epilepsy, exhibited the 
frothing mouth, unnatural eye expression 
and general wildness of demeanor which 
are sufficient to brand them as "mad' in 
the opinion of the populace. 

The question naturally arises, "\\ by, " 
rabies has been recognized for over two 
thousand years, is it so little understood .' 
The answer is that it is one of those 
diseases of the nervous system which baf- 
fled the science of all save the more recent 
investigators. The cause of the malady 
is a micro-organism found chiefly in the 
nervous system, and capable of ready in- 
fection through the bite of the affected 



JULY, 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



animal, whose saliva contains the virus. 
Experiments indicate that after introduc- 
tion into the body these organisms, which 
are extremely hardy and yield only to 
some such treatment as the famous Pas- 
teur inoculation, undergo a period of in- 
cubation and multiplication, eventually 
producing a kind of paralysis which re- 
sults in death. A curious fact is that the 
disease appears to be infectious to almost 
every living thing of the higher orders : 
human beings, horses, cattle, dogs, cats 
all are susceptible to its ravages. 

A case of true rabies in a dog need 
never be mistaken for anything else, 
whether it takes the "violent" or the 
"dumb" form. In the former a curious 
change in the dog's disposition is the first 
symptom : if he is affectionate and demon- 
strative normally, he now grows apathetic 
and depressed; if ill-tempered, the devel- 
opment of the disease makes him cowardly 
or affectionate. These symptoms may 
become manifest in from three weeks to 
three months after the time of infection, 
and are followed in twenty-four or forty- 
dght hours by a desire for roaming which 
the animal seems unable to resist. During 
this wandering period the dog is irritable 
and nervous, snapping and biting on the 
least provocation. In some cases the flow 
of saliva is excessive, giving rise to the 
"foaming at the rrouth," which is com- 
monly believed to be an infallible sign of 
hydrophobia. 

In two or three days the roving mania 
passes and the dog then seeks dark, se- 
cluded places, avoiding the presence of 
people. Soon paralysis of the jaws and 
throat sets in, noticeable at first in the un- 
naturally long, peculiar tone of the dog's 
bark, and extending until swallowing be- 
comes difficult and finally impossible. The 
paralysis spreads rapidly through the body, 
and death follows in four days or a week 
after the first symptoms appeared. 

Such is the usual course of the "violent* 
form of rabies. The "dumb" type differs 
in that the paralysis is generally the first 
symptom noticed, and extends so rapidly 
that the roving tendency mentioned is 
physically impossible. The course of the 
disease is also shorter, the dog seldom sur- 
viving more than two or three days. In 
neither form is the victim afraid of water ; 
presumably that fallacy had its origin in 
the fact that the paralysis of the throat, 
which always accompanies rabies, makes 
the actual drinking of water a physical 
impossibility. 

The disease is apparently transmitted 
only from an infected animal it is not 
spontaneous in its origin. Theoretically, 
then, it would seem that if all dogs in a 
given country were kept muzzled over a 
period covering the possible development 
of the rabies virus, the disease would be 
eradicated. England, Denmark, Sweden 
and some other European countries have 
virtually stamped out the disease in this 
way. 



:ENNEL DEPARTMENT 



The purpose of this department is to give advice to those interested 
tn dogs. The manager will gladly answer any troublesome 
Adforss "Kf**fl Department" and enclotf a self-nHHrfttfd 



ome questions. 
ed tmwtlofif. 



Midkiff Kennels 

W. T. PAYNE, Owner 

For the past twenty-eight years we have been the 
largest breeder and exhibitor of Cocker Spaniels. 

During that time we have won more prizes than 
any other exhibitor in the United States or Canada. 

Our entire breeding stock including both stud doga 
and matrons are the very best obtainable. 

Our dogs are all farm raised insuring strong con- 
stitutions and rugged health, and the development 
of their intelligence and house manners receives the 
same careful attention as the maintenance of their 
health. 

We always have a large number on hand, both 
sexes, all ages and in all the various standard colon 
for sale 

Also several broken and unbroken. Pointers. 
Setters and Irish Water Spaniels. 

For full particulars i description and pricfi t address 
THE MIDKIFF KENNELS. Dallas. Praam. 



Airedale Terriers 

From the greatest living sires 

Ch. Soudan Swiveller, Ch. King Oorang and Gold 
Heels. Farm-raised, very keen, alert and full of 
vigor, with true terrier characteristics. Prices reason- 
able. Shipped on approval to responsible parties. 

THOMAS K. BRAY. 2.'2 Clark Street, Westfldd. New Jencr 
Phone 424 M Weltfield 



AMERICAN KENNELS 

Largest and most up-to-date establishment 
of its kind. Importers and breedersof Ena- 
lishBulls, Puppies. $15.00 to 125.00; grown 
Stock for Companions. Stud Dogs and 
brood Bitches, $35.00 up; Great Danes. 
Newfoundlands. St. Bernards. Puppies. 
JI5.00 up; grown Dogs. $35.00 up. Scotch 
Colhes. Airedales. Irish. Foz Terriers. $10. 00 
up. Toy Dogs. $20.00 up. Pomeranians, 
all colon ; Toy Slllc Poodles, from 
3-pound parents. $12.00 up. Toy Foi 
Terriers. $5.00 up. Every variety. State 
wants we ship anywhere 

AMERICAN KENNELS 
Dept.H. 213 Third Aye., New York City. 




Are You Interested 
in Unlisted Securities? 



Securities unlisted or inactive 
on the New York Stock Ex- 
change are given authorita-, 
tive quotations every week 
in the Unlisted Securities 
Department of 

The Annalist 



Weekly Journal of Finance 
Commerce and Economics 

$4.00 a year. On News Stands, lOc. 

Sample copy free on request 

Times Square New Yorh 




" The Latchstring is 
Always Out" in the 
home where a German 
Shepherd Dog keeps tab 
on intruders. He insures 
your property, guaran- 
tees safety to wife and 
children and makes the 
best friend and compan- 
ion. Cancel your Burglar 
insurance policy and 
own a 

POLICE DOG 

Pallside Keaaclt. Eut KiliiniU. Coat, 
Phone: Dnniel.cn 243 3. 



THE ORTEGA KENNELS 
f\ 1 F C Q 3 1 C S from American 

Bull Terriers 



usually forsnle.Vriu 

for booklet. lilting tfuu. 

JACKSONVILLE (Box 1534 H) FLORIDA 



A rare opportunity to secure a 

Beautiful Royal Siamese Cat 

The most fascinating and 

affectionate of pets 
Three litters of finest pedigree at 
moderate prices if taken young. 
Illustrated booklet upon request. 

Black Short Haired Cattery 
N. Y. Office HASBROUCK 

112 Carnegie Hall HEIGHTS. N. J. 




The Proper 
Private School 



for your children U perhaps the 
most important choice you have 
to make. You need the best guide 
in existence and that undoubtedly 
you will find every month in the 



Educational Directory 

4 

Harper's Magazine 



for it is in Harper's Magazine that you 
find the announcements of more 
private and preparatory schools and 
colleges than in any other publica- 
tion the widest, the best, and the 
most dependable selection. 



\ou Hat Iftf la hale four own 
go ta school -with chiltirtn Tvkose 
parents rtaj Harper's Maxatinef 



In writing to advertisers, please mention Housi & GAIDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



Jri.v, 1915 




July Poultry Work 

USUALLY it is better not to feed 
much corn to young chickens, de- 
pending more upon wheat and its products 
for rapid growth and the making of large 
frames, but this season the abnormally 
high price of wheat seems to compel a 
sharp reduction in the amount used. Most 
of the commercial chick rations contain a 
very large percentage of cracked corn this 
season, although considerable Kaffir corn 
is being used. Even the poultry business 
suffers from the war. 

It is very important, though, to make 
certain that the corn used is sweet and 
good. Cracked corn goes bad quickly in 
hot weather and many amateurs find it 
advisable to buy in small lots, even though 
they have to pay a little more proportion- 
ately. If corn smells musty it should not 
be fed, at least to chickens, and better not 
at all. 

Beef scraps, too, must be examined 
carefully, and it is well not to feed scraps 
too liberally. Green bone and fresh meat 
should be eliminated from the poultry 
dietary for the time being. 

Green food of some kind is most essen- 
tial. When only a small flock is kept clip- 
pings from the lawn will answer. Often 
it is possible to let the hens out for an 
hour just before darkness falls. They will 
not wander far at that time of day, but 
will spend their time eating grass. If 
watched a little they are not likely to do 
any damage. Rape planted in the spring 
should be yielding bountifully now, and it 
is well to make another sowing for fall 
use. For late feeding there should be a 
row of Scotch kale, which will remain 
green until after snow falls. 

On very hot nights the birds are likely 
to suffer if confined in houses of the shed 
type. All the doors and windows should 
be kept opened, but should be protected by 
wire netting to keep out four-legged in- 
truders. There are various ways of deal- 
ing with two-legged night prowlers, but 
it is poor policy to use a gun. There are 
patent locks which discharge a blank car- 
tridge when an attempt is made to open 
the door at night and they frighten awav 
a chicken thief quite as quickly as a rifle 
in the hands of an irate poultryman, who 
is likely to lose his self-possession on small 
provocation. A few Guinea hens, as a 
matter of fact, will make sufficient dis- 
turbance to alarm the household. 




Brooder 



Hodgson 
Portable 
Houses 



No. 3 Poultry House 2 units Setting Coop 

BROODER can be operated out-of-doors in zero weather with little attention or expense. 50 to 100 chicks. 
No. 3 POULTRY HOUSE-Fitted complete for 60 hens-8x2fi feet $110.00. First pen, $60.00 j additional 

pens, $50.00 eacn. Red Cedar, vermin-proof. 
SETTING COOP to set a hen in and brood her chicks. $3.00. 

All neatly painted and quickly bolted together. Send for illustrated catalogue. 

EC UmU'CAY m CRoom 326, 116 WASHINGTON ST. .BOSTON, MASS.\ Addreia all corre- 
. T. HUllll>Ulll l/V. ^CRAFTSMAN BLDG., 6 EAST 39th ST., NEW YOEKJ ipondenc* to BOB ion 



Potter Sanitary Poultry Fixtures 



You can buy Sanitary Roost- 
ing and Nesting Fixtures, 
^r / ('oops. Hoppers, etc. .cheaper 
than you can build. Used over 
ten yt-ars by thousands of suc- 
cessful poultry keepers. Potter 
Complete Hennery Outfits S3 
ill up. PortabHHouses.allsizes, 
Compi.t. P ttr [) S16 up. Start i ir-it . Get the 
Outfit S6.6O world's best poultry equipment 

I at lowest prices. Get rid of your makeshift, unsanitary fix- 
tures. Send 4 cents in stamp.s forpostajje on 100-papre catalog. 
POTTER & CO., 37 Forest Avenue, Downers Grove, IIL 




FROG CULTURE 

Easy, interesting and immensely profitable 
for the Farmer, Fancier or Country 
Gentleman. Now's Breeding Time. 
Write for Circular. 

TheORTEGA FROG FARM 

c/o Box 1534 R Jacksonville, Fla" 




G. D. TILLEY 

Naturalist 

"Everything in the Bird Line 
from a Canary to an Ostrich" 



Birds for the House and Porch 
Birds for the Ornamental Waterway 
Birds for the Garden, Pool and Aviary 
Birds for the Game Preserve and Park 

I am the oldest established and largest exclusive 
dealer in land and water birdi in America and have 
on hand the most extensive stock in the United Stales 

G. D. TILLEY. Box H, Darien, Connecticut 



Inside the House of 
Good Taste 

Edited by Richardson Wright 
Editor of House & Garden 

200 pictures of other people's 
houses with suggestions for 
furnishing your own. A lay- 
man's book on interior deco- 
ration, lavishly illustrated with pictures that show the furnishing and 
arrangement of each room considered as a definite problem. 

8vo. Illustrated with more than 200 pictures. $1 .50 net. 

Postage 12 cents. 
IVIcBRIDE, MAST G CO., New York 




I 



In writing to advertisers, flense mention HOUSE ft GABDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



Coops with earth floors are better than 
those having board floors at this season, 
but they must be kept clean or moved 
often. Poultry writers commonly advise 
keeping the chickens shut in every morn- 
ing until the grass is dry, but whether or 
not that advice is good is a question open 
to argument. Chickens confined for a few 
days after having been allowed their 
liberty will actually lose in weight as a 
result of fretting and loss of appetite. Un- 
less the grass is very wet and the weather 
cold it is probably as well to let the 
chickens out early as it is to keep them 
shut up until the forenoon is half gone. 

It is a mistake to keep chickens and 
ducklings in the same yard. Not that they 
will fail to get along peaceably enough, 
but the ducklings will foul the water by 
dabbling in it almost as soon as the water 
dish is set in the yard. They like to settle 
down comfortably in front of the water 
and play in it. In fact, if an open dish is 
used they will climb into it by the time 
they are two days old. For that reason it 
is better to use a chick fountain, which will 
prevent some waste and keep the young 
ducks from getting wet before they acquire 
feathers. 

It is not too late to hatch turkeys, al- 
lowing the turkey hen herself to sit on the 
eggs. There must be no lack of shade 
for the turkey poults, though, and every 
effort must be made to keep them free 
from lice. If the hen be lifted slightly 
when she is covering her poults at night 
and sulphur be sifted on the backs of the 
youngsters the lice will beat a hasty re- 
treat. Lice, filth and dampness have 
caused more losses than turkey growers 
are usually willing to admit. 

Bantam eggs and pheasant eggs may 
still be set. Much interest in pheasants 
has been shown of late, and these hand- 
some birds in several varieties are now 
to be found on many estates, large and 
small. Although robust enough when 
grown, and, in fact, after a few weeks, 
pheasants are extremely delicate at first. 
They are very susceptible to lice and for 
that reason some breeders transfer the 
eggs to incubators a few days before they 
are due to hatch and raise the youngsters 
in brooders. A newly-hatched pheasant is 
very tiny, but very alert. When hens are 
used it is necessary to run a little fence 
around the nest box, or the first birds to 
break put of the shell will wander awav 
before their more belated brothers and 
sisters appear on the scene. Some breed- 
ers put the mother hens with the little 
pheasants into boxes for a few days. Then 
they spread a white cloth over the box 
and find that if there are lice on the hens 
large numbers of the pests will gather on 
this cloth, which makes their extermina- 
tion an easy matter. It is only necessary 
to souse the cloth in boiling water. 

If there be a surplus of cockerels to be 
sold it is well to have them on the market 
before the middle of September, for as 
fall comes on prices drop. 

E. I. FARRINGTON. 




// you can't keep a secret, apply 
for LIPPINCOTT'S at any news- 
stand, 2Sc a copy. 



McBride, Nl 6 Company, Publithert 

31 Union Square, North, Nw York 

I promise not to tell if you reduce the 
price and send me a 6 months' trial sub- 
scription to Lippincott's Magatint for 
$1.00. I have been told that under the 
new Editorial direction Lippincott's has 
become the most brilliant, the most optim - 
istic and altogether the most delightful 
magazine published. I particularly want 
to read Hanna Rion's complete novel, 
"Honor6 James Henry," in the July 
number. 



Name 

Address . . 




H*G7 N/ 

llHiiiiiiiiiniiiiiHitr 



E drai i id Wi 





rawh 




| Are as large as small oranges. This and the three other Van Fleet hybrid strawberries are marvels 
j in size, beauty and productiveness, with the true wild strawberry flavor. They cover the whole 
| season, from earliest till latest. 

L-ovett's Fot Grown Strawberry Plants 

| Planted in summer or autumn, produce a crop of berries the following June. My booklet on Pot Grown Strawberries tells all about 

| them; how to prepare the ground, and cultivate. It shows the"Edmond Wilson" in natural size and color, and accurately describe* 

- with truthful illustrations the Van Fleet hybrids and a core of other choice varieties, including the best Everbearing Strawberries 

= IT'S FREE. If you would have bigger and better Strawberries than you have ever bad before, plant Van Fleet Hybrids. 

J. T. LOVETT, Box 152, LITTLE SILVER, N.J. 

For thirty-seven year* a Strawbsrry Specialist 

i!!l!!!!!l[lI1!llI!1ll!l!M 
In tt'ri/ino to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 




JULY, 1915 



i 



A Happy Solution 
For your Garden Watering Worries 

THIS ardent flower lover lives a day's ride from New York. Per- 
haps you know her. If you do, you very likely already know 
about the Happy Solution. 

For those of you who don't, here's the story. 

It seems that she agreed to do all the '"tending garden," provided 
the man of the house would keep it watered. 

This he agreed to do, and then promptly began looking around for 
a way of entirely emancipating himself from "hose holding." 

He finally successfully solved the problem by spending $11.75 for 
one of our Rain Machines, and freed himself from all responsibility. 
His wife now turns on the faucet and the garden waters itself. 

Doesn't this kind of emancipation appeal to you? 

Send for booklet fully describing the Rain Machine. 



^ j 




SPECIAL OFFER 

For $1 1.75 we will send you 
one of these Complete Port- 
able Lines. 50 feet long, that 
will water 2,500 square feet 
or any leaser amount you wish. 
Can be moved wherever de- 
sired and attached to regular 
hose- 
Simple. Durable. Nothing 
to Ret out of order. When 
remittance accompanies order 
will prepay freight east of 
Mississippi. 



THE SKINNER IRRIGATION 
COMPANY 




KINNER 

YS T E M 

OF IRRIGATION 



LAWN MIST 

Water falls on the grass in 
a fine mist, covering space IS 
feet wide. Made in lengths 
up to IS feet. Two lengths 
can be joined by flexible 
coupling, to conform to bend 
in walk to spray around a 
corner. 

Mounted on wheels. Easy 
to move. 

For full description and 
prices, send for Lawn Mist 
Circular. 



231 WATER STREET 
TROY, OHIO 



The Book of 1OO Houses 




i Creosote Stains 
rchitect, Neic i'ork 



Sentjree to any one tc'Ao intends to build. 
This book contains photographic views of over 100 houses cf 
every variety and style of architecture (from the smallest bunga- 
lows and camps to the largest residences) that have been built 
in all parts of the country, under widely varying conditions 
of climate and surroundings, and stained with 

Cabot's Creosote Stains 

They are designed by leading architects and the 
book is full of ideas and suggestions that are of inter- 
est and value to those who are planning to build. 

SAMUEL CABOT, Inc., Manufacturing Chemists 
II Oliver St., Boston, Man. 



1 SAFE 



Solid Porcelairv 
Refrigerators 



Are the only 

ones made 



having the Entire Ice Cham- 
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but Real Porcelain Ware. 
Guaranteed not to crack or break. 

Five inch thick walls save much 
ice. The circulation is right. 




BEAVER 

i REFRIGERATOR MFG. CO. 

New Brighton, Pa. 





The Finishing Touch 
to Your Garden 

is provided by Portland 
Cement Garden Pottery. 
Even a single piece a 
fountain, a garden bench, a 
flower box, a sun dial, a 
bird bath gleaming white 
against the surrounding 
green shrubbery or lawn, 
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the whole. Write for book- 
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Architectural Decorating Co. 
1600 S. Jefferson St.. Chicago 



CEMENT BIRD BATH 

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14 in base $14.00, 

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lit uriting to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 




VOLUME XXVIII 

FRONTISPIECE. 

Photograph by Mary H. Northend 
AN ITALIAN HOUSE IN NEW ENGLAND 11 * 

Walter A. Dyer 
THE HOUSE IN SUMMER NEGLIG ,B> % 

Agnes Foster .*,.'. 

MAKING A GARDEN FOR CUT FLOWERS 

Cornelia L. Clarkson 
STRUCTURE AND DECORATION OF WALLS.. 

Harold Donaldson Eberlein 
EFFICIENCY IN THE FLOWER GARDEN 

F. F. Rockwell 
WHAT OLD KINGSTON DID FOR ITS GARDENS.. 

A. Van Hoesen Wakeman 
DIVIDING THE GARDEN WITH SHRUBBERY 

Elsa Rehmann 
YOUR SATURDAY AFTERNOON GARDEN 

D. R. Edson 
THE HOUSE OF THE SEVEN HEARTHS 

Joseph Ames 
THE GARDENING OF AN IMPATIENT WOMAN... 

M. C. Aymar 
SOME MARVELS OF INSECT LIFE 

Edward Step, F. L. S. 

THE MONTCLAIR HOME OF W. J. GESELL 

INSIDE THE HOUSE 

GARDEN SUGGESTIONS AND QUERIES 

EDITORIAL 44 

RICHARDSON WRIGHT, Managing Editor 

Me BRIDE, NAST C& COMPANY 

Union Square North, New York City 

Rolls House, Breams Building, London, E.G. 

Robert M. McBride, President; Cond* Nast, Vice-President and Treasurer; 
Frederick A. Leland. Secretary; John T. Elsroad Aasistant Treasurer. Published 
monthly. 25 cents per copy; $3.00 per year. For Foreign Postagtadd $1.00; 
Canadian. 50 cents. Entered as second-class matter at the Post-office, at New 
York, under act of March 3. 1879. 

Copyright, 1'Jlo. ilcBride, Natt & Co. 



u 




u IT u 




Although the old Italian villas and their gardens are essentially formal, they have a homelike, livable quality. Transplant such exotic elegance to America and the 
result is oflen grotesque the form is there but the spirit is lacking. From this glimpse of an Italian house in New England can be caught some of the genuine 

spirit. How it was created is described on the opposite page 





IIGISTIIID IK u . I 



T o r w i c i 



VOL. XXVIII No. 1 



JULY, 1915 




The house rites from a bower of greenery, relieved here and there by flowering shrubs and the more formal accents of bay trees and cedars, 
while the partly wooded hillside, left purposely in its natural stale of wilderness, forms a striking background 



An Italian House in New England 

HOW THE EXOTIC ELEGANCE OF A FOREIGN STYLE HAS BEEN FITTED TO AMERICAN SURROUNDINGS 
-" VILLA-AL-MARE," THE SUMMER HOME OF MR. GEORGE LEE AT BEVERLY FARMS, MASSACHUSETTS 



WALTER A. DYER 



Photographs by Mary H. Northend 



EVERY departure from the strictly native in domestic archi- 
tecture is always attended with difficulties, and some of our 
worst architectural blunders have been due to the attempt to 
transplant exotic elegance into an uncongenial environment. 
Perhaps no style has suffered more from this treatment than the 
Italian. Our New England hillsides and mid-Western prairie 
landscapes are dotted with mistakes of this nature. Shorn of 
its proper surroundings, the style is coldly formal and lacking in 
homelike quality. 

But such crimes against good taste are by no means unavoid- 
able, and it is quite possible to handle the Italian style of archi- 



tecture in such a way as to make it seem entirely at home in its 
New World setting. On the shores of Lake Michigan, at Bar 
Harbor, and in other places, architects with a true feeling for 
the meaning of the style have succeeded admirably in adapting 
the style and adjusting the environment so that there is no hint 
of incompatibility, no suggestion of impropriety. 

An excellent example of such adjustment is to be found in 
"Villa-al-Mare," the summer home of Mr. George Lee at Beverly 
Farms, Mass. Here the architect, Mr. William G. Rantoul, was 
given a sufficiently free hand in the matter of design and planting 
to produce, in a brief time, an effect of settled beauty, 



u 



12 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JULY, 1915 




In the living-room the paneled wainscot rises two-thirds of the way to the beamed ceiling, making an excellent background for the heavy old Italian furniture and 

the plethora of antiques which have been assembled here 

coupled with the inherent elegance and dignity of the Italian 
style. 

Bostonians are fortunate in their North Shore, and Mr. Ran- 
toul was fortunate in having so fair a frame for his picture. 
The way from Beverly to Magnolia is a delightful panorama 
of shady woodland, sunny meadows, a rolling hinterland, rugged 
headlands, sandy beaches, and the eternal beauty of the sparkling 
sea. In this delectable combination of shore and country there 
has grown up a colony of attractive homes, varying from the 
simple cottage to the stately mansion, surrounded everywhere 
by the green beauty of trees. It was amid the natural beauties 
of the North Shore that Mr. Lee, a well-known Boston banker, 
chose to erect his summer home, on the crossroads a third of a 
mile from the Beverly Farms railroad station. 

It was sixty years ago that Col. Henry C. Lee, Mr. George 
Lee's father, one of the four pioneer summer residents of the 
North Shore, built a home not far from where Villa-al-Mare 
now stands. The section in the immediate vicinity developed 
slowly, and when the son purchased the land on which his 
house now stands it was a rough, forlorn-looking spot enough. 
In fact, it was largely a sand pit. But Mr. Lee and his architect 
saw the possibilities of the site, and the transformation is now 
complete. 

Villa-al-Mare stands somewhat back from the main road on 
a slight eminence, commanding a superb view of the sail-dotted 




The music room i, Italian Renaissance in design and furnishing,; the walls finished 
in white and gold panels surmounted by a shallow vaulted ceiling 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 




Digniry rather than ornament it the keynote of the dining-room. The woodwork, the leather upholstered chain and the massive refectory table are of mahogany. An 
. Italian hanging chandelier is suspended from the beamed ceiling 

ocean. In the distance is Misery Island, where Mr. Lee has a 
week-end bungalow called "Ye Court of Hearts." Visible also 
from the villa is the yellow stretch of West Beach, the favorite 
bathing resort of the North Shore colony. 

The house is built of gray stucco with a red tiled roof, befit- 
ting the Italian architecture. The roof line is broken by dormers 
and the design displays a happy combination of balance and 
variety. The arrangement of windows, balconies, porches and 
terraces is admirably calculated to offset any tendency toward 
stiff formality. The entrance is at the end, facing the road, 
while the main front commands the view of the sea and over- 
looks the garden. At the left of this the wild, rocky hillside 
offers a charming foil to the works of man. 

T he feature which at once attracts the attention of the be- 
holder is the wealth of planting near the house, and to this is 
due, in large measure, its appearance of being comfortably at 
home. It seems to rise from a bovver of greenery, relieved 
here and there by flowering shrubs and the more formal accents 
of bay trees and cedars, while the partly wooded hillside, left 
purposely in its natural state of wildness, forms a charming 
background. 

The house is approached between ornamental gate-posts, up 
a short flight of steps, and along a winding gravel path between 
velvety lawns and masses of shrubbery. The little entrance 
porch, with its tiled roof and white pillars, flanked by hydrangeas 




This view of the living-room indicates its position in the house. The French windows 
open directly on the terrace shown on the neit page 




Across part of the garden front extends a brick terrace with bay and box and palms 
in tubs, bordered by a stone-capped, vine-covered parapet 

and bay trees in Italian marble tubs, is just the right size to 
offer a friendly welcome. Around the house to the right the 
lawn extends, and to the left, on a lower level, is the garden, 
which can be reached from the entrance porch by two easy 
flights of stone steps. 

Across two-thirds of the garden front extends a brick terrace, 
with bay and box and palms in tubs, bordered by a stone-capped, 
vine-covered parapet, at each end of which is a century plant in 
a marble pot. 

Below this is a shrub- 
massed terrace, and below 
that the formal garden, 
with its stone retaining- 
wall nearly covered by 
clinging ampelopsis quin- 
quefolia. The garden is 
simply formal, Italian in 
its elements like the 
house, its center of in- 
terest being a single-spray 
fountain in a circular 
pool, surrounded by a low 
concrete curb and a ring 
of greensward. The gar- 
den lawn is broken here 
and there by sentinel 
cedars, standard roses, 
flowering shrubs, and bits 
of rare Italian marble, 
with seats arranged at 
convenient spots. 



At the left of the brick 
terrace, which is reached 
from the living-room 




Befitting Italian architecture, the house is of gray stucco, with a red-tiled roof. 
ment of windows, balconies, porches and terraces is admirably calculated 
tendency toward stiff formality 



At the left of the terrace is a covered veranda enveloping the corner of the house. 
Suitably furnished, it may be enclosed for a sun parlor 

through large French casement windows, is a covered veranda 
enveloping the corner of the house. This may be enclosed as a 
sun parlor, and is suitably furnished. 

The wild hillside at the rear of the house, with its few gnarled 
old trees, is a tangle of wild roses and clover, while nature has 
been assisted by the planting of clematis paniculata and ampe- 
lopsis, which partly cover the gray ledges in summer. A short 
distance to the rear are the stables, where Mr. Lee keeps a 
string of thoroughbreds, reached by a gravel walk through a 

smooth-shaven lawn, bor- 
dered at intervals by hy- 
drangeas and other plants 
in tubs. 

The interior of the 
house, in which the 
Italian note has been pre- 
served, is no less success- 
ful than the exterior. The 
entrance door opens di- 
rectly into an arched hall- 
way with mosaic floor 
and paneled woodwork. 
From this hallway oaken 
stairs ascend to the sec- 
ond floor. 

To the left of the hall 
is the music room, which 
is Italian Renaissance in 
design and furnishings, 
not far removed from the 
English Georgian style. 
The walls are finished in 
white and gold panels and 
(Continued on page 2) 



The arrange- 
to offset any 











I 





v 



One of the summer fabrics 
varitmted flowers with 
a black-hued background 



Another fabric is the bas- 
ket and flower pattern on 
a blue-checked ground 



The first principle of refurbishing for the summer is to put away all furniture and hangings that suggest 
winter and to give the room a sense of spaciousness 

"* The House in Summer Neglige 

THE FURNITURE TO DISCARD AND ITS HOT WEATHER SUBSTITUTES SUMMER COLOR SCHEMES THE 

NEW STRIPES SUMMER CARE OF WINTER FURNITURE 

AGNES FOSTER 






F N "doing over" for the summer, our axiom should be : not 
*- "overdoing." Simplify and eliminate at every turn. The 
stuffiness and fussiness of winter quarters must be replaced by 
the fluffiness of summer furnishings. The imagination plays such 
a part in our being cool that, while a red plush sofa does not 
actually heat us nor a gray wicker chaise longue upholstered in 
light-green chintz keep us cool, these factors of psychology must 
be kept in mind. 

There are some things to be attended to before we start to 
redo our quarters for the summer. It were best to cleanse thor- 
oughly several of the largest and more cumbersome pieces of 
furniture, wrap them in sheets and put them away in the store 
room. Kven with the use of slip covers there is bound to be 
much wear and tear on furniture during the summer, so it were 
jnore prudent to put them away altogether. Oriental rugs should 
~"ed up in newspaper moths detest nothing as they do 
ink and put them away. The grit of summer dust is 



lie 
printe 




particularly hard on rugs. Wash all the bric-a-brac, put over 
them coveVe of oiled paper, and place them upon the topmost 
closet shelf.Vjong with these go the oil paintings in their heavy 
gold frames. \ave only a few etchings or water colors, which 
can now come iftto their own in prominence. These things dis- 
posed of, we havXjj working basis on which to refurbish for 
the summer. 

Our first consideration is the walls. If the paper is in good 
condition it may need only a thorough wiping with a clean cloth 
and with dry bread around the squares where the pictures have 
been removed. In case the paper has had its day, the walls may 



be done over with alabastine. This comes in very good shades 
and leaves a smooth, clean, fresh surface. 

If the walls are to be repapered choose gray or putty color 
or a soft, cool tan. Striped papers are very popular this season, 
and they come in a great variety of stripes and tones and at a 
small price. Black stripes on a white or gray or buff back- 
ground make a charming side wall. If care is taken to select 
a stripe that is wide in proportion to the size of the room, a 
very striking and not altogether bizarre effect is obtained. Of the 
many figured papers being shown this season one particularly 
is interesting: blackbirds and flowers on a white background, 
suggestive of an old English paper.' 

Granted that the woodwork is white, the mouldings of the 
door casing may be striped in black. The greatest* care should 
be taken that this is not overdone. It would require, perhaps, 
the judgment of a decorator to get just the proper balance of 
black and white. The entire door and trim may be painted black, 
but this, I believe, to be less successful than the striping. 

Never have the papers been more attractive than this season. 
To be sure, stripes predominate, as they do in women's clothes. 
For the dining-room there come blue and buff stripes; for the 
bedrooms, lavender and gray. Chintz papers are always sugges- 
tive of summer rooms. Used in conjunction with a plain, white 
wainscot, the chintz papers are at their best, especially if the 
hangings and upholstery are confined to one or two tones. A 
pretty bedroom is done with a light lavender wall and wood- 
work of lemon color; the tones must be very delicate and one 
or two notes of deper lavender should be introduced to keep 



\ 



i6 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN 


U 


i.v. 


191=; 



the scheme from becoming insipid. Thus, one can use wicker 
furniture dyed lavender with vari-flowered chintz coverings re- 
peating the tones of the walls and woodwork. 

A very cool color-scheme is black and white or gray, and, to 
offset it, use mulberry here and there. While mulberry is not so 
much in vogue as last season, it has retained its place in its proper 
use. With black and white may also be used a very little vivid 
orange and a very little blue-green. 

It is not always possible to have two sets of floor coverings. 
If the carpet or large rug must be kept, it can be cleansed, covered 
with newspapers laid smooth and then covered with denim 
stretched and tacked around the edge. The papers prevent the 
dirt from sifting in and keep away the moths. As the denim may 
be had in tones to harmonize with any color-scheme and is easily 
stitched up, it forms a cool, agreeable covering. Each year it 
can be taken up and packed away for the ensuing summer. If 
the rug is large it were wiser to turn the denim over the edges 
and sew it firmly underneath. 

The best rug for summer is one with no pile. Flat tapestry 
weave rugs come in all sizes and colors. The more expensive 
Scotch rugs, the cheaper American art rugs and the Colonial 
rag rugs all fall in the no-pile class. For medium price and 
service the domestic art rug is preferable. For bedroom use 
rag rugs have some justification, but the art rug is at all times 
best. These come in two tones with plain banded or fancy 
borders. They have countless trade names and are to be had 
in a variety of grades. 

For the first-floor rooms and the outside living-room fiber rugs 
are serviceable. It is well to avoid too fancy weaves and colors, 
as they make a room chaotic and too suggestive of the camp and 
porch, besides frequently having a wearing effect on the nerves. 

In refurnish- 
ing, if one wishes 
to use what is at 
hand as to rugs, 
they can easily be 
dyed. Thus, in a 
black-and-white 
room we may not 
be certain that 
we will like the 
scheme and there- 
fore do not want 
to go to the ex- 
pense of buying a 
black rug. As a 




Painted peasant furniture can be decorated in the design 
of the hangings, giving the room a decorative unity 



try-out we can have an old rug dye>! black at a small expense 

It is always better to have small rugs in summer time than large 
as they are more easily taken up and cu-nned, and, moreover, a 
sparsely covered floor gives a sense of co> N;ss. 

To re-kalsomine a ceiling is a matter of small expense 
if the painter uses care. A newly tinted ceifing adds fresh- 
ness, and done now, it need not be redone in th- fall Alwavs 
have it tinted to tone in with the color of the w*!l. For that 
reason a dead white ceiling is impracticable; moreover it would 
show quickly the smoke from lamps, the fire and the 1. nace 

The heavy, handsome velour or damask hangings at widows 
and doors are the most essential winter furnishings to be g Ll en 
rid of. Upholsterers will sometimes recommend their benyj l c > 
up hung in bags, but nothing is more ghostlike in appearance 
than these great, sheeted things dangling in midair. Take 
down and substitute at the doors a plain cotton rep, which han 
well and is inexpensive. At the windows nothing is more effectived 
or partakes more of the summer gladness of color than chintz. \ 
Narrow-width cretonnes in excellent patterns and colors come at 
twenty cents a yard ; double-width linens in beautiful design and 
wonderful colors come as high as $4.50; and one's choice lies 
all the way between. For furniture coverings the jo-inch width 
cuts to the best advantage, but for the hangings the full width 
is too broad for the general run of window openings and the 
split width looks a little scrimpy. Use the 3O-inch width. 

An excellent way to treat a window is to put next the glass 
a cream scrim with a wide hemstitched hem at the bottom. This 
curtain shields from the strong glare and prevents the dust from 
blowing in. As it is readily washed, a fresh, crisp appearance can 
always be maintained. Inside these could be hung the chintz 
curtains, preferably with a valance. The valance shuts off the 
top light, serving 
somewhat as the 
awning does out- 
side. It also gives 
a good finish to 
the top of the 
window and 
hides the rod. 

Some chintzes 
look best with the 
light coming 
through them and 
showing the color, 
so thev are best 

. , . . . Extension tables, light in weight and with clean-cut lines, 

can serve a dozen purposes in the summer home 




^sl 



T'*" 



The fact that peasant furnitu 



lasant furniture is eminently adapted to the summer arrangement do 
not forbid it a place in an all-year decorative scheme 




A couch of these lines and light structure is always servicea 

match the hangings, and its tone the walls 



Its decoration can 



Iri.v, 1915 



HOUSK AND CARDKX 




Rattan and willow furniture has no equal for summer use if it is employed judiciously. Painted lo harmonize with the walls and upholstered in gaily-linted chintz, it 

lends a refreshing air of coolness and comfort, a respite from the stuffiness of winter furniture 



others lose their pattern when unlined. A rather odd and dainty 
window hanging can be made of Japanese toweling. Both pat- 
terns and colors are summery. Hang them on either side of the 
window and use a valance of the material. These are adaptable 
to both dining and bedrooms. In the 
former the blue and white patterns are 
especially good to use when the china 
also is blue. Table runners and dresser 
covers may be made of the same ma- 
terial". It washes well and is inexpen- 
sive, coming from fifteen cents a yard 
upwards. 

There are numberless sunfast mate- 
rials shown, and, if one avoids the 
clinging variety, no better window 
drapery can be had. It is well to avoid 
the type that has a black warp thread. 
for while these are pretty enough in 
the hand, they are not pretty with the 
light streaming through. 

If one wishes to go in for a rather 
expensive linen it were best to choose 
one with many colors, because good 
linen gives many years of service and 
you can change the color-scheme of ~ f oun d m di, P ensable 




A combination lounge chair and foot rest of this kind will be 



your room from year to year, picking out of the linen a tone and 
matching it up with plain fabrics. Nothing is cooler than a gray 
and rose linen. Use with it gray-painted furniture and plain 
rose upholstery, alternating with a few pieces done in linen. A 

room becomes tiresome when all the 
pieces are upholstered alike and is per- 
haps too reminiscent of a "suite." On 
the other hand, a room of conglom- 
erate upholstered pieces has neither 
restfulness nor dignity. Plain walls, 
figured hangings, plain and figured 
upholstered furniture this is a fairly 
good rule to stick by. 

Summer chair-coverings are so in- 
expensive that they should be re- 
done very often. With the help of a 
good upholsterer who comes in by the 
day, a complete summer garnishing 
may be easily accomplished. It is well, 
before putting on the covers, to rub the 
furniture down with a good polish, as 
the heat is hard on the furniture finish. 
If the oil is well rubbed in there is 
little chance that it will blister or crack. 
(Continued on page 55) 




"The firs! flowers that can be gathered suc- 
cessfully for house decoration narcissus. 
Arrange them in a stand set in water for 
even the stems are beautiful 

I HAD a garden by the house, 
but I wanted another. Gar- 
deners always do ! This was to 
be for cut flowers a place where 
I could try out my experiments 
and have my fun and failures un- 
seen. I wanted, moreover, a gay 
garden all summer. 

A corner of the vegetable gar- 
den was taken a plot 64 feet by 
74 feet and laid out along the 
lines shown in the plan. The 
beds I dug over two feet deep, 
filled them with a foot of well- 
rotted cow manure and then layers 
of earth and manure, thus raising 
them well above the level to allow 
for settling. The center beds were 
edged with grass, the borders with 
brick, covered with edging plants 
to save space and labor. 

In the oval center bed I planted 
nine Madame Plantier roses, 
which were large enough to 
hide partly the beds from one 
another. In June they are a 
mass of small white roses. 
There is an added advantage 
in that they never suffer from 
blight and are perfectly hardy. 

On the south and west sides 
of the garden I stretched a 
wire fence and, in order not 
to take any space from my 
beds, planted outside of it 
rambler roses, Dorothy Per- 
kins and Northern Light, the 
last a dainty pink-and-white 
rose exceedingly attractive. 
Ramblers give no trouble, re- 
quiring only an annual cutting 
away of the dead wood ; more- 
over, they grow quickly and 
make a wonderful show in 
June. 

In the two borders by the 
wire fence I planted most of 




Miss Lingard, a white phlox, has two blooming seasons: starting early in 
June and blossoming three or four weeks, and again in July 

Making a Garden for 
Cut Flowers 

THE PROPER USE OF A GARDEN PLAN CON- 
TROLLING THE COLOR SCHEME THE FLOWERS 
THAT LAST BEST IN WATER P LANTI NG 
AGAINST FROST 

CORNELIA L. CLARKSON 



PBOCCON1A IRIS. 

CHRYSANTHEMUMS 

TUUPS POPPIES 

HESPERIS BELLIS PERENNIS 



MARIGOLDS 

ACHILLEA FLAXINELLA PHYSOSTIC1A 
fOROETMLNOTS VIKCI* PHLOX DIVAR1CATA 





By using a plan, space and labor were saved, the kinds were segregated 
color scheme more easily plotted and maintained 



ind th< 



China asters last well in water. During 
their culture watch for black beetles. 
Once past that stage, the blossoms are a 
well-won reward 

my perennials. They were gen- 
erally successful, save the holly- 
hocks, which became diseased. As 
there is no remedy for this plant 
sickness, I burnt the plants and 
sprayed the ground with Bordeaux 
Mixture. I will try them again in 
a couple of years. 

From May until frost my bor- 
ders are gay, first with tulips, 
arabis and little English daisies, 
Bellis perennis, quickly followed 
by columbines, Aquilegia, pyre- 
thrums, German iris and the old- 
fashioned gas plant, Dictamus 
Fraxinella Alba. The last should 
be better known ; it has a beautiful 
white flower in May and a good 
foliage all summer ; a slow grower, 
but when four or five years old it 
branches out and makes a hand- 
some bush. The pyrethrums, sin- 
gle and double, also last a long 
time. If the lower leaves are 
cut away they will not rot out, 
as often happens when the 
roots are too damp. The 
columbines are always a joy, 
lasting many weeks and being 
of many colors. The long- 
spurred variety generally die 
after a few years, but the 
short-spurred seem to live 
on indefinitely. The latter 
variety sow themselves, and 
many seedlings can be taken 
up in the autumn and given 
away, thus affording one the 
pleasures of helping other 
gardens and gardeners. Ger- 
man iris are or should be 
in every garden. To make 
them bloom more freely di- 
vide the clumps every three 
or four years. 

In June the tall delphiniums 
are at their height of beauty. 



18 



JULY, 1915 


HOI SK AND GARDKX 


19 



A self-contained flower, the delpliinium, if cut back when it 
goes to seed, it will send up new healthy shoots. In the same 
month coreopsis flowers. A hint as to winter care : do not cover 
them with manure, as it will kill them, 
a straw or leaf mulch is all they re- 
quire. On and off all summer the 
Pearl Achillea blooms. It is especially 
valuable for cutting. As it spreads 
like a weed, boards should be placed 
in the ground all around it. 

So that they might be tied securely, 
the dahlias were planted by the fence. 
Their culture is simple enough, al- 
though many gardeners play tricks 
with them often to their regret. 
Thus some cut out the middle stalk 
with the idea of getting more flowers 
and less foliage. I have not found 
this practical. If more than two stalks 
come from the bulb I cut them off 
at the ground. 

The poppies, sown in every empty 
space, bloom in July and August with 
the phlox. Of the many varieties of 
phlox the best I know is the early 
white Miss Lingard, which has huge 
flower heads, blooms early in June, 
lasts three or four weeks and flowers 
again in August. Of the salmon pinks 
the prettiest is the Elizabeth Camp- 
bell. 

In September the pink-and-white 
physostegia which, by the way, is an 
excellent cutting flower, lasting for 
days in water keeps gay the border 
of my garden. The dahlias, marigolds 
and chrysanthemums last until frost. 
As chrysanthemums seem to dislike wind, I have found it better 
to plant them in a sheltered spot. 

The four middle beds of my garden are largely for annuals. 
At first an annual bed is not pleasing, the seedlings seem scrawny 
until July. They should have been mixed with perennials, but 




The old-fashioned gas plant, Dictamus fraxinclla alba, should 
be better known. It has a beautiful white flower in May 
and a good foliage all summer 



keeping them separate proved convenient for cutting, so I bore 
with their appearances. 

The north and west beds are partly sheltered by old lilac bushes, 

so I planted my late white cosmos 
in them, and they are often saved 
from a first frost an excellent 
idea to remember if your garden hap- 
pens to have bushes and you wish to 
make your cosmos last as long as 
possible. 

The color scheme of the north bed 
is red and white with the white sup- 
plied in part by candidum lilies. As 
these are in a hot sunny spot they 
seem to thrive ; I cannot grow them 
satisfactorily in half shade. Red is 
given by scarlet salvia; and in the 
autumn, when the garden is turning 
brown, I am grateful for their brilliant 
color. 

Blue and white is the scheme of the 
east bed. My Dropmore Anchttsa has 
grown larger than any I've ever seen ; 
besides, it lasts from May to July. 
The Emperor William cornflowers are 
excellent for cutting, but they turn 
brown by July. Were it not for the 
fact that they seed themselves, I would 
not bother with them. In May the 
hardy lupines are beautiful. They 
make big plants four or five feet high. 
However, they also die down, so I 
plant the hardy blue salvia, Aznrea 
yrandiflora, in front to hide them. 

The south bed is principally for 
China asters, pink and white (Ameri- 
can Branching), and by August is a 
glorious sight. When the first buds come watch for black beetles. 
No amount of spraying will affect these. You must pick off by 
hand morning and night, and to make sure that they do not return 
drop them into oil or boiling water. The work is arduous, but if 
(Continued on page 55) 




When the Sweet William died down, a row of 
white petunias covered their place along the edge 



Madame Planlier roses, which filled the middle oval Together with pink tulips in the south bed was rock 
plot, were a mass of small white roses in June cress, Arabia albiJa, ihe double long-blooming variety 




A WALL space 
has either one 
of two functions 
to fulfill. It should 
be frankly deco- 
rative, and ?o 
treated that it be- 
comes a distinctly 
recognized fea- 
ture in determin- 
ing the character 
of a room, or else 
it should be re- 
garded as a back- 
ground and kept 
quiet and incon- 
spicuous to serve 
as a foil for 
whatever may be 
hung upon it or 
set against it. In 
either case a wall 
should never be 
allowed to ob- 
trude itself upon 
the eye or be- 
come oppressive 
to the occupants 
of the room. It 
is a mistake to 
try to combine the 

"decorative" and "background" func- 
tions, for no middle ground between 
these two extremes of treatment can 
be really successful or satisfying, 
and an attempt to carry out such a 
combination an attempt oftentimes 
unconsciously or thoughtlessly made 
is primarily responsible for many 
of the failures in wall management 
that we see all too frequently. 

Having realized clearly the several 
functions of a wall and having de- 
termined which treatment is prefer- 
able for any particular case under 
consideration, it remains to choose 
the manner of making from a num- 
ber of possibilities about to be 
enumerated. It is important to de- 
cide the "decorative" or "back- 
ground" question first ; for some wall 
surfaces, once made and appropri- 
ately furnished, do not readily lend 
themselves to being changed from 
one classification to the other. 

Walls may be wainscoted or cov- 
ered with wood either wholly or in 
part, and this wood casing may be 
either plain or paneled. In the same 
way walls may be tiled either partly 





Three elements are represented here: a plastered wall, papered in a neutral tone, a paneled wainscot, and a 
ceiling-high paneling over the fireplace end of the room an effective treatment, decorative in itself 

Structure and Decoration of Walls 

PANELING PLASTER CONCRETE TILE BURLAP HOW EACH IS 
MOST EFFECTIVELY USED THE COSTS PICTURE MOULDING AND 

PLATE RAILS 

HAROLD DONALDSON EBERLEIN 




If tinted in a color harmonizing with the woodwork, the plastered 
wall needs little decoration. Here the lines of the windows and 
the stair add sufficient interest 



or over their 
whole surface. 
Last of all, they 
may be plastered 
either in part or 
in their full ex- 
tent. The combi- 
nations and diver- 
sities that may be 
derived from 
these basal meth- 
ods of treatment 
yield a wide va- 
riety of rich and 
interesting possi- 
bilities. 

Nothing is 
more suitable for 
walls, nothing is 
more fit for 
their adornment, 
nothing affords a 
greater or more 
agreeable variety 
for their treat- 
ment, than wood. 
Whether the man- 
ner of execution 
be exceedingly 
simple or highly 
ornate, the natu- 
ral beauty of wood, imparted by 
color and grain, makes it a material 
always desirable for interior finish. 
Even when the wood is entirely cov- 
ered with paint its wholesomeness 
of surface and texture can still be 
seen and felt. Wood, furthermore, 
possesses the advantage of being 
easily worked and readily adaptable 
to a diversity of treatments. 

If a wall is to be wainscoted its 
full height from floor to ceiling 
there is no occasion for plastering it 
first, if it be a partition. The studs 
on which the laths would be nailed 
for a plastered wall will serve as a 
supporting framework or backing 
for the wainscot, which will be 
nailed directly to it. Just how close 
together the studs must be will de- 
pend on the character of the wain- 
scot and the size of the panels used, 
but in any case they should be clo s e 
enough two or two and a half feet' 
apart to make the work thoroughly 
stiff and rigid. If the wall is an out- 
side wall, however, it should be first" 
plastered, with the brown and 
scratch coats laid on lathing nailed 



20 



I9IS 



HOUSE AND r.AKDKN 



to the furring strips in the usual man- 
ner. This should be done as a protec- 
tion from excess of dampness, which, 
in addition to being unhealthy and un- 
comfortable, is bound to work havoc 
with the wainscot. When walls are 
thus plastered "grounds" must be 
nailed horizontally to the furring strips. 
These "grounds" project through the 
plaster coat and afford a support to 
which the wainscot is fastened. To be 
properly spaced the design and meas- 
urements of the paneling ought to be 
known beforehand. The same general 
method of construction will apply to 
walls that are partly wainscoted and 
partly plastered. 

The pattern of the paneling will de- 
pend entirely upon personal taste and 
the guidance of architectural precedent 
and tradition. Each architectural mode 
of expression has its own peculiar and 
well recognized styles of paneling and 
its own strongly characteristic molding 
profiles and dimensions. A detailed dis- 
cussion of these, however, belongs to a 
specific architectural treatise and can 
only be alluded to in this place. It will 
be germane to the purpose, however, 
to observe that the panels, of whatever 
shape they be, are small, with numerous 
stiles and rails (the uprights and cross 
pieces) in Tudor and Stuart architec- 
ture, while in the Queen Anne and 

Georgian types the stiles and rails become fewer, though broader, 
and the panels far larger, the moldings, at the same time, fre- 
quently being bolder in profile, more prominent in projection 
and heavier. 

The woods in general use for wain- 
scot and paneling purposes are oak, 
chestnut, cypress, red gum, sweet gum, 
butternut, walnut, white pine and pop- 
lar. The cost of paneling per square 
foot will necessarily depend on the 
kind of wood used and the style of 
panel, which will involve various 
amounts of labor according to the par- 
ticular pattern adopted. An approxi- 
mate idea of cost may be gained, how- 
ever, from the prices of lumber. At 
the date of writing, March, 1915, these 
prices per square foot are : Plain white 
oak, 6 l /4 cents ; quartered white oak, 10 
cents ; chestnut, 4 to $ l / 2 cents ; cypress, 
3 to 5 l /i cents; red gum, $y 2 cents; 
sweet gum, 5^ cents; butternut, 6 l / 2 
to 1 1 cents ; American walnut, 14 cents ; 
pine, 7 to 9 cents; poplar, 4^ to 6 
cents ; mahogany, \6 l / 2 cents. 

These prices are subject to varia- 
tions contingent upon locality and the 
fluctuations of supply and demand and 
are quoted mainly to show the present 
relative values of the different woods. 
It is important to state also that the 
prices quoted refer to i-inch stock, 




A novel trealmenl filling for a room of ihis lype hollow lite walli and floor laid in wide bonding. It howi 
also ihe foundation for plastered or paneled walls in hollow tilt houses 

which can be worked down to give a finished panel % of an inch 
thick. While much of the old paneling was considerably thinner, 
it must be borne in mind that it was much easier for the old 
joiners than for our modern carpenters to come by well-seasoned 




i 



For kitchens, laundries and bathrooms glazed tile a the best trealmenl. Have the tiles set close together to 
avoid any roughness from cement joints. The cost is not necessarily prohibitive 



22 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JULY, 1915 



lumber. It is therefore advisable to allow for a %-inch finished can compare with time and atmosphere. Good wood just let 

panel to prevent warping and cracking, unless one can be abso- alone assumes with each additional year a greater beauty of tone 

lutely positive that he is getting well-seasoned or kiln-dried and character a tone and character that no application can give, 

lumber, in which case he might risk a %-inch panel worked "" ----'-'- 



from ^-inch stock. As it is well nigh impossible to get such 
lumber, it is safer to allow for the i-inch stock. Stiles and rails 
should be %-inch thick worked from inch stock or, better still, 
ij/g-inch thick, work from Ij4-inch stock. The latter thick- 
ness is especially advisable if the moldings surrounding the 
panels are bold and deep in profile. Even when well-seasoned 
wood is used, it is much more 
advisable and safer to have 
the panels laminated, that is 
to say, built up of three, five 
or seven thin layers, glued 
together with the "way" of 
the grain reversed in the ad- 
jacent layer. This is the only 
way to ensure against warp- 
ing and splitting. For the 
small Stuart paneling the 
laminated panels should be l /2 
inch thick. For large Geor- 
gian panels an inch thick is 
better. 

The observations just noted 
apply particularly to paneling 
in which the natural grain 
and color of the wood form 
an essential part of the deco- 
rative calculations. Where the 
paneling is to be covered with 
paint a lighter construction 
may be used, although, on 
general principles, the more 
staunchly built work is pref- 
erable. This lighter construc- 
tion may have thin panels of 
poplar, laminated panel board 
(three or five thin layers of 
wood glued together with the 
"way" of the grain running in 
contrary directions to prevent 
warping and cracking), or 
some sort of compo board set 
within stiles and rails of pine 
or poplar. Poplar has the 
advantage of not requiring a 
preliminary coat of shellac, as does pine, to prevent the resinous 
sap from working through and staining the paint. 

Too much care cannot be expended on the quality of the 
joinery, if paneling is to be staunch and present a permanently 
satisfactory appearance, free from pulling and buckling. The 
wood must be carefully selected for quality, color, grain and 
seasoning and stiles and rails must be mortised and tenoned 
together and fastened with wooden pins. In the finishing of 
panel work our modern artisans use entirely too much sandpaper. 
The surface of the wood is sanded down to an unsympathetic 
mechanical hardness that destroys all the traces of craftsmanship. 
Sandpaper is used to cover a multitude of sins. For instance, 
if a mitre joint of a molding does not fit very well it is sand- 
papered smooth and the dust pushed into the crack. That even- 
tually tumbles out and leaves an ugly, gaping joint. 




If burlap, crash, canvas or muslin is used, hang the fabric loose enough to show 
that it is a fabric. Otherwise it might just as well be a piece of paper 



The trouble with us is that we are too impatient for results and 
spoil natural processes by our haste. In one or two important 
public places paneling has recently been left entirely to the 
action of time and atmosphere and even within a brief period 
the result has begun to justify the course adopted. In old 
Quaker meeting houses, and in several other old buildings, the 
writer has seen woodwork of white pine that has never been 

touched with paint, polish or 
stain since it was put in place 
more than a hundred years 
ago, and nothing could sur- 
pass the mellow beauty of its 
rich golden brown. 

If the owner of the paneling 
cannot possess his soul in 
patience and wait for the fin- 
ger of Time to do its match- 
less work, he may use a little 
boiled linseed oil to feed the 
wood and a mixture of wax 
and turpentine to get such 
polish as he requires, but it 
seems almost a profanation 
and sacrilege and an injustice 
to the wood itself to distort 
its appearance and character 
with fillers and stains an3 
chemical fumes and all sorts 
of polishes that often disguise 
the underlying qualities com- 
pletely. Some of the fuming 
and staining processes, of 
course, produce perfectly sa- 
tisfactory results and are not 
at all to be condemned, but a 
great many altogether overdo 
the matter and spoil the re- 
sult. So that it is necessary 
to be discriminating and cau- 
tious in choosing. 

An effective low wainscot 
without panels may be made 
from carefully matched ver- 
tical boards tongued and 
grooved or held in place by 

a sliding tongue. The joints may either be plain or marked by a 
fine beading. The top of such wainscot is finished by a cap 
molding. This wainscot may either be painted or left in its 
natural condition. 

When paint is to be used on wainscot or paneling the surface 
should be sandpapered absolutely smooth. It will always pay in 
the end to put on a number of thin coats, letting each dry thor- 
oughly and rubbing it down with oil and pumice before apply- 
ing the next, rather than one or two thick coats. In painting 
wainscot or paneling, particularly in houses of Georgian style, 
there is no reason for adhering absolutely to white. Gray and 
other colors can be used with excellent effect and have ample 
historic precedent. 

While it is not usual to consider tiles as one of the possibilities 
for covering mural surfaces in dwelling houses, particularly in 



_-,. _ . O l ** VV *"***fi mjHOV^Oj LfCli l.\_. l-l lti 1 ' 

further processes of "natural" finishing, fuming, staining houses of average size and moderate cost, it is worth while to 



and polishing, showing the grain and some sort of color may 
be all very well for getting a quick result, but none of them 



call attention to one manner in which it is feasible to employ 
(Continued on page 46) 



Efficiency in the Flower Garden 

THE INSECTS THAT ATTACK THE GARDEN NOW AND HOW TO FIGHT THEM DISEASE 
AND DROUGHT SUMMER PRUNING THE DUST MULCH AND CONSERVATION OF MOISTURE 



F. F. ROCKWELL 



THE different troubles to which the flower garden is sub- 
ject are not generally known as those attacking vege- 
tables. Moreover, they are not so easy to get at. The vegetable 
garden, laid out in straight rows with foot room between, and 
with each thing by itself, makes an ideal battleground for an 
attack on the enemy. In the flower garden exactly the reverse 
exists. Furthermore, in the flower garden one is somewhat 
restricted as to the weapons he may use. If arsenate of lead 
or Bordeaux mixture leaves the potato patch or the rows of 
beans streaked or discolored, or if kerosene emulsion used against 
the pea lice or tobacco dust used on the melons 
causes a disagreeable odor there is no serious objec- 
tion. But it is, of course, desirable to keep the foli- 
age of flowers clean and green and to 
avoid disagreeable smells about the 
house. For this reason, in 
place of the standard 
sprays, it is often desirable 
to use substitutes which, 
not perhaps as effective, 
are free from some of the 
undesirable qualities. 

The first and most im- 
portant step in carrying on 
a successful fight is to di- 
agnose correctly the trou- 
ble. Some of the most 
powerful remedies are ab- 
solutely ineffectual against 
certain kinds of bugs and 
spores. The treatment 
must be adapted to the dis- 
ease. The troubles most 
likely to be encountered 
may be considered in three 
general classes the eating 
insects, the sucking insects, 
and parisitical diseases In 
addition to these there are 
sometimes encountered 
root grubs, borers and con- 
stitutional diseases. But 
in nineteen cases out of 
twenty, the trouble with a 
plant in the flower garden 
will be found to belong to 
one of the three classes 
first mentioned. 

The eating insects are 
the most general and the 
easiest to identify. They 
work, however, in many different ways. Some eat the leaves 
as they go ; others chew or cut out holes ; others merely skeleton- 
ize the leaf by chewing off the "skin" and leaving the frame- 
work, often working from below, so that often a great deal of 
damage is done before their presence is discovered. Still others, 
like the rose bug and the aster beetle, seem to take special delight 
in working on the buds and flowers themselves and in seeing 




Having diagnosed the plant disease, waste no time in getting at the source of trouble with 
spray; meantime feed the plant to strengthen it against attack 



how many they can ruin in a long working day. There are two 
methods in treating this type of intruder ; the first is to put them 
out of business with an internal poison applied on the leaves, so 
that they take it along with their daily bread ; the second is to 
gather them by hand and destroy them. In the flower garden 
the latter method has several advantages ; and where only a few 
plants are to be cared for anyone who has given it a fair trial 
will be quite likely to make use of it. Rose bugs, aster beetles 
and some of the worms and other bugs usually appear first as 
matured specimens ; while quite active and hard to get on warm 
days, they are usually sluggish and dopey in the cool of the 
morning, and it is then not a very long task to rid the plants 
of them thoroughly if one is provided with the proper 
equipment: a wooden handle about two feet or so 
in length fastened to an old skillet or a large tin can. 
The can should be about half filled with 
a mixture of kerosene and water. A 
paddle about 18 inches long and of con- 
venient shape can be readily 
whittled out ; this should have a 
sharp point at one. end. With 
this equipment the bugs 
Jf can be very rapidly ga- 

thered in. 

Where spraying is pre- 
ferred, however, there are 
a number of poisons to 
choose from ; Paris green, 
for many years the favor- 
ite, has to a large extent 
been superseded by arsen- 
ate of lead, which can be 
applied either as a wet 
spray, or may be procured 
in the powder form ; the 
latter is equally as effec- 
tive and less conspicuous. 
Apply in the dust form 
when the foliage is dry. A 
powder gun should be used 
so that the under as well 
as the upper surface of the 
leaves can be covered. Ar- 
senate of lead is particu- 
larly valuable where pro- 
tection is needed for a con- 
siderable time. For inter- 
mittent use hellebore, which 
will wash off at the first 
rain, and is not so dan- 
gerous to use near the 
house, may be applied. Tobacco dust, while not a poison, is very 
obnoxious to most insects and is usually effective in keeping them 
from reappearing. 

The sucking insects are much harder to control. The various 
forms of aphids or plant lice and scale, and the newly hatched 
young of the white fly and the squash bug belong to this class. 
(Continued on page 48) 





Gardens 



THE RESULT OF A COMMUNITY ENDEAVOR TO REVIVE THE PAST 
GLORY OF A COLONIAL TOWN GARDENS ON HILLSIDES 



A 



A vista through one of the terraced gardens showing 
the box bordered path and the pool 



GARDEN 
in connec- 
tion with a wall 
calls up visions 
of restricted areas 
at the rear of city 
houses, where 
things grow in a 
halting way sur- 
rounded by walls 
that are high, dis- 



colored, unsightly. 
Wholly unlike 
these is the wall 
of smooth - faced 
brick in soft 
bronze - red, witfi 
its slender coping 
of brown, which 
incloses one of the 
most interesting of 
old Kingston's 
many beautiful 
gardens. 

Along the top 
of the wall little 
steps at rather long 
intervals brealt 
what, without 
them, would be a 
hard line. This 
tends to make it a 
perfect background 
for the vines and 
high-growing flow- 
ers which more 
than half conceal 
it. 

An authority 
suggests that a 
garden should be 
placed at the side 
and a little back of 
the house, and this 
is so placed. Passing down a few shallow steps ivy embroidered 
at the edges then along a path which divides the rose garden, 
and down more shallow steps of gray stone, one is in the garden. 
In planning it, the pivotal idea was a room out-of-doors. 

Co-ordinate with this idea of a room is what mav be called a 




The combination of brick path and rustic furnishings 

Around the pool are 



A. VAN HOESEN WAKEMAN 

rug of grass soft, thick and fine as velvet bordered widely by 
flowers that cover all the space within the wall, save at the center. 
Here the flowery border curves in toward the wall, leaving an 
open space on either side of a pool, where are placed graceful 
white slat seats. 

With no perceptible motion the water goes in and out of the 
pool in a way which keeps it wholesome for the fish, which, like 
splashes of gold, move about in it, and yet the lilies, "the lotus 
of the North," which lie on its surface, and flourish only in still 
water, put forth opulent blossoms in their season. The border 
about this pool is exceptionally interesting. It is not of the water 

plants commonly 
used, but is of 
sweet alyssum in- 
termingled with the 
cool blue of agera- 
tum. These are not 
only charming as a 
border but effec- 
tively carry out the 
composition of this 
garden room, 
where recurring 
notes of white hold 
all together in a 
way that shows the 
unities have been 
carefully consi- 
dered in its ar- 
rangement. 

The flowery bor- 
der of the big grass 
rug it is about six 
feet wide, and if it 
were straight its 
length would be 
about three hun- 
dred feet is held 
to the grass by a 
broad fillet of 
sweet alyssum. 
There are white 
flowers among the 
others which grow 
high against the wall, where the Dorothy Perkins rose, holly- 
hocks and delphenium are dominant. These, with the flowers in 
the border, blend quite as do the colors in a fine oriental rug. 
It is easy to see that this border is made np of rare kinds of 
familiar flowers. There are petunias, for instance, the big white 



make this pivotal point a veritable 
weet alyssum and ageratum 



garden living-room. 



1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 










.s , 

;:*. >. *<< 




:, 

fa, 
* 






The border in this garden is made up of familiar flowers petunias, dahlias, 
mainly with a sweet alyssum edging 

"Snow Storm," fringed at the edges and with yellow throats; 
eccentric dahlias, which have a single whorl of slender, dark 
red, velvety petals, with a yellow fluted panuelo of smaller ones 
about a head of pale-green transparent scales. There are many 
other well-known flowers, which are so transformed as to seem 
like the faces of old friends grown beautiful almost beyond 
recognition. 

One may see these, but for the most part the superb view 
beyond them, including the quaint old town known as Round- 
out, before it became a part of Kingston, the Catskill and the 
Hudson, so completely challenge the attention that the near- 
at-hand is not much noted. 

As unlike this wall-bounded little area of beauty as two 
things of the same kind can well be, is a garden devoted almost 
exclusively to perennials. This garden has been made to fit 
at least it does fit in the nicest way the plain, staid old house 
to which it belongs. Still, though it is in a way old-fashioned, 
it is very much up-to-date as to the flowers grown and the way 
in which they are cultivated. 

Between the seed beds and the high-standing, self-contained 
house is a clooryard in which, scattered about in a happy-go- 
lucky fashion in the grass, are snowdrops, each shrub leading 
an independent life in a little pool of black earth. These seem 
to express the motive of the whole garden, where all is helped 




Through this rustic pergola seat you pass down to the second terrace, as shown in 
the farther corner of the illustration on the page opposite 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



fULY, 1915 



to make lusty normal growth and nothing 
is forced or artificial, and, together with 
the wide acres extending back from it, 
constitute "The Manor Farm." The 
Slide and Overlook mountains, seem- 
ingly near, and the whole atmosphere of 
freedom and space, make this garden 
at any time unusual, and especially so 
when the blooming season is at its height. 

In late June, July and August the 
perennials here are at their best. It is 
during these months that Canterbury 
Bells, white and in all shades of pink, 
purple and blue, and foxgloves in all 
colors, so rejoice the eye that one is 
ready to declare that they are the queens 
of all flowers though when the Japan- 
ese iris is in bloom a new conclusion is 
reached. 

In this garden this beautiful iris is 
grown in great masses. It is in every 
shade of purple and heliotrope and in 
white. The white, opulent in size and 
fairy-like in its delicacy, is especially 
beautiful. In its big bed white and 
colored in solid phalanxes this iris in 
full bloom is not unlike a great company 
of unusual orchids. True, it does not 
blossom for more than a month or six 
weeks; but even so its beauty is a joy to 
recall and to look forward to all the rest 
of the year. 

As all familiar with its culture know, it is not counted quite 
easy to raise Japanese iris from the seed, but that it can be 
successfully done, and with no very great difficulty, has been 
demonstrated here. The plants are expensive, while the seed is 
not, and if sown in drills, in proper soil, and kept well wet down, 
the result is all that can be desired. It must have, several times 
each week, a thorough drenching; in fact, the soil should not 
be permitted to become really dry at any time, since it halts 
growth and often prevents successful bloom. 





The garden of "The Manor Farm" is devoted to perennials an old-fashioned corner care- 
fully maintained in which many interesting flower experiments are Iried 



Here the terraces are tied together by a ribbon of flowers that, were it made straight, would be an eighth of a 
mile long. Zinnias, phlox, larkspur, delphinium, and a host of others are included in it 

The cost of such a perennial garden as this is really negligible, 
and the work required to keep it in order is much less than in 
making and caring for an ordinary garden. Of course, it is the 
personal equation which counts to know what to do and how 
to do it in this as in other things. Such a garden can be man- 
aged without a gardener this one was a sheep pasture and has 
been made the thing of beauty it is by its owner, with the occa- 
sional assistance of a workman and the good offices of a little 
Griffon terrier. When a plague of moles threatened to undo all 
that had been done, the terrier took a hand that is, if a 
dog can be said to take a hand and the moles were 
vanquished. 

The owner of this garden has made some interesting 
and successful experiments. This she has done by becom- 
ing en rapport, as it were, with her flowers in her intimate 
work among them her sole reason, as she states it, for 
having a garden being her love for flowers and her pleasure 
in being with them. One simple and interesting experiment 
she has made is in deferring the bloom of certain flowers 
for a month or more by carefully taking off the buds as 
soon as they appear. She states that the retarded blossoms 
were as opulent and profuse as those which matured at the 
usual time. 

As unusual as is this perennial garden, or the one which 
is walled in, are two which are terraced and held together 
by such a ribbon as never yet was woven. If its waving 
curves, along the edge of the first terrace, were made 
straight, it would be nearly, if not quite, an eighth of a 
mile long. In it are an uncountable number of zinnias. 
These, in all the pastel shades, form the ground. Em- 
broidered on these, in dottings and groupings, are Phlox 
Drummondi in all the new varieties primrose, salmon- 
pink with red eyes, shades of lilac, pink striped with white 
and others which are unusual. As the heads of these are 



HOUSK AND GARDKX 



broken off as soon as they bloom, they continue to put forth of a vertical cliff which makes a barrier of sheer beauty there. 



flowers the season through. There is annual larkspur in the 
various shades of its familiar blue, and in pink and white, and 



At one end of each of these terraces are roses. Many of these 
are blooming and fragrant in late September. In the pool, at the 



also the larger varieties; the perennial delphinium in all these center of the lower terrace, the pink lotus, Nelumbium Speciosum, 



colors. There are columbines, asters of every hue, Sweet Wil- 
liams, pinks, marigolds, such as our grandmothers never would 
have recognized ; poppies, flaunting their silken petals here and 
there ; Love-in-a-mist, Nigella, opulent yet coy in its veil of green, 
and many other flowers which make this blooming ribbon a 
wonder of variety, and of beautifully blended colors. Along its 
entire length is a broad band of sweet alyssum. This, together 
with Baby's Breath, Gypsophila, gives the fragrance which is 




Those difficult problems presented by the garden on a hillside have been successfully solved in this instance: brick 
walks and ha-has supporting the embankments and each terrace developed individually 

the one virtue the zinnia lacks. 

As the ribbon connects these two 
terraced gardens, in a way, tall, native 
pines nine of them, stately and old, 
though by no means gray stand guard 
above them at one side. And yet the 
two gardens are quite separate and 
unlike. In the first, midway between 
the majestic pine trees and the opposite 
boundary, the ribbon is interrupted by 
a rose-twined, rustic entrance to the 
garden below. Passing this there is 
first a grassy terrace, then another, 
box-bordered, and devoted to tall-grow- 
ing flowers mallows, Physostega, cos- 
mos and hollyhocks. On the next level 
is a fern-bordered pool, another ribbon 
of flowers, more box borders these 
thrifty low borders of box are a special 
feature of this garden as well as a 
high rustic rose screen along the edge 



and also white water lilies flourish. Here are rustic seats, and 
from them one sees the town below the cliff, the Hudson and 
the Berkshires, and through the guarding pines glimpses of the 
Catskills. 

The other of the two ribboned gardens has a distinct indi- 
viduality. Gardens, as do people, have atmospheres, auras, if 
you will, which are all their own. This one gives the impression 
of a charming living-room. Flowers are everywhere in this 

garden, with the exception of the slop- 
ing side of one terrace, where grass 
divides the flowers like a bit of verdant 
hillside. Even the perpendicular stone 
wall of the lower terrace is covered 
with flowers. First, ampelopsis, grow- 
ing along its base, covers it in the wax- 
it has of covering a wall. Its soft shades 
of varying green make a perfect back- 
ground for the ramblers in different 
colors embroidered on it. These last 
hold themselves in place by clinging to 
wire so fine as to be almost invisible, 
stretched along the wall a little distance 
out from the ampelopsis. When the 
ramblers have finished blooming the 
starry blossoms and fairy green foliage 
of clematis take their place, and are an 
attractive setting for the rose garden 
below. 

In the center of the broad lower ter- 
race a fountain tinkles and rhymes, as 
it falls into a pool bordered with ferns, 
ivy and dwarf iris, which half conceal 
its cobblestone rim. This garden, while 
not remote, is hidden from the house. 
Also, as one must pass through a rustic 
rose-roofed entrance, go down a little 
flight of brick stairs, along a box- 
bordered walk and down another flight 
of stairs to reach the rustic seats, it is 
really secluded and near to nature. 




For a small garden on a hillside no treatment is more effective: a wall affording both pr 
diate background, a pool and garden furniture, intimacy and diversion 



vacy and an imme- 





x-A ^ 

Garden 



C v , , 

Shrubbery 

^j <~j 



A FALL RIVER PROPERTY IN 
WHICH THE VARIOUS PORTIONS 
OF THE GARDEN WERE SEGRE- 
GATED ACCORDING TO THEIR 
USE PRAY, HUBBARD & WHITE, 
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS 

E L S A R E II M A N N 



Planned after the English manner of using the ground intensively, this sketch shows how a portion was given 
to each kind of garden activity and the divisions separated by shrubbery boundaries 

WITH an inborn knowledge of garden art and land economy, 
an Englishman makes an intensive use of his ground. 
He invariably divides it, no matter how small the plot, into little 
parcels with well-established boundaries for each part. This is 
done to segregate the various portions, according to their use, 
and to create a diversified interest in his small property. The 
same principle appealed strongly to the owner of this small place, 
and it was this idea that he brought to the landscape architect 
to Americanize and rearrange to fit certain personal needs. 

The ground in front of the house is developed into a shrub- 
bery and tree-bounded lawn, thoroughly simple in keeping with 
the informal and semi-suburban character of a Fall River street. 
Two elm trees stand on either side of the entrance and a shrub- 
bery border extends along the 
entire street front of the prop- 
erty. This shrubbery is high 
enough that you can stand un- 
noticed on the lawn, and low 
enough to allow from the en- 
trance porch a view of the Fall 
River Harbor. 

This view is a wonderful 
asset to the property. On the 
sloping land just across the 
street crop out gray rock 
ledges overgrown with bay- 
berry, sweet fern and wild 
roses. Below is the harbor, be- 
yond it the checker-board, parti- 
colored fields of Rhode Island, 
framed by the low hills of Con- 
necticut, all blue and gray in 
the distance. The omission of 
the planting along the street 
would have given a broader 

and barer view of the harbor, , n fron , of , he house a shrubbery and tree . boundcd lawn . Two elms sland on 
but a more restricted outlook border extcnds a]ong |he street front 



through the leafy frame of shrubs and 
the arching elm branches is much more 
pleasing. 

It was essential to plant, not only 

boundary plantations, but borders along the foundation walls of 
the house. This is often a difficult problem. The composition 
of such a shrubbery generally depends upon the house facade 
and must subordinate itself to the window arrangement, so that 
spreading branches will not encroach upon them and their light. 
The difficulty was eliminated here, as a balustraded and unroofed 
porch, resembling a terrace, which runs along the whole front of 
the house, allows the use of a continuous shrubbery border along 
its entire width. Japanese barberry and rugosa roses are planted 
in groups on either side of the porch steps a familiar but always 
welcome combination. The looser habit of rugosa roses helps to 
soften the compactness of the barberry growth, and the barberry, 
in its turn, hides the leggy growth that the rugosa roses are apt 




side of the entrance and a shrubbery 



28 



Jn.v, 


1915 


HOUSE 


AND 


(IARDKN 


g 



to acquire. Red rambler roses grow over the balustrading, their 
bright colors enlivening the white house. Rose climbers are 
especially good for such position because their branches fall in 
scattered graceful sprays and do not hide completely the design 
of the balustrading. To emphasize the architectural symmetry 
of the house the ramblers are planted on each side of the en- 
trance. In front of each rose group the low spreading Spini-a 
Anthony Waterer, with broad, flat, flower clusters, is grow- 
ing, the two blooming at the same time. The red of the ramblers 
and the rose color of the spinea make a curiously effective and 
unusual color harmony. Tall Loniccra tartarica, already fruiting 
at the time the spiraeas are blooming, are planted in a bold mass 
at the northwest corner of the house. They form a high accent, 
good for a corner which is apt to be a bare and windowless 
wall space. The group curves out from the house toward the 
north boundary, where a privet hedge and a solid row of maple 
trees on the neighbor's lot form a strong high screen. There 
is a break in the shrubbery to allow a grass path to meander 
through it, connecting lawn with kitchen entrance. As it is 
not a real path but only a short cut, the branches of the shrubs 
are allowed almost to meet and merely suggest the break. Van 
Houtte spiraeas make an emphatic high spot on the southwest 
corner of the house to balance the loniceras on the other side. 
They are planted also along the south side of the house wher- 
ever they do not obstruct the windows. To be quite certain 
that the line of green is not broken, however, Etionyinus japonica 
clambers up the foundation walls under the windows. 

The lawn of this enclosed front yard is an uninterrupted 
grass space with no disturbing shrub or tree to break its full 
extent. This is one of the surest ways of gaining an impression 
of size for a small lot. The very fact that the lawn is enclosed 
hides from it all the outside objects which might dwarf it by 
comparison in scale. Moreover, it makes one understand that 
a glimpse of the house through trees, of the doorway through 
frames of green, gives a more pleasing impression of a building 
than a bare and uninterrupted view. It makes one realize that 
frames of trees and shrubs turn bare hot expanses of grass into 
shadowed and secluded lawns. It makes one comprehend the 
meaning of the English walled or hedged gardens and appreciate 
the desirability and advantages of the privacy thus attained. 

The ground back of the house is divided into four parts. 





Japanese barberry and rugosa roses are planted on either side of the porch steps. Red ramblers grow over the balus- 
trading; in front of each rose group a Spirtta Anthony Waterer 



The simplest kind of a flower garden narrow beds bordering a brick path. When 
the lattice is covered, this will make a secluded garden walk 

Through the center of the lot runs a flower-bordered path which 
terminates in the vegetable garden. Relegated to the north side 
of the lot, to be near the kitchen, are laundry yard, garage, am<> 
run and turn-around arranged in a closely related and efficient 
group. On the south side is a small rectangle called the orchard. 
Enclosed by vine-covered fences, lattice screens, free-growing 
shrubbery or clipped hedges, each subdivision can be treated as 

a part by itself and concentrate 
upon itself all the interest of the 
moment. Each is an important 
and separate factor, but having 
its appropriate share in the de- 
velopment of the property as an 
organized whole. 

The garage is connected with 
the house. Many interesting 
problems in house building and 
ground development are now 
arising through the desire of 
weaving house and garage into 
one architectural composition. It 
will do away with the many, 
and for the most part, ugly little 
outbuildings, which spoil so 
many small suburban properties 
where garage and auto run seem 
to monopolize all garden ground. 
The strong concrete firewall be- 
tween house and garage so 
diminishes fire risks that insur- 
ance companies make no extra 



rates for such construction. 



1 i 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN" 


Jn.v. 


i. ,15 



The laundry yard is a narrow space between the garage and 
the lattice screen of the flower garden. The auto run, with an 
exit to the back street, is a pleasant tunnel under maple and 
fruit trees and arch overhead. The turn-around, or court, is 
bounded by hedges and high 
fences completely hidden 
under rampant honeysuckle 
vines. 

The so-called orchard has 
four dwarf apple trees and 
one dwarf pear tree, which, 
with several fruit trees in the 
vegetable garden, yield a very 
presentable harvest for a 
small place and a small family. 
Its space has other uses: it 
has trial ground for rose- 
growing, and a swing and im- 
provised tent show the nucleus 
of a playground. A clipped 
hedge separates it from the 
flower border. The east and 
south sides are enclosed by 
shrubbery borders. The 
shrubs are planted in straight 
rows, but the difference in 
their habits of growth and in 




The contrast here between the decorative 1 
screen the garage, shows a false note that 



the spread of their branches 
gives the appearance of an irregular plantation. On the west 
side a lattice divides the orchard from the lawn. Many might 
omit this dividing line and lose thereby an interesting effect. 
The open gate in the lattice provides a little view of the lawn 
enclosed by the trees of the street boundary. This little vista, 
this tiny glimpse into the lawn, excites a curiosity to see what 
there is of interest outside the direct line of vision. 



The flower garden consists of narrow flower beds bordering a 
brick path. It is the simplest kind of a flower garden. The 
lattice on the north side (which was designed to continue the 
full length of the garden instead of the poor iron substitute) 

and the hedge on the south 
side form backgrounds which, 
in time, will make it into a 
secluded garden walk. 

It is a modern requirement 
of a garden that it be placed 
in close connection with the 
living portion of the house. 
Sometimes the living-room 
windows open upon the gar- 
den, sometimes the garden 
centers on the doorway of a 
central hall, sometimes, as in 
this case, it is a continuation 
of a small living-porch at the 
back of the house. A garden 
so placed becomes a necessary 
and integral part of the home. 
With the development of a 
garden in such close relation- 
ship with the house will come 
also a better understanding 
of the fact that the back 
or garden faqade of the 
house is worthy of better designing. 

Unfortunately for the picture, various misfortunes, especially 
the hard winter of 1913, make the garden look bare. It is one 
of the prime requisites of a small perennial border that it is 
crowded with plants. In a small garden it is well to remember 
several points in making a choice of flowers. Plants should be 
(Continued on page 50) 



attice and its poor iron substitute, which 
only a good vine growth can overcome 




Between the fro.1 Uwn and the orchard stand, tfu, screen. The effect u,teresting. Through the ope. gate can be caught . ghmpse of the dwarf fru,t trees, rose 
garden and playground. A clipped hedge separates, in turn, the orchard from the lower-bordered path 



Your Saturday A 






SUMMER PLANTING WATER AND IRRIGATION CULTIVATING TO HOLD MOISTURE 

D. R. EDSON 



JULY is the test month for the gardener. He 
who sticks to his guns, or rather his wheel- 
hoe and sprayer, through the first attack of 90- 
degrees-in-the-shade weather will reap his re- 
ward in autumn and winter. The Saturday after- 
noons in July are likely to be scorching hot and 
drenched with thunder storms but the late after- 
noons are light and often cool enough to be very 
comfortable for work. And most of the 
work in the garden at this season is such 
that it can be done piecemeal. 

The important jobs in July are sum- 
mer transplanting, planting succession 
crops that can still be put in, and main- 
taining the soil supply of water by cul- 
tivation and, where necessary, by arti- 
ficial watering or irrigation. 

In spring transplanting there is not 
much loss in getting a late start, as con- 
ditions are often unfavorable and the 
plants to be set out are developing faster 

in the frames than they would be outdoors. In summer, how- 
ever, it is well to get the transplanting done as soon as the plants 
are large enough and the ground can be made ready. If the soil 
is very dry and it is impossible to get water while transplanting 
it is sometimes advisable to wait for a good rain. The seeds 
of cabbages, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, endive and late toma- 
toes, sown as suggested in last month's article, will be ready early 
in July to be shifted to their various permanent places. If the 
plants are growing fast it is a good plan to cut back the leaves 
slightly when they are three or four weeks old to keep them stock)', 
This, of course, does 
^not apply to tomatoes. 
Tbe seedling plants 
should have been 
thinned out so that 
each on\has sufficient 
room to\evelop. If 
this has noW>een at- 
tended to, o&yit at 
once, even if you ex- 
pect to t ransplant 
within a week or 
so. If insect pests 
threaten do not fail 
to keep the seedlings 
well sprinkled with 
tobacco dust and, if 
necessary, spray with 
arsenate of lead in 




A seedling cabbage ready to be planted out in the row. 
Note how the outside leaves are cut back 




Two distinct types of late cabbage: to the left late Dutch. Danish Ball to the right. The former make* 

larger heads but requires more room 



order to drive away the destructive pests. 
Having made provision for a supply of good, 
strong plants coming along, the next step is to 
prepare the soil thoroughly where they are to go. 
Many gardeners, after removing the first crop 
of peas, beans, lettuce, or whatever may have 
been growing, when the new plants are ready to 
be set out, simply rake the surface and dig the 
holes where the plants are to be set. 
This is a great mistake. Through cul- 
tivation and harvesting, the ground has 
become packed almost as hard as it was 
in the spring and consequently every 
square inch of it must be forked up be- 
fore the second planting. Through the 
loose, friable, well aerated soil the new 
roots formed a few days after trans- 
planting will spread rapidly and will 
have a big field in which to forage for 
plant food. If planted the other way the 
roots will be more or less confined to the 
small volume of loose earth immediately about the plant. 
Another mistake which is very commonly made is to set out the 
plants and then water them on the surface. In most instances 
this is worse than useless. With a watering can or even with the 
hose it is almost impossible to saturate the soil thoroughly enough 
to get beneficial results : and, in addition, the surface is puddled 
and rapidly dries, forming a hard crust. The proper way, if the 
soil is so dry that water must be used, is to apply it in the hole 
before planting. 

In addition to a thorough forking or spading of the ground for 

the second crops, un- 
_^^^_ less a very heavv 
dressing of manure 
was used in the 
spring, the ground 
should be well fer- 
tilized. It doesn't pay 
to half-starve the sec- 
ond crop. An abun- 
dance of plant food 
for them is necessary 
not only to get good 
results but to make 
sure of getting any at 
all. Plants in a half- 
starved condition may 
be so delayed in ma- 
turing that the frost 
(Continued on p. 3} 







*4 - 




The House 




SEVEN 
. HEARTHS 




One of the bedroom hearths a comfortably intimate place 
to pass a half hour with a book before turning in 



Like the room, the den fireplace is small and simple. 
is deep and capable of producing great heat 



A NEW HAMPSHIRE SUMMER HOME WHERE INDOORS AND OUT THE CENTERS OF INTEREST ARE 
FIREPLACES WHAT THE FIELDS AND WALLS CONTRIBUTED AND WHAT THE NEIGHBORS SAID 

IOSEPH AMES 



AS a matter of fact, there were eight, not counting a Franklin 
stove and the kitchen range; but the eighth was in a 
detached building known as the Study, so it really did not count. 
The very idea of so many hearth stones in a single dwelling 
seemed to disturb the rural neighbors. More often than not, 
the first explanatory comment from "native" to newcomer re- 
garding the house on the hill had to do with this shameful 
superabundance. 

"Open fires in every room ! And I hear tell the chimneys alone 
cost all of fifteen thousand dollars!" 

Sometimes these remarks 
were, adorned with flowers 
of verbiage ; frequently they 
betrayed grammatical lapses. 
But always the exclamation 
points were present, accom- 
panied by a strong under- 
current of disapproval, more 
or less tolerant, as who 
should say, a fool and his 
money soon parted. 

The truth is and it seems 
the most flagrant sort of 
anachronism the average 
inhabitant of New England 
rural regions has small use 
for chimneys. He looks 
upon them as institutions to 
be kept down in number and 
reduced to strictly utilita- 
rian dimensions. The vast 
central stacks of his fathers, 
with its wide, deep, cluster- 
ing hearths, its bake-oven, 




The outdoor fireplace which breaks up the monotonous expanse of stone serves no really 
useful purpose, but it must be a bully place to sit around at night and tell stories 



back log, and all the other accessories of the old-time fireplace, is 
to him a drawback and a detriment, rather than a joy forever. 
Either he bricks up the openings, leaving only uninteresting stove- 
pipe holes, or else he reconstructs the chimney, barbarously slicing 
away two-thirds or more of its bulk and boasts of the square 
feet gained by the operation. 

There is, of course, an explanation for this point of view. The 
long, hard New England winters and the rarity of furnaces in 
farm houses combine to make for these conditions. Where rooms 
are heated by stoves open fires are unnecessary, often impractica- 

ble ; and with the bred-in-the- 

bone agriculturist it is gen- 
erally the practical alone 
that counts. From this point 
of view any man who de- 
liberately puts fifteen thou- 
sand dollars into mere chim- 
neys is a fool. 

It really wasn't fifteen 
thousand, or anything like 
it. In fact, the entire house 
cost less. But the mason's 
bill happened to be some- 
what out of proportion for 
a frame building of that size, 
and gossip has gone on add- 
ing to the amount ever since, 
like a snowball gathering 
volume down-hill. 

The owner simply hap- 
pened to be a person who 
wanted fireplaces wanted 
them of generous size and 
in ample numbers, no less 



[ JI-'.Y. 


1915 


HOI 


SK 


AND 


GARDEN 


H 



than of beautiful line and perfectly right construction. He wanted 
artistic treatment; and the artistic, like Parisian simplicity in 
women's dress, is usually expensive. It takes time and money 
to search innumerable old walls and even distant mountain slopes, 
for just the right shapes of weathered, lichened stone; it is almost 
as costly to employ the sort of workmen who will lay these stones 
as they should be laid to 
obtain the best effect. 
But no appreciative per- 
son, seeing the result, has 
doubted for a moment 
that it was money well 
spent. 

The house, set on the 
crown of a New Hamp- 
shire bill, faces south and 
the view. The main por- 
tion is a simple rectangle, 
fifty by thirty feet, from 
which the service wing 
stretches at an angle. It 
is at their juncture that 
one of the great chimneys 
perhaps the largest, cer- 
tainlv the most unique in 
treatment towers up to 
face the approach. 

Always the tying-in of 
a great mass of masonrv 
to a frame house is diffi- 
cult to accomplish effec- 
tively. In the present in- 
stance this was admirably 
accomplished by the 
happy expedient of carrying the stone clear to the corner of 
the building, making the entire east end of the first story, includ- 
ing a casement window, of stone. 

The result was charming. From within, the deep, embrasured 
window, with its rough stone arch, and sill made of a single slab 
of weathered granite, has an interestingly medueval effect an 
effect greatly heightened by the presence of an old Gothic choir 
stall, and the carved panel hanging at 
one side. The fireplace adjoining is, of ^^^^_ 




he entire east end of the house is stone, hence the deep embrasured casement window, with 
its interesting mediaeval effect made by the old Gothic choir stall and the carved panel 



necessity, a corner one ; but the window and the remaining stone- 
work provide a balancing effect which entirely prevents the lop- 
sided appearance made by so many corner fireplaces. The whole 
"stone end" is, in fact, extremely happy, being unusual and pic- 
turesque, without a touch of the bizarre. It gives an impression 
of natural growth, almost of a necessity. Viewed from close at 

hand or from the further 
extremity of the great 
room it is equally charm- 
ing. 

Perhaps it is not quite 
accurate to describe the 
main portion of the lower 
floor as a single room. 
Strictly speaking, the 
large rectangle is undi- 
vided by actual partitions, 
save for the pantry and a 
smallish den back of the 
stairs. Hut the placing of 
the massive square 
columns and pilasters of 
North Carolina pine, and 
the ingenious variation of 
the ceiling beams, give a 
distinct effect of hall, 
living-room and dining- 
room without detracting 
in the least from the airy 
spaciousness desirable in 
every summer house. 

These beams, and to an 
even greater degree the 
wall sheathing, form an- 
other attractive and unusual feature of this unusual house. It 
is all of pine, not stained or varnished, but simply merely oiled 
after the fashion of the simple Colonial paneling, which, dark- 
ened a little and worn by time and use to an exquisite satiny 
sottness, survives here and there in old mansions to excite our 
admiration and perhaps our envy. The quaint, yet simple, beading 
that gives the sheathing its distinction and redeems it from the 
commonplace, was copied from the wall 
^^^^^^^^^^^^^ (Continued on payc 50) 




This carries the glimpse of the living-room farther And this brings us to the living-room fireplace, a Another of the bedroom fireplace* set in a corner 
along, showing the massiveness of the masonry and cavernous affair capable of holding immense logs. and with a raised brick heartha comfortable and 

the airy spaciousness of the beamed ceiling There is genuine Colonial atmosphere in this room convenient adjunct for touting one's toe 




WHICH RECORDS AN AMATEUR'S ATTEMPT TO MAKE A QUICK GARDEN THE 
WILD FLOWERS THAT CAN BE TRANSPLANTED AN INEXPENSIVE BIRD BATH 

M. C. A Y M A R 



LET me preface this article In- 
stating at once that it is not 
written for those who are "old hands 
at the business" of garden making. But 
if there be any who, like myself, have 
had the misfortune of moving into a 
new house when summer has already 
begun and have been confronted with 
the hopeless aspect of new grounds, 
let them read and mark the words and 
doing of "A Woman Who Couldn't 
Wait." 

It was bad enough to get settled 
inside the house during hot weather, 
but when one adds carpenters, plumb- 
ers and painters, who were still 
occupying space, there one has come to the true nightmare of 
moving. As I was thus balked in my natural desire to put our 
Lares and Penates in order I turned my attention to what had 
been left of Mother Earth out-of-doors. And I am bound to say 
the prospect was enough to discourage an expert and, far from 
being so awesome a person, I was simply a city dweller come to 
live in the country for the first time. But ignorance is the purest 
bliss where some gardening is concerned no matter what that 
same expert may have to say to the contrary and nothing but 
it, and doing things yourself, will ever be so helpful a teacher. 

The trenches around our 
house had just been covered 
over, the filling in and the 
road only completed after we 
came ; so, while waiting for 
the first spear of grass to 
show green amid all that ex- 
panse of brown dust, I looked 
about to see how I could help 
push old Mother Nature along 
in her much-too-slow-to-suit- 
me process of covering un- 
sightly spots. Consulting seed 
catalogues was fascinating, 
but also very discouraging 
work, as no nurseryman 
would sell me anything in the 
way of plants, vines or shrubs 
so late in the season. They 
had plenty of suggestions for 
September and October, but 




Common field daisies, which are not at all particular as to their 
home, were transplanted for a foundation screen 




Every one advised against moving this tree. The advice was stolidly disregarded. 
And this is its healthy condition after a year and a half 



I wanted my cake, and I wanted it 
nou'! I had no time, either, just then 
"to dig a trench two feet deep and 
put in it well-rotted manure, wood 
ashes, etc., and fine-sifted loam on 
top," which, I read, was the proper 
way to go about making a proper bed. 
So I took to wandering in the nearby 
fields and woods and kept my eyes 
open with a purpose in mind and 
that was to see how Nature herself 
did her planting on poor soil and in 
improbable places. 

The first thing which struck me 
was that the ordinary field daisy was 
not at all particular as to its home ; 
sun or shade, moist or dry, appeared all one to this .hardy 
pioneer it certainly did not demand manure or sifted loam and 
what would be prettier than a mass of them growing on my 
own grounds instead of the paltry few I could pick and take home 
in my hand? No sooner thought of than done! One side of 
our house was a long, unbroken ugly line at the foundation, and 
I need not tell a new homesteader what soil lies in such a position. 
Everything from the remains of the workmen's lunches to the 
castoff shoes of the plasterers, which even they deemed too hope- 
less to carry away. Well, I did dig down a bit into this unpromis- 
ing mass and smoothed it over 
and dug a lot of holes and 
then I went, myself, with bas- 
ket and spading fork, into 
our nearest field and found it 
easy enough to dislodge the 
daisies, for their roots are 
very shallow. I take it for 
granted that even the novice 
knows enough always to take 
a ball of the original soil 
which is around the roots and 
remove as much as possible 
with any plant. Let me, how- 
ever, impress on all would-be 
transplanters (who may be as 
ignorant as I was) that my 
good fairy whispered to me 
this time to "puddle" them 
that is, fill each hole with 
water before planting this 



34 



JULY, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



35 



and subsequent frequent waterings save many a doubtful ex- 
periment. 

One gets no idea from the picture bow pretty and effective 
that row of white flowers looked 
against that hideous cement foun- 
dation because it was taken when 
they were first put in and doe^ 
not show them at their best in 
full flower. 

Let me warn the beginner 
against some of the Wise Ones, 
who frown upon experiments of 
every sort. For instance, they 
usually advise starting a new 
garden with buying what they 
call "clumps of three" (meaning 
three of a kind and all very 
well for trees and shrubs), but I 
had great cause to regret listening 
to them when my perennial bed 
was finished ; for in this way you 
get but one spot of color at a 
time, as a rule, which looks very 
lonesome in a large bed, 
and I decidedly say buy 
a dozen or two of one 
kind of plant (those that 
flower for more than a 
month preferably) and 
have a display which 
will mean something to 
you and your neighbors. 
Then at least you really 
have them to pick and 
some to leave for show 
as well. The white daisies 
lasted nicely (and I never 
touched them after a 
couple of days' watering) 
into July, when I cut off 
the wilted ones and, much 
to my surprise, they blos- 
somed again, in smaller 
size, when August came. 

In early July I turned 
my eyes once more to our 
next-door field and saw 
there the black - eyed 
Susans just ready to come out. so 
I promptly transferred them in 
large quantities to the same place. 
There their yellow sunshine glori- 
fied that spot for nearly two months. 
At this same time I noticed the 
goldenrod, too, and, having an un- 
sightly barn foundation as well, I 
transplanted these against it in a 
long row. I must admit that I had 
to call for the help of a man here, 
as these roots are much harder to 
manage than the daisies, and the 
clump of dirt taken with them 
should be larger. I wish to remark" 
that they were moved in full flower 
and not one was lost. I watered 
them for a few days and put news- 




In order lo transplant wild flowers successfully, dig up a ball of earth 
with them and puddle when planting 




These sunflowers, seeded in June, were eight feet high by August, form.ng a good screen for 
the poultry yard. The seeds were later given to the chickens for food 




The bird bath was made from a wooden chopping-bowl, itained, oiled 
and set on a standard where the birds would be unmolested 



paper sunbonnets over the blooms to keep off the hot sun, but 
after that they took entire care of themselves. So, you see, that 
any unsightly place can thus be covered at once and with the 

"immediate results" so dear to the 
heart of a beginner. 

The front of our small barn 
was an eyesore and I decided I 
nuist have something to hide its 
"homely" face, so I called in a 
professional to look at a large 
pine I wanted moved for this 
purpose. His ultimatum was 
fifty or seventy-five dollars and 
no guarantee that it would live at 
that! I bade him a polite good 
morning and went forth investi- 
gating on my own account. I 
found a much smaller white pine, 
really being killed by its proximity 
to our splendid oak, so I got the 
Italian, who was doing our grad- 
ing work, to stop that work long 
enough to assist in this project. 
It was moved, amid 
much excitement on all 
sides, for just six dollars ! 
Rut with the assurance 
from everybody wl-o 
knew anything (and from 
those who didn't) that 
"it wouldn't live and if 
it did it would last two 
years, as the sap would 
have all been exhausted 
by then." The picture 
only shows you its con- 
dition after one year 
please wish me good 
luck ! I had read that 
evergreens must never be 
allowed to get dry after 
transplanting, and so in 
every spare moment (and 
many that I couldn't 
spare) I turned the hose 
on that sick-looking tree. 
.Meanwhile I had put 
ferns, taken from the 
woods, in a position in which / 
wanted them but which they seemed 
very doubtful about liking as a per- 
manent home. 

Let me digress one moment as 
to one of the surprises which 
awaited me in these heretofore un- 
known realms. I had always sup- 
posed that most vegetation "just 
grew" where it was put, of course 
a little better in some surroundings 
than in others; but when I began 
a course of sprouts in the garden 
books and catalogues and my own 
experiences, I found that no spoiled 
child could have as many finical 
likes and dislikes as some flowers 
(Continued on page 52) 




Do butterflies make love? in this male fritillary can be seen the scenl organs clustered along the nervures that cross the middle of 
the forewings. The larger scales that cover these parts are covered with special cavities in the wing structure, from which they 
appear lo derive an odorous fluid employed to charm the females 

Some Marvels of Insect Life \ 

A FEW GLIMPSES OF THE MANY WONDERS THAT ARE REVEALED IN THE GARDEN NATURE'S PRO- 
TECTIVE FORM AND COLORING HOW INSECTS FEEL AND BREATHE 

EDWARD STEP, F.L.S. 




BACKYARD naturalizing 
cannot but become a 
hobby for those who work 
intimately with their plants. 
The more one loo'.cs, the 
more wonders are revealed. 
\Yith the aid of a magnify- 
ing glass the backyard natu- 
ralist has even greater sights 
shown him. To write of 
them all would fill volumes, 
but herewith are shown a 
few that may tempt the un- 
initiated to begin their 
studies. 

Formerly any living crea- 
ture of small size was re- 



which these authorities have 
given the name of Arthro- 
pods. It includes the crabs 
and lobsters, spiders, centi- 
pedes, insects, etc. All these 
creatures agree in having the 
body built in segments or 
rings, all or some of which 
bear pointed appendages. 
The insects differ from the 
others in having these seg- 
ments grouped, in adult life, 
into three regions, usually 
quite distinct. These regions 
are the head, the fore-body 
and the hind-body. The 
spiders, which are commonly 



The antennae or "feelers" are the 
seat of the sense of smell in 
most insects. Those shown are 
from the male moth of the 
common silkworm 

garded as an insect : in 
fact, among the present 
generation there are many 
persons for whom the 
word has scarcely any 
more definite meaning. 

All the multitudinous 
forms of animal life have 
heen sorted out hy natu- 
ralists and placed in a 
number of grand divi- 
sions, according to their 
possession of certain 
characteristics. There is 
no present need to name 
all these, but one division 
consists of animals to 





The caterpillar secures his cocoon to the branch to insure its safely when the leaf falls. Before 
making the cocoon proper, he carefully weaves around the leaf stalk, beginning at the branch 
and continuing it into the cocoon 

36 



By this tongue the bee collects nec- 
tar from flowers to be converted 
into honey. As shown here, 
it has been dissected out from 
the surrounding mouth parts 

regarded in popular es- 
timation as insects, have 
only two body-regions. 
There are other differ- 
ences, of course, which 
are not evident upon 
a superficial view of 
the exterior form ; but 
even here two or three 
additional points may be 
mentioned, contrasting a 
spider with an insect. 
The head of the insect 
bears a pair of antennae, 
or "feelers"; the spider 
has no antenna;. The in - 
sect, with a fe\v excep- 



IL-I.Y. 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDKN 



tions among the simpler forms, has a pair of prominent compound 

eyes made up of a large number of lenses, and two or three 

simple eyes, or "ocelli," placed between the compound eyes. The 

spider's eyes are all simple and number 

six or eight. All the winged insects 

pass through a series of changes, called 

metamorphoses, after they leave thie 

egg, in the last stage having their wings 

fully developed. Spiders pass through 

their developmental stages before they 

leave the egg, and after hatching merely 

increase in size without change of form. 

Insects have only three pairs of true 

legs ; spiders have four pairs. 

We have spoken of insects and their 
allies having the body built up of seg- 
ments or rings. It must not be sup- 
posed, however, that these rings are 
separate and distinct. Taking a long 
cylindrical body, like that of a cater- 
pillar or a dragon-fly, for example, and 
making a longitudinal section of it, we 
should find that it forms one continuous 
tube of skin, which has been fortified 
by the deposit of chitin in rings, having connecting 
rings of -thin, purple skin, which allow of contrac- 
tion or distension in length and of lateral curvature 
of the body, as a whole or in parts. By the at- 
tachment of muscles from the hard to the soft 
rings such movements are brought under the con- 
trol of the insect. This plan of structure allows 
a considerable amount of elasticity to the body 
as a whole. 

The theoretical insect consists of twenty of these 
strengthened rings, but the whole 
twenty are not evident in most cases. 
Some of them are combined to form the 
three distinct regions of the body the 
head, the fore-body and the hind-body 
and one or more of the hindmost 
segments are "telescoped" so that they 
do not appear except on dissection. It 
is considered that the first four rings 
have been consolidated to form the 




Have you ever noticed how tenaciously a caterpillar clings? 
With these terminal hooks he fastens onto the object. The 
true legs just behind the head manipulate its food 






head, which bears four pairs of external organs, a pair of jointed 
feelers, or antennae, a pair of compound eyes, and the appendages 
of the mouth. In like manner the next three segments have 

been united to form the fore-body or 
thorax, bearing on the lower side the 
three pairs of legs, while on the upper 
side the second and third rings bear the 
two pairs of wings. The hind-body, 
though theoretically it may have thir- 
teen rings, usually consists of ten or 
eleven, and often of a smaller number. 
The hind-body bears no appendages, 
except those connected with the func- 
tion of reproduction. Stings, where 
present, are modifications of these 
organs. 

The limbs of mature insects are all 
made up of several joints, and it is re- 
markable that these joints are con- 
structed on the same principle as in 
backboned creatures, and are extended 
or folded by the contraction of similar 
sets of muscles, though in the one case 
the muscles are attached to the central 
bony portion, and in the other to the chitinous ex- 
terior. The number of joints in these limbs is not 
the same in all orders or families of insects. There 
is considerable variation in the terminal section of 
the legs the foot which normally consists of 
five segments, but may be reduced to three or two. 
In caterpillars the only true legs are the three 
pairs at the front end of the body: those in the 
middle and at the hind extremity are unjoined 
temporary structures. The jaws and sucking 
apparatus of the mouth are seen by the 
process of development within the egg 
to be essentially modified limbs. So also 
are the feelers or antennas. 

The internal organs of an insect may 
be said briefly to consist of the circula- 
tory system, the organs of nutrition, the 
nervous system, the breathing appara- 
tus, and the reproductive organs. The 
(Continued on page 52) 




The tongue of a butterfly in fact, a long trunk 
kept coiled like a watch-spring when not in use, 
but extended for sucking the sweets of flowers 



The leaf-culling bee and a sample of its work, which can 
be seen on lose bushes at this season. The pieces are 
used in building the nursery 



Scales from a butterfly's wing: some are colored, 
but the color effects are often optical, due to 
the reflection of light by ridges on each scale 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JULY, 1915 




The outside walls are constructed of hollow-tile blocks, faced with brick laid up in Dutch bond in the first story; with stucco in the second and on the gable walls 
of the attic. The foundation walls are of concrete, water-proofed on the outside, with a tile dry drain all around 



THE HOUSE 

OF W. J. 

GESELL, 

MONTCLAIR, 

NEW JERSEY 





DESIGNED 

BY 

O. F. SEMSCH, 
ARCHITECT 




Throughout the first floor the woodwork is oak finished in the natural color and waxed. To tone with it the 

walls re papered in warm browns 



JULY, 1915 



HOI SK AND GARDEN 




The fireplace of ihe living-room it faced with dull brown tile, with a brass mould- 
ing, the whole blending with the finish of the oak trim 



White wood finish has been used in the dining-room and bedrooms. The French 
windows lead to baluslraded balconies (hat can be used for sleeping porches 






The arrangement of paths and planting has 

o make the reception hall more than a mere been made as simple as possible, giving 

ready access to garage and service quarters 



In ordei 

place of passage, the owner recessed the stairs in an alcove 



An abundance of closet room is found on the second 
floor. Note also the fact thai the library has been 
placed upstairs 




The end elevation shows the generous service quarters, which include a servant's alcove at the rear. In the 
i i .1 i ... i 

i vacuum cleaning , r , - 

imber colored leaded glass windows and plaster finish 



e end elevation shows the generous service quarters, **,.... .^.~- - 

cellar beside the healing apparatus is the laundry, a vacuum cleaning pump and, under the sun room, a 
"Trinkstule," trimmed in cypress, with wainscoting, a 




INSIDE THE 
HOUSE 

Timely Suggestions and 
Answers to Correspondents 




Hand-Blocked Prints, a New In- 
dustry in America 
HAND-BLOCKED chintz, designed 
in an artist's studio in this coun- 
try and printed for the first time in his 
workshop here in 1915, marks the begin- 




In the chestnut design the leaves are green and yellow, 
the nuts red on black and white 

ning of a new epoch, not alone in the pro- 
duction of modern decorative textiles but 
in art as associated with this industry in 
America. 

Always accustomed to look to the 
European studios for designs and to their 
long-established industries for fabrics of 
artistic merit, we may be a bit slow to 
grasp the fact that the United States has 
taken its first step in this field. 

Since America became interested in 
that form of modern art as applied to 
fabrics used in the home, the liking for 
them has grown tremendously. All these 
new drapery stuffs were made abroad and 
could only be had by importation. But 
there are fine artists here ; why not have 
them make designs as the artists do 
abroad ? Designing, however, was not so 
difficult as reproducing the design on the 
blocks of hard wood, from which it is 
transferred in properly blended colors on 
to the natural linen. The printing is the 



most difficult of the whole process, and 
only skilled workmen are entrusted with 
the work, which is clone entirely by hand. 

All the fabrics which are illustrated 
are designed in one studio, but by different 
artists, and they are printed in the one 
workshop. Virtually the industry has been 
transplanted from the studios and Werk- 
stacttcn of Europe, but not literally, 
though it seems to have taken root firmly 
here. The industry is not in an experi- 
mental state, for the promoter of it has 
had years of artistic training in the 
ateliers of France and the Werkstaettcn 
of Austria. 

There is only one feature of this textile 
development that is really new to this 
country : the indefinable relationship be- 
tween a people and the things which are 
a part of their life; which stamps itself 
upon its architecture, its painting ; which 
runs through its music, and which is 
manifest in the development and decora- 
tion of homes, by all of which we recog- 
nize one country or people from another, 
even as we recognize racial characteristics 
and different personality. Such is national 
individuality. 

It is this relationship, this individuality, 
which is subtly struggling for expression 
in American decorative fabrics. It is our 




virile, democratic spirit which the artist 
seeks to suggest in these new chintzes 
to express the intermingling of the spirit 
of the new with the art traditions, the 
ages of training, the inherited feeling and 
invaluable ideals of the old. 

America is inheriting the artistic efforts 




A pretty conception for the nursery or child's bed- 
room a girl and rabbit motif in reds and black 



The bell flowers in this print are red, blue and green 
in pronounced tones; the ground black 

of Europe. In this instance it is the 
movement of late years in England, Ger- 
many, France, Austria and Hungary to 
establish a high standard of decoration 
independent of the much-overworked 
"period styles," to create a style which is 
of our own time and which shall in some 
degree embody the artistic ideals of the 
present. The result has been to form an 
association which includes all the indus- 
trial undertakings that co-operate with 
artists in the elaboration of their products, 
whether the member be the architect of 
a palace, the builder of an automobile or 
the designer of printed linens or silks. 
Only those manufacturers are eligible to 
membership in these associations who 
work hand in hand with trained artists, 
and every artist's work is signed, whether 
he designs printed fabrics or the abode 
of royalty. 

Because of the high standard required 
of designers the artists have largely taken 



40 



HOUSE AND GARDKX 



the matter out of the hands of the merely 
commercial decorator and have imposed 
their tastes and trained judgment upon 
contemporary styles, instead of coming in 
as slavish martyrs by having to meet the 
business notions of popular demand. By 
such association and co-operation of manu- 
facturers and artist, the artist studies the 
market and gains a knowledge of mate- 
rials, and the manufacturer learns some- 
thing about the technical side of art as 
applied in industries. 

In Europe the individualistic movement 
in decorative textiles and the utilitarian 
arts reflect the national characteristics, and 
in them one reads the artist as if it were 
his handwriting. Indeed, the designing and 
printing of fabrics is such a fine art and 
represents so much care that a piece of 
decorative linen or silk is always selected 
according to the artist, just as one would 
buy a painting or an engraving. 

We recognize the combinations of black 
and white with the Persian effects which 




An effective linen corner in irregular square spots 
of rose and black on a natural tan ground 

Poiret uses ; we see the fine patterning of 
silks and of wonderful linen that come 
from Professor Hoffman, the great Aus- 
trian architect and designer of decora- 
tions. The products of his country are 
full of vitality, elegance of line and har- 
monies of color. His designs and others 
of his school are particularly admired by 
the prominent decorators of New York. 
And so we in America have inherited, 
or will inherit in the near future, the 
great benefits to be derived from the art 
associations of the old world. We are too 
closely allied by every tie with the coun- 
tries of Europe to consider our life as 
entirely separate and apart from theirs. 
On the contrary we are bound to them 
in every way. They come to our shores 
and become a part of our national, our 




The bouquet design is an arrangement of blue, 
orange, yellow and green printed or unlinled linen 

industrial, our artistic and our daily life. 
They do not come empty-handed. As we 
open our doors to them, so do they bring 
to us all the Old World arts, their painting, 
their music, their hand-wrought textiles, 
their Old World customs and all that 
makes up their inner and their outer life, 
their thought and their feeling. Out of 
this cosmopolitan inheritance of charac- 
ter it is but natural that the spirit of 
democracy should grow and that its in- 
terior decoration should be in harmony 
with this spirit. 

To country homes and city apartment 
alike these linens are particularly well 
adapted. Their artistic designs run more 
on conventional than naturalistic lines and 
their strong, harmonious colors are ad- 
mirably adapted to rooms with plain walls. 
Such marked individuality in furnishing 
fabrics becomes the dominant note in a 
room and should be used with a nice dis- 
crimination for good effects. Solid wall 
paper is the ideal background for fabrics 
of such vitality in line and color, and both 
woodwork and furniture should be of 
simple lines also, then these fabrics 
as furniture coverings, draperies and 
cushions add a desirable note of life and 
contrast. 

These New World chintzes disclose the 
feeling of the modernist movement as it 
has developed in Europe and with which 
are now blended features that express the 
young art life in America unfolding in 
industries. As one woman decorator ex- 
pressed her decided admiration of the 
wavy black lines in the piece of linen 
printed with the cup-like vase against 
which rise the yellow and red flower, the 
designer told her that those lines were 
put into the pattern especially as an in- 
terpretation of American taste. They 
tended to soften the whole print, which 



would otherwise have held only the vase 
in bold relief on the natural linen ground. 

It is a great thing to be able to sense 
the feeling of a people so as to use suc- 
cessfully a soft color with a simple, strong 
design. In the square spot there is only 
a lovely, soft rose combined with black 
in a not too rigid square, printed on linen 
of the natural color. The effect is har- 
monious and delicate, with a pervading 
sense of dignity. 

In some of these modernist prints one 
can trace with much interest the influence 
of the art that has come from some far 
land and entered into the country life of 
its adoption until one is almost uncon- 
scious of its foreign ancestry. So in the 
piece that seems printed over with old- 
fashioned china plates that have the cor- 
ners cut off there is a suggestion of Sevres 
with a decided effect of the Japanese. 
The figures are printed in a blue, red and 
green decoration on a pale tan linen. 

Bird and animal figures disport in many 




There a a suggestion of old French china in this 
fabric. The figures are blue, red and green 

favorite patterns that come from the dif- 
ferent Werkstaetten abroad. In this 
American workshop was seen a linen 
printed with a rabbit gayly chasing a 
young girl in a red dress, and in another 
piece a gorgeous parrot flaunts itself in 
plumage of green, yellow, red and blue. 
The bird is printed in a large oval of the 
plain fabric, and between the ovals the 
background is striped, avoiding too large 
splotches of plain space. 

A very effective design shows generous 
bunches of chestnuts hanging against yel- 
low and green chestnut leaves, the whole 
backed by black and white stripes, which 
give to the print almost a solid effect, as 
in verdure tapestry. This is a very rich 
and interesting print. 





GARDEN 
SUGGESTIONS 



UERIES 

-> - 

CONDUCTED BY F. F. ROCKWELL 



Have You Overlooked Up-to-Date 
Irrigation? 

THE modern systems of applying 
water which have been developed 
during the last few years have been men- 
tioned from time to time in HOUSE AND 
GARDEN. But methods which are a radi- 
cal departure from those that have pre- 
ceded, no matter how good, are always 
slow to be accepted. If you have a vege- 
table or a flower garden which usually suf- 
fers from dry weather during July, August 
or September and there are very few 
which do not lose no time in investigat- 
ing the several overhead systems of water- 
ing. Usually, to see one is to have one. 
Before deciding that you will not profit 
this year from this great advance in 
watering, consider the following facts : 
any of these systems is just as practicable 
for a garden a few rods square as for that 
of several acres. The most expensive part 
of the outfit is j^-inch galvanized pipe. 
This costs from five to eight cents a foot. 
Hose cost from fifteen to twenty. If noz- 
zles are used they are pla'ced every three 
or four feet they cost five to seven cents 
apiece. Sprinklers cost from two to six 
dollars apiece, and each one covers a cir- 
cle of from forty to a hundred feet in 
diameter. You will not have to waste any 
of your precious gardening time in holding 
the hose, rolling and unrolling it, and in 
moving it about. Furthermore, plants 
that are kept growing vigorously with an 



abundance of water are much more capa- 
ble of withstanding and resisting the at- 
tacks of insects and disease. On the whole, 
there is no garden investment that you 
can make which will give you as much 
satisfaction as a modern watering outfit. 
It will do more to make big vegetables 
and perfect flowers certain than any fine 
varieties, high-priced fertilizer or up-to- 
date cultural methods that you have ever 
used. 

Pot Plants in Summer 

The various house plants are somewhat 
of a problem and a good deal of a care 
during the summer months. They are 
usually kept on the veranda, or a wire 
plant stand, where, in spite of constant 
attention, they frequently dry out, so that 
the plants are more or less injured. The 
most convenient way of caring for such 
plants during the summer is to spade up 
a bed for them in some corner or under a 
tree where they will get partial shade. 
The pots should be half plunged or buried 
in the soil, and turned or taken up occa- 
sionally to prevent their rooting into the 
dirt below. They will have to be watered 
only half as frequently as when the pots 
are fully exposed to the sun and air. 
Those designed for winter bloom indoors 
should not be allowed 1 to flower much dur- 
ing the summer. They should be cut or 
pinched back occasionally to be got into 
ideal shape. 



Plants for House and Greenhouse 
in the Winter 

It is time now to start plants, either 
from seeds or cuttings, that will be wanted 
in fall or winter for use in the house or 
in the greenhouse. The best method to 
use for starting cuttings at this time of 
the year, when the temperature is apt to 
be high, is the "saucer system." It is 
simplicity itself. An earthenware dish, 
several inches deep, is filled partly full of 
sand, which is saturated until the moisture 
stands on the surface. Place the cuttings 
in this in an upright position around the 
edge of the bowl, which is kept in full sun- 
light. Success depends upon keeping the 
sand properly saturated. In hot or windy 
weather, if the bowl is kept out-of-doors, 
evaporation will be very rapid and the 
sand should be looked at frequently. In 
preparing the cuttings care should be taken 
to get them just right, as in fall and spring 
propagation that is, they should be taken 
from new growth that has become firm 
enough, so that when bent between the 
fingers it will snap instead of merely 
doubling up. The lower leaves of each 
cutting should be cut off, and the larger 
ones shortened back a half or so. This 
makes the cutting less likely to wilt and 
makes it possible to get a great many 
more into the same-sized saucer. Another 
method of rooting the cuttings in the sum- 
mer is to break the shoot partly off from 
the plant, leaving it partly attached by a 





In the garden the pipes are hidden behind foliage which, however, does not inter- 
fere with the spread of the stream 



By running the pipe down the center of the garden both sides are reached, the 
mechanism being adjusted without labor 



Jri.v, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



shred of the skin and flesh on one side, 
which is sufficient to keep it from wilting. 
If left this way for a week or ten days 
the break will have been calloused over 
and be ready to root in a few days in 
sand and water or in sandy soil. In moist, 
cloudy weather the roots will sometimes 
form in the air. 

In the flower bed, after the plants have 
made a good growth, favorable conditions 
for rooting can quite often be found, and 
large branches can be taken off and rooted 
in the bed in the shade of the plants. 
Large slips of geranium, handled in this 
way, and rooted in July or August, will 
make good, big plants for flowering in- 
doors in the early winter. 

The seeds of many plants for winter 
flowering, such as begonias, heliotrope, 
verbenas, snap-dragons, and so forth, may 
be started now. A specially prepared soil 
should be used, the same as for starting 
seeds indoors. Most of the seeds are 
small, and, as they should be barely cov- 
ered from sight, it is necessary to have a 
soil that will retain moisture and keep 
damp on the surface. The seed bed or flat, 
if they are used, should be placed in semi- 
shaded position, or a temporary covering 
or shade should be rigged up over the seed 
bed. Water the soil thoroughly before 
sowing and use a fine spray for watering 
afterwards, as the little fine seeds are 
easily washed from their positions. The 
little seedlings should be potted up in 
thumb pots as soon as they are large 
enough, being careful to keep them well 
shaded for several days after this opera- 
tion. A five- or ten-cent package of seeds 
will give an abundance of plants for the 
winter garden or for the greenhouse. 

FOR A FULL CROP OF STRAWBERRIES NEXT 
JUNE PLANT Now 

Under the usual method of procedure, 
a crop of strawberries must be waited for 
a year or a year and a half. A bed set 
out in August will not bear until a month 
from the following June. By using potted 
plants this month or early next month, 
however, with proper methods of culture, 
a full crop can be harvested next June. 
Potted plants may be bought for three to 
five cents apiece. They are easy 'to set, 
sure to live, and, if properly cared for, 
will give a full-sized crop of perfect fruit 
next spring. These plants are especially 
adapted to what is termed "hill culture," 
as each one will quickly form a strong 
bushy plant if all runners are kept pinched 
off. The whole strength of the plant 
should be thrown into making a good, 
strong crown to bear next year's crop. 
Set the plants a foot apart in rows two 
or three feet apart, or two or three rows 
in a "bed" a foot apart, with an alley two 
feet wide between beds. If a ready-mixed 
fertilizer is to be used it should be sown 
in the drill and then thoroughly mixed 
with the soil, either with the hoe or by 
running the wheel-hoe with the cultivator 



teeth along the row. Strawberry plants 
are easily injured by fertilizer used in the 
hill or drill, unless it is thoroughly mixed 
with the soil. A mixture of cotton seed 
or tankage and bone meal is safer than 
ready-mixed fertilizer, and will give the 
plants a good, strong start. A little nitrate 
of soda worked about the plants a week 
or so after planting is also very good. 
Be careful not to get any on the leaves, 
and mix it into the soil about the plants 
at the first hoeing. If the new bed is in 
proximity to an old one, in which rust 







Plants thai are kept growing vigorously with an 
abundance of water are much more capable of with- 
standing and resisting the attacks of insects and 
diseases 

has appeared, spray with Bordeaux im- 
mediately after setting, and every ten days 
or so thereafter until growth ceases in the 
fall. 

GROWING YOUR OWN POT PLANTS 

If you already have a strawberry bed 
there is still time to pot up plants to set 
out this fall, or to fruit in pots in the 
greenhouses, or for use for an extra early 
crop in the cold frame. A surprisingly 
large number of berries can be grown un- 
der a sash or two. Potted plants should 
be started now and set later in a frame 
ten inches or so apart each way. Have 
the ground rich and give p'enty of water 
to keep the plants in vigorous growth until 
freezing weather. Do not keep the sash 
on late in the fall, but let them freeze up. 
They may then be mulched and covered, to 
prevent freezing as severely as they would 
in the open. The covering should be re- 
moved and the plants started into growth 
under sash early in the spring. The 
method of securing good, strong potted 
plants is simple. A supply of two-and-a- 
half- or three-inch pots, which by the 
hundred should not cost over a cent 
apiece, should be procured. Then spade 
up well between the rows or about plants 



of the varieties you wish to continue to 
use, and sink a pot under each of the new 
plants forming on the first or second run- 
ners: those on the later runners will not 
be so strong. The first or second plant on 
the runner should be taken. The runner is 
held in place over the pot by a clothes-pin 
or a small stone, which will serve also to 
mark where the pot is. If a good watering 
can be given or a rain occurs soon after 
the pots are placed, the new plants will 
be ready in three weeks or so. The soil 
in which the plants are growing is usually 
suitable for filling the pots, but if it is 
very poor or dry a prepared soil, moist 
and well enriched, will give better and 
much quicker results. In selecting runners 
from which to root potted plants they 
should be taken only from strong, vigor- 
ous plants, preferably from those which 
were marked during the bearing season as 
the best of their respective kinds. Plant 
selection for strawberry propagation is 
particularly successful and immediate in 
results. 

PLANTING FOR FALL AND WINTER 
SUPPLY 

Of the seeds which may be planted at 
this late date the most important are tur- 
nips, beans and early beets. The early 
varieties of carrot will generally have time 
to mature if they get a prompt start. All 
these things are much better in quality 
and will keep better if they do not get 
too large before being taken up for stor- 
ing. Early Model or Detroit Dark Red 
beets, Petrowski, Golden Ball and White 
Egg turnips are mild in quality and good 
keepers. All of these care for the winter 
supply. There is still time, if planning is 
done promptly, for early peas, lettuce and 
radishes. Golden Bantam and other early 
sweet corn, planted by the 4th, will gen- 
erally mature, even north of New York. 
Laxtonian, Blue Bantam, British Wonder 
and Little Marvel peas are all excellent 
varieties for late planting. The heaviest, 
most retentive soil should be used for 
these, and they should be planted deep. 
Deacon, All Seasons, Iceberg and New 
York are good summer lettuces. Big Bos- 
ton and Grand Rapids should be planted 
toward the end of the month for a fall 
supply : it may be necessary to water the 
soil before planting and shade lightly to 
get a good stand. Crimson Giant is a 
good, long-lasting radish. 

The great secret of getting a good stand 
from seeds planted in hot, dry weather is 
to firm the seed in the soil. Seed for these 
late sowings should be planted deeper 
than for those in the spring. When 
planted by hand, they should be firmed 
into the bottom of the drill with the ole 
of the foot or the back of a hoe before 
covering them. This insures more mois- 
ture being absorbed by the seed to start 
prompt germination, and it gives the 
sprouting tap root of the seed a congenial 
environment. 




E D ITOrU AL 




IN A NEGLECTED GARDEN It had been built on a hill- 
side seven, eight possibly 

ten years back. The time makes no difference, save that there 
had been time enough for the patient, persistent, steady ravage 
of the years. That, and the fact that the garden had been hewn 
out of a hillside. Yes, veritably hewn. For the slope was pre- 
cipitous, and in those days strong arms had dragged from near 
and far the great stones to shelve up the beds and lay the walks. 
Once a weed-grown patch, blistered here and there with an out- 
cropping of shale, it was dug and petted and coaxed and fed into 
such a garden as no flower could disdain. The new year had 
found it an abandoned place ; midyear found it a riot of color 
and life, a growing monument to the toil and care that had 
been lavished upon it. There had been no attempt at an effete 
color-scheme. With equal affection all the flowers had been 
planted and tended, from the pansy bed down by the edge of 
the wall to the range of iris clumps that fringed the corner of 
the woodland above. As you came out of the deep shade and 
troubled rustling of the trees these steps of blossoms in the bril- 
liant glare greeted your eyes like a sudden sunshaft in a clouded 
sky. Aimless, the feet would carry you about from bed to bed, 
for each step was as exquisite as its fellow. As innocent of 
weeds as a maiden of sin, those beds. It was as though the souls 
of flowers have been liberated into a Paradiso that knew naught 
of evil. Thus the woodlands looked on the garden and the garden 
looked on the river that flowed a hundred feet below, a silent, 
sparkling, silver ribbon drawn on through the eye of the hills. 

That was seven, eight possibly ten years back. The time 
makes no difference, save that there had been time enough for 
the patient, persistent, steady ravage of the years. 



It had always been a riot, and a riot it was now. Nature is 
habitually riotous, and Nature had gained the upper hand. For 
that reason this garden in its present state could never be called 
abandoned. Between the abandoned garden and the neglected 
lies a mighty difference. In the one -no care at all is taken ; in 
the other, care, but not enough of it. And that was the circum- 
stance here. The hands that had fashioned the spot out of the 
hillside had been called away to other work. Whereas formerly 
clays on end were passed there, now only an occasional hour 
could be spared. Once on a day one lone person worked out 
his individuality there ; now a dozen tinkered at it with no pur- 
pose and no visible result. 

The riot of color had been subdued under an overshadowing 
of weeds. Stones that had shelved up the beds had fallen across 
the path, letting down little avalanches of soil and what was left 
of the scattered edging plants. Where once the paths lay step- 
ping-stones laid on cushions of moss were rank carpets of sour- 
grass. Athwart the beds weedy creepers stretched out tentacle 
arms that wound about the stalks of sickly plants and chocked 
them Laocoon-wise. Between the iris clumps flourished milkweed 
and pusely and wild carrot. Disease and all manner of insects 
had made of the rose bed a sorry thing. The phlox had passed 
into the stage of senile decay. Black beetles found the aster 
buds fat carrion to fatten on. Against the sky the arch that 
had once worn a queenly crown and robe of roses stood stark 
and gaunt. 

Yet there were signs that work had been done in that garden 



occasional work from which the toiler had fled. A rusted spade 
bristled in the gladiolus bed; along one of the paths, atop a 
piie of bleached weeds, lay a rake. It also was rusted. Papers 
were scattered about. Only in one corner was there a mark of 
loving care : a little patch, walled up with stones and tilled, bore 
a notice scribbled in a child's hand, "Please do not disturb any- 
thing here because cotton is growing !" That and a few dahlias, 
those faithful, hardy servitors, which remain with us through the 
universal neglect to the last. 

In a garden Nature is at once both a friend and foe. The 
right hand rarely knows what the left is doing. Weeds serve 
their sane, commonsense purpose: we must be eternally fighting 
them, and in fighting them we are forced to cultivate the soil. 
Insect pests, which would never seem to blight and destroy weeds 
in a forest or meadow, fatten on the tender stalks and buds of 
flowers. We hurl against them a pitiless cannonade of spraying, 
little aware that in this way we are paying the price of a past 
generation's wantonness, doing the work that birds, which the 
ruthless destruction of man has made extinct, once faithfully 
accomplished. We look for the sun to give life and strength to 
the seed ; and we fight its searing heat with cooling waters. 
Pawns in the hands of Nature, these gardeners who would carve 
out a wild meadowland or a precipitous hillside a garden spot 
of loveliness. 



And even as in the life of man must discipline be applied, the 
unrestrained garden will bring forth many blossoms for a time, 
but the garden that will produce the fairest flowers must know 
the discipline of shears and the binding of cords. The painful 
discipline that makes saints and martyrs makes the exquisite 
flower and the sturdy plant. Lashed to a stake like a Joan of 
Arc, the consuming spirit of a rose blossoms into unbelievable 
beauty and gladioli strain flaming arms to the sky. 

In this neglected garden had been known no restraint nor dis- 
cipline for many a day. Once a friend, Nature had turned foe. 
Discipline her, and that great mother is an untiring ally ; give 
her the upper hand, and no labor will survive her wantonness. 
A few more months, and there would be left but few and 
scattered marks of the toil that had been expended on this place. 
Taken in hand now, Nature would fall hopelessly before the 
gardener's counter attacks, the order and loveliness of cheerful 
yesterday would be restored. And that is blessed compensation 
of gardening: there is something permanent about it. The soil 
is there, the sun still shines, and the rain falls. Given these 
and labor, no seed can fail to germinate; given care, and no 
plant can refuse to attain its consummation of flower. These 
things are always there. They are dependable if the gardener 
is dependable. And according to the measure with which he 
invests his time and patience and strength in the work will his 
place give its increase. Size does not make a garden nor do rare 
flowers. Care only, unremitting care. 

Such care had hewn this garden out of a hillside, had dragged 
from near and far the great stones to shelve up the beds and 
lay the walks, had set there a riot of flowers between the deep 
shade and troubled rustling of the trees and the river, a silent, 
sparkling silver ribbon drawn on through the eye of the hills. 
That was seven, eight possibly ten years back. The time makes 
no difference, save that there had been time enough for the 
patient, persistent, steady ravage of the years. 



44 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



45 




When planning to build 

read The Architectural Record 

"The National Architectural Magazine" 

and benefit by the ideas of lead- 
ing architects. You will get valu- 
1 able suggestions on attractive 
exteriors, convenient arrangement and appropriate 
furnishings, and be better posted when you consult 
your own architect. More than one hundred 
illustrations with explanatory text in every issue. 

In the business section are described the latest and 
best building specialties which add so much of 
comfort, convenience and value. 

Twelve attractive and valuable issues each year 
for $3. 



Subscribe now 
andsecureFREE 
the Country 
House Numbers 
of 1913 and 1914. 



The Architectural Record. 2206 LewUohn Bldi.. N. Y. City. 

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ad eater my subscription for oae yr*r Ircm dale, for which I 
encW $3.00. 

Sigaed 



Add 60c. for Canada and 91 for foreign pottage. 




When You Fence Your Home 

Combine long life with neatness. Rust is the great enemy of fence. 

When rust comes, the fence goes. The only way to avoid nut is to 

erect a heavily galvanized fence. Its extra heavy galvanizing is one 
feature which distinguishes 




fences from others. The completed fence is immersed in the galvanizing 
spelter. Every crack and comer are covered much more heavily than 
is possible in any other method of galvanizing. Rust cannot get a 
hold it has no chance to start. The fence lasts. 

The wide variety of Excelsior Rust Proof fences enable) you lo indulge your taste in 
fencing your home or estate. We alio make Excelsior Rust Proof Trellltci, Trtlll* 
Arches, Lawn, Flower Bed and Tree Guards. Ask your hardware dealer, or write 
us for illustrated Catalog C. 

WRIGHT WIRE COMPANY, Worcester, Mass. 



BOBBINK & ATKINS 

World'* Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products 

Grown in America 

ROSES IRIS 

PEONIAS STRAWBERRIES BOXWOOD 
EVERGREENS BAY TREES 

HARDY VINES SHADE TREES 

RHODODENDRONS FRUIT TREES 

JAPANESE FLOWERING CHERRY HARDY OLD 

FASHIONED FLOWERS 
OUR NEW HYBRID GIANT FLOWERING 

MARSHMALLOW 
Ask for our Illustrated General Catalog No. 40. 

Nursery men. Florists & Planters RUTHERFORD, N. J. 




Poultry House 

Hodgson 
Portable 
Houses 



Club Houft 



Cardmn Hoat* 



Artistically designed and finished, made of the most durable materials and 
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EC nnnrcAU] rn rRoom ", " WASHINGTON ST., BOSTON, MASS, i Addnss su corr.- 
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TOWNSEND'S TRIPLEX 



The Greatest Grass-Cutter on Earth 
Cuts a Swath 86 Inches Wide 

Drawn by one horse and operated by one man, the 
Triplex Mower will mow more lawn in a day than 
the best motor mower ever made, and cut il better 
and at a fraction of the cost. 

Drawn by one horse and operated by one man, it 
will mow more lawn in a day than any three other 
horse-drawn mowers with three horses and three men. 
(We guarantee this.) 

Floats over the uneven ground as a ship rides the 
waves. One mower may be climbing a knoll, second 
skimming the level and a third paring a hollow. 
Does not smash the grass lo earth and plaster il rn 
the m"d in springtime, nor crush out its life between 
hoi rollers and hard, hot ground in summer, as does 
the motor mower. 

Write for calalotrue illustrating all types of TOWN- 
SEND lawn mowers. 

S. P. Townsend & Co. Z^SftfT. 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



46 


HOUSE AND GARDEN 


Jl'LY, 1915 



LEAVENS 

MADE FURNITURE 



. 




A mistaken impression concerning our furniture 
has apparently been given in some instances by 
our consistent advertising of COTTAGE FURNI- 
TURE or Straight Line Furniture. This is by 
no means our only line, but because of its great 
popularity and wide appeal to home furnishers, it 
has been more frequently presented in our 
advertising. 

Our complete stock includes several lines just 
as popular as our Cottage Furniture, and offers 
attractively de- 
signed, well made 
pieces to meet 
every need of the 
tastefully furnished 
home. 

By selecting from 
our large stock, it 
is possible to have a 
pleasing variety of 
designs and yet 
have every piece 
harmonious with 
the others, whether 
you select in our 
Cottage or Modern, 
with here and there 
a Colonial piece. 

And this harmony in the complete effect, with 
variety of design in individual pieces, can be made 
much more pronounced by selecting your own 
stains in which to have your furniture finished. 
To anyone with an appreciation of color values, 
our policy of finishing to the customer's order, 
offers opportunity 
to impress distinct 
individuality upon ' 
the home. 

Our color chart 
of stains and fin- 
ishes offers sugges- 
tions and is of 
great assistance in 
working out the 
color schemes of 
your rooms 

We also furnish unfinished if so desired. Ship- 
ments carefully made insuring safe delivery. 
Send for complete set No. 4, of over 200 illustra- 
tions and color chart. 





WILLIAM LEAVEN55CQ 



32 CANAL 

BOSTON 



STREET. 

MA S S. 



JAPAN BAMBOO STAKES 

Outlast wooden stakes many years. For 
Gladioli. Lilies, Herbaceous Plants. 
NATURAL COLOR. 

50 100 250 1000 

6 ft. long 60 $1.00 $2.50 $7.50 

8 ft. long 85 1.50 3.00 10.00 

GREEN COLORED. 

2ft. long 35 60 $1.50 $4.50 

3 ft. long 45 75 1.75 6.00 

4 ft. long 60 $1.00 2.50 7.50 

5ft. long 85 1.50 3.25 10.00 

EXTRA HEAVY BAMBOO POLES 

For Dahlias, Tomatoes. Young Trees, etc. 

12 50 100 

6ft. long (Vi in. diam. up) 85 $2. 75 $5.00 

6ft. long (A to 1 inch diam.) $1.25 4.00 7.50 
8 ft. long (% to 1 inch diam.) 1.75 6.00 10.00 

H. H. BERQER & CO., 70 Warren Street, New York City 




Structure and Decoration of 

Walls 
(Continued from page 22) 

them in 'wall making. The advent of the 
concrete house has introduced new 
methods and created new precedents, and 
among other things it has opened the way 
for encrusting either large or small areas 
with tiles. Such a treatment is suitable 
for conservatories, bathrooms, kitchens, 
vestibules, and, in special instances, occa- 
sionally elsewhere, and may either be ap- 
plied in place of wainscoting or extended 
over the whole wall surface. In either case 
the tiles must be set firmly in place while 
the concrete is "green," that is to say, 
while it is soft and fresh. The cost of 
such tiling is not necessarily prohibitive, 
as it is quite possible to secure inexpensive 
tiles of good color and shape. Of course, 
if one wishes to do so, he may pay 
almost any figure, according to quality 
and design, but acceptable tiles may be 
had at a reasonable figure. It is not at all 
necessary to have glazed tiles and it is 
often preferable not to use them. In 
kitchens, laundries, bathrooms and other 
places where there is much moisture or 
where the surface of the wall is occasion- 
ally washed down, the tiles ought to be 
set as close together as possible to avoid 
any roughness from cement joints. Where 
tiles are set in walls at intervals, purely 
for decorative purposes, they ought to be 
disposed at points or on lines of structural 
emphasis or else placed in panels. 

Interior concrete walls may be laid on 
expanded metal lath or mesh. Plain walls 
of this sort may be made for about 75 
cents per square yard. The chief objection 
to such walls lies in their uncompromising 
surface. This objection, however, can be 
removed and an agreeable texture im- 
parted in several ways. In the first place, 
when the wall is being finished the face 
may be "floated" to approximate smooth- 
ness if the sand in the surface coat is fine 
enough. When the wall is thoroughly set 
and dry the surface may be given a coat 
of varnish or shellac. This will fill any 
small holes and roughnesses where dust 
and dirt would otherwise lodge, remove 
some of the appearance of hard asperity 
and temper the cheerless, depressing tone. 
Another agreeable and inexpensive wall 
surface is produced by "scratching" the 
concrete back while it is "green" and ap- 
plying a coat of plaster made of lime and 
coarse, gritty sand. Instead of smoothing 
the surface with precision it is "floated," 
not too regularly, with a piece of board, 
which should be used with a circular 
motion. The sand grits pull and drag, and 
in this way the surface is striated with 
scratches or combings in arcs or circles as 
though it had been dressed with a rough 
currycomb. When the surface is quite 
hard and dry a wash made of cement and 
water, of about the consistency of white- 
wash, should be roughly applied with a 
whitewash brush. This will give depth 

In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 




I 



STANDARD 
OF THE 
WORLD" 

"T is a permanent improve- 
ment that adds more than 

L its cost to the value of the 
property enclosed. Nothing goes further 
toward giving house and grounds an at- 
mosphere of elegance, refinement and 
privacy the finishing touch to outside 
surroundings. 

Over 350 plain and ornamental designs to har- 
monize with any house, garden or grounds. 
Styles for every purpose town houses, suburban 
homes, country estates, parks, cemeteries, fac- 
tories, schools, churches, etc. Book of designs, 
upon request. Write for it, giving brief descrip- 
tion of property. 

THE STEWART IRON WORKS CO. 

Dept. "F," Cincinnati, Ohio 
' The World'i Created Iron Fence Builderi" 

Vases, Settees. Wire Fence. 

Lamps, Lawn J. General Iron 

Fountains a .*&. and Wire Work 




A Live in the Garden 

i, S Spend _!h(; summer in your garden. 
,-T* Make it comfortable with Mathews 

Decorations. Our free portfolio will 
help you. It shows many designs for Sum- 
mer Houses, Pergolas, Lattices, Trellises, 
Furniture and all other Garden decoration. 
Ask about our unique bird baths and bird houses. 




THE MATHEWS MANUFACTURING CO. 
909 Williamson Building Cleveland, Ohio 



All newly painted jobs look alike 
for a while. Time reveals the house 
upon which 



zinc 

was used. Zinc in paint makes 
paint last. 

// you want Zinc on your house, ask for our book, 
"Your Move," and act on it. 

The New Jersey Zinc Company 
Room 412, 55 Wall Street, New York 

For big contract jobs consult our Research Bureau 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



47 



and tone to the shadows in the shallow 
scars or depressions. Last of all, the sur- 
face is given a coat of orange shellac. If 
the coat is diluted and thin it will produce 
a yellowish golden tone; if somewhat 
thick, the tone will verge toward a reddish 
gold. This wall treatment is susceptible 
of several interesting variations. Then, 
again, a concrete wall may be whitewashed 
with excellent effect. There are certain 
styles of architecture in which white or 
gray walls, slightly rough, above a simple 
wainscot of plain and close-fitted vertical 
boards of oak, ehestnut or deal may be 
highly appropriate. Whitewash possesses 
the advantages over paint of being exceed- 
ingly cheap and much easier to apply. It 
may be made absolutely fast so that it will 
not rub off by mixing according to the 
Government formula usually known as the 
"lighthouse mixture." It is as follows: 
Slake a half bushel of lime with boiling 
water, cover during the process to keep 
in steam. Strain the liquid through a fine 
sieve or strainer and add to it a peck of 
salt, previously dissolved in warm water, 
three pounds of ground rice boiled to a 
thin paste and stirred in while hot, half a 
pound of Spanish whiting and one pound 
of clear glue, previously dissolved by soak- 
ing in cold water, and then hanging over 
a slow fire in a small pot hung in a larger 
one filled with water. Add five gallons of 
hot water to the mixture, stir well and let 
it stand a few days, covered from dirt. 
To be applied hot. 

Last of all, a concrete wall may be 
painted any hue desired. Whether painted, 
whitewashed or varnished, if the surface 
coat has been properly prepared with fine 
sand and the workmen use their floats 
carefully, the face of a concrete interior 
wall may be made to resemble closely a 
wall of rough, sand-finished plaster. The 
expanded metal lath or mesh, which 
serves as a core or base for the concrete, 
is usually fastened to metal bars in place 
of studs or furring. Concrete walls of 
this type possess the further merit of con- 
tributing to fire prevention. 

The plastered wall, more than any of 
the several sorts of walls previously men- 
tioned, offers opportunities for varied 
treatments without entering into altera- 
tions of a radical nature. It may be pa- 
pered, painted, hung with textiles, or given 
a rough sand finish, the last necessarily 
applied when the plastering is first being 
done. The plastered wall by itself, plain 
and unadorned, cannot be considered a 
thing of beauty, when the only points to 
relieve its flatness are the cornice which 
is not always present and the baseboard, 
a pitifully dwindled and degraded survival 
of dignified wainscot. A plastered wall 
always needs something to temper its star- 
ing bareness, even when it is wainscoted 
for part of its height. The only excep- 
tion to be made is in the case of a sand- 
finished plaster wall, which presents a 
surface and texture sufficiently interesting 
and suitable as a background to be let 




THE CORBIN UNIT LOCK 

It has the key hole in the knob where it can be found in the dark ; the Corbin pin 
tumbler cylinder, a broad, heavy, swinging latch bolt, and a nicety of adjustment which 
gives the effect of a safe lock. It is unequalled for entrance doors. 

P. & F. CORBIN 



NEW YORK 



The American Hardware Corporation Succenar 

NEW BRITAIN, CONN. 
CHICAGO 



PHILADELPHIA 



Send for our Book of "CREO-DIPT' Homes 



A help if you plan to build, buy or remodel. It shows a selection 
of over 100 homes in different parts of the country. It enables 
you to investigate for yourself the artistic and economical use of 

99 STAINED 
SHINGLES 



"CREO-DIPT 

17 Grades 16, 18, 24-inch 30 Different Colors 

They come in bundles ready to lay without waste. 

They save painting and roofing bills and produce artistic 
effects that are permanent. We select best cedar shingles and 
by our special process preserve them in creosote and stain them 
any color desired. They last twice as long as brush-coated 
shingles or natural wood. They do not curl up or blow off. 
Write today for colors on wood and Book of "CREO-DIPT' 
Homes in all parts of the country. Names of architect and 
lumber dealer desired. 

Standard Stained Shingle Co., 1(12 Oliver St.. N. ToMwandl. N. Y. 
(Shipments Prompt. Branch Factoryin Chicago forWestern Trade) 




rchitect, Uo. L Pftlk. Brockton. 
.htdCT "CREO DIPT" Shinrl*. tl 



- . t..r Iir ) 
fh Tauntr>r 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



4 8 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JULY, 1915 




Build Right It Pays 

Safety, beauty and economy 
argue for the stucco house. 
But the walls must be built 
right. This means more than 
good cement. It means good 
materials and good work over 



Kiijitl Metal Lath 

Herrin^b'oYve walls do not crack. 
They will not discolor. Herring- 
bone cuts out repairs when it is- 
used for both inside and outside 
walls. 

Herringbone ceilings do not fall. 
A beautiful house stays beautiful 
when Herringbone metal lath is 
used. Where corrosion is violent, 
we recommend Herringbone 
Armco Iron Lath made of the 
most rust-resisting iron. Such a 
house makes a permanent, fire- 
resisting and inexpensive home. 

"The House 
That Father Built" 

with its beautiful illustrations, help- 
ful suggestions and practical aids 
will be sent free to you if you are 
interested in a house that will last. 
Please mention your architect's 
name so that we can co-operate with 
him in building you a beautiful, fire- 
resisting home at a minimum ex- 
pense. 

TheGENERAL FIREPROOFING CO. 

137(1 Logan Ave. Youngstown, Ohio 

Maittrt alia if Self-Srnlerine, 
the concrete reinforcement that 
eliminate! the need of farmi. 




j\ 






DANERSK 

Charming 
PAINTED FURNITURE 

Inexpensive yet Sturdy 

Now the very smartest 
thing for Suburban and 
Country Homes. 

Your Choice of 
Color Scheme 

Booklet "A" on request 

ERSKINE-DANFORTH 

CORPORATION 
Z West 47th St.. New York 




jiaf Tattle (X-17): size, 
.frwhen open, 38x50"; U 
s-'high. We pay freight. 
Factory to consumer. 



alone. Whatever coloring is to be applied 
may be included in the mixture, but no 
coloring is necessary, for, when dry, the 
surface will have an agreeable tone from 
the presence of the sand. Plasterers fre- 
quently object to making a sand finish 
because the heavily "sanded" plaster pulls 
and is harder to work than ordinary 
"white coat," but the result is worth what- 
ever additional cost and labor are entailed. 
The sand-mixed plaster pulls too much to 
be worked in molds, so that no moldings 
or intricacies of any kind should be at- 
tempted in it. Sand-finished plaster is 
particularly appropriate for the upper part 
of walls that are wainscoted either high 
or low with oak, chestnut, butternut or 
some other wood of markedly brownish 
tinge. As an agreeable alternative to sand- 
finished plaster may be mentioned a plaster 
made of ground Caen stone, which is usu- 
ally finished by tooled lines to give the 
effect of joints between blocks of cut 
stone. 



Efficiency in the Flower Garden 
(Continued from page 23) 

.-As they suck the plant juices from under 
the surface of the stems or leaves, the 
poisons described above are useless against 
them and resort must be had to something 
that will either smother them by coating 
them over, asphyxiate them, or destroy 
them by contact. The simplest and surest 
remedy for this class of insects is kero- 
sene emulsion ; it may be readily made at 
home by dissolving a piece of soap about 
an inch thick and wide and 2 inches long 
in a pint of hot water and adding a quart 
of kerosene and churning thoroughly. To 
use, dilute further with ten to fifteen parts 
of water. Even a simpler way is to buy 
the concentrated emulsion ready prepared 
and dilute with water according to direc- 
tions. There are several market prepa- 
rations which have as their chief ingre- 
dient nicotine. Most of these are' Very 
effective against aphids and other sucking 
insects. They come in varying strength, 
but usually those containing the highest 
percentage of nicotine are the cheapest to 
use, because, though costing more, they 
can be much further diluted than the lower 
grade. In using any preparation of this 
kind be sure to follow the directions very 
carefully. 

There are a good many kinds of blight, 
rust and mildew which attack a number 
of the plants in the flower garden, includ- 
ing roses, hollyhocks, verbenas, carnations 
and some others. The standard specific 
for all these things is Bordeaux mixture. 
Wherever one wants to make sure of 
keeping his plants healthy, and thus secure 
a good crop of flowers, even though the 
foliage is somewhat discolored, spray reg- 
ularly with Bordeaux mixture every ten 
days or two weeks. Where it is desirable 
to keep the foliage clean and unspotted 
ammoniacal copper carbonate solution may 
be used in place of the Bordeaux ; but it 

In writing to adrertise's hlease mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 




Big opportunity 
for agent to make 
$1,000 to $5,000 
a year represent- 
ing us. Write us 
about it. 



In July, a little food, a 
little water, and a little lov- 
ing care, insure a beauti- 
ful lawn and flowers. Top 
dress your lawn with Ra- 
dium Plant Food, dig it in 
around your flowers and 
shrubbery they will re- 
spond with spring vigor. 
Plants are living things and 
need food while growing. 




ERTILIZER (Plant Food) 



Contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash and 
radium. One pound will fertilize 50 sq. ft., or a plot 
10x5 ft. Sold by dealers, or prepaid East of Missis- 
sippi River (West, add 5c lb.), as follows: 

12 oz. can, $ .25 2 lb. can, $ .50 

5 lb. can, 1.00 10 lb. can, 1.75 

25 lb. can, $3.75 

Our famous booklet, "Radium Makes Things Grow." 
free for the asking. 

RADIUM FERTILIZER CO. 



203 Vanadium Building 



PITTSBURGH, PA. 



A-Eniuvtcc Funnel 




Trap Sparrows 

They keep native song birds away from our gardens. U. S. 
Dept. of Agriculture Bulletin urges us to destroy English 
Sparrows. Get the 

DODSON SPARROW TRAP 

New and Improved No Other Trap Like This 

Works automatically. Double funnel trap on left; drop trap 
on right. Catches sparrows all the time. Lasts a lifetime 
Price, $6 f.o.b., Chicago. 

A New Dodson Invention. A Guard to keep cats, squirrels 
and other animals away from birds in trees. Made of wire; 
expands with growth of tree. Easily attached; can't harm 
trces^. Price . 3 q^ce n ts per lineal foot, f.o.b. Chicago. 

Free Booklet Tells how~to"attract native birds~De~scribes 
the famous Dodson Bird Houses 20 styles. If you want song 
birds get genuine Dodson Bird Houses. On any subject con- 
nected with American birds write to The Man The Birds Love 

Joseph H. Dodson 

731 Security Bld B . Chicago, III. 



, I 



1 



DOUBLES THE GARDEN'S CHARM 

J hough your Garden te Small, a 
Sun-dial .Bird Font orGazmgGlobe 
adds the Essential toucKwnile your Plants 
will have NewBeauty in Artistic 
GAliOWAY Pots.Boxes and Vases. 
AWealth of Suggestions for 
Malung your Garden Attractive 
will be found in our Catalogue 
which we will mail upon request 



GAliOWAY 

TERRA COTTA CO. 

I 3218 WALNUT STREET, 

!HU.A0EU J H1A. 

FV.' YGfljK SHOWROONP 

RAFTSMAN BLDG...W:ST.EASr OF FIFTH AVE 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



49 



i^ not so strong, and, unlike the Bordeaux, 
it must be used immediately after mixing. 
The best way to get the Bordeaux for use 
in small quantities is to buy it ready pre- 
pared and dilute it as needed. The am- 
moniacal copper carbonate solution may 
be made as follows : Dilute 2 fluid ounces 
of ammonia in 15 ounces of water; mix 
2 teaspoonfuls of copper carbonate with 
enough water to make a paste ; mix the 
two together until thoroughly dissolved ; 
then add two gallons of water to dilute to 
spraying strength. This will make a con- 
venient amount to use in a hand-size com- 
pressed-air sprayer. Use it the same day 
as mixed. 

One of the greatest enemies of young 
plants and new shoots is the common 
brown cut worm, familiar to every body 
who sets out cabbage or tomato plants in 
the vegetable garden. Wherever a young 
flower stalk is found half eaten through, 
and as a consequence shriveled up, a care- 
ful search in the dirt about the plant will 
usually reveal this fellow curled up and 
"playing possum" ; a slight pinch just back 
of his head is the easiest way of disposing 
of him. If the cut worms appear in large 
numbers use poisoned bran mash and put 
it about the plants they are likely to attack 
late in the afternoon. A teaspoonful of 
Paris green, or two of arsenate of lead 
powder, a tablespoonful of molasses and 
a quart or so of bran, or a quantity of 
freshly cut grass will serve as a bait. 

When plants that seem to be otherwise 
healthy and unattacked by any other in- 
sects on the foliage fail quickly, the trou- 
ble is likely to be a borer or a white grub 
or wire worm working at the roots. Take 
the plant up carefully and examine it. A 
strong nicotine solution, tobacco dust 
spread thickly about the base of the plant 
and washed in with the watering can, or 
tea made of water and tobacco stems, will 
rid the soil of most of these things. To 
save individual plants make a hole several 
inches deep with a dibble and drop in a 
few drops of bisulphide of carbon, filling 
the hole up quickly. 

The specific remedies which have been 
mentioned will be found effective in most 
cases if used properly. But the gardener 
must always remember that his greatest 
safeguard lies in having his plants in 
robust, healthy growth. If they are at- 
tacked it will always pay to stimulate 
plant growth as well as to fight the insects, 
thus enabling the plants to withstand or 
recover from the resulting check. A hand- 
ful of guano, or of tankage and bone meal, 
mixed in and about the plant will often 
serve to enable it to recuperate rapidly, 
where otherwise it might have been per- 
manently injured. An ounce or two of 
nitrate of soda dissolved in hot water and 
diluted with two or three gallons of water 
and applied with a watering can will serve 
as an effective stimulant ; it should not, 
however, be applied when the ground is 
very dry without first watering the plant 
with plain water. 



^T^i.iAi.VJ.V.Vi'.WT.W^^ff^AV, 1 ! 1 . 1 . 1 ! 1 .^ 



A Porcelain Bath 

at the cost of enameled iron 



' I ""HE most important achieve- 
ment in recent years in the 
manufacture of bathtubs comes 
with the introduction of 

MOTT'S LIGHT-WEIGHT 
PORCELAIN BATH 

It costs about the same as 
enameled iron tubs of the same 
type and weighs but little more. 

Think what this means: 

To Homebuilders It brings the luxury 
of a solid porcelain bath at a moderate 
cost. Of all wares, porcelain stands su- 
preme for beauty and serviceability. It 
cleans as easily as a china bowl. 

To Architects Its light weight places 
no unusual stress on floors or beams. It is 
made only in the sanitary' built-in models. 

To Plumbers Being light in weight, 
it is cheap to transport and easy to handle 
and install. 




The "POMONA" fin in i recess ind 
is limit in the tiling at back and both 
ends. Pauceti ami waste may be 
placed at the back or at cither end. 




"PONTIAC" in made to build into 
either right or left corner. The com- 
bination supply and waste finings be- 
ing placed at the free end of the tub. 




The "PUTNAM" is built into either 
right or left corner of the bathroom 
with fittings concealed in the wall 
the bandies only being exposed. 



To learn more about the Light-Weight Porcelain 
Baths, send 4c for Mott's "Bathroom Book" 




THE J. L. MOTT IRON WORKS, Fifth Ave. & 17th St., New York 



f BoMon . -11 Pearl St.. Cor. Franklin. 

Pittsburfth .... 307 Fourth Ave. 
tChicago ... 104 -. Michigan Ave. 

Minneapolis . . Builder's Exchange. 

Atlanta, Peters Bldg., 7 PeaehlreeSt. 
fPhiladelphia . . . 1006 Filbert St. 



Kifhtf-uven reart 

Seattle .... 408 While Building. 

Cleveland . . 846 Leader-News Bid*. 

tDetroil Penohgmt Bldft. 

JToledo 450-434 Huron St. 

Portland. Ore. ... 3d & Oak Sis. 

f Waah'lon. D. C., . Woodward III. I/. 

t Snou'room* equipped with model bathroom*. 



ItlS 

New Orleans .814 Maiaon- Blanche 

Building. 
MII Franeueo ... 135 Kearner Si. 

fSt. I ..u,. Olive * 9th -I.. 

k ....... 1,1. . ... 'it!, A Wall -I-. 

{Montreal. Can. ... 134 Bleurv St. 



HEC 



lant for Immediate Effect 

Not for Future, G&neratians <== 




START with the largest itock 
that can be secured ! It takes 
over twenty years to grow many 
of the Ttees and Shrubs we offer. 



We do the long waiting thin 
enabling you to secure trees and 
shrub* that give immediate results. 
Price List Now Ready. 



HDRRA HuRSERIIS 

Wnv.Wrnr Harper 



Chestnut Hill. 

PhiU. Pa. 

Boat H 




In writing to advertisers, please mention HUUSE & GARDEN. 



5 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JULY, 191 5""! 



"ARTCRETE 

.. TRADE-MARK REGISTERED 



l'8,'<i inches high 
15 inchec wide 
41 inches lone 



39 mchei high 
30 inches wide 



15 inches -wide 
1Z inchcr, high 



Here are a few of the hundreds of designs of artistic, decorative furniture called 
ARTCRETE. They look as well, and are as appropriate indoors as out Fully 
illustrated circular sent on request. : Marble, Granite, or Antique Finish. 

HALL CONCRETE PRODUCTS COMPANY, INC. 

GRASSLAND, DELAWARE COUNTY, PA. 



HICKS' HARDY FLOWERS, SHRUBS 
AND TREES FOR JULY PLANTING 





color of the best varieties. 

Evergreens up to 25 ft. may be planted all summer. 
Carload shipments 1000 miles. Let us send you, free, 
2 White Spruce, 4 ft. high. Excellent for the seashore 
and mountains- 
Send for our catalog: By all means 
visit our Nursery if possible, and pick 
out just the Trees. Shrubs and Flowers 
you want. 



Isaac Hicks &Son 

Westbuni . Lon4 Island 



EVERYTHING for the HOME GROUNDS 

Ornamental, Deciduous. Shade and Weeping Trees, Flowering 
Shrubs, Barberry, Privet, Evergreens, Conifers. Hardy Trailing 
Vines, Climbers, Fruit Trees, Berry Buahea, Hardy Garden 
Plants, etc. The finest selection for lawn and garden 
planting, in America. More than 600 acres of choicest 
nursery produce. We will make a planting plan of your place, 
selecting trees, shrubs, etc., suitable to soil and situation, and 
give you the exact cost of planting and proper time to plant 
Send for Catalog D. 

The Stephen Hoyt's Sons Company 

Established 1848 New Canaan, Conn. Incorporated 1903 




excite the admiration of everyone. You can increase 
the beauty of your lawns by top dressing with 

DIAMOND BRAND COMPOST 

Well Rotted Horse Manure 
Dried Ground Odorless 

It is free from weed seeds, largely HUMUS and rich in plant 
foods. It will produce deep root growth which will enable the 
grass to withstand the hot dry months of summer. 
For new lawns it is invaluable. 

Excellent results can be had when used in the flower and 
vegetable garden. 

Put up in bags 100 Ibs. each. 

Write for circular "fl " and prices. 

NEW YORK STABLE MANURE CO. 
273 Washington St. Jersey City, N. J. 




LOOK OUT 
FOR SPARKS 

No more danger or damage from flying 
sparks. No more poorly fitted, flimsy fire- 
place screens. Send for free booklet 
"Sparks from the Fire-side." It tells about 
the best kind of a spark guard for your in- 
dividual fireplace. Write to-day for free 
booklet and make your plans early. 

The Syracuse Wire Works 

1O9 InlTcrilt j Avenue, S/racoM, N. T. 



A Terra Cotta 
TILE ROOF 



for modest priced houses is now specified by many leading 
architects. The Closed Shingle Tile Roof on this foundation 
cottage is not only leak-proof but absolutely fire-proof 
Hill require no paint, stain or repairs to 
preserve its beauty. It will last forever. 



Write for our illustrated booklet 'The Roof 
Beautiful," printed in colors, referring to the 
origin and use of Tiles, It contains views of 
many beautiful homes with Roofs of Terra 
Cotta Tile, and is sent free upon request. 



LUDOWICI-CELADON CO. 

Manufacturers of Terra Cotta Roofinz Tiles 

lien'] Offices: 1107-17 Monroe Hide. 

Chicazo, III. 




Dividing the Garden with 
Shrubbery 

(Continued from page 30) 

chosen for their foliage effectiveness. 
Iris sheathes, the long blades of hemero- 
callis, the broad, heavy leaves of the 
funkia, the feathery sprays of gypsophila, 
the matty growth of iberis, pinks and 
Sweet William, each has a distinct foliage 
value. Plants should be. selected for strik- 
ing flowers, so that a few plants will make 
strong color notes in the planting. Plants 
with long-blooming periods should be 
given preference, for then only a few 
kinds will be needed for a continuous suc- 
cession of bloom. Here German iris and 
yellow day lilies, Hemerocallis flava, for 
the spring bloom ; yellow marguerite, 
Anthemis Kelivayi, and phlox for summer 
flowers, and tall, reddish-purple New 
England asters for the autumn form the 
heavier masses for the borders. Arabis, 
Iberis, harebells and coral bells are used 
as edging. Besides, columbines, fox- 
gloves, peach bells, larkspurs, Penstemon 
(which grow in spikes with graceful 
drooping blossoms), Madonna lilies and 
delicate Japanese anemones crowd the 
borders with bright color throughout the 
season. 

The path does not end with the flower 
border. It extends under the rose arch 
between the hedges of currant bushes in 
the vegetable garden to the end of the 
property. This change in the border of 
the patch appears to increase its length, 
and the long vista down the patch gives a 
feeling of size to the grounds. The vista 
is to be terminated by a garden seat har- 
monious in design with the lattice work. 

Three maple trees, placed at equal in- 
tervals along the back of the property, 
make a shady border for shade-loving 
shrubs, such as Aralia pentaphylla, cor- 
nels and viburnums, snowberry and 
Clethra. This shrubbery hides the street 
just beyond. Fences covered with honey- 
suckle enclose two sides, and a row of 
fruit trees completes the enclosure. These 
screens separating the vegetable garden 
from the rest of the grounds have a dis- 
tinct value in making it attractive. 



The House of Seven Hearths 
(Continued front page 33) 

covering of the famous House of Seven 
Gables at Salem, recently restored by the 
architect of the present dwelling. 

Naturally the fireplace in the living- 
room end is the largest and most import- 
ant. With a breadth of twelve feet and 
an opening five by three feet, and four 
feet deep, it is truly impressive. Here 
logs a foot or eighteen inches in diameter 
can be burned, and the construction has 
been so entirely safe that the fiercest blaze 
need cause no nervousness to the most 
timid soul. Perhaps whole oxen could not 
be roasted here, but the wide, cavernous 
opening with its massive iron fire dogs 



In uriting to advertisers, please mention HOUSE S- GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



makes one think, nevertheless, of the old 
Colonial days when wood was something 
which literally had to be got rid of by 
one means or another before the fields 
could be cleared or tilled. 

In direct contrast is the fireplace in the 
den. Small and simple, like the room, 
which is compact and cosily low-ceiled, it 
is still deep-throated and capable of pro- 
ducing great heat in a short time. On 
cold mornings or chill, rainy autumn days 
this hearth, with its warm, red face and 
small hot blaze glowing back of the tall 
andirons, is cosier, more intimate than the 
roaring blaze which at other times appeals 
to other moods. 

Upstairs the hearths are all attractive 
and all of distinctive individuality. In one 
room the fireplace stands in an alcove. 
Exigencies of construction made two 
courses of brick desirable, thus raising the 
projecting hearth several inches from the 
floor. Instead of being objectionable, the 
effect is quite as if the thoughtful archi- 
tect had built with a kindly eye to the 
more comfortable and convenient toasting 
of toes. An easy chair drawn up, with 
well-filled book shelves on one hand and 
shaded lamp on the other, brings irresist- 
ibly to one's mind a pleasant picture of 
the cosy bedtime hour, when a book and 
a pipe, or perhaps just ten minutes or so 
of relaxation, seem to make sleep so much 
the sounder. 

In another room, a smallish dressing 
room, an interesting old steel basket grate 
filled with pine cones or light wood stands 
in the fireplace. At the touch of a match 
this flares up in a quick, hot blaze, warm- 
ing the room thoroughly on the frostiest 
of autumn mornings. 

Another of the seven hearths, and al- 
most the most picturesque of all, is the 
outdoor fireplace. It was, in a way, an 
afterthought, born of the desirability of 
breaking up the sheer, monotonous ex- 
panse of stonework on the east chimney. 
There being enough room for an extra flue, 
the problem was met by the addition of 
still another fireplace, which the wiseacres 
around the village store regard as quite 
the most freakish of all a fireplace out- 
of-doors. From their point of view they 
may be right. No really useful purpose 
is served, no heating difficulty met by the 
presence of this delightful eccentricity. 
Nevertheless, on still, cold nights, when 
the air nips and the perennial, boyish love 
of a campfire rises strong within one, a 
mass of dry brush and branches is always 
ready for the lighting. A rough, square 
terrace flagged with wide, flat, weathered 
slabs makes a perfect spot on which to 
gather, chatting, laughing, singing, telling 
tales -- perhaps just sprawling silent 
watching the yellow flames spout up the 
thirsty throat to flower from the chimney 
top in sprays of golden sparks that drift 
slowly across the spangled night until one 
by one they vanish. 

There are other hearths, each one of 
which has some distinctive feature. It 



Danger Signs in Trees! 
Heed Them! 

A little decayed spot on your tooth what do you do? 
A knock in your automobile engine what is your t r i 
thought ? Large or small, the weak and decayed places in y. u r 
trees should be treated by real Tree Surgery before it is too late. 
Real Tree Surgery is Davey Tree Surgery. It is mechani- 
cally perfect and scientifically accurate. It saves trees. Real 
Tree Surgery is available only through 

Davey Tree Surgeons 

In order to safeguard yourself and your trees and get service of per- 
manent value, come direct to headquarters. If you don't care to experi- 
ment, if you wi;h to avoid Rial-practitioners and irresponsible!, if you want 
to save your trees there is one safe place to go Davey. 

Write today for free examination of your trees. Learn their condition 
and needs from an expert source without obligation. Ask for literature 
illustrating Davey Tree Surgery. 

The Davey Tree Expert Co., 1 1 24 Elm St., Kent, Ohio 

(Operating the Davey Institute ol Tree Surgery) 
Branches In Principal Cities. Accredited Representatives Everywheie, 



Have your trees examined N( 




PRIVATE UTILITIES 



Give Water and Light Service Equal to 
the Best Public Utility Plants in Cities 

The largest and smallest residence, no matter where located, can be equipped with all the 
comforts of the city home. The Kewanee is the original air pressure water system, supplying 
water under strong pressure for bathroom, kitchen, laundry, garden, garage, barns and stock . 
Excellent fire protection. No elevated tanks. Anybody can operate. The Kewanee is 
built as a complete and compact system in our factory and ready for a life-time of good 
service as soon as the shipping crate is taken off. Cost from $45.00 up, according to capacity 
desired. Our dealers are high class mechanics and will install a Kewanee System, with our 
guarantee of success. KEWANEE PRIVATE UTILITIES give daily service and remove 
the last objections to comfortable country living. 

Water Supply Systems Sewage Disposal Plants Electric Light Plants i 

Gasoline Engines Gasoline Storage Plants Vacuum Cleaning Systems | COMPLETE S CGMFWCT 
Send for illustrated bulletin* on any or all the above 



KEWANEE PRIVATE UTILITIES COMPANY, 122 South Franklin Street. KEWANEE, ILLINOIS 



Kewanee Water Supply Camvnnv'l 



Br&nch Office* 50 Church Street. NEW YORK ftnd 1212 H.rquett. Bulldtox. CHICAGO 





IRON FENCES 

There's an iron fence in New York 
that was erected in time of King George 
After 150 years, it's as solid as ever. 

If right materials and workmanship 
are used, iron fences and gateways have 
an everlasting lastingness. It's the 
kind we build. Is it the kind you want 
to buy? 

We will design one especially for you. 

Send for catalog and prices. 



2420 Yandes St.. Indianapolis. Ind. 



Wren House 

4 compartments. 
Price. H.SO. 



Birds Beautify 
and Protect 
Gardens 

pROVIDE Homes for the 
Birds. Both Birds and 
Bird Houses add to the at- 
tractiveness of the garden. 

Birds feed on Weed Seeds. Plant-Destroying Insects, 

and Worms. 

This beautiful Bird House is designed to 
especially attract the Wrens Wrens have two 
broods each season. Put up a house HOW. Birds 
will get acquainted and raise second family in it. 

Buy direct from makers at factory prices. Our 
line is complete, meeting every requirement of Birds. 
We are the largest exclusive 
manufacturers of Bird 
Houses in the world. 



Bird Bath 
Made of Cement. 
Price. 916.00 



Illustrated Book of Bird 
. Homes and Lawn Accessories 
sent FREE. Write for a copy 
today. 

E.E. Edmanson&Co. 

624-634 S. Norton Street 
Chicago, III. 



In 'ur 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JULY, 1915 




IT'S a health heat because it is a fresh air heat. 
It heats and ventilates at the same time. 
It is not the dry, intense heat of radiators, 
but a cozy, comfort-giving heat, automatically 
mixed with the right, healthful amount of 
moisture. 

No ugly radiators that you must stoop way 
over, to turn on and off; or that collect dirt 
under them. In their place, you have j ust 
simple, unnoticeable floDr or wall inlets that 
can be easily and quickly shut off or on. 

Kelsey Health Heat burns less coal and gives 
more heat- than radiator heat. We can prove 
it. Want the proofs? 

Send for Booklet Som3 Saving Sense on 
Heating. 



T 



HL 

VARM AIR 



237 James Street ' 'Syracuse, N. Y. 

Dealer* in all Principal Cities 
Chicago New York 

2767-K Lincoln Aye. 103-K Park Ave. 

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Address Dept. A 



BIDDLE-GAUMER COMPANY 



3846-56 Lancaster Ave. 



Philadelphia, Pa. 




may be only a curiously fiat rock, 
diamond-shaped and sunk above the man- 
tle after the fashion of an escutcheon. 
Perhaps it will be found in some subtle, 
effective assembling of the lichened stones 
in a chimney face, or yet again in the 
graceful lines and contours of a whole 
massive pile of stone tapering to a chim- 
ney pot. But always there is evidence in 
the work of care and love and infinite 
painstaking. Just as the conception must 
have been the offspring of a brain in 
which the poetry and charm of hearth 
stones was paramount, so, too, the actual 
laying of each stone has been done in 
sympathy. It's rather a pleasant thought, 
somehow, to realize that these workmen, 
unknown, unremembered, save by what 
they have left behind, have done that work 
with heart, as well as head and hand. 



The Gardening of an Impatient 
Woman 

(Continued from page 35) 

and plants. "Sulky" is the word for them 
when they are not satisfied with their 
surroundings, and so you have to study 
their whims and fancies and the best 
way to do this is always to see how the 
great and supreme teacher Nature does 
her work. Any observant person will 
notice that the darkest green things are 
usually in moist, shady places and that 
most highly colored flowers grow better in 
the open sunlight, while the more delicate 
tinted ones require less of it. To go back 
to my ferns then I soon saw that what 
I liked wasn't going to please them, so, as 
I realized that they must have more water 
than they had been getting under the 
overhanging eaves of the house, I deliber- 
ately moved them in the middle of July! 
I had sense enough to take a damp, cloudy 
morning and I put them where I was al- 
ready putting so much water daily under 
that thirsty pine tree. But despite the 
watering and the shade they soon wilted 
and apparently died. I was by no means 
willing, however, to take up fifty of these 
again, so I cut off all the dead leaves about 
an inch above the ground and waited for 
results. This may sound paradoxical from 
a self-confessed impatient woman, but, 
you see, my better half had cast too many 
slurs on my garden attempts (he being an 
expert vegetable grower) for me not to be 
put upon my mettle. I might say, in pass- 
ing, that he strongly objected to all the?e 
"weeds" of mine being so close to his 
precious corn, potatoes and beans, for fear 
their seeds would give him trouble the fol- 
lowing year. But I retorted that he ought 
to be glad that it was the flowers which 
were wild, and not his wife and there 
really seemed to be no answer to that, 
from a respectable married man, at least. 
My patience was finally rewarded, for in 
less than a month tiny fronds from the 
ferns could be seen raising their dainty, 
timid heads in that arid desert, and they 
soon set about beautifying it from that 
time on. 

In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



And now I must tell of my chef- 
d'oeuvre. I had seen with envy the at- 
tractive bird baths of my neighbors, for 
which they had paid anything over a ten- 
dollar bill, and I longed for one of my 
own, but had no idea of giving any such 
price. (Since then there has been one 
advertised for five dollars which looks 
very satisfactory.) The shape of many of 
these reminded me of the wooden kitchen 
chopping-bowl, so I purchased a new one 
for sixty cents, stained it brown on the 
outside only and put it on a cut-off 
mop handle on which projecting arms 
were nailed to hold it. As this article had 
no devastating seeds to broadcast, the Dis- 
paraging One kindly stopped his more 
important task and made it for me. I was 
a proud woman, until one hot day the 
bowl split in two with a resounding re- 
port, for I had forgotten to oil it thor- 
oughly before putting water in it. It was 
replaced by another, which had three coats 
of linsed oil soaked in twenty- four hours 
apart. This was set in a three-cornered 
plot, formed by paths, and around it that 
first year I put zinnias and marigolds, but 
in the fall I planted the perennials, which 
were to stay there permanently. And, by 
the way, I found that the birds, too, had 
their preferences ; they do not like too high 
or too thick plants around their bathroom, 
for fear of their enemy, the cat, which 
they could not very well see under those 
circumstances. Also they must have a lit- 
tle runway down into the basin, as they are 
not given to diving into unknown depths 
of water. 



Some Marvels of Insect Life 
(Continued from page 37) 

nervous system occupies the lower side of 
the body, the circulatory system the upper 
side, with the alimentary system central. 
The circulatory system is of a simpler 
character than is to be found in any of the 
backboned animals. What may be termed 
as heart (it is usually known as the "dor- 
sal vessel") is a series of about eight con- 
nected sacs extending one behind the other 
from head to tail, and opening one into the 
other by valves which permit the blood 
to flow in one direction onlv ^om beHnd 
forwards. There are no arteries or veins, 
the blood filling vacant spaces between the 
internal organs. There are valvular open- 
ings in the sides of the dorsal vessel as 
well as at the ends ; and as the chambers 
of the vessel contract and expand in rota- 
tion the blood is drawn in from all parts 
and sent in a stream to the forepart, 
whence it finds its way again all over the 
body. 

The nervous system consists of a brain, 
situated above the gullet, and a double 
series of nerve-cords extending to the fur- 
ther extremity of the body along the lower 
surface, connecting up a large number of 
ganglia, or knots from which run nerves 
to all parts. 

The digestive system occupies the 
greater part of the body cavity and con- 
sists of various well-defined portions. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 




FREIGHT 
PAID 



Save the Top and One Profit 

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There are other articles in the " Bucyrus Bilt" line 
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temperature practical outdoor furniture. Write 
for literature at once. 

WHITE SALES CO. 



Dept. A 



BUCYRUS, OHIO 




OWN AT LEAST ONE 
GOOD ORIENTAL RUG 

Place it in your living room and give it 
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Other floor coverings will come and go 
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It is my aim to sell you at least one rug 
to make you a customer for life. I buy 
and sell because to do so gives me pleas- 
ure and keeps me busy. I will prepay a 
selection of rugs for you to look over and 
return, at my expense, if you possibly can. 

Send for Litt of Rug* and Free Boolltt. 
L. B. LAWTON, MAJOR U. S. A., Retired 
LE1TCH AVENUE, SKANEATELES. NEW YORK 



Tulips, Hyacinths 



and other Bulbs 
at special prices 
_ lor early orders. 

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Bertrand H. Farr, 106 Garfield Ave., Wyomi.sing, Pa. 



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National Fire Proofinr Company. Department V. Pittshurih. Pennsylvania 



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which differ in the several orders, accord- 
ing to the nature of the food. It will be 
understood that in many insects whose 
habits change during their life period con- 
siderable modification takes place in this 
system. 

There are still a considerable number 
of people to whom the mention of senses 
in insects must appear to be the purest 
nonsense. Believing that it is derogatory 
to man's status, as the "lord of creation," 
to concede the possession of intelligence 
to the lower animals, insects are consi- 
dered by them to be mere automata moved 
by instincts, and, therefore, not in need of 
senses. Perhaps, also, there may be a 
difficulty in believing that it is possible to 
crowd into such minute bodies the organi- 
zation that is necessary for the develop- 
ment and exercise of sense. That insects 
are not quite so plentifully provided with 
different senses as man may be admitted, 
perhaps : on the other hand, there is rea- 
son for believing that those they have are 
finer than the corresponding ones that we 
possess. 

Many insects have the power of sound- 
production, and that power is usually con- 
fined to the male sex. This implies that 
it is of use in the courtship of the species, 
and further that the other sex at least 
must be provided with organs of hearing 
to render this sound-production effective. 
Some naturalists have argued that insects 
are without ears, and can only appreciate 
sounds as air vibrations by the sense of 
touch. Against this we have the fact that 
in many of the grasshopper family there 
is a distinct ear, imperfectly formed in 
those species that do not produce sounds, 
but highly developed in those that do. In 
some species these ears are situated on the 
upper side of the hind-body, just above the 
base of the hind-leg: in others they will 
be found on the shank of the front pair 
of legs, a little below the knee. There is 
a tense membrane or drum covering an 
inner chamber in which are auditory rods 
connecting with the nerves of hearing and 
collecting impressions from the vibrations 
of the drum. In other insects it is be- 
lieved that the sense of hearing has its 
organ in the antennae. Ants and certain 
species of bees have in their antennae flask- 
shaped organs known as "Hicks' bottles" 
(from their discoverer, Braxton Hicks), 
and Lubbock believed that they act as 
microscopic stethoscopes. Some of the 
hairs on the wonderful antennae of the 
male mosquito and gnat have been proved 
to respond to the vibrations of a tuning 
fork giving 512 vibrations to the second. 
Other hairs were found to vibrate to other 
notes, extending through the middle an<3 
next higher octave of the piano. It was 
found that the hum of the female mos- 
quito was of just the necessary pitch to 
set these hairs vibrating. Mayer found 
that the song of the female affected the 
hairs of one antenna of the male more 
than those of the other, but by altering 
the position of its head until both antennae 
were evidently affected the male knew in 

In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE i GASDEN. 



n c: A i / 

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Plaster grips "Kno-Burn" like fingers. It 

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Northwestern Expanded 
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937 Old Colony Building 






CHICAGO, ILL. 




J - VI ASBESTOS HOOFINGS 

Sometimet called "111 e Evertating Roof."Invetizate J-M Roof 

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H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE COMPANY 

' 




A BIRD BATH 

makes an attractive center- 
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and will attract the feath- 
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We have the largest col- 
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ornaments and can fill every 
requirement. Illustrated 
catalogue sent on request. 

The Erkins Studios 

Tftf LaTffftl M anufaetureri 

of Ornamental Slant 
226 Lexington Avenue, N.Y. 
Factory - Astoria, L.I. 



54 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



1915 




No. 21, Blue Bird 



pecker. No. 23, Wren 



RUSTIC HOUSES 

have a special attraction for Birds for that is 
what they nested in, before civilized (?) man came 
with his slashing and destroying axe. 

These three for $3.50. Best Wire Sparrow Trap, $4.00 

Free circular. Booklet free with every order. 
It is not too late now to put up Bird Houses. 
You will be sure to attract some for their second 
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THE CRESCENT CO., "Blrdvllle," Toms River, N. J. 



This Book 

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Dept. 451 

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MANUFACTURERS OF 

HUDSON SHINGLES 




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SYSTEM 



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which direction to fly, and was by this 
means able to guide himself to within five 
degrees of the direction of the female. 

In addition to the organs named, others 
of a special sense have been discovered 
at or near the base of the wings in flies, 
beetles, butterflies and moths, dragon-flies 
and grasshoppers, with a trace of them in 
bugs. These have been variously con- 
sidered organs of smell and hearing. In 
the two-winged flies there are the rudi- 
ments of a second pair of wings, known as 
halteres or balancers. At the base of the 
halteres there are a number of small blad- 
ders arranged in four groups, to each of 
which extends a branch of a large nerve 
after the optic nerve, the largest in the 
insect. Each of these bladders is per- 
forated and contains a minute hair. It is 
thought that these sense organs allow the 
perception of movements which the 
halteres perform, and which enable the 
fly to direct its course. 

There are some common insects that 
seem doomed to remain unknown, not only 
to the general public, but to the enthusias- 
tic entomologist also. Among these are 
the aleurodes, or powder-wings, a name 
given to them because their wings, instead 
of being covered with microscopic scales, 
as in the butterflies and moths, are coated 
with a delicate powder very like flour for 
fineness. Several species that may be 
found on the under surface of leaves have 
a very close resemblance to a small moth. 
Indeed, the great Linnaeus actually in- 
cluded these insects as moths in his natural 
system of classification. Other great men 
followed "the illustrious Swede," and it 
remained for Latrielle, in 1795, to show 
that these insects had near affinity to the 
plant-lice, among which he placed them. 
Later investigators, for good reasons, have 
removed them from that family, though 
allowing them to remain in the same order 
as the plant-lice and the scale-insects. To 
the last-named they are more nearly akin 
than to any other family. 

One of the reasons why so few students 
of insect life have paid any attention to 
this group is to be found, no doubt, in 
their small size, and in the difficulty in 
some cases the impossibility of distin- 
guishing between the species in their 
winged condition. The wings are always 
white or pale yellow, spotless or with in- 
definite darker marks, reminding one of 
the finger-and-thumb mark on the sides 
of the haddock. It is in the earlier stages 
that we find differences of form, color, or- 
namentation and food-plant that enable us 
the better to distinguish between the 
species. 

They are produced from eggs, the ma- 
ture insect not sharing the power\ pos- 
sessed by the plant-lice for producing liv- 
ing young. These eggs are elliptical in 
shape, with a short footstalk by means of 
which they are attached erectly to the un- 
der side of a leaf. They are usually 
colored pale yellow or orange ; and one 
female lays a large number of them. They 
hatch in from ten days to a fortnight on 

In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



an average, say, twelve days ; and it is 
interesting to note that similar periods 
bound the larval and pupal stages. The 
newly hatched larva one can hardly ap- 
ply the term grub in this case imme- 
diately selects a suitable spot into which 
to insert its beak, and there it remains un- 
til it has acquired wings. At this period 
it is elliptical in shape, almost flat, and so 
thin and colorless as to be nearly trans- 
parent. For this reason it is difficult to 
make out any organs ; but as growth pro- 
ceeds these become more evident. The 
presence or absence of hairs and spines, 
differences of color and of the character 
of waxy fringes, distinguishes the species 
one from another. One organ is evident in 
all species from the beginning. This is 
an opening on the upper side of the hind- 
most segment of the body, and it is fitted 
with a sort of lid for closing it or opening 
to allow the extrusion of a tongue-like 
process. From this orifice the insect ap- 
pears to furnish a sweet, sticky fluid like 
that supplied by j>lant-lice and scale-in- 
sects, and it has the similar power of en- 
listing the kindly offices of ants for their 
protection. In most respects these larval 
powder-wings are like scale-insects. 

In most species the pupal stage is en- 
tered upon within the skin of the larva ; 
on being withdrawn the rudiments of the 
future legs and antennae may be seen. In 
some cases the larval skin breaks up and 
reveals the pupa. 

The perfect insects may be distin- 
guished from the two-winged male scale- 
insects by the possession of four wings. 
There is a common species to be found on 
the under side of bramble leaves near the 
ground, whose habits the present writer 
has had the opportunity for watching more 
closely than in other species. It is found 
that the female, before laying her pale 
yellow eggs, takes care to dust a small area 
of the leaf with the white meal, presum- 
ably from the under surface of her wings. 
This is a useful clue to anybody searching 
for the eggs, which are very minute and 
not appreciable to some eyes. If these 
mealy patches are first found, the pocket- 
lens may be brought into requisition, and 
the eggs will be found scattered over the 
patch, and standing on end like ninepins. 

There is one species that is found on 
the under side of cabbage leaves, and, ac- 
cording to the gardening books, in such 
numbers as to be regarded as a pest. The 
cabbage powder-wing may be distin- 
guished from that found on bramble by an 
additional dark patch, extending nearly 
across the middle of the wing from back 
to front. A very similar species is that 
found on the celandine. 

One with the wings entirely unspotted 
may be found in numbers upon the haw- 
thorn and other plants. In the larval stage 
this is a more striking form, owing to the 
white, mealy patches upon its upper side 
and the fringe of waxy hairs around the 
margins of the body. 



I jri.v. i')'5 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



The House in Summer Negligee 
(Continued from page 17) 

In place of Holland covers, which give 
a room such a transitory appearance, 
chintz covers are advisable. Chintz is bet- 
ter than linen, as linen crushes and creases 
easily. Using the winter furniture with 
chintz covers and with the addition of a 
few pieces of wicker, a room is completely 
transformed. There is an endless variety 
of wicker, willow and rattan furniture, 
and, whereas at one time it was relegated 
to the porch, it is now used the year round 
in all rooms. 

Shabby, old furniture, with the super- 
fluous gew-gaws removed and a few coats 
of paint-enamel applied, comes well into 
use as summer furniture. Those who are 
not sufficiently artistic to decorate furni- 
ture can use some of the pretty, simple 
stencil patterns little bouquets and bas- 
kets charming in their very simplicity. 

English cottage furniture in oak and 
walnut is suitable for the living- and 
dining-room. The lines are straight and 
simple and the construction serviceable. 
Italian and Tyrolean peasant painted fur- 
niture is very much in vogue. It is also, 
alas, expensive. 

No one piece is more serviceable for 
summer than a chaise tongue. It is the 
embodiment of cool comfort. One of 
wicker comes into two parts, one part 
forming a comfortable chair when sep- 
arated, the other a large footstool. Cov- 
ered with vari-flowered chintz to match 
the hangings of the room this one piece 
will alter more than anything else, per- 
haps, the appearance of our summer 
quarters. 



Making a Garden for Cut Flowers 
(Continued from page 19) 

the asters are saved that reward is suf- 
ficient. Together with the pink tulips in 
this bed is rock cress, Arabis Albida, the 
double variety which blooms a little later 
than the single Alpina, but is far prettier 
and lasts twice as long. The colors of this 
south bed are, for the most part, yellow 
and white. Gaillardias and anthemis 
bloom all summer, and the white feverfew 
another perennial that needs only a 
straw or leaf mulch looks well with them. 
The cosmos I cut back, which makes them 
shorter and stronger and produces more 
flowers. 

In the corner bed the row of white bol- 
tonias bloom for Labor Day, and I fill all 
the large vases in the house with them. 
In front of these, you will notice, are 
planted pink and white peonies. The snap- 
dragon, an annual which comes in won- 
derful colors, blooms until a heavy frost 
and lasts many days in water. This cor- 
ner bed is edged with petunias. Once 
started in June, they are always in bloom. 
I tried the pink Rosy Morn, but could 
not keep out the magenta strain, so I now 
have only white. 




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The Wilson Combination Venetian 
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Reference* required. 



Prize Winning 

PEONIES 



Strictly True to Name 
Awards by American Peony Society 

Our splendid collection of select varieties is well worth 
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S. G. HARRIS 



Tarrytown, N. Y. 



THE FLY 

is the commonest carrier of disease. By 
keeping the premises clean of garbage 
and refuse the danger from this pest is 
reduced to a rrinimum. Keep your 
garbage out of sight by using a 

Norristone ttt^-nd 
Garbage Receptacle 

The light, durable, Solid Cast Aluminum Cover is 
pleasing to the eye and will not rust or corrode. The 
cylinder which holds the galvanized garbage pail is made 
of reinforced Norristone concrete and is indestructible. 
It a invaluable as a fireproof receiver for sweepings and 
oily waste in Factory or Garage. 

Writ* for illuit rated booklet and full information to 
J. FRANK NORRIS, Norris Street, Rochester, N.Y. 




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htucle* ud att.wnpt.jd to Main then rour.w.f. 

Ask DS for this Free Packet 

of Sample Shingle Strip* 




I ahowinff color* 
you can *! t *! 
u. .... 



th natural wool. From It 
rw d**ir>. If yo toll 
tnnofyf 



TRANSFER STAINED SHINGLE CO. 

165 Main Street NORTH TONAWANDA, N. Y. 

slurs six ol IK. ..p.r.or ..!> 

"Transfer Brand" Red Cedar Shingles 



In writing to advertisers, please mention Housi & GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



JULY, 1915 







THE CHOICE 
OF CULTURED MUSICIANS 

Of all the beautiful possessions with which the 

refined home is adorned, none other is 

so indicative of the owner's culture and 

musical taste as a 

GRAND Piano. 

Those first impressions 

of discriminating taste, 

instantly aroused by 

the simple beauty of 

the Kranich & Bach 

Grand, are confirmed 

and enhanced by the 

exquisite tone of this 

matchless instrument. 




X 

Words can 

convey little 

conceptionof 

the artistic superiority of the 

Kranich fiiBachSmall Grand. 

Ahhough only 5' 4" long it 

produces, in a manner almost 

unbelievable, all the magnificent qualities of tone that make 

"grands" infinitely more satisfying than "upright" pianos. With 

its new full-tone scale and the marvelous "Isotonic Pedal," this 

superb instrument IS the Small Grand leader of the world 

supreme and incomparable. 

Golden Anniversary Booklet Mailed on Request. 

KRANICH & BACH, 233-243 E. 2 3 d St., New York 



Small Grand 
Price $700 

(Freight and handling added) 
I Deferred Payments Practically 

* r j~i 

a 

: 



at Your Convenience. 



IRISES 

EXCLUSIVELY 

Beautiful Catalog on Request 
THE GARDENS DAYTON, OHIO 



KRELAGE'S 
DUTCH BULBS 

FOR FALL PLANTING 

including the world-renowned novelties 
of their own raising (Darwin and Rem- 
brandt Tulips, etc.), are offered in their 
new catalogue, sent free on request to 

J. A. dC VEER, I?" Age.nt for 




100 WILLIAM STREET (Suite 



United States 
200) NEW YORK 




Mature Neighbors a Library of fascinating 
books about Birds. Animals. Minerals and Plants, 
by leading scientists. More than 1,500 color 
specimens 648 full page color plates John 
Burroughs says they are "astonishingly good." 

Books that awaken the love of Nature and add to your 
enjoyment of Nature. 

Free Folder in colors desrrihinir these books and the famous 
D..dson hook. "How 10 Win Birds," hoth free on request. Write to 
JOSEPH H. DODSON, 731 Security Bldg.. Chicago, 111. 



For implanted properties 

of less than an acre, get our 
New Property Proposition. 

THOMAS MEEHAN & SONS 

Pioneer Nurserymen of America 
Box 40 Germantown, Phila. 




j n I J ) Then write for our interest- 
10 nil I In I ing hook written just for 

* * prospective builders. 
THE YALE & TOWNE MFG. CO. 
Mkr. of Yale Product.. 9 F.. 40th St., New York 



Going 



Imperial Dutch Bulbs 

Are all grown in Holland. At harvest time, when 
they are sorted and graded, the largest and 
most promising are selected for me by one of the 
most extensive growers. 

It is with these choice bulbs that I fill my 
orders placed before July 15th. 

These are my Imperial Quality 
Bulbs. The very cream of the 
bulb market of Holland. 

WHAT I OFFER: 
In order to get you acquainted 
with these Imperial Quality 
Bulbs, I will supply the following 
collections, consisting of ten each 
of ten fine, named varieties in 
each collection names sent on 
application. 

100 Single Early Tulips $1 .00 

UK) May Flowering Tulips ... tl . 50 

100 Darwin Tulips $2.00 

100 Crocuses (4 varieties) ... $1 .00 

100 Hyacinths (Bedding Size) S3. 00 

100 Narcissus $1 . SO 

If the entire 600 bulbs are 
ordered at $10.00, I will prepay 
the delivery to any part of the United States. 
You to pay the delivery on smaller orders. 

Send today for my Bulb Book and list of the 
varieties included in this special offer. 





[IRON AND WIRE FENCES I 

^^^T 



of all descriptions (or City 
f and Suburban Hornet. Write today 
f far our Fence and Gate Catalogue, and 
f ttat* briefly your requirement*. 

/AMERICAN FENCE CONSTRUCTION Co. 

/ 100 Church Street, New York 





VANITY 
FAIR 



Tht Julf number, de- 
rated to the sosoc's 
sports, dr imi and *rt 
now slc. Twenty 
{ire celts. 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 





fa Jma/S Water 

German Police, t6eDo& offfie ffour 
O/d Boxidood in Neu) Gardens - Arts 
and Crafts in tne f/ome of Good Taste 




Pkce YOUR ORDER Ahead for 
THE SEPTEMBER NUMBER OP 

HOUSE , GARDEN 



It will have, several exceptionally interesting features and will 
command a brisk sale, Among these features are the following: 

THE SMALL TOWN COUNTRY CLUB. Down in Louisville, Ky., 

a, small suburban community wanted a country club. The people 
were not rich although some belonged to a more swagger association 
nearby. They set to, built, furnished and landscaped a club house 
for $10,000. It's a winner commodious, comfortable, and, from 
the points of architecture and decoration, wholly commendable. It's 
the sort of building that many a small community would be inter* 
ested in. Read about it. 

COLLIES AND THEIR POINTS. A general story on what the collie 
is today and what made him so. How to judge a good collie. 
Hints on training and care. 

HEATING AND VENTILATING THE HOUSE. From September on 

the problem of heating systems comes to the fore, and this is a plain 
statement of the three types hot air, steam and vapor their essen- 
tial points, advantages and disadvantages. Diagrams and photo- 
graphs show construction principles. A study of this article may 
help in reducing your coal bills. 

THE NATURALISTIC ARRANGEMENT OF A SMALL PROPERTY. 

This is a city place and the owner wanted to shut out the city and 
give the place a country environment. He did it by screening the 
whole property in with shrubbery and trees, making an enclosed lawn 
and a narcissus lawn and fixing up a stone-bordered pool. You 
wouldn't know you were in Rochester, N. Y. 

BUILDING FOR HOSPITALITY. If guest rooms, why not a guest 
house? Here are examples of how a corn crib was converted into 
a little guest house, how a stable was utilized, etc. The types shown 
are not all expensive and for the man with the small place and 
purse, building for hospitality is a reasonable scheme. 

THE BALANCE SHEET OF AN ORCHARD, juiian Dimock (if you 

don't know him you ought to) staked out a claim on an old orchard 
in Vermont. When he told about it he was asked, "Does it pay?" 
And this article is his answer. It's the sort of efficiency and com- 
monsense answer that settles all doubts about the success or failure 
of the back-to-the-landers. 

Single Copies 25 cents. Annual Subscription $3 

HOUSE (& GARDEN j 

445 FOURTH AVENUE NEW YORK CITY 



. \rcisr, 



HOrSK AND GARDEN 




Vogue is a beautifully illustrated magazine; the acknowledged 
authority on what is worn by well-dressed American women. 

Vogue is fashion's herald. Vogue is to fashion what the prologue 
is to the play. Its editors step before the curtain and make an= 
nouncement of styles immediately to be presented. 

The August 1st issue, now on the news stands, has much of 
interest from England and the Continent, a SPECIAL NUMBER 
replete with photographs of well-known people, their homes and 
gardens, their activities and recreations; a midsummer number 
of exceptional midsummer interest. 

The August 15th number will be the annual Children's Fashions 
Number- -probably the most delightfully attractive August )5th 
number of Vogue ever issued; children's frocks, children's garden's, 
children's playrooms, children's dances; Japanese children, Royal 
children, children of well-known mothers; every page reflecting 
the sweetness and beauty of child life at its best. 

The September 1st number will present the annual forecast of 
Autumn fashions. 

Vogue is published twice every month. The annual subscrip- 
tion is $4.00 (twenty-four numbers). Six months $2.00. Single 
copies 25 cents. 

ADVANCE ORDERS received b y NEWS DEALERS 



VOGUE 



443 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK 



In writing to advertisers f/tase mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 




nr ^nl/> /rns? Rent A department for selling and renting country properties. A special rate is 
OT Oai^e and J\eni made f or space under this heading, which includes the preparation of a cut 

from your photograph without extra charge. Readers of "House and Garden" desiring properties not found in this directory are 

invited to write us. t We have many desirable places listed and are in constant touch with the leading country real estate dealers 

throughout the country and are in a position to find the property you are seeking. Readers are also invited to send in descriptions of their own properties for sale or rent 

for listing in our office, for which no charge is made. Address Real Estate Department," House & Garden, 445 Fourth Ave., New York. 




Riverdale-on-Hudson, 242d St. & Broadway 
Between Van Curtlandt Park and the Hudson River 

COMBINES THE ADVANTAGES OF 
ACCESSIBILITY 
ENVIRONMENT 
AND HEALTH 

Here are plots with individuality, amid pictur- 
esque hills and woodlands, right in New York City. 

DELAFIELD ESTATE 

25 Cedar Street Tel. 277 John, New York 




Residence of Clayton S. Cooper (Author) 




^C: Ijj 



r\ 

fljjJLTy^f perfect home town 

yV 



New York Office 56 Cedar Street 



A HOUSE BUILT THROUGHOUT OF 
NATCO Hnllow Tilp is thoroughly fireproof, and 
11.TA 1 \^\J nOllOW 1 116 is coo i er in Summer, and 
warmer in Winter than one of any other construction. It is cheaper 
than brick, stone or cement. SEND FOR L1TERA TURE 
National Fire Proofing Company. Department Y, Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania 



Inside the House of 
Good Taste 

Edited by Richardson Wright 
Editor of House & Garden 

200 pictures of other people's 
houses with suggestions for 
furnishing your own. A lay- 
man's book on interior deco- 
ration, lavishly illustrated with 
pictures that show the furnishing 
and arrangement of each room 
considered as a definite problem. 

8uo. Illustrated with more than 300 pictures. 
tl.SO net. Postage 12 cents. 

IVleBRIDE. MAST & CO. 
NEW YORK 



HINTS FOR HOME BUILDERS 

"How to Buy Land," "Building a Home," "The Financing of 
a Home," "The Ready-Built Home," a little book containing 
information and suggestions of great value to those contem- 
plating buying or building, sent on receipt of 6c. for postage. 

FIRST MORTGAGE AND REAL ESTATE CO. 
30 East 42nd Street, New YorK 



Grips and holds, pre- 
vents falling stucco 
Rigid Metal Lath and plaster. 

THE GENERAL FIREPROOFING CO., 1380 l.ojan Ave . Younrstown. Ohio 



.J-M ASBESTOS ROOFINGS 

Sometimes called "The Everlasting Roof." Investigate J-M Roof 

Registration alwavs mindful of J-M Roofing Responsibility. 

H. W. JOHNS-MANY IJ.LI COMPANY 

3186 New York and Every I-artre City 



Then write for our interest- 
in book written just for 
prospective bu ii del . 3 . 

THE YALE & TOWNE MFG. CO. 
Maker* of Yale Product*. 9 R. 40th St.. New York 



fl il J } 

Kill fl I 
U M11U i 




Kno-Burn 



the Metal Lath that makes 
the Plaster Stick. 

North Western Expanded Metal Company 
935 Old Colony Bldg. Chicago 



[IRON AND WIRE FENCES 

^^"^y Fences of all descriptions for City 

I and Suburban Homes. Write today 
f for our Fence and Gate Catalogue, and 
M ute briefly your requirements. 

/AMERICAN FENCE CONSTRUCTION Co. 

/ 100 Church Street, New York 




Old English Garden Seats 

FOR CATALOG OF MAiSTY DESIGNS 
ADDRESS 

NORTH SHORE FERNERIES CO., Beverly, Mass. 



Efficiency in the Flower Garden 
(Continued Jrom page 55) 

But careful selection and planning alone 
do not make the gardener efficient with 
shrubs. They must be made to live after 
they arrive from the nursery. And the 
surest way to have success with them after 
they arrive is to prepare their places for 
them before they arrive. As in vegetable 
gardening or flower gardening, so in gar- 
dening with shrubs, the preliminaries can- 
not be slighted without poor results in the 
end, no matter how much care may be 
bestowed afterward. Thoroughly rotted 
manure and bone dust preferably fine 
and coarse or knuckle bone, mixed to- 
gether are the best fertilizers. They 
should be thoroughly mixed in the soil in 
each hole where a shrub or tree is to be 
set, if possible a couple of weeks before 
planting. Where a border of any size is 
to be made it will save trouble to plow or 
spade up the whole and enrich it, rather 
than to make individual holes. Small 
shrubs should be set about three feet 
apart; larger ones four or five; when 
fully grown they should crowd each other 
slightly and completely shade the ground 
between them, as this more closely ap- 
proximates their natural condition of 
growth. 

Unpack at once upon receipt from the 
nursery, and if they must be kept a few 
days before planting, heel in in a moist 
trench. When planting, cut back any 
broken or scraggly roots to clean, sound 
wood. Set in slightly deeper than the old 
soil-mark on the stem. Pack the soil in 
firm, using the fingers or a blunt stick. If 
it is dry pour in water when the whole is 
half filled, and after it has soaked away 
complete the planting. Use the feet to 
make the shrub very firm in the soil, after 
the dirt is filled in. Then cover with loose 
soil on top to act as a mulch. If the 
weather continues hot or dry a mulch of 
leaves or spent manure or inverted sod 
should be placed around the stem. This 
will double the effectiveness of any water- 
ing you may do. 




In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Arr.rsT, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDKX 



A Row of House and Garden Books 

A I'KACTIC.U, BOOK OF PERIOD FI/RXITTRK. 

By Harold D. Eberlein and Abbot Mc- 

Clure. J. B. Lippincott Company, 

Philadelphia. $5.00. 

Readers of HOUSE AND GARDEN need no 
introduction to the authors of this book, 
nor scarcely to the subject, but in few- 
instances has there been a book that justi- 
fies so completely its title. For of the 
plethora of books on period furniture this 
is the most practical and the most compre- 
hensive. In the beginning are pages of 
illustrations showing types of furniture, 
key plates to be consulted when reading 
the chapters that follow. Later there are 
plates showing the details by which a 
piece of furniture can be judged and given 
its proper classification. The letterpress 
is arranged in a form equally handy. The 
dominant characteristics of each period 
are epitomized in the beginning of the 
chapter, and the varied forms in which 
those characteristics were expressed are 
set down in logical order with due refer- 
ence to the fabrics and materials em- 
ployed and the manner in which they 
were used. To these chapters are added 
others on Advice to Buyers and Collectors, 
Furnishing and Arrangement, and a con- 
venient glossary. In short, the book is 
such that no collector can be without and 
no one who desires to furnish a home in 
good taste should neglect to consult. 

In books of this nature, i. e., books on 
furniture and furnishings, one is often 
apt to forget that they are the product of 
a well-defined movement, a revision up- 
wards in taste. For those who do not 
comprehend the meaning of the periods 
and of the recent period revival, there is in 
this volume an introduction full of meaty 
thoughts. And quite apart from the 
practical value this book has is its sanity 
of approach to and handling of those 
things that are generally considered in a 
sentimental, dilletante fashion that leaves 
the reader sorely tried in patience and nof 
one whit more informed. If you want to 
know the periods, if you want to create in 
your house the atmosphere of the periods, 
here is a book that will prove invaluable. ' 



EARLY AMERICAN CHURCHES. By Aymar 
Embury, II. Doubleday, Page & Co 
$2.80. 

The need /or an authoritative book on 
early American churches has always been 
felt by those interested in Colonial archi- 
tecture that sole branch of early Ameri- 
can art which is really worth While a 
need amply supplied by this volume of Mr. 
Embury. The number of old churches is 
fast diminishing, albeit a concerted effort 
by those who appreciate antiquity has 



If You Expect to Build 
Don't Miss This Offer 

At the time you are planning that new 
home and naturally desire to study 
the ideas of several leading architects 

who specialize on residences of the moderate-cost type you can 
get valuable suggestions from the many beautiful designs, plans and 
details shown in eight issues of 






The National Building Publication with 

a Monthly Circulation of 2S.OOO among 

Builders, Architects, Owners 



The information contained in Building Age, both in the editorial and 
advertising pages, is of the keenest interest to home builders, and will 
enable you to introduce numerous features in your new home, that add 
to the convenience, comfort and value, without material additional cost. 
Building Age also contains data that should save you many dollars. 

OUR SPECIAL OFFER 

The price of these eight numbers is $1.60. We will mail a set to you for special price 
of $1.00 if you order at once and mention HousB & GARDEN. Don't delay, as the supply 
is very limited. 



THIS $1.00 SHOULD SAVE YOU HUNDREDS 

BUILDING AGE, 157 39th St. Building, New York City. 

For enclosed $1.00 send the eight numbers, according to special offer in Houss & GARDKN. 




Xanu- 



Address.. 



MOTHERHOOD WITHOUT SUFFERING 

THE TRUTH ABOUT TWILIGHT SLEEP 

By Hannah Rion (Mrs. Ver Beck) 

Author of "The Garden in the Wilderness," "Let's Make a 
Flower Garden," etc. 

In the Freiburg Frauenklinik over five thousand mothers have 
had children painlessly in Twilight Sleep. Mrs. Ver Beck is not 
heralding a new thing; she is writing of a scientific method of pain- 
less childbirth which has stood the tests of experimentation and 
is now an accepted and perfected institution in many countries. 

ISmo. Illustrated. 91.60 net. Postage, It cents 
McBRIDE, NAST H CO., Union Square North, New York 




THB STORKS OP FREIBURG 



In writing to advertisers, flease mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 




Have You Read "My Growing Garden" 

By J. HORACE McFARLAND 

This is the intimate story of a garden, which has been appearing as a serial of twelve parts, 
commencing with the January 1915 issue of THE COUNTRYSIDE MAGAZINE. 

This is written by a man who knows, and into the story has been woven the personal experience 
of years, told in the author's easy style, making of it a fascinating narrative, where one meets 
the unexpected, either in discovery or achievement at almost every paragraph. These articles 
have been illustrated with beautiful half tone illustrations from photographs taken by the author 
and present some of the most beautiful garden scenes that have ever been printed. 

The following are the chapters which have already been printed: (1) The Prospect and the 
Place. (2) Planning and the Catalogs. (3) Getting into the Ground. (4) Planting of all Sorts. 
(5) Springs Buds and Blossoms. (6) The Feast of Flowers. 

SPECIAL HALF-PRICE MID-SUMMER OFFER: 

If you will send us $1.50 by return mail, we will enter your name for a siz month's subscription, 
July December, inclusive, and send you, without extra charge, the first six issues of 1915, con- 
taining Mr. McFarland's story. 

Only 2OO Orders Will Be Accepted. Act quickly. If your money reaches us too late, 
we will return it. Fill out the following coupon and mail it to us TODAY. 

THE SUBURBAN PRESS, Publishers The Countryside Magazine 
334 Fourth Avenue, New York 

Gentlemen: For the enclosed $1.50, send me Countryside Magazine, July-December, 1915, and 
the first six issues gratis. 

NAME STREET 

CITY.... 



.-STATE,. 




For the Beginning Housekeeper and the Bachelor Girl 

The Small Family Cook Book 

By MARY D. PRETLOW 

A new cookery book for the beginning housekeeper and for 
everyone who has to cater to two or three persons. It solves 
the difficulties imposed by the average cook book of reducing 
the quantities prescribed, to the limits required and at the 
same time retaining the essential piquancy of the recipe. 

This bock is fascinating in its suggestions and menus for 
afternoon teas, informal breakfasts, luncheons and congenial 
foregatherings of bachelor girls. 
With decorations bv Rhoaa Chaie and Charles Oafsclmrd. ISmo. 7Sc. net. Postage Se. 

M( BRIDE. NAST 6 CO.. Publishers, 31 Union Square, North, New York 



served to stay the iconoclastic hand of 
progress. To the architect, the principal 
interest in these old buildings is their 
forms, in which were expressed the su- 
preme effort of the artistic genius of our 
ancestors. A chapter on "Church Organi- 
zation in the Colonies" affords a concise 
summation of the historical beginnings of 
the bodies ecclesiastical in America. Mr. 
Embury has refrained from giving the 
bare, architectural appreciation of the 
forms of the hundred and twenty churches 
considered, and has given, in his consid- 
eration of each, an historic resume es- 
tablished by the facts that brought the 
church into being. What form that build- 
ing took seems to have been a creation of 
each sect, as well as location. There was; 
always an "Americanism" in ecclesiastical 
buildings. Moreover, early American 
church architecture was distinct from its 
predecessor across the water. 



DKSIGN IN LANDSCAPE GARDENING. By 
R. R. Root and C. T. Kelley. The Cen- 
tury Co. $5.00. 

The plan before the planting. This is a 
rule that gardeners amateur and profes- 
sional alike are beginning to apply. In 
landscape gardening the design is a sine 
qua non, and upon this very necessary 
subject is based the volume of Messrs. 
Root and Kelley. There has been a real 
need for a work that will sum up in a com- 
pact way the definite principles of design 
as applied to landscape gardening, a de- 
mand that this volume amply supplies. 
Here are discussed the elements of the art 
architecture, sculpture, engineering, and 
such. Then design and color and plant- 
ing, each of which topic is later applied to 
such everyday problems as the American 
house, small places, school grounds, golf 
courses arid country estates. The letter- 
press is clear and understandable, ar- 
ranged in practical form so that even the 
beginning gardener can find his special 
problem solved. The illustrations are ex- 
cellent, notably black and white sketches 
by Mr. Kelley, which, quite apart from 
their subject, show a striking individuality 
in workmanship. 



A valuable contribution to the literature 
of architecture is "A Guide to Gothic 
Architecture," by T. Francis Bumpus, 
Dodd, Mead & Co., publishers. While 
the volume lacks nothing of thoroughness 
and scholarship, it is written in a tongue 
understood of the layman, and with no 
little charm. 



"Historic Homes of New England," by 
Mary H. Northern!, issued by Little, 
Brown & Co., tells of the old romances 
of old houses. Some of the houses are 
tenantless ; others well preserved, but all 
storehouses of history, and, to the anti- 
quarian, constant sources of interest. 
Miss Xorthend has described these New 
England homes with much feeling and! 
charm. The volume is well illustrated. 



In writing to advertisers, flcase mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Hot Weather Care of the Dog 

THE "dog clays" are probably the 
hardest, from a canine point of view, 
of the whole year. That is, they are the 
most productive of bodily discomfort, es- 
pecially if the dog that must endure them 
is one of the heavy-coated varieties. Such 
an animal really suffers from the heat, 
and it is little to be wondered at if his 
erstwhile happy disposition cracks under 
the strain and he becomes irritable and 
morose. 

A great deal of the dog's suffering in 
hot weather can be eliminated, however, 
by thoughtfulness and care on the part 
of his owner. Shade, water and proper 
feeding are essential to his comfort and 
well-being, and each is deserving of more 
than casual mention. 

The best shade for the dog that is 
quartered outdoors is, of course, a tree 
whose branches are high enough from the 
ground to permit a free circulation of air 
tinder them. Lacking this, build in the 
dog yard or in front of the kennel a flat 
roof of boards four feet above the ground 
and large enough to supply a generous 
amount of shade throughout the day. 
Climbing vines, too, such as morning 
glories or some one of the rambler roses, 
may sometimes be trained so as to provide 
protection from the sun's rays. In any 
case it is important to see that whatever 
breeze may be stirring has free access to 
and through the shady spot provided. 

Placed in the shade, where it will re- 
main as cool as possible and be accessible 
at all times, should be a pan of fresh, 
clean water. Do not put a lump of sul- 
phur in it with the idea that the dog will 
benefit thereby. Lump sulphur is insolu- 
ble in water, so if the dog's blood needs 
cooling it had better be done with one of 
the regular sulphur prescriptions put up 
for the purpose. Resides the drinking 
pan there is nothing wet that is quite so 
good for the dog in summer as a stream 
or pond where he can splash around and 
get thoroughly wet and cool. Do not, 
however, send him into cold water when 
he is overheated from exercise. 

The proper summer rations differ from 
cold weather food chiefly in that they con- 
tain less fat and bloo'd-heating matter 
Boiled green vegetables, boiled rice, se- 
lected table scraps (not potatoes),' dry 
wheat bread, now and then some raw lean 
beef and a good bone to gnaw on these 
will keep most dogs" digestion in condi- 
tion. The best grades of manufactured 
dog biscuits are also good, especially as 
a variation from the regular diet. A light 
meal of them in the morning, and in the 
evening a moderately hearty meal of the 
first-mentioned foods should be sufficient, 
for remember that in summer most dogs' 
are apt to take less exercise than at other 
times and fat accumulates readily under 
such circumstances. Do not, therefore, 
overfeed; a tendency to leanness will be 
far better for him than a superabundance 
of fat. 

R. S LEMMON 



:ENNEL DEPARTMENT 

I'ht furfost 01 tHu atfartmtnt a to givi advict to thost inttrttttd 

in dogs. Tht managtr will gladly onru'tr any troubltiomt quntionj 

1 t'ortmtnt" and enclose a ulf-addt* \jeij tnvtlvcti. 



Midkiff Kennels 

W. T. PAYNE. Owner 

For the past twenty-eight yean we have been the 
largest breeder and exhibitor of Cocker Spaniels. 

During that time we have won more prizes than 
any other exhibitor in the United States or Canada. 

Our entire breeding stock including both stud dogs 
and matrons are the very best obtainable. 

Our dogs are all farm raised insuring strong con- 
stitutions and rugged health, and the development 
of their intelligence and bouse manners receives the 
same careful attention as the maintenance of their 
health. 

We always have a large number on hand, both 
sexes, alkoges and in all the various standard colon 
for sale 

Also several broken and unbroken. Pointers, 
Setters and Irish Water Spaniels. 

For full particular!, description and pricei, address 
THE MIDKIFF KENNELS. Dallas. Penna. 




COLLIE PUPPIES 

Pedigreed, royally bred sire, 
son of Champ-on Imna Select 
(imported). Prices reasonable, 
satisfaction guaranteed. 
E. B. Johnston, Bellovur, Campbell Co. 
KENTUCKY 



Any Dog is a Good Dog 

but he will not herd sheep, retrieve birds nor 
clean the rats out of your barn. Most dogs are 
good watchers, but all are not husky enough to 
repel invaders. 

We know just where the right dog for you may- 
be had. 

We are in touch with many good kennels all 
over the country and we'll be glad to tell you 
not only who has your dog, but the probable 
cost and the points to look for in him. 

Here is the way we helped one man. 




SPOONEH. MINN.. May 22. 1K15. 
Mr. H. O. Hayden. Mgr.. Kennel Dept.. 

House and Garden Magazine. New York 
Dear Mr. Hayden Thinking you and Mr. Bray might 
be interested, am enclosing a kodak of "Blosaom." the 
Airedale which you wen? no kind to get for me through Mr. 
Bray. Am very much pleased with Blossom and am sure 
it will prove a find. 

Am going to ask another favor. Would like to have you 
advise me in regard to Pet Cat. one of good stock, but not 
expensive; long-haired and snow white and young, if house 
broke. A per for the lady in the picture. 

Thanking you for past favors and for your early reply. 
Yours very truly. 

J. M. P. 

May we do the same for you? 

Just tell us approximately what you want to 
pay, the purpose for which you are buying a dog 
and any breed preferences. By asking our co- 
operation now, you'll have your companion as 
soon as your instructioas are received and our 
message carried to a kennel. 

Manager Kennel Department 

HOUSE & GARDEN 

445 Fourth Avenue New York City 



A SAFE COMPANION FOR YOUR 
CHILDREN OR FOR YOURSELF 

A Necessity for your Country Home 

A GOOD DOG 

Send for our illustrated booklet showing the 
German Shepherd Dog (Police Dog) and his 
performances This is free upon request. 

POLICE DOGS 
PALISADE KENNELS 

East Klllingly, Conn. 



Airedale Terriers 

From the greatest living sires 

Ch. Soudan Swiveller, Ch. King 
Oorang and Gold Heels. Farm-raised, 
very keen, alert and full of vigor, 
with true terrier characteristics. 

Prices reasonable. Shipped on 
approval to responsible parties. 
THOMAS K. BRA.Y 

232 Clark Street, WESTFIELD, New Jersey 
Phone. 424 M Westfield 




America's 

Pioneer 

Dog Remedies 



BOOK ON 

DOG DISEASES 

And How to Feed 

Milled free to my iddreti by 
the Author 

H. CUV GLOVER, V. S. 
1 18 West 3 1 il Street, New York 



A rare opportunity to secure a 

Beautiful Royal Siamese Cat 

The most fascinating and 

affectionate of pets 
Three litters of finest pedigree at 
moderate prices if taken young. 
Illustrated booklet upon request. 

Black Short Haired Cattery 



HASBROUCK HEIGHTS. N.J. Tel. HO-M 





AIREDALE TERRIERS 

If you want a real pal, guard, or 
companion for your children get an 
Airedale. I usually have husky, 
country raised puppies and grown 
terriers for sale at $20.00 and up- 
wards. 



Neshonshon Farm Kennels. Bridxeport. Conn., R F. D. 52 



AMERICAN KENNELS 

Largest and moat up-to-date establishment 
ofiulcind. Importer* and breederaof Eoc- 
lihBullt. Puppies S16.00 to 126.00; crown 
Stock for Companions. Stud Don and 
brood Bitches $35.00 up; Great Danes. 
Newfoundland*. St. Bernards. Puppies. 
$15.0C up; grown Docs. $35.00 up. Scotch 
Collies. Airedales. Irish. Koz Terriers. SI 0.00 
up. Toy Docs. $20.00 up. Pomeranians, 
all colon ; Toy Silk Poodles, from 
3-pound parents. $12.00 up. Toy Fox 
Terriers. $5.00 up. Every variety. State 
want* we ship anywhere. 

AMERICAN KENNELS.Trevo.e.Pa. 





AIREDALES 

Champion Slock 

The real chum for 
your child and family, 
as well as the best pro- 
tection for your home. 

CARL PFLUCER 

1222 Ave. C.. Brooklyn. N. Y. 
Phone, t'latbttsh 7974-G 



6 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN 


Ai 


GUST, 


1915 [ 





Dog Kennel 

Hodgson 
Portable 
Houses 



No. 4 Poultry House S units 



No. 3 Poultry House 1 unit 



KENNEL Sanitary, neat, durable. 110.00. 

No. 4 POULTRY HOUSE 10x50 feet ; in 5 pens ; complete for 200 hens. Cedar, vermin-proof. First pen, 

175.00 ; additional pens. $60.00 each. 
No. 3 POULTRY HOUSE 8x10 feet ; complete for 30 hens. (60.00 ; additional pens, 150.00 each. Cedar, 

vermin-proof. 
Neatly painted. Quickly bolted together by anyone. Send for illustrated catalogue. 

LE nnnrcAiu rn moom 326. lie WASHINGTON ST. .BOSTON. MASS.X Addr> *ii com- 
r. nUIHl3Ull l/U. (CRAFTSMAN BLDO., 6 EAST 39th 8T , HEW YORK/ ipondeneg to Boiton 




G. D. TILLEY 

Naturalist 

"Everything in theBirdLine 
from a Canary to an Ostrich" 



Birds for the House and Porch 
Birds for the Ornamental Waterway 
Birds for the Garden, Pool and Aviary 
Birds for the Game Preserve and Park 

I am the oldest established and largest exclusive 
dealer in land and water birdi in America and have 
on hand the most extensive itock in the United Statei 

G. D. TILLEY, Box H, Darien, Connecticut 



Potter Sanitary Poultry Fixtures 




You can buy Sani- 
tary Roosting and 
Nesting Fixtures, 
Coops, Hoppers, etc., 
cheaper than you 
can build. Used over 
ten years by thousands of successful poultry 
keepers. Potter Complete Hennery Outfits, 
$3 up. Portable Houses, all sizes, $16 
up. Start right. Get the world's best 
poultry equipment at lowest prices. Get 
rid of your makeshift, unsanitary fixtures. 
Send 4 cents in stamps for postage on 100- 
page catalog. 

POTTER & CO., 37 Forest Ave., Downers drove, III. 



FOR EVERY GARDENER'S TOOL BASKET 



The Gardener's Pocket Manual 

By F. F. ROCKWELL 

Author of "Home Vegetable Gardening" and "Gardening Indoors and Under Glass" 

Bound in Water-proof and Dirt- proof Cloth. Small 12mo. 
75 cents net. Postage 10 cents. 

This efficient and practical little book is intended to 
be carried in the tool basket for reference in garden opera- 
tions. It is the latest word in practical gardening books, 
and is designed to give the gardener definite information 
where and when he needs it, during the operations of 
digging, planting, pruning and spraying. 



McBRIDE, NAST COMPANY, Publishers, NEW YORK 



Poultry Work for August 

IT is a lucky poultry keeper who gets a 
full egg basket in August. Many 
hens are molting, some are still broody 
and others apparently are just resting. 
Altogether, it is an off month. 

On the other hand, there is no month 
in which the hens require more attention. 
Young stock, too, must be kept growing 
and not allowed to suffer from lack of 
shade or water. Also, this is a very good 
time to plan new poultry houses and to 
make improvements in those already built. 
August is really a busier month for the 
poultry keeper than for the poultry. 

Molting is an operation which has never 
been standardized. Some hens drop al- 
most all their feathers in a few days and 
stand around naked, if not ashamed, until 
the new feathers come; others make the 
transition so gradually that it is hardly 
noticeable. Some shift their coats in a 
few weeks; others require months. Oc- 
casionally a hen will lay right through the 
molting period, but usually the egg yield 
is greatly diminished, even if it does not 
cease entirely. It is doubtful if anything 
is gained by having the hens lay intermit- 
tently when molting, for when that hap- 
pens they usually take more time to get 
their new feathers. Several rules for 
hastening the molt have been laid down, 
but experience shows that nothing is 
gained in the total egg yield by following 
them. Of course, the hens which molt 
early will be more likely to lay well in the 
early winter months than those which are 
late in molting, but experiments seem to 
show that the late-molting hens will give 
the largest total in the course of the full 
year. 

The amateur who raises a new lot of 
layers each season is probably better off 
when his birds molt late, for then they 
will continue to produce eggs until it is. 
almost time for the pullets to begin. Per- 
haps he will carry over a number of yearly 
hens to use for breeding pens the next 
spring, but as it would not be advisable 
to force these hens for winter laying in 
any event, nothing is lost by having them 
molt late. And to fix the habit of late 
laying, the hens which lay late should be 
selected, as a matter of course, for the 
breeders. 

It is common and reasonable advice to- 
sell off the old hens when they become 
broody, but the amateur must pause be- 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Arr.rsT, 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



fore he follows it too literally. In case 
he likes to get rid of all his old flock in 
order to reduce the labor of the summer 
months, the hens may go to the collector's 
wagon as soon as they begin to set, but 
if he wants to keep up his egg yield until 
the pullets begin, he must retain a con- 
siderable number. Usually, a broody hen 
will go about five weeks before laying 
begins again; therefore hens which are 
broody in July and August may still be 
depended upon for eggs before the end of 
the season. It may perhaps be more 
profitable to get rid of the hens as soon 
as they begin to cluck, but the man who 
keeps only a few is looking for eggs rather 
than profit, as a rule. 

Feeding can hardly be too liberal in 
August. It is a fine growing month, if 
conditions are right, and broilers should 
be coming along fast enough to keep the 
family table well supplied. Needless to 
say, the broilers should come only from 
the cockerel pen. The number of cockerels 
and pullets is pretty evenly divided in 
most cases, and the former should about 
pay the expenses of raising the new flock, 
crediting those served on the hornj table 
with the amount they would bring if sold. 

When possible, it is desirable to keep 
the pullets and cockerels in separate pens, 
and there will be less fighting among the 
belligerent males if they are yarded out 
of sight of the pullets. It will be hard 
to get much fat on the growing stock, 
but the flesh will be very tender and 
sweet. Even Leghorns and Anconas, 
small as the birds of these breeds are, 
make excellent broilers. 

All the old males should have been dis- 
posed of long before this, if the matter 
of economy in feeding is to be considered 
at all. It should be made a point, in any 
event, to have all the male birds out of 
the hen yards before the molting period 
begins. Those being kept over for breed- 
ing purposes should have a yard to them- 
selves. 

If the growing stock can have a wide 
range, of course, the necessity of sepa- 
rating the sexes is less important, although 
the cockerels will be in better condition 
for the table if kept confined to smaller 
yards. A wide range, however, gives just 
the right conditions for the pullets, and if 
they can have a corn patch to run in, so 
much the better. They will be protected 
from hawks and will have shelter from 
the sun, as well as an excellent hunting 
ground. 

Many people get an idea that when the 
chickens have a large field to wander over 
they need no beef scraps, but that is a 
mistake. Seldom do the youngsters get 
as much meat in the form of bugs and 
worms as they need. Of course, it will 
not be necessary to feed so much beef 
scrap as to yarded birds, but a certain 
amount will be needed, either in the dry 
mash or in a hopper by itself. 



A Terra Cotta 
TILE ROOF 



<liN wonderfully to the rliarartrr of a rtiiililiiitr 
Note the brallty of thin littlr fninffalow with roof 
of Imperial Spanish Tile. A tile roof i. the only 
perfect ihelter one that lull forever. 



Write for our illuitr.td booklet "Tat Rgof Baaut.lu 
printed in colon, referring lo the origin and UM of 
Tiles. II contains views of many beautiful horrm 
with roof* of Terra Cotta Til**, and l> twit fre 



LUDOWICI-CELADON CO. 

MaDotactirtn of Tern Coda Rootlni Tile* 
Offices: 1107-17 Monroe Bld..Chlcro, 





WINDOW BOXESCOMPLETE 

Carefully planted and started with the flowers you 

like. They are bound to grow and sure to please- 

A moflt unusual and unique floral decoration. 

Write or Phone for a detailed description 

of the box and its contents. 

PLANT CRAFTSMAN 

New York Office 16 E. 33rd Street 

'Phone 113 Murray Hill 

All branches of Landscape and Garden Work 



PLEASING TO THE EYE 

Are Hardy Phlox. I have over 300 different 
varieties. The beat in the market and the 
largest collection in the world. Also Iria and 
Delphiniums. Barberries for hedges. Send 
for list. 

W. F. SCUMEISKE, Binghamton, N. Y. 



"BILLIARDS -The Home Magnet" FREE! 

A handsomely illustrated book showing all Brunswick Home 
Carom and Pocket Billiard Tables tn actual colors, giving eas? 
term*, prices, etc. Sent Freel Write for it todav. 

The Brunswlck-Balke Collender Co., Dpt. I5W, Chicago 



"ARTBRNZ" PRODUCTS ^M"..^, '" 

Book Rocks Statuary Library Lamps Ash Trays, etc. 

Ranging in price from $1.50 up. 
Catalog illustrating 200 Art Subjects free. 

KATHODION BRONZE WORKS, 501 Fifth Ave.. New York. 



BOOKLET 

"BATH ROOMS OF CHARACTER" 
THE TRENTON POTTERIES COMPANY 

The Largest Manufacturers of Sanitary Pottery in the V. S. A. 
_ TRENTON N. J. 



Let UsHelp YOU Our experienced Land-- 
" scape gardeners make 

a planting plan of your place, selecting trees, 
shrubs, etc., suitable to soil and situation. 

Our nurseries (more than 600 acres') offer the finest 

selection in America for lawn and garden planting 

H'ritt for Catalog D 



Stephen Hoyt's Sons Co. f^; ,' 



New Cum, Con. 




The Gay Daffodils 

with cups of gold. 
Tulips, Hyacinths and 
Crocus, the flowers 
that make spring gar- 
dens bright, must be 
planted thi* fall. 
The bulbs are not ex- 
pensive, but the flowers 
give an immense a- 
tnount of real garden 
joy. 



Baur's 
Booklet of Bulbs 

is different from many lists; it 
was compiled by a practical bulb 
man, who selected only the vari- 
eties that are sure bloomers, and 
worthy of a place in any garden. 
Send your name and address for 
a copy. If you are interested in 
planting shrubs, trees, or hardy 
plants ask for our general cata- 

BAUR FLORAL CO. 

15 I ..-I Math St. Dtp! E. Erie, P 



August is the Time 
to Plant Evergreens 

BIO OR LITTLE 

They will get a well established root hold, 
ready to start again at the first hint of Spring. 
They at once fill in that bare spot in the land- 
scape, or screen the out-buildings. All winter 
long you have their fresh green to cheer up the 
landscape. 

We have White Pines from 5 to 15 feet high, 
and all kinds of Cedars, Spruces, etc. 

We replace any that for any 
reason fail to take hold. 

Send for list of sizes and prices 
and our circulars, ' ' Never Too Late 
To Plant" and "Shade Now." 




MsaacHicks&Son 

Wp<lbury. Nimnu County. IM.Y. 




you ou 
of 



Lighting Fixtures 
That Satisfy 

If you contemplate building a new 
house or installing new lighting fix- 
lures in your old house, let us send 
ir beautiful 1 1 2-page catalog 

Electric. Gas and 
Combination Lighting Fixtures 

Your order for any lighting fixtures 
shown in this catalog will tx- filled 
and shipped within twenty -four 
hours after we receive it. and each 
fixture will come to you ready to 
hang all in one piece, completely 
assembled and wired. 

You will find our line of modem 
and period designs unusually com- 
plete, and our very moderate prices 
will pleasantly surprise you. 

Write today <or I iMing Fixture 
Catalog No. 84 H23 7. It will be sent 
you free, postpaid. 



1 



Sears, Roebuck and Co. 
Chicago, lli 




HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 




Fair's New Irises 



A collection of seedling Iris that I have raised 
here at Wyomissing. All the wonderful colors 

and tints shown in the magnificent blooms of 

deepest blue, purple, soft rose tints, bronzy 
yellow, pale blue, crimson and gold, formed the most interesting 
portion of my splendid exhibit of Irises on the grounds of the 
Panama-Pacific Exposition. All who have seen them growing 
are unanimous in pronouncing them very beautiful. 

Awarded Gold Medal 
At San Francisco 

My splendid Irises were given a Gold Medal by the Panama- 
Pacific Exposition Commission. For the past fifteen years the 
growing of Irises and peonies has been my special pleasure. In 
addition to those of my own raising, I have gathered together all 
of the new varieties that have been obtainable, and now have 
here at Wyomissing the most complete collection of rare varieties 
in existence. 

Many people fail to realize the importance of August and early 
September planting, which allows the plants to make a full growth, 
and thus insures an abundance of bloom the following spring. 

All these rare varieties of Irises and Peonies are described in 
my book of Hardy Plant Specialties according to color-chart, and 
illustrated with twenty-four full page plates (twelve of them in 
color). A copy will be sent free on request to those interested in 
these plants. 

BERTRAND H. FARR 

106 Garfield Ave. Wyomissing, Pa. 




When planning to build- 
read The Architectural Record 

"The National Architectural Magazine" 

and benefit by the ideas of lead- 
ing architects. You will get valu- 
able suggestions on attractive 
exteriors, convenient arrangement and appropriate 
furnishings, and be better posted when you consult 
your own architect. More than one hundred 
illustrations with explanatory text in every issue. 

In the business section are described the latest and 
best building specialties which add so much of 
comfort, convenience and value. 



Twelve attractive and valuable issues 
for $3. 



each 



year 



Subscribe now 
and secure FREE 
the Country 
House Numbers 
of 1913 and 1914. 



The Architectural Record. 221 1 Lewiiohn Bldg., N. Y.Cily. 

Send me free the Country House Numbers of 191 3 and 1 91 4. 
and cater my subscription for one year hr m dle. (or which I 
enclose $3.00. 

Signed 

Address _ . 

Add 60c. for Canada and $1 for foreign postage. 



More Secrets ol the Great German spy system 

By the Author of 

"The secrets ol the German war Office" 

An amazing continuation of Dr. Graves' first book 
which has enthralled over 100,000 American readers 
and has been translated into six foreign languages 

The secrets & nohenzolierns 



By Dr. Armgaard Karl Graves, Secret Agent 
Author of "The Secrets of the German War Office" 

This inner history of Hohenzollerns gives the amazing unwritten history 
of the ousting of Delcasse, the French minister, the break between Bismarck 
and the Kaiser, the assassination of King Alexander and Queen Draga of 
Serb'a, the Kaiser's visit incognito to Paris, the origins of the antagonisms 
toward England and the guarded secrets of aeroplane warfare and death 
dealing ordnances. Dr. Graves points with emphasis to the fact that the 
unaccounted factor in this war is the truly great American in the White 
House. 

8vo. Illustrated. $1.50 net. Postage 14 cents. 

MCBPlde, Nasl & CO., union square (Vorih, New York 




DR. ARMGAARD KARL GRAVES 
Late Spy to the German Government 

In the Kaiser's service Dr. Graves was sent 
on many secret missions and finally was 
arrested in England for spying at Rosyth, 
July, 1912. He was later released by royal 
perogative and entered the English Secret 
Service. 



i writing to ailrcitiscrs fleasc mention HOCSE & GARDEN. 



Him : : iM^iiiiiiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinii! 



AUGUST 
1915 




VOL. 

XXVIII 

No. 2 



o 



N 



T 



E 



N 



T 






FRONTISPIECE 

Photograph by Herbert E. A ngell 



10 



ARTS AND CRAFTS IN THE HOME OF Goon TASTE 11 

Mira Burr Edson-Kohler 

THE POSSIBILITIES OF A SMALL WATER GARDEN 15 

Grace Tabor 



THE GERMAN POLICE, THE DOG OF THE HOUR. 
Williams Haynes 



18 



EFFICIENCY IN THE FLOWER GARDEN 21 

F. F. Rockwell 



THE HOUSE AN ARTIST BUILT FOR HIMSELF. 
Antoinette R. Perrett 



YOUR SATURDAY AFTERNOON GARDEN. 
D. R. Edson 



OLD BOXWOOD IN NEW GARDENS. 
Burdette Crane Macrcklein 



22 



25 



26 



THE ART OF TAKING CUTTINGS. 
5. Leonard Bastin 



MY MOONLIGHT GARDEN.. 
Caroline B. King 



PLANNING THE CELLAR. 
Helen Bou'en 



29 
30 
32 



THE PICTURESQUE BEAUTY OF ESPALIER AND PERGOLA. . 35 
Georg Brochner 

A HOUSE AT BEECHMONT PARK, NEW ROCHELLE, NEW 

YORK 38 

INSIDE THE HOUSE 40 

Porch Lanterns 

Further Marks of the Black and White Fad 

GARDEN SUGGESTIONS AND QUERIES 42 

EDITORIAL 44 



PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY CONDE NA8T 

445 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK 



COMPANY 



Inc. 



GEORGE VON UTASSY 

Business Manager 



CONDE NAST. President 

RICHARDSON WRIGHT, Editor 

SUBSCRIPTION: 13.00 a year in the V. .. Colonies and Mexico. J3.50 Canada. 

Entered as Second Class Matter at the Post Ofce at Km York City. 

^ 



B. WALLACE BRAINARD 

Advertising Manager 

4.00 in foreign Countries. Single Copies, 25 cents 

Copyright 1916 by Condi Nast if Company. Inc. 




In a large garden of formal plan shrubbery and evergreens play an important part. They mark the boundaries, form a background, and accent those 
points without which the garden would be a mere patchwork of lawn plot and flower bed 





BIGISTIRID IK U . 1 . PATENT i 



VOL. XXVIII No. 2 



AUGUST, 1915 




The crealive spirit of the craftsman is clearly evident in this dming- 
the rug composed of strips of "filler" joined by stilchery, and the 

a design of the owner's own making 



room, where the furniture is handmade, 
walls and table-runners stencilled from 



A RESUME OF WHAT THE MOVEMENT HAS DONE AND IS DOING FOR THE AMERICAN HOME THE 
CAMARADERIE OF CRAFTSMEN SOME DIVERGENT EXAMPLES OF THE WORK AND ITS INFLUENCE 

MIR A BURR EDSON-KOHLER 



PROBABLY few outside of its active participants realize what 
the arts and crafts movement has done and can do for the 
American home. Significant of its relation to the home, how- 
ever, is the fact that the first material manifestation of the 
movement, and that which started one of its earliest and its 
best-known apostles upon the career of craftsman, was the fur- 
nishing of his own home, by William Morris, at the time he 
married. 

The story is too well known to repeat : it is told in any biog- 
raphy of Morris, and delightfully in that of Mackail. The way 
in which the group of friends rallied around the enterprise, con- 
tributing beauty by means of their own hands, sounds too ideal 
for a commonplace world. It presents a picture of the finest 
comradeship, and thus fittingly prefaces the claim of William 
Morris that true craftsmanship promotes comradeship : and that 
inspiring work and true comradeship are the basic needs of life, 
and that these the quest of beauty in work secures. A certain 
human interest must accompany the expression of the true crafts- 
man, whose work does, as a matter of fact, generally begin at 
home; which, in return, lends to his work the indispensable 
element of sincerity. 



As an American instance of home-building in relation to the 
crafts, and of our own day, may be cited the experience of a 
group of young married men at Mt. Vernon, X. Y. They gathered 
together in the evenings through the inspiration of one who had" 
conceived the idea and acted, modestly and under protest, as- 
the leader. They were business men and had not studied crafts- 
manship as such, knowing nothing of the technical details of 
the materials used until they began to use them. There was no 
plan outlined and no "course." Each decided what he wished 
to make for his own home and then, with such help as he might 
gain from observation and his own judgment, started in. Obser- 
vation was wonderfully quickened, of course, but each discovered 
that there was much that he seemed to know without learning- 
which he could bring to bear upon his work, and that he could, 
actually, learn by doing. The results of the winter were grati- 
fying to all concerned : the self-confidence and power of each 
\\ere much increased and a fine mutual interest was awakened. 
One member began with small metal fastenings for a built-in 
closet in the dining-room, then made hinges and door-plates, going- ' 
on to electroliers and finally a handsome metal lamp. Others 
had made creditable pottery ; one, some decorations in pyrography ; 



II 



12 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDKN 


Arc; 


ST, 


1915 



metal was, however, the favorite medium for desk sets, lamps, 
bowls. To see not only the beauty of the things made, but also 
the pride and interest with which all, including the families and 
friends, regarded the work, and the relation it took to the home- 
furnishing, was something to consider seriously in the face of 
the accusation, that the modern home is cold and formal. 

Another instance of like import, but very different in character, 
is that of the effort of a clergyman in a Pennsylvania town to 
engage the interest of the boys amongst the poorer element by 
giving them employment which would keep them off the streets 
and provide an outlet into better things. Gathering about him 
a little group he showed them wood and tools and told them 
they might have the use of these to make something for their 
own homes, each to choose independently what his should be, 
the only condition being that it should be something for home. 
More or less simple things were chosen, some at once, some after 
a consultation with "mother." One boy said he would like to 
make a bureau. The others jeered at his ambition, but the 



material things having been created by the shop work. 

Still further proof along the same line was given by the classes 
in a school of arts. Each, as soon as a design could be formed, 
was encouraged to apply it to something for home use : or to 
design something for such use. It resulted in a quiet enthusiasm 
and sense of reality which could not otherwise be gained, and 
eliminated the mercenary spirit too often hampering class 
expression. 

Hut it is in actual homes homes built up by craftsmen gradu- 
ally and by hand for the accommodation of actual living that 
best and most surely is demonstrated the truth of this claim. 
It has been my fortune to know several of these. One, most 
notable and first in time, was created by a man and woman, who 
were both artists and craftsmen. Often the wife designed the 
piece which the husband carried out, but this was not by any 
means so always, both being able to design and execute. To go 
into details is not necessary to an appreciation. Our illustrations 
show views of the reception-room and dining-room opening from 




An old broken brick wall in a cily backyard was the basis for this scheme. Inlo it were let Mercer tiles, and over the wall face were trained quick-growing vines. 

The old and the new were thus readily amalgamated into a congruous and artistic whole 



clergyman said he might attempt anything he wished so long as 
he would stick to it until done. A year later a visit paid to 
the workshop found a rejoicing in progress: the bureau was 
finished ! It was a wonder-day for the boy and an event for the 
shop, the bureau having been the thing always there, its creator 
ploddingly in front of it, whatever else might come or go, it 
being more or less of a jest always. It was now the center of 
general rejoicings and compliment comradeship as well as 



it. The furniture in each, with hardly an exception, was made 
by themselves, and other rooms held other pieces, notably a carved 
four-poster bed. The table and chairs in the dining-room 
were among the earlier productions, and there is a story of how 
the "rushing" of the chair seats was done, the process being 
learned partly from an old man who nearly remembered it, and 
partly from an old chair, which was taken apart. The wall in 
the dining-room had a covering of burlap, self-colored, giving 



AUGUST, 



HOUSK AX I) CJARDKN 




Sewing boxes of convenient size and 
rood lines have been fashioned 
from wood and stamped metal 

an almost golden effect in 
the light. Hung loose and 
bound at top arid .bottom or 
by galloon fastened along the 
seams, nothing is 
more effective for 
wall covering 
than burlap. 
Upon this was 
stenciled in vary- 
ing soft browns a 
bold design of 
horse - chestnut, 
the pattern giving 
a sense of open- 
ness and freedom 
to the space. In 
the reception- 
room the fireplace 
has a facing of 
colored cement, 
which connects in 
color its copper 
hood and the soft 
crimson of the 
roses, forming a 
<]iiict-toned sten- 
cil upon the walls 
-a daring at- 
tempt, yet entirely successful. 
Another craftsman home is 
still in process of building. 
The structure of the house is 
complete and the grounds, 
comprising about an acre, laid 
out, but the details are added 
as time and opportunity allow, 
while life goes on in the 
midst. Here sculpture is to 
form a notable feature, the 
large mantel in the living- 
room, for which the clay 
"sketches" are complete, to be 
cast in concrete. A nursery 
fireplace- facing has mis- 
chievous sprites, which it 
wo-.ild delight any child to 
trace amidst other detail. 
Gardening is always an ac- 





Aboul thi , fireplace are grouped hand . made 

manle , deco 



which give a sense of homeness and simplicity with beauty. The 
s a landscape in modern tiling 




Apart from the charm and 
pottery is due to 



beauly of its workmanship, the popularity of Marblehead 
the fact that it has never been commercialized 



The craftsman's work it thorough 
he draws the design, stamps the 
melal and fashions the object 



companiment to the creation 
of such a home, and the gar- 
den is here a very 
part as indeed it 
was also in the 
other home, al- 
ready described 
yielding masses of 
bloom as well as 
vegetables aplenty. 
Still another home 
it. . gaining toward 

completion has 
been built upon a 
most unusual plan 
large spaces for 
the studio and cn-v 
rooms for living. 

The effort ami 
the actual work 
mrc-sary to bring 
into being such a 
harmony and thus 
reallv to create a 
beautiful home are 
much, even given 
the ability. It 
takes care and pa- 
tience and perseverance and 
imagination to hold the end 
in view unwaveringly and so 
make actual the original de- 
sign. More than this, the de- 
sign itself necessarily changes, 
grows, adapts. P.ut the doing 
of it all has a great ethical 
value as well as an artistic 
one. It develops the qualities 
suggested: it draw> the family 
together in one work and 
brings out strongly the abili- 
ties of each : it is character- 
training as well as an art- 
training. It is, in other words, 
not a more or less successful 
esthetic effect ; it is a crea- 
tion, an art-product, a home. 
Each thing in it calls to us 



14 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN 


Ac 


c.rsT, 


1 1; I 5 



invitingly. And the making of an artistic home, in this sense, is 
not so much a matter of training as of intention and a certain 
fineness of character. 

Furthermore, the happy results of the group of young men at 
Mt. Vernon would prove that an art-training is not indispensable, 
but that skill to do can be gained by doing, a clear desire creating 
a dear conception. Homes of this kind are never subject to 
fashion ; they are their own fashion ; they are appropriate, beau- 
tiful a nd with that fashion, as such, has nothing to do. 
" As to appropriate motifs for our home art, these may best 
come from our own native sources, the Colonial and the Indian, 
when they cannot be drawn direct from the nature which sur- 
rounds our domestic conditions. This last is desirable, and will 
make itself felt in any sin- 
cere creation. Indian design, 
however, was a fireside art, 
telling some tale of experi- 
ence or fancy in such mate- 
rials as were at hand. The 
Colonial was essentially a 
domestic art, the early pieces 
plainly showing this, being 
made at the dictates of a 
need but informed with the 
sense of refinement and 
beauty which these early 
forefathers had, however 
primitive their living. This 
was clearly shown in the ex- 
amples exhibited at the Hud- 
son Memorial, in the Metro- 
politan Museum. At Hing- 
ham is one of the "village 
industries" of New Eng- 
land, one of its products 
being "white embroidery," 






Contrasting with the above is the simple work shown 
in this kitchen, where even the tablecloth is handmade 



Another fireplace created 
ing bands, the stencil 
being of home design 

the designs for 
which are adapta- 
tions from old 
Colonial pieces. 

The American 
development of 
the arts and crafts 
movement is en- 
tirely native here 
and has its own 
forms of activity. 
Mostly, this ac- 
tivity expresses 



itself in an industry proper, 
or else individual craftsmen 
produce, either alone or in 
groups, and unite in a society 
with an exhibition and sales- 
room. Every large city now 
has one of these and very 
many small cities or towns. 
As to industries : a very 
successful effort toward this 
end was that of the Abnake 
Rug by Mrs. Albee. The 
designs, made by herself, 



Excellent silverware is made by a Balti- 
more studio, this porringer being an ex- 
ample of the sturdy, artistic workmanship 

were derived from Indian 
motifs, hence the name ; 
and the work was carried 
out by native women of 
New Hampshire, under her 
direction. The enterprise was 
originally undertaken in the 
missionary spirit, as providing 
work of interest for these 
women, but the rugs were so 
well received that the orders 
soon outran the means of 
making. They "go" with the 
simpler styles of furniture 
better than any rugs to be had 
in the market ; not as the 
oriental, subtle and luxurious, 
but simple in plan and har- 
monious in color. Otherwise 
there is little to choose 
amongft machine productions 
and imitations. The "rag rug" 
came in by means of the hand- 
craft movement, proving so 
acceptable that it was soon 
adopted by commerce. 

Pottery is one of the ear- 
liest crafts to be brought to 
a state of convenience and 
beauty among us, and art 
potteries have now a well- 
established place. The dan- 
ger to art has been that 
when a plant would enlarge it generally became commercial in 
just that degree. The beautiful Grueby ware is no longer made, 
unable to cope with conditions. Rockwood endured by partly 
yielding, in order to bring in innovations. The Newcomb College 
has attempted to bridge over the steps between class and trade 
work by a postgraduate course, using always and only native 
Southern motifs. The Marblehead Pottery makes distinctive 
ware, which it maintains so by keeping the plant small and so 
under artistic control. Beautiful tableware that takes its 
place in the history of such ware has come from Dedham. 
Mass. Tiles have developed beauty and a great variety of 
uses : from mosaics to large decorations, and among these 
(Continued on page 49) 



m 



by its owners the metal hood and enclos- 
ed overmantel decoration and plates, all 
and workmanship 




An example of a pool for the plants' sake or 
your water garden is to show water o 



sake or rather a pool developed as a setting for the fountain. It depends on whether 
ir plants or the fountain, which will determine the selection and planting treatment 



MAKING A POOL FOR THE POOL'S SAKE THE NECESSARY PROPORTION OF PLANT AND WATER SPACE- 
THE NEGLECTED VARIETIES OF AQUATICS BORDER PLANTING HOW TO USE SUBMERGED PLANTS 

GRACE TABOR 



Photographs by Mary H. Northend and Nathan R. Graves 



IS it to be a pool for a 
pool's sake or a pool 

for the plants' sake? This 

is an important question. 

( )nc is so likely not to 

realize how little it takes 

to clog the waters, to ob- 
scure them entirely, to 

make them a jungle of 

growth. 

A pool for the pool's 

sake for the picture it 

makes must be planted 

with the greatest restraint. 

It makes no difference 

whether it is large or small ; 

the same degree of restraint 

is necessary. Otherwise the 

picture will not be well 

composed. The water must 

be given its full due which 

means that it must domi- 
nate ; because, after all, wa- 
ter is the feature of a pool. 

The plants are incidents. 

What aquatics shall be left out? And why 
Perhaps the answer will be immediately, " 

cause they are a nuisance," or "the big ones, 




A clump of iris is the best possible background for a pool that is to be viewed from one side 
only; use either Iris Cermanica or Iris Japonica 



small," or a combination of 
these two ; or any one of a 
number of other classifica- 
tions. So far, so good. 

But we must go further. 
Everything must be left 
out, save the plant chosen 
for the dominant note, the 
plant which complements 
this, and one or two strag- 
gling little minors. 

Naturally the mind's eye 
sees water lilies when water 
plants are mentioned ; and 
I fancy no one ever built 
a pool or acquired one of 
Nature's building without 
picturing them afloat upon 
its surface. This alone is 
enough to indicate what the 
dominant note should be 
where there is Space. Par- 
tial as I am to this queen of 
the aquatic world, I should 
advise against even a single 



? plant where there is not water surface at least three and a half 

the tender ones, be- to four times as great as that which the plant will require for 
because the pond is its support. Anything less than this will reduce the proportion 



i6 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 




Water lilies require a water space three and a half lo four times thai which the plant needs for its support. No plant covers less than the area a half-barrel would 
furnish; therefore, unless the pool is approximately four times this size, it were belter to choose a plant of less expansive character 



of water to plant below the standard of three to one, which it is 
desirable to maintain. 

There are no water lilies that will cover less space than the 
area a half-barrel would furnish. Therefore, unless the pool is 
approximately four times this size it will make for better results 
if some other plant of less expansive character is chosen. Reduced 
to figures, this means an area of from fourteen to sixteen square 
feet to a plant, the plant itself occupying about four square feet. 
Thus one-quarter of the water's surface being covered, only three- 
quarters remain in sight. The number of plants which any pool 
of greater size can effectively support may, of course, be very 
easily calculated on this basis, allowing one to each such unit of 
space. 

Very few water lilies accommodate themselves to so modest 
a portion as the half-barrel circumference, however. The majority 
require surface area of from twenty-five square feet all the way 
up to one hundred ; so the variety must be chosen with care anil 
understanding. 

The plants commonly grouped as water lilies are of two distinct 
kinds, known botanically as Nelumbos or Nelumbiums, as com- 
mon usage has made it and Xymphaeas. Nelumbiums are "bold 



plants, suitable for large ponds and for masses," which puts 
them out of consideration at once for the small water garden, 
while Nymphaeas are "royal, gorgeous and diversified." 

Never choose a water lily of the Nelumblum division for an 
artificial pool unless it is a "natural" artificial pool, made by 
damming a stream or developing springs or a bog into an actual 
little lake with all the features of Nature's landscape ; or unless 
the plant, and not the pool, is the thing. 

Among the Nymphaeas there are perhaps half a dozen of the 
smaller sort from which to choose; and these are all hardy. Of 
them Nymphaea odorata minor is a small form of the common 
white water lily of the eastern parts of the United States sweet 
smelling, lovely and familiar to everyone, but none the less de- 
sirable for all that. This form has the disadvantage, however, 
of being sparing with its blossoms sometimes not always. Be- 
cause of this, however, Nymphaea p\gmaea with dainty white 
blooms a little smaller averaging two inches in diameter, where 
the others are three is probably a better choice, for it always 
blossoms abundantly. The leaves or "pads" of this are from 
three to four inches across, and it has the advantage for a small 
pond of not spreading sidewise at the root, as most others do. 



AUGUST. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 




If the pool is artificial and an effort has been made to keep the curbing a decorative element, immediate border planting is unnecesary. Rather, at here, give the pool 
background, removed sufficiently from the edge of the water so that the background will be pronounced and the water easy of access 



A yellow form of this species is Nymphaea pygmaea helvola. 
This also is very floriferous and its blossoms average about the 
same size. Both open their flowers in the afternoon on three 
or four successive days, closing them again about six o'clock, 
while those of Nymphaea odorata minor are opened for three 
'days from early in the morning until noon. By having one plant 
of the two species one may have flowers all day a feature of 
water lily selection that should never be overlooked. 

The three above-mentioned are the only plants suitable to the 
very small pool the one affording from fourteen to sixteen square 
feet of water surface. Nymphaea Aurora is a glowing yellowish 
rose, as its name implies, which becomes red on the third day. 
It is a larger and grosser plant than any yet mentioned, but may 
be grown in a pool of fairly modest proportions. After this there 
comes one of the Marliac hybrids, Nymphaea Marliacla chroma- 
tella, with a very bright yellow flower that is from four to six 
inches across. This will keep sufficiently within bounds to war- 
rant its planting in a pool that is not large, if its color and type 
make a compelling appeal to one's taste. 

Turning from the water lilies, I would like to draw attention 
to several delightful aquatics that are entirely overlooked more 
often than not almost certainly, until one has studied the sub- 



ject a little and learned something of its possibilities and limita- 
tions. For example, few things are more charming than the 
water hyacinth that great pest of the St. John's River in Florida, 
which will grow to be six feet across in a single season unless 
continually thinned, yet which is perfectly suited to a small pool 
or even to a tub with no earth in it, because such thinning is 
very simple and does not injure the plant. It floats detached 
on the water's surface, only sending down roots into the earth 
if this is near the surface. For this reason it is better to have 
a foot of water under it, rather than six inches ; for it grows 
rank and weedy when it can attach itself to the dirt. 

Its flowers are hyacinth-like. In Eichomia crassipcs major. 
which is one variety, they are a lavender rose, while Eichomia 
Azurea runs more towards the blue. It is a tender plant and 
should be carried over each winter by bringing in a tuft and 
floating it on a flat bowl or any receptable which will hold from 
six to eight inches of water. An aquarium wherein goldfish live 
is an excellent place for it: and, personally, I like it indoors all 
the year through, as well as outside. 

If yellow is preferred to blue, choose the water poppy Lim- 
nocharis Hnmboldti which has leaves that float something like 
(Continued on page 52) 




In selecting your puppy, pick out a sound, husky youngster with an intelligent look. Make him a part of the household, but carefully avoid pampering. A spoiled puppy 

does not develop into a desirable pal 

The German Police The Dog of the Hour 

PAL AND PLAYMATE IN THE HOME, SENTRY AND RED CROSS ASSISTANT ON7THE BATTLEFIELD HIS 
VULPINE ANCESTRY THE TRAINING THAT HAS MADE HIM ALMOST HUMAN HOW TO JUDGE HIS POINTS 

\ 
WILLIAMS HAYNES 

Author of "Practical Dog Keeping," Etc. 



i( J7* VERY dog has his day," and this is the day of the 
H/ German Shepherd. At the front, with both the German 
and Belgian armies, he is serving as sentry and ambulance 
assistant in locating wounded men at night. Here, in America, 
though he is not yet the most popular, he is certainly the most 
fashionable dog, and the other is sure to follow. In all varieties 

this does not hold true, for fickle 
Mistress Fashion has been known 
to pamper breeds that did not 
possess the stuff of which a 
thoroughly popular dog is made. 
The sheepdog, however, has 
characteristics, both mental and 
physical, that will surely carry 
him far with dog-loving Ameri- 
cans. 

Just ten years ago to the very 
month, the present American 
vogue of the German shepherd 
dog was foretold to me. At 
The Hague Internationale Hon- 
dententoonstelling (which is the 
Dutch for international clog 
show), as a Belgian friend and 
1 watched a famous German 
authority judge this breed, a 
wiry little Englishman, known 
as a shrewd dog broker and an 
honest professional judge by 
fanciers from San Francisco to 
Capetown, joined us. 
No fence can be too high for him "There, sir," he said, pointing 

to scale this is part of his training to the sheepdogs, "is a dog that 




Will be extremely popular in your United States some day." 
At that time the day of the Collie was at high noon and 
the Airedale's dawn was just breaking. The first impression of 
a sheepdog is of a terrier-like Collie, and, not at the time appre- 
ciating that he has his own niche that he alone can fill, I laughed 
at the prophecy. Five years ago there were then but a handful 
of sheepdogs in the whole United States I met this same man 
at the New York show and twitted him about his prophecy. 
He again maintained that he was sure it would some day come 
true. To-day it is being fulfilled. 

To-day the classes provided for sheepdogs at bench shows all 
over the country seldom fail to arouse keen competition. The 
army of sheepdog fanciers receives scores of recruits each sea- 
son. A most energetic club busies itself with fostering the inter- 
ests of the breed. A monthly magazine is published about Ger- 
man shepherd dogs exclusively. Moreover, the dog has made 
a host of very desirable friends among people who are not dyed- 
in-the-wool dog fanciers at all. One is sure to meet him strolling 
on Fifth Avenue, Michigan Boulevard, Chestnut Street, and other 
thoroughfares of fashion. He is very apt to spend his summers 
at Bar Harbor or Newport, and his winters at Aiken or Palm 
Beach. 

What manner of dog is this who in five short years can spring 
from nowhere to everywhere? 

In the first place, he looks like a glorified wolf. In his spark- 
ling, dark eyes the expression of cunning and hatred has been 
replaced by one of good faith and intelligence. His erect alert- 
ness is very different from the wolf's slinking slyness: he steps 
proudly along, while his wild cousin slouches by. He gives 
the immediate impression of being a thoroughly capable dog. 
He is big and strong. His movements are free and sure. He 
has the alert air of ability. He seems to be the very archtype 
of the primitive do'g, and this is one of his chief charms. There 



18 



HOUSK AM) GARDKN 



[Q 



is no suggestion of the monstrosity about him, for he has no 
"fancy points." The hand of man seems to have touched him 
but lightly, and he is quite the most natural dog among all the 
thoroughbreds. 

Remembering that the general appearance of the dog is that 
of a glorified wolf, it is not difficult to fill in the details. Mr. 
Benjamin H. Throop, one of his 
best friends, has done this very 
effectively, in the following de- 
scription of the ideal type: "The 
head is in proportion to the body, 
being rather long, but not narrow 
as in the Collie, with a strong, 
clean-cut jaw filled with large, 
white teeth and prominent fangs. 
The skull is arched a little, often 
having a slight depression down 
the center and always between the 
ears. Their erect ears, which are 
of good size set well up on the 
skull, are broad at the base and 
taper to a sharp point, being car- 
ried open to the front with the 
inside protected with a slight 
growth of hair. The eyes are of 
medium size, set straight in the 
forehead at the place where the 
forehead declines to the muzzle, 
and are of almond shape, not pro- 
truding. The eyes and head denote 
great intelligence, alertness, and 
boldness, combined with an honest 
fearlessness, but never a wicked or treacherous expression. 

"The neck," continues Mr. Throop, "is of medium length, 
clean-cut throat, covered with soft hair somewhat resembling 
fur. The shoulders are long, flat, oblique and muscular. The 
front legs standing straight are of good bone, well muscled, 
with light feather on the back, clean, strong joints, with round, 
very compact feet, moderately arched, short toes with strong 
nails. The hind legs are well developed and muscular, pointing 
a trifle back with the pastern coming slightly forward, making 
a rather decided angle, and having the same compact feet as 
in front. 

"Their coat is very important, as it must be such as will 
protect the dogs in all kinds of weather ; 
because in their work as police, army and 
herding dogs they are exposed to all 
storms and winds, with their coat as their 
only protection. This is short and coarse, 
but not wiry, lying flat on the body, while 
the undercoat, which is their greatest 
protection against cold and water, is like 
a thick, fine wool and is generally lighter 
in color than the top-coat." 

Besides this short coat Mr. 
Throop has so well described, 
there are wire and long coats, 
too, but these are seldom seen 
in America. In color the 
sheepdog ranges all the way 
from black to a smutty fawn. 
The most popular shades, 
however, are iron gray and 
the wolf gray, which is dark 
gray mixed with tan. 

Obviously, this wolf-like 




Qualifying for the Red Cross Corps. His short, eager barks call 
help to wounded men in all sorts of out-of-the-way places 




Long head, flat, muscular shoulders, the German Shepherd Is distinctly a thorough- 
bred. His short, coarse top-coat is reinforced by an undercoat of thick wool a 
necessary protection in his exposed work 



dog must be a close kinsman of the wild dogs, but there has 
been much speculation in fitting him into the domesticated branch 
of his family tree. His sweeping tail belies a close connection 
with the Chows, Pomeranians, and other varities whose tightly- 
curled tails are so distinguishing a mark. Some of his friends 
have suggested that he and the Collie are cousins : others scout 

the notion of any such relationship. 
The favorite German theory, which 
has been championed by the well- 
known zoologist, Professor Studer 
of Bern, is that he is a direct de- 
scendant of small wild cani.t. 
who flourished in western central 
Europe at the close of the Ice Age. 
If this is so, this glorified wolf can 
likely trace his pedigree straight 
back to the dog Adam. Assuredly, 
he is no newcomer, for he has been 
common in Germany and the Low 
Countries for at least two centurie>. 
Distinguished as is his appear- 
ance, this is but half of the shep- 
herd dog's attraction. There is 
something almost supernatural 
about the intelligence of the dog. 
He has all the bright smartness 
with which we usually credit the 
street dog of mixed ancestry. He 
has the cleverness and nice under- 
standing of Master's different 
moods which make the Terrier so 
capital a pal. He is blessed with 
the Poodle's ability to absorb and retain lessons. He has all 
the wisdom of an old Foxhound. Mentally, there is no dog like 
him, and, as Mr. Mont ford Schley said to me only the other day, 
"The German Shepherd is so clever that he makes fools of all 
other dogs." 

Although the most intellectual of dogs, there is nothing of the 
student's seriousness or the professor's pose about him. Quite 
the reverse: he is light-hearted, jolly and wide-awake. When 
one thinks of the true measure of his mental capacity, he seems 
at times almost flippant ; but nobody, except his own family, loves 
a serious, sobersided dog, and the sheepdog is fortunate in being 
able to make friends quickly and easily. 

"Some folks say that a sheepdog will bite." They even charge 
him with being surly, suspicious and untrustworthy. His wolfish 
look is forbidding, and his strength and confident airs frighten 
a timid person, but mainly this false reputation is the result of 
his marked success as a police dog. In 
those cases where his actions do give color 
to this slander it may, in nine cases out 
of ten, be traced to improper training in 
this honorable profession of his. The 
sheepdog was the first to make his name 
as -a police dog, and the first 
to be introduced into America 
in his official capacity. "My 
goodness gracious !" exclaim 
those who know nothing of 
the dog and but little of his 
work, "what a terrible brute 
he must be to track, and cap- 
ture, and chew up thugs and 
murderers!" The good, old 
English Bloodhound, a most 
likable dog, has suffered from 



20 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



Arcrsx, 1915 



the same misunderstanding. Neither dog is the mythical slave 
trailer of Uncle Tom's Cabin, nor yet the ferocious hound of 
the Baskervilles. 

As a policeman, the German Shepherd is taught special duties, 
but the very keynote of all his training, when properly conducted, 
is absolute control. He is first taught that he must always obey 
promptly and without question. 
One of his first lessons is to stick 
at his master's left heel. In this 
position he covers the rear and left 
flank, leaving the man's right hand 
free for the forward fighting. A 
more difficult lesson is never to 
take food from anyone except his 
master. This is a test of self- 
control, and important, too, since 
it may some day save him from 
being poisoned. He is early taught 
to "stay put," and after he has 
learned this so well that he cannot 
be coaxed off or driven away from 
his appointed place, it is an easy 
step to learn to stand guard over 
a person or property placed in his 
charge. He is instructed how to 
capture a fleeing criminal by trip- 
ping him by running between his 
legs, or hindering him till his mas- 
ter can come up. He will also fight 
a man, but only in case of an 
attack on his master. When des- 
tined for the river or harbor squad, he learns to drag people 
out of the water, and, in Paris particularly, he has been used 
very successfully in preventing suicides and recovering drowned 
bodies in the Seine. All these hard and complicated duties he 
learns, but he acts only on order, for unless under command 
he would be a hindrance rather than a help. 

When he enlists in the army his training is only slightly dif- 
ferent. As a sentry, he sticks by the left heel, and gives the 
alarm at any suspicious sight, sound or smell. In the Red Cross 
Corps his exceptional scent is employed to help locate the 
wounded. In modern warfare this work of mercy must always 
be done under cover of 

darkness, and since ^^^gf^^^g^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
wounded men in their 
agony drag themselves into 
all sorts of out-of-the-way 
places, into hollows, shell 
pits, under bushes, and 
behind boulders, many 
would never be recovered 
if these clever four-footed 
searchers did not hunt 
them out and with short, 
eager barks call the 
stretcher bearers.. 

As a watchdog, he 
should have a slightly 
modified police training, 
and, of course, in his orig- 
inal work as a herder, he learns to round up and drive sheep or 
cattle. 

The proper training of a sheepdog for whatever duties he will 
be called upon to perform is at once an art and a science. The 
trainer must be a lover of dogs, firm, kind and just. He must 
also know the ways and means of bringing his intelligent charge 




Dauntless in the face of great danger, "fear" seems to be one word 
that isn't in his vocabulary 




Early taught to "stay put," nothing can drive him away from his appointed place. Once on 
the job he stays there until called off 



under control without cowing him, and of training him in his 
duties without breaking his spirit for the work. Few men com- 
bine the proper disposition with the necessary skill fitting them 
to train sheepdogs, and many dogs are sold that are but partly, 
or, what is even worse, wrongly trained. 

One should by all means get a trained dog, since training is 

necessary to develop their latent 
abilities and to bring them under 
proper control. But by no means 
get one that is badly trained. A 
partly trained police dog will have 
learned that it is commendable to 
hold his prisoner at bay until called 
off, but he may not appreciate that 
he should never make prisoners till 
commanded to do so. With such 
a dog about the place, you are apt 
to find a very much frightened 
friend squeezing himself into the 
corner of the vestibule held a 
prisoner. If he tries to escape he 
will be tripped and knocked down, 
his clothes are liable to be torn, and 
he may even receive an admonitory 
nip or two. Such a reception is 
exciting enough, but it is hardly 
hospitable, nor does it tend to 
cement friendships, and a dog with 
such half-baked ideas of duty 
will be regarded quite justly by 
your friends and neighbors as a 
nuisance and a menace that had better be gotten rid of. 
On the other hand, a properly trained German Shepherd is a 
delightful companion and a very useful animal. His quick in- 
telligence and winning disposition make him a splendid pal, and 
his faithfulness and affection make him a fine playmate. His 
strength, his courage and his training fit him admirably to be 
the best of policemen. It has been said that "all dogs, from Toy 
Spaniels to Great Danes, are watch dogs," and there is more 
or less truth in the saying, but the well-trained German Shepherd 
dog is the model of all watch dogs. Against the average clog 
he is like a modern steel time lock compared with an old- 
fashioned latchstring and 

MHMHMBHBm>BHHBnMBB| wooden bolt. 

In selecting a sheepdog 
puppy pick out the bright, 
husky youngster with 
straight, heavily -boned 
legs, a broad skull and 
stout muzzle, shortish back 
and good depth of chest. 
Pay most attention, how- 
ever, to his soundness and 
his intelligence. The weak, 
shelly, sulky puppies do not 
develop into as desirable 
dogs as their stouter, bolder 
brothers and sisters. Make 
him a part of the house- 
hold, treat him kindly, feed 
him well, but never pamper or spoil him, for he is no coddled 
weakling. Then, when he is six or eight months old, turn him 
over to a reliable trainer and have him thoroughly trained. But 
be sure that he is left at school until his education is completed. 
Some sheepdog owners recommend leaving a youngster in the 
kennels until after he is trained. 




In planting the mixed shrubbery border, avoid straight lines. The outer edge of the bed should resemble a seacoast in miniature. The border must maintain natural 

vistas or create artificial ones that will look natural 

Efficiency in the Flower Garden 

THE POSITION AND PLANTING OF SHRUBS AND EVERGREENS BACKGROUNDS, HEDGES AND BORDERS 
-PLANNING NOW TO PLANT NEXT MONTH HOW TO BUY SHRUBS 

F. F. ROCKWELL 



IX addition to being beautiful themselves, shrubs enhance, if 
properly arranged, the beauty of all the other features of 
the place the lawn, the bulbs, the hardy perennials, and even 
the flower garden. But the greatest thought and care should be 
used in planning your shrubs. In the first place, they are the 
most permanent of the landscaping features. A mistake made in 
varieties or grouping will bear bad results for years or will neces- 
sitate a great deal of trouble in correction. Furthermore, shrubs 
.are the most prominent of any of the landscape materials you 
can use. A mistake made in the flower garden may go unnoticed 
"by everyone but yourself; a mistake made in the shrubbery will 
be consciously or unconsciously noticed by every passerby. 

The available specimens for the shrubbery border, for back- 
ground and house space plantings and for isolated lawns include 
not only the many fine flowering shrubs but also some that are 
valuable for their foliage, and the smaller evergreens. The latter 
.are usually seen only in groups of plantings of a comparatively 
large number. They are much more expensive than the other 
shrubs, and doubtless many people have hesitated to get any great 
number of them when the expense required would go so much 
further in other directions. It is, however, a great mistake to 
feel that they cannot be used as single specimens or three or 
! four in different situations about the place. Nothing else wrll so 
surely give the place an air of distinction and individuality. 

While most shrubs should not be planted until later in the fall, 

[about the time of the first hard frost, the coniferous evergreens 

and such evergreen shrubs as rhododendrons, laurel and the like 

should be planted during this month. If there has been a long, 



protracted drought and the ground is very dry, it will be better to 
wait until the advance guard of fall rain has wet the ground. 

But whether the planting is to be done this month or later, now 
is the time to plan for it and to get all the preliminaries under 
way. The work of selecting and planning, if you do it intelli- 
gently, may take quite a while. If you are not familiar with the 
shrubs it will pay you well to make a trip to the nearest nursery. 
Otherwise go among your friends or in a good park, where you 
Will find the more common varieties. You then can get an idea 
of their general appearance and habit of growth. Data as to 
their height, season of bloom, color, and so forth can be found 
in any good nursery catalogue. A general grouping which will 
aid the beginner more than any complicated tables of figures may 
be made as follows: 

Tall backgrounds and tall groups : Cornus Florida (Dogwood), 
Cercis (Red-bud), Deutzia, Forsythia, Kalmia (Laurel), Syringa 
(Lilac), Rhus (Sumac), Lonicera (Honeysuckle), Spira, Weigela, 
Vibernum (Snowball) and Golden Elder. 

Low shrubs for foreground or low groups : Spiraea Thunbcrgii, 
Deutzia, Clethera, Daphne, Andromeda (Lily-of-the-Valley 
shrub), Calluna (Heather) and Erica (Heath). Hardy azaleas 
are generally put in separate beds where they can be given the 
special treatment required. 

Flowering and decorative shrubs for single specimens; Althea 

(Rose of Sharon), Buddleia (Butterfly shrub } , hionanthus 

Virginica (White Fringe), Calycanthtis VirgiXOta Fl&idus 

(Strawberry shrub), Crataegus (Hawthorn), Aralia Spinosa 

(Continued on page 54) 



21 




It began with being nothing more than a summer bungalow, but interest in the building and furnishing grew until it 

became a substantial, all-year home 

The House an Artist Built for Himself 



BEING THE STUDIO AND HOME OF WILL FOSTER 
AT LEONARDO, NEW JERSEY 

ANTOINETTE PERRETT 

WILL Foster's home is at Leonardo, on a sandy rise of land 
along the New Jersey coast, north of the Atlantic High- 
lands. His work as an illustrator is so popular and his still lifes 




A great meadow-slone fireplace flanks one end of the living-room, 
rude, comfortable structure with a wide, hospitable hearth 



The studio is filled with big, quiet spaces, its interest centered about the brick fireplace. The motley 
furnishings are such as an artist would work with 



22 



ArcrsT, 



10USE AND GARDEN 



and interior settings have met with such success that it is natu- 
rally not only interesting, but valuable, to see how he has worked 
out his idea of a home. To begin with, it was to be just a sum- 
mer bungalow, but now the family lives there all the year, except 
for the winter months that are passed in New York. It is one 
and a half stories high, with the living-room and studio the full 
height, and with the daughter's and her governess' rooms opening 
upon the living-room gallery. The garage is also one and a half 
stories high, in the same style as the house, with room for two 
cars and with the servants' rooms above. It is connected with 
the house by a vine-covered pergola. At first there was only 
the main body of the house, the living-room, with the hall behind 
leading at the right into the kitchenette and on the left into the 
main bedroom, with the bath and the staircase between. 

At first it was all shingled, but for the sake of a different 
characterization Mr. Foster had the walls stuccoed. This made 
the carpenters call it "Woodwasted." Then the house grew. The 
outdoor living-porch was added ; then the scullery ; then the 
studio. The garage was built. Then the pergola was extended 
to connect with it and to bring it, so to speak, into the home 
picture. At first the studio window was a long, low casement, 
Japanesque in effect, but this spring the roof was cut, and a 
dormer built for the high window. It is this experimentation 
in building, this changing of material for a very pleasure in 
effects, this continuous element of growth and expansion, this 
readiness to improve by changing, by covering up, by cutting 
out, as well as by simple addition, that helps to add to the expres- 
siveness of his home. 

Take his stucco walls. You can see in the photograph, espe- 
cially of the studio walls, what a study in texture he has made 
them, what feeling he has put into the surface handling. Take 
the wooden strips that break the triangular surface of the gable 
end. They remind us of a collection of half-timber patterns we 
once made during a study trip among the little mediaeval villages 
along the Moselle River, full of spontaneity, grace and charm. 
Of course, there the timber was an integral part of the con- 
struction ; whereas here its function is purely decorative, and so 
all the more dependent upon a feeling for space division. There 
is very nice feeling in the four different widths between the 
vertical strips and in the simplicity with which the single strip 
crosses them horizontally. 

Mr. Foster has a sympathetic interest for all burnt-clay mate- 



rials. He has taken the greatest interest in his floors. The floor 
in the living-room is of nine-inch-square dull red tiles with a 
border of gray mortar inlaid with small, red hexagonal tiles. 
The same square tiles are used on the outdoor living-porch, but 
by laying them with an inch-wide instead of a half-inch mortar 
joint, the effect is entirely different. Xow and then, on the porch 
floor, a red tile has been omitted, and the space laid in with 
four Grueby tiles with wide, gray mortar joints. There are not 
many squares of Grueby tiles, and yet, as you sit and look at 
that floor, your eyes are suddenly arrested by a new interest, 
caught in a new pleasure. It is not only because Grueby tiles 
are interesting in themselves, with all sorts of quaint geometrical 
patterns sympathetically pressed and glazed, in soft harmonies 
of grays, blues, pale plums, and greens, but it is the spontaneous 
way they have been inserted, seemingly without premeditation 
and yet with the greatest charm. It is this kind of work that 
it is difficult to get workmen to do. They actually ridicule your 
attempts at artistic effects in the very materials that they should 
know and love best. In the kitchenette, for instance, there are 
grass-green tiles, small hexagonal forms, laid with broad, gray 
mortar joints and with now and then a russet orange and then 
again soft blues. In the bathroom there are red hexagonal tiles 
laid here and there with odd groups of green tiles. 

The living-room has a great meadow-stone fireplace on one 
side and a gallery on the other. This gallery has a two and a 
half feet overhang. Beneath it there is the wide opening that 
leads into the hall. The room has a high wood wainscot, the 
panels of which were inside shutters that Mr. Foster happened 
upon one day in a house on Fifth avenue'that was being wrecked. 
The house had some beautiful doors that Mr. Foster wanted : 
but wreckers work at such speed that in the short time it took 
to get an expressman they had ruined the doors and he had to 
console himself with the inside shutters. He got his solid front 




On the floor of the living-porch are square red tiles laid in wide gray bond, with here and there a 

Grueby for variety 



Mainly junk here in the living-room i discarded fan-top door; 
the wainscot n made of old shutters 



24 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN 


Ai 


GUST, 


"J15 


1 



door, all his leaded-glass casement windows, a unique window 
niche for the living-room, and his two beautiful fan-topped doors 
that form part of the wainscot on either side of the door in the 
same way, and usually for $4 or $5 apiece. From the wrecks 
of a balustrade Mr. Foster gathered together as many of the 
spindle-shaped balusters as he could carry under his arm and 
bought them for fifty cents. They are now part of the balusters 
that guard the gallery. There were not enough to go round, so 
they have been combined with square ones, three square ones 
to one spindle, then again one square baluster to one spindle, 
and so on. 

In the living-room is a large, soft-green velvet sofa, eight and 
a half feet long, three and a half through, with a back and 
sides nine inches deep, one of the sofas that you have only to 
sink into to know the personification of luxuriousness. This sofa 
is the dominant piece of furniture in the room. That is one of 
the secrets of furnishing at times, this use of accents or, shall 
we say here, this use of an effective fortissimo. The sofa is 
an expensive piece of furniture, but it was well worth its price. 
The Fosters had bought it as good as new at a Fifth avenue 
auction place for $23 ! Of course, it was its size, the very quality 
that it gave to this high living-room, that made it seem so low 
at auction. You would not naturally look to Fifth avenue auction 
places for inexpensive finds, but the wing chair that you see in 
the photograph of the studio and that Mr. Foster uses repeatedly 



in his illustrations cost only $21. Mr. Foster has, of course, 
chairs like his French ones that cost in the hundreds, but the 
delightful slat-back in the photograph of the living-room fireplace, 
with its charmingly-curved slats and its reed bottoms, cost $4 
and the Windsor cost $7. An illustrator like Mr. Foster needs 
a great many chairs, but only one of a kind. The living-room 
is a room exactly suited to chair assembling of this sort, in fact 
some of its charm lies in the way its furnishings can be assem- 
bled and reassembled. 

In some rooms the furnishings all have their one and only 
appropriate place not that such rooms have not virtues of their 
own but in a high room with as many fixed features as this has 
a great fireplace, a gallery, book shelves, cabinet closets, high 
wainscot, great sofa, not to mention the heavy-beamed and 
girdered ceiling the movable furnishings are not needed to play 
an architectural part in the composition of the room as a whole. 
They can take a lighter an action part. 

It is here that some of the qualities that have made the still 
life of Mr. Foster's illustrations such a success comes into play. 
He likes big, quiet spaces in a room, but against them plenty 
of action, go, slap-and-dash and "ping." "Ping" is a favorite 
word of Will Foster's. 

We asked him to build up some still life groups for us. 
It was interesting to watch him. Take the lower shelf of the 
(Continued on page 46) 




The living-room is one and a half stories high with a gallery running along the side. Arranged with a nonchalance that makes them perfectly at home, are the couch, 

shutter-wainscot, old doors and tables that the cwner rescued from oblivion 



Your Saturday Afternoon Garden 

THE FIGHT AGAINST HOT-WEATHER WEEDS CROPS FOR CANNING AND TO FILL OUT THE 
SEASON BLANCHING CELERY AND CAULIFLOWER IMMEDIATE WORK WITH VINE CROPS 



D. R. EDSON 



AT this time of the year the receipts from the garden are at 
their highest, and the gardener is likely to feel that his 
season's work is over and that he can sit down and enjoy his 
just reward. While it is possible to let up a little, there is still 
plenty to do, particularly if the garden is to be made to yield 
right up until freezing weather, as it should. Crops that are far 
enough along to look perfectly safe now may, if left to them- 
selves, be smothered out almost before you realize it by the 
rapid-growing hot-weather weeds. Two of these, which are to 
be particularly guarded against at this season, are purselane and 
the annual barnyard or bunch grass. It is essential to keep these 
well cleaned out at the first stages of growth for two reasons : 
they soon become so thoroughly established that they cannot be 
uprooted without great injury to nearby vegetables, and they 
mature and distribute their seeds so quickly that next year's crop 
of trouble will be sown before the fight with this year's is won, 
unless the garden is very carefully looked after. Purselane is 
the worst of all the garden weeds in this respect. The first seed 
pods will be ready to spill their ripened seed at the slightest 
disturbance before the plant has, to the casual observer, begun 
to bloom. Furthermore, every little piece of it that is broken off 
will root itself even after days of dry weather. If, unfortunately, 
your garden is infested with it, pull each plant up whole, throw 
them into small heaps, gather them at once into some tight- 
bottomed receptacle, pile them on a stone or on some place where 
they can dry out a little, pour kerosene over them and burn them. 
If any of the bunch grasses have grown so large that they 
threaten to uproot your onions or beets or carrots, when you 
pull them out, use a sharp knife to cut them off just below the 
soil. The great pest of the late garden is chickweed ; at the 
present time they are quite inconspicuous, innocent-looking little 
plants, but they will continue to grow even after a hard frost 
and after almost everything else in the garden is dead, and pro- 
duce a crop of weed seeds that will make a green mat of weeds 
next spring for several feet around where each plant was al- 
lowed to mature. 
Take some Sat- 
urday afternoon 
of this month for 
a regular clean-up 
day in your gar- 
den. Cut out the 
weeds around the 
edges and at the 
ends of the rows, 
where they may 
heretofore have 
been overlooked. 
Pull up and burn 
any crop rem- 
nants which may 
have been left. 
Where the ground 
is not needed for 
a last planting, 
sow crimson clo- 
ver and buck- 
wheat ; or, if too 




(Plant now those crops that are to fill out to the end of 
the season beans, beets and carrots for winter use 



far north for the former to winter successfully, rye and winter 
vetch. By using buckwheat with the crimson clover and by sow- 
ing early it can be grown where planted later, and by it sell it 
would be likely to winter kill. The buckwheat will die down ai 
the first frost, but forms a mulch and a winter protection for the 
clover. Sow the maximum amount of seed of all these things, 
because they are for spading or plowing under next spring and 
for adding humus to the soil. This adding of vegetable matter 
to the soil is of the greatest importance, particularly where the 
chief source of plant food is commercial fertilizer instead of 
manure. 

There are a number of crops which should still be sown to 
fill out the season clear to the end beans, lettuce, beets and 
carrots for winter use ; lettuce and cauliflower for the frames, and 
spinach in the frames. The earlier varieties of dwarf wax beans 
are the ones to sow now, and there is little danger that you will 
have too many of them, as any surplus that is grown now is 
easily canned for winter use. Most vegetables desired for can- 
ning should, in fact, be sown now, so that the work can be done 
when the weather is cooler and while the vegetables are at their 
very best, so far as quality is concerned. Of the beans, Bountiful 
and Early Valentine are good green-podded sorts and Brittle Wax 
and Refugee are good yellow-podded kinds for late planting. The 
Refugee is especially good for late planting for preserving because 
the pods, while very numerous, are not as large as some of the 
others. The earlier varieties of peas also should be selected, such 
as Little Marvel, Laxtonian or Blue Bantam for dwarf and Pros- 
perity, Early Morn or Thomas Laxton for a tall bush kind. Early 
Model or Detroit Dark Red will make a good beet for winter 
keeping or canning the former gets bulbs for usable size con- 
siderably sooner. The short-growing varieties of carrots, such 
as Chautenay and Guerandel, are best for late sowing. Of turnips, 
White Egg and Amber Globe, both of which are good winter 
keepers, may be grown now and will reach medium size and the 
finest table quality in time for storing. Lettuce may be used 
again for a fall 
crop ; a small 
packet sown now 
will give plenty of 
nice plants to 
transplant to the 
frames for winter 
use : the larger 
plants, if left ten 
or twelve inches 
apart in the row 
where they were 
sown, will mature 
early enough, so 
that by using 
marsh hay as a 
protection against 
the first frosts 
they can be kept 
in the open gar- 
den until they are 
large enough to be 
(Cont. on p. 52) 




Watch egg-plant and apply hellebore to the under tide 
of the leaves. Surface powdering it not sufficient 




Old Boxwood in New Gardens 

SATISFYING THE CRAZE FOR IMMEDIATE ANTIQUE GARDEN 
EFFECTS THE COST AND PROCESS OF TRANSPLANTING THE 
NORMAL GROWTH CULTURE THAT INSURES LONGEVITY SOME 

UNCLAIMED SPECIMENS 



No garden ever lacked charm in which there was an 
abundance of sturdy, fragrant old boxwood 



SINCE antique 
boxwood is 
about the only 
"antique" which 
can be grown in 
our gardens, it is 
not strange that 
the quest for 
available bushes 
has acquired un- 
paralleled impetus 
of late years. It 
has become the 
fad to pick up old 



On the estate of James L. Breese at 
transplanted box hedge lines the drive 



box bushes and many places 
have been shorn of their an- 
cestral charm ; but there is 
this consolation it is being 
well cared for and appreciated 
in its new locations. 

When a country place of 
any pretention is created now- 
adays it must be made to look 
reasonably old, and this ap- 
plies particularly to the gar- 
den. The impatient owner 
will not wait for slow-grow- 
ing things to mature. He 
wants them full-grown to 
begin with for immediate 
effects. Likely as not, if con- 
ditions are favorable, the 
garden designer will rely 
upon an antique boxwood bush or two, procured perhaps from 
some old homestead in the neighborhood, to give his garden the 
proper touch of age. And so it happens that bushes and whole 
hedges even of antique boxwood are in great demand to-day. 
The old-time gardens of Long Island and those along the Con- 
necticut shore, long famous for their boxwood, have furnished 
many fine specimens to the great country places which have 
sprung up about them. 

The prices for choice specimens are oftentimes fabulously 
high. For this reason, if for no other, antique boxwood should, 
if possible, be inherited. When you try to buy it at what seems 
like a reasonable price, ancestral boxwood is usually treasured so 
highly on the old places where it has grown for generations, 
almost like one of the family, that it takes a pretty good offer 
to arouse any desire to part with it. Why not? Besides being 
comforting, it is some little distinction to have growing in your 
back yard or before your door-step an old box bush which your 
great, great, great grandmother planted there. This you may 
never be able to appreciate, but you will find it difficult to de- 
preciate such sentiments. The age, ;-ize and beauty of the box- 
wood a\fo enter into the transaction and make it more difficult 
to arrive at any uniform market value. 



BURDETTE CRANE M A E K c K L E i N 

Some idea of its appraised value may be gathered, however, 
by what it cost a Philadelphia man to transplant a century-old 
hedge. The hedge was twelve hundred feet long and it cost him 
nine dollars a linear foot to move it, or $10,800 for the whole 
job. The actual cost of the hedge cannot be definitely calculated, 
as it was there when the estate was purchased ; but think what 
he must have capitalized its value at, to justify so large an 
expenditure for transplanting it alone ! 

Nor is it at all strange that antique boxwood should be so 
highly prized by makers of gardens, for the available supply is 
limited and it takes box four or five generations to grow to 
maturity. Under the most favorable conditions, horticulturists 
tell us, boxwood grows not more than three inches in diameter 
in a quarter of a century. In other words, it takes eight years 

for it to add an inch to its 
diameter. Growing so slowly, 
at least a century is needed to 
make any sort of a showing 
with box, except, of course, 
in a small way. 

In this country boxwood 
grows to be anywhere from 
twelve to twenty feet high. 
The average height of a full- 
grown bush would probably 
be about sixteen feet with a 
mean diameter of, say, ten 
and a half inches. This may- 
seem like an enormous stem 
for a bush of that height, but 
old boxwood bushes almost 

Southampton, L. I., a 
approaching the house 

a 1 w a y s have 
trunks out of all 
proportion to 
their height. In 
full-grown bushes 
the stem will 
vary from six to 
ten and a half 
inches near the 
ground. This, of 
course, applies to 
the ornamental or 
common variety 
the B u x it s 
Sempennrens of 
the horticultur- 
ists. 

Despite the 
growing demands 
in many parts of 
the country for 
antique boxwood, 





By introducing box, a Southern Colonial portico at the 
Breese house instantly assumed the verisimilitude of 
antiquity 



26 



A i 


(il'ST, 


191 


5 


HOUSK 


AND 


( 


JARDK 


N 1 





f 



the available supply seems to be still far from exhausted. Full- 
grown bushes of ancestral boxwood and occasional hedges 
flourish on many of the old places along the Connecticut and 
Rhode Island shores and all through Long Island, where box 
grows more luxuriantly than anywhere else north of Philadel- 
phia. Away from the seacoast north of Philadelphia box is not 
quite hardy, although it is grown with partial success in all the 
Northern states and in upper Canada as far north as 52 lati- 
tude. There is an abundance of luxuriant boxwood in most of 
the Southern states, where the mild climate just suits it. 
Native to Persia and the region around the Black and Caspian 
sw. boxwood is in general cultivation now in many parts of the 
world, both in temperate and in tropical climates. Our ancestors 
brought their first boxwood bushes from Europe largely from 
England, but some probably from France or Holland. 

What an interesting thing it would be to identify the oldest 
boxwood bush in the United States! Would it be found in 
New England, on Long Island, or in Virginia? No doubt there 
are boxwood bushes in New England over 200 years old, but 
the writer has not happened to locate or hear of any which he 
has reason to believe dates back of 1755. In New London, Conn., 
there is a group of six or seven fine old boxwood bushes at 
least 1 60 years old. They stand at either side of the entrance 
to the historic Shaw-Perkins mansion, a stately dwelling of gray 
granite built in 1755, and there is every reason to believe that 
the bushes are fully as old as 
the house. It would be hard 
to find a finer group of antique 
boxwood or to imagine them 
growing in any other environ- 
ment where they would fit 
into the picture so perfectly. 
Nor is it probable that they 
will ever be transplanted, for 
the mansion is now owned by 
the local historical society. 
The size of these box bushes 
is unusually large the tallest 
being well over ten feet in 
height with a magnificent 
spread. 

In Providence, R. I., an 



location for 
a comparatively 
few years. It is 
a wonderful spe- 
cimen, fifteen feet 
high and more 
than thirty feet 
around. 

One of the tall- 
est bushes which 
the writer has 
seen in New Eng- 
land is located in 
front of an old 
Connecticut farm- 
house, about half 
way between 
Guilford and 
Branford, on the 
main turnpike 
from New Ha- 
ven to New Lon- 
don. The house 
is probably be- 
tween 150 and 




In the fore-court of Colonial houses box was invariably 
used, a planting followed in recent reproductions 





The vigorous verdure of box represents tradition and 
age; it is fraught with memories of days that are gone 



.200 years old, and, judging 
from appearances, the box- 
wood bush must have grown 
there ever since the house was. 
built. It hugs the foundation 
and wall of the house very 
closely, reaching up to the sill 
of the second-story window. 
The stem is eight or ten 
inches in diameter near the 
ground. 

In the old Connecticut 
River town of Essex there is 
a place which could supply an 
abundance of antique box- 
wood suitable for transplant- 
ing purposes. The house is 
literally surrounded by a 
dense growth. Along one 
side is a great, massy hedge four or five feet in height and on 
the other side of the house are several great, round, shrubby 
bushes, which would fill a striking place in a normal garden. 

Hedges of antique boxwood are comparatively rare and the 
opportunity to buy up a whole hedge seldom occurs. The writer 
knows, however, where there is such a hedge on the Connecticut 
shore along the road over which one passes in going from New 
London to Waterford. Why it has not been bought up long 
ago one cannot help but wonder, for it has the appearance of 
being lost in its present location. It is four or five feet high, 
thick and perfectly formed, and runs along the road for a hun- 
dred feet or so, screening a plot of ordinary farm land. It would 
grace any garden, but apparently antique boxwood is not so 
much sought after in this locality, for there are a number of 
fine estates in the neighborhood whose owners would not hesitate 
to pay almost any price if they really wanted it. 

Antique boxwood is probably more sought after and appre- 
ciated on Long Island than anywhere else in the neighborhood 
of New York. It has been used extensively and with exquisite 
results in producing immediate effects in many of the newly- 
made gardens on the country estates of wealthy New Yorkers. 



The old and new combine well as was done here in Mr. Breese's 
garden where the old box hedges in a modern fountain 



ancient boxwood 
bush adorns the 
garden of the old 
John Brow n 
place. It is known 
to be at least 150 
years old and 
there is no telling 
how much older 
it may be. In 1766 
this same bush 
was growing in 
the then famous 
gardens of the 
George Rome 
mansion at Bos- 
ton Neck, Nar- 
ragansett, R. I. 
The bush has 
only been grow- 
ing in its present 






HOUSE AND GARDEN 



Arci'ST, 




enormous bush of antique boxwood, trans- 
planted from some old homestead nearby. 

"Killemvorth," the palatial country seat of 
Mr. James D. Pratt at Glen Cove, L. I., was 
only finished in the spring of 1913, but so 
cleverly has all the planting and garden work 
been carried out that one would never suspect 
its unseemly lack of age. Great masses of 
antique boxwood flank either side of the en- 
trance. This wonderful box was brought all 
the way from South Carolina. And what 
magnificent boxwood it is ! One bush alone 
measures seventeen feet across. 

These isolated instances are mentioned 
merely to show concretely how the old boxwood 
of our ancestors is gradually leaving its humble 
surroundings on the farm for the great country 
estates, where it has become an important part" 



Since whole hedges of antique boxwood are comparatively rare, 
il is a wonder that no one has picked up this fine specimen 

In fact, it is quite the thing to-day for their modern 
gardens to be built around antique boxwood. One 
of the finest examples is found in the famous gar- 
dens of Mr. James L. Breese on his country place 
"The Orchards" at Southampton, L. I. The lavish 
use of old box, procured from places in and about 
Southampton, is one of the many things for which 
this garden is noted. In describing the beauties 
of the Breese gardens Mr. Wilhelm Miller aptly 
says: "The charm of the Breese house is partly 
due to these old specimens of box, because box is 
the one plant that commonly survives a century in 
gardens. Now the only way to get the effect of 
age without waiting for it is to have experts root- 
prune and move huge old plants to your place. 
Mr. Breese must have spent a small fortune on 
box, for it leads you up the long path to his house, 
humanizes the portico, flanks the garden, and helps 
to tie the whole to the landscape." 




These bushes on an old place at Essex, Conn., represent a small fortune, but so far no purchaser 

has discovered them 



Also in the garden of Fleetwood, Mr. Robert Sewell's country 
seat at Oyster Bay, R. L, the focal feature of the circus is an 




The box bushes at the famous Shaw-Perkins mansion in New London, Conn., almost hold the record for 

age with their hundred and sixty years 



of the garden picture. Many, no doubt, will deplore this, but in 
certain localities old boxwood has become so valuable that the 

natives, who formerly had a monopoly of it, 

cannot afford to keep it. And so it goes to 
grace the elaborate gardens of the proud new- 
comers, forsaking the simple dooryards of the 
old Colonial farmhouses, where it has grown 
for so many generations. And it is just as much 
at home in the one environment as the other. 
To keep a garden plot intact for ages to come, 
there is nothing like slow-growing, long-lived 
boxwood. George Washington's flower garden 
at Mt. Vernon was restored to its original plan 
largely by means of the box borders, planted 
under his direction over a century and a half 
ago. Had it not been for this abundance of 
boxwood Washington's garden would have 
perished from the earth long since. As it is, 
the little box-bordered knots and parterres and 
the great hedges of clipped boxwood, which 
are so flourishing to-day, have preserved it for 
future generations. 

The South has many other fine old gardens, 
(Continued on page 48) 




Geranium cuttings should be made just below a leaf stalk. Select healthy To prevent crowding of leaves, plant the culling 

shoots that have no flower buds around the outside of the pot 

The Art of Taking Cuttings 

SIMPLE RULES FOR PROPAGATING PERENNIALS CARE AFTER PLANTING 

S. LEONARD BASTIN 




Do not lei the culling grow loo tall: 
clip back the top shoots 



THERE are few garden operations of more importance than 
the propagation of plants by taking cuttings. The method 
has many points to recommend it, especially in the case of peren- 
nial subjects'; in numerous instances the long wait between the 
sowing of seed and the development of a flowering plant can be 
substantially reduced where the specimens are raised from cut- 
tings. Moreover, one may depend upon a cutting taken from 
a plant to be absolutely true to the variety on which it was 
produced, a circumstance which is not always a certain factor 
when specimens are raised from seed. So reliable is the cutting 
in its lines of growth that a slight variation in the particular 
part of the plant from which it is taken will be faithfully repro- 
duced in the new subject. For example, some of the most 
remarkable varieties of chrysanthemums have been "sports" ; 
that is, one section of the plant has produced a distinctive type 
of blossom. Cuttings taken from this special portion may be 
relied upon to follow the variation. One could never be certain 
of this in the raising of plants from seed. 

Although different kinds of plants vary in the matter of the 
best time for the taking of cuttings, it may 
be stated in a general sense that these should 
be secured when there is a reasonable chance 




of the portion of the plant growing. Common-sense will tell 
the gardener that the dead of the winter is not an ideal time 
for this particular mode of propagation, though even here, if 
artificial heat is available, growth can often be stimulated. 

In selecting cuttings from a plant always try to get healthy 
portions. Remember that in the case of most plants the roots 
will only arise from the lower portion of the bud which is packed 
away at the base of each leaf stalk. This is not always the case, 
for some plants, like the Wandering Jew, Tradescantia, will pro- 
duce roots from almost any part of their stem. Still, it is well 
always to arrange that one or two leaf buds are at the base of 
the cutting when it is inserted in the soil. The cut should be 
made with the knife just below a leaf stalk. Never select shoots 
which have flower buds on them, as these blossoms will very 
much weaken the new plant if they start to develop a likely 
happening in the case of many kinds. In other respects it does 
not matter if the cutting is small, always providing it has one 
or two buds, as already indicated ; indeed, a short, stubby cutting 
is to be preferred above one which is lanky in growth. A tiny 
portion of a fuchsia, for instance, will rapidly grow into a plant 
of flowering size. In the case of soft-wooded plants it is only 
(Continued on page 47) 




Take rose cuttings 
with a "heel" 



The diagram shows the depth of planting 
for most cuttings 



In rooting strawberry runners, place the plants in pots filled with soil or fiber, and when sturdy, 

cut the runners, 

29 




Two restrictions limited the choice of flowers they must be white so that they could reflect the moonlight, or they must be most fragrant only in hours after dusk. It was 

a novel experiment, yet wholly successful 



My Moonlight Garden 



AN ENCLOSURE DEVOTED TO THOSE FLOWERS THAT ARE MOST FRAGRANT AFTER DARKNESS HAS 
FALLEN AN UNUSUAL PLANTING OF WHITE ROSES, SYRINGA, STOCKS, PHLOX AND YUCCAS FLOWER 

FORM AND SHADOW IN THE MOONLIGHT 

CAROLINE B. KING 



PERHAPS you are unfamiliar with the bower of blossoms 
that is sweeter by night than in the radiance of day. For 
years such a garden existed only in my fancy, but gradually the 
imaginary groupings of plants became so real, their spell so 
seductive, that I resolved, at last, to make my moonlight garden 
an actuality. 

I had observed that many of the prettiest flowers closed their 
petals in the evening, just when the day was most delightful; 
and, at the same time, I was aware that those flowers which 
remained open during the twilight hours gave out a fragrance 
more insistent than that of the daylight blossoms. Then there 
was a third class, which did not waken until after sunset, and 
these were sweetest of all. 

After thinking the matter over throughout an entire winter I 
resolved to put my idea into practice. But as I felt the under- 
taking to partake somewhat of the nature of an experiment, I 
looked about for a spot in which I might group whatever flowers 
I pleased, regardless of the effect the aspect of the little plot 
might have upon the general scheme and appearance of our 
whole garden. 

I selected a space of about twenty square feet at the extreme 



end of the main garden and separated from the road by an old 
stone wall, once a deep gray, but now faded to a pale fawn. 
It was just the appropriate background for the clusters of white 
blossoms with which I planned to adorn my moonlight garden. 

After an exhaustive search through seed catalogues and 
florists' manuals for flowers opening only at night, and finding 
the choice to be somewhat limited, I decided to supplement the 
list with others of abundant perfume, selecting, however, only 
those which did not go to sleep at night. I determined, too, to 
use only white flowers, and preferably single-blossoming varie- 
ties. For I had noticed that in these the fragrance is usually 
more pronounced and delicate than in those bearing double 
flowers ; and that white flowers are usually far sweeter than 
those arrayed in gorgeous tints. 

Beside the old gray wall I planted white roses the climbing 
Kaiserin Augusta Victoria and an old-fashioned white rose with 
a rich, permeating odor and creamy blossoms and a slight blush 
of pink at their hearts. The latter variety, I believe, is known 
as the Scotch white rose. 

Moon flowers or, as the nurserymen call them, Ipomoea I 
planted also to develop a fine drapery for the old wall, from the 



Ann ST. 1915 



IIOt'SK AM) r.AKDKX 



The climbing Kaiserin Augusta Victoria i 
covered ihe wall ; rows of 



time the roses ceased bloom- 
ing until late autumn. I 
chose the Noctifiora variety 
for its large, silvery blossoms 
and its rare perfume. 

In one corner of the 
diminutive garden I planted 
a syringa, or mock orange 
shrub, and at the opposite 
corner, also against the wall, 
a white lilac. Neither the 
syringa nor the lilac blos- 
somed the first year, but in 
subsequent seasons the even- 
ing breezes were laden with 
their delicious scent, ex- 
quisitely blended, throughout 
the latter weeks of May and 
early June. 

Spiraeas and deutzias two 
early spring shrubs, bearing 
a profusion of white blossoms 
embelish the remaining 
corners of my novel garden, 
and borders of sweet alyssum 
and candytuft complete the 
outline. Lilies of the valley 
reign in a moist and secluded 
nook next, the wall, mingling 
their charm with the night-scented 
stock planted nearby. 

The pure white stock I planted 
in profusion the first season and 
was rewarded during the warm, 
still nights of July and August 
with its soft, sweet odor wafted 
through the windows of my bed- 
chamber, though the garden was 
at least twenty yards from the 
house. I can well understand 
why Marie Antoinette selected 
this delicate flower, which the 
French call Julienne, as her favor- 
ite ; for it is one of the most satis- 
fying that grows. The Germans 
call it Night Violet, as it seems to 
give forth its scent only after 
dusk has fallen. 

Xictotiana or, as I prefer to 
call it, Star of Bethlehem holds 
an important place in my moon- 
light garden. It is one of the 
flowers which refuse to bloom, 
save at night, and its delicate, 
though penetrating, aroma has 
proven a great joy. White phlox 
is another lovely member of the 
night garden group ; and the white 
petunia, whose scent is cloyingly 
sweet by clay, seems to take on a 
subtler quality by night. 

The old-fashioned country pink 
known as snow pink or star 
pink is a welcome addition. Its 
white flowers outlined against grayish-green foliage appear almost 
phosphorescent under the shifting, dreamy shadows thrown upon 




ind an old-fashioned while rose the Scotch 
ins and phlox were before it 




Because they have a tendency to 
it is almost impossible to 



borrow color from surrounding plants, 
obtain a pure white foxglove 



them by that oldest of magi- 
cians, the moon. 

\Yhite lilies, which open at 
sundown to flood the world 
with a wealth of ineffable 
sweetness, share with a few 
primroses a conspicuous place. 
Of the latter I selected a 
variety bearing flowers of a 
clear, creamy white. 

Tall spikes of tuberoses and 
Yucca lend a touch of the 
tropics to the aspect of the 
floral ensemble, standing out 
Ixjldly among the smaller and 
less luxuriant plants. In the 
daytime the Yucca hangs its 
scentless bells as if overcome 
with despondency, but as 
twilight fades into night 
these bells expand like lighted 
stars and bestow upon the 
passerby a rich, exotic per- 
fume savoring of the Orient. 
I found it difficult, as in 
subsequent seasons I enlarged 
my moonlight garden, to 
eschew all the dainty, multi- 
colored sweet peas, keeping 
only to those bearing white blos- 
soms; but, having hardened my 
heart to the gay harlequins, I was 
amply rewarded. For the white 
sweet peas have an intenser scent, 
and their flowers, with the back- 
ground of green foliage, resemble, 
in the moonlight, a whole school 
of merry white butterflies. 

White pansies I planted also, 
and a few white violets found a 
corner in which to thrive unham- 
pered ; while in the early spring 
the dainty white narcissus and 
hyacinth sweetened the air long 
before the other flowers dreamed 
of venturing forth. 

Another interesting flower 
although it is very little grown 
I found in the costnim parqui, 
or night-blooming jessamine, 
whose small, greenish-white blos- 
soms dispense a grateful odor 
throughout the dark hours. I have 
two of these plants in my garden, 
and I should advise anyone plan- 
ning a similar experiment in 
flower culture to purchase several 
of them. 

Another favorite is the white 
columbine the common single 
variety with its flower so like a 
pair of doves. And the foxglove 
also are gratifying, although it is 
almost impossible to get the blos- 



soms in pure white. These exhibit a tendency to borrow colorings 
(Continued on page 50) 



Planning the Efficient Cellar 

THE ARRANGEMENT OF STAIRS, ENTRANCES AND WINDOWS THAT SAVES LABOR WHERE TO 
PLACE THE LAUNDRY COAL BINS AND PROVISION CLOSETS HOW TO KEEP THE CELLAR DRY 



HELEN BOWEN 



THE size and shape of the cellar must, of necessity, be 
determined by the house plan, as must also the important 
details of the location of the stairs and the furnace chimney. 
The outside entrance, known in New England as the bulkhead 
and elsewhere as the cellar door, the size and placing of the 
windows, the coal chute, drains and 
plumbing are affected, if not entirely 
settled, by the house plan and the slopes 
and general character of the lot ; but 
much scope is left for planning in the 
cellar of even a very modest house. 

It is of first importance that the cellar 
stairs be easy of tread, broad, with good 
landings, not winders, if there must be 
turns, well lighted and provided with a 
stout railing to support the burden 
bearer. A stair with 9" treads and 8" 
risers is very good. Where there is 
plenty of space the still easier one of 
10" treads and 7^" risers may be used. 
These comforts are more a matter of 
forethought in planning than of expense. 

The placing of the stairs should be 
considered carefully. Placed under the 
back stairs they are usually more ac- 
cessible from the kitchen, and so con- 
venient for the cook and such delivery 
men, meter-readers and so on as use 
them. If the master or a son of the 
house manages the furnace he may, to 




Entrance to the cellar through an outside vestibule estab- 
lishes a separate, private and convenient connection be- 
tween both parts of the house 

V 



ground level, with a few steps inside leading up to the kitchen 
level, thus doing away with the outside steps, which are so hard 
to keep free from snow and ice. The cellar flight is thus 
shortened. In some cases no other entrance to the cellar is 
needed, from inside or outside the house. But in the ordinary 
house of the North, heated by coal, the 
housewife usually objects to having the 
ashes removed by these stairs and wants 
the usual outside entrance. If the 
ground slopes away at the back or side 
of the house this entrance may have an 
upright door with a few steps going 
down inside, instead of the heavy, slop- 
ing trap-doors, delight of no one but the 
sliding child. This vertical door is easier 
to use and to keep in repair, but is not 
desirable if an area is needed for it, as 
areas collect blowing leaves or snow 
which, on melting, seeps under the door 
into the cellar. This entrance may have 
a little porch roof of its own or be put 
in under a high veranda, in either case 
screened by lattices with vines or by 
shrubbery or hedges. The vertical door 
may also be used when the ground does 
not slope away by placing it at the head 
of a covered stairway running parallel 
with the housewall or at right angles 
to it. 

The floor plan of the cellar is next to 



avoid disturbing the cook and her friends in the kitchen in the 
evening, prefer the location under the front stairs. Perhaps the 
best arrangement is to have the back stairs and the cellar stairs 
in an entry off the kitchen but also accessible from the front of 
the house. The outside door may open into this entry at the 



be considered. Families differ in their needs, so that each cellar 
is an individual problem. Some want storage space for trunks, 
some want a room for work-bench and tools, others have no uses 
for a cellar but for the heater and fuel. Probably the most 
common requirements are space for the heater and fuel, for 




A recessed entrance of this type is decorative, unusual and practical, save that the 
open space between the pillars is apt to become filled with drifted leaves and paper 



Contrasting with the entrance opposite is this outside stairs, which is difficult to 
get to from the house and looks as though it were an architectural afterthought 



3 2 



\l)\ 



HOUSK AND GARDKN 



the laundry, for food supplies and for other storage. The heater 
is usually placed near the center of the house for the better 
distribution of heat above. In too many cellars it, with its 
attendant coal bins and ash barrels, stands in the main open space, 
so that coal dust and ashes are carried 
into all parts of the cellar and up the 
stairs by every passing foot or wander- 
ing breeze. The cleaner way is to place 
the heater and all the fuel in one room 
with a door near the foot of the stairs. 
Brick, stone, concrete or hollow tile make 
the safest partitions to separate this 
room from the rest of the cellar, though 
wood covered with plaster on metal lath 
or with plaster board will answer for 
stopping the dust. The ceiling should 
be plastered or covered with plaster 
board, to keep the dust from coming up 
through the floor above. The heater is 
sometimes placed just outside this room 
but opening into it through the partition, 
so that it may be fed directly from the 
coal bin. 

The bin for the furnace coal should 
be so placed that the coal may be 
shoveled into the furnace with the 
easiest possible motion, and should be 
filled through a chute. The 
location of the furnace 
room should be considered 
in connection with the 
chute, which should open 
from a drive, if there is 
one, or where the men will 
not have far to carry the 
coal if it must be carried. 
At the same time, the 
comfort of the family on 
coaling days must be con- 
sidered, and so it is better, 
because of the noise, not to 
have the chute under the 
living-room. There are a 
number of good iron chutes 
on the market which when 
open form a hopper to re- 
ceive the coal, protecting 
the house wall from in- 
jury, and when closed are 
no more conspicuous than 
a cellar window. A second 
one is needed if a different 
kind of coal is used for 
the kitchen range, and the 
bin for this coal should be 
placed beside the other in 
the fuel room, but nearer 
the door. Space for kind- 
ling and fireplace wood 
should be as ample as 
needed and a third chute 
and a fireproof bin may be 
placed for them. Bins for 
soft coal should also be of 
fireproof material on ac- 
count of the danger of 




The most practical of all cellar entrances it the vertical 
door without areaway 



ft HOU5L AT WELLL5LLY 



BEOINLBD NO LttDS OCCUITCCT3 .BOSTON 




Divide the cellar according to its functions: keep the heating department 
the laundry and provision rooms in their own places 



HOU5L AT WELLE5LLY FAR.M,5,MA55 



OND LtCDS fiCCHITtCTJ BOSTON 




The relation between the cellar and upstairs is demonstrated by imposing this plan on 
the plan above. Note the arrangement of chimneys, walls and stairs 



spontaneous combustion or fire from an accidental spark. 
The next need to be met is room for storing provisions. The 
room should be provided with such bins, open shelves and cup- 
boards as will hold the desired store of potatoes, apples, pre- 
serves, and what not. All the shelves 
should be loose so they can easily be 
taken out for scrubbing and sunning. 
This room should be cool, well protected 
from the furnace heat, yet out of danger 
of frost, dry, well ventilated, but not 
very light, as sunlight will start the 
potatoes sprouting. The windows had 
better be northerly or protected from the 
sun under a porch. 

If a laundress comes in to do the 
washing or if the maid who does it is 
relieved from kitchen work and door 
duty during washing hours, the cellar 
laundry has advantages over tubs in the 
kitchen or in a small adjoining room. 
There is more space and coolness to 
work in, the laundress is undisturbed by 
other household matters and the house- 
hold is undisturbed by steam and soapy 
smells. Space is left for other uses 
above stairs and waste space is utilized 
below. If the stairs are easy and access 
to the drying yard direct 
there is no complaint on 
the score of stairs. If the 
laundry is large enough, 
and thoroughly protected 
from coal dust by the 
fuel-room partitions, the 
clothes may be dried there, 
on lines or racks, in stormy 
weather. 

The tubs should be placed 
on a wooden platform, to 
save the laundress's feet 
from the concrete floor. A 
narrow shelf just above is 
convenient for the soap, 
blueing, etc. Above this 
should be as much window 
space as possible, with 
preferably an easterly ex- 
posure. The more sunlight 
the laundry gets, the cleaner 
the clothes will be. A cor- 
ner room with cross drafts 
and a south and east ex- 
posure is desirable. A 
clothes chute is a small 
luxury that is dear to the 
housekeeper's heart, and 
may be put in almost as 
easily as a furnace pipe ; 
indeed, a large furnace pipe 
makes a very good one and 
avoids the fire risk of a 
wooden chute. If the laun- 
dry, kitchen or pantry sink 
and a bathroom or two are 
on one plumbing stack, 
the clothes chute may be 



in one corner. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



1915 




Windows are a prime factor in ihe cellar and should be so placed as lo give the best light to laundry 
and cold closets. The coal chutes here are convenient to the drive 



brought down near it, with one opening a little door swinging 
in on pivots and in the bathroom, and another opening or 
separate chute by the sink for kitchen and table linen. The chute 
should empty the clothes into a wicker hamper or basket by the 
tubs,, where they will have light and air and may be sorted on 
the clean, wooden platform. 

The. laundry stove should be placed near the tubs. A two- 
burner gas stove is cleaner than a coal stove, more economical 
of time, labor and heat, and generally no more expensive in 
actual cost of fuel. It will serve also to heat the irons when 
ironing is done in the laundry. A good-sized cupboard should 
be built to hold all 
the laundry supplies, 
soap, blueing, starch, 
washboard, irons, 
ironing boards, etc. 

A toilet is often 
placed in the cellar 
for the use of any 
workmen about the 
place, or for the 
maids, if they have 
none above stairs. 

Where the soil is 
gravelly or the climate 
dry, a store-room in 
the cellar will be dry 
enough for trunks, 
furniture and such 

things, but in a dam]) air or soil it is not successful. This room 
should be guarded from coal dust, but need not have much day- 
light, as an electric bulb will serve its occasional needs, unless 
sun is wanted as a preventive of damp and moths. The entrance 
need not be so near the stairs, as it is not used so often as the 
furnace room and laundry. 

Garden tools, lawn mower, roller, sleds and other such things 
scarcely need a room, but may be kept in whatever space there 
is about the stairs or the outside entrance. They form another 
argument for the upright door at the ground level, as the fewer 
steps for such things to be carried up, the better. 

The whole matter of the entrance and of the size of windows 
depends, of course, on the height of one's foundation, and here 
it is hard to reconcile utility and beauty. The best modern taste 
prefers a house that looks 
long and low and has very 
little if any foundation show- 
ing. Undeniably, such houses 
have a charm lacking in a 
high-perched house. The low 
English house and the one 
built in our warmer states, 
needing no furnace and no 
plumbing pipes laid below a 
deep frost line, simply dis- 
pense with cellars and have 
their coal rooms, laundry 
and storerooms beyond the 
kitchen, adding to the long, 
low look of the whole. But 
conditions in the northern 
states are different. A cellar 
we must have, and a cellar 
wholesome with light and air. 
A wise compromise is a foun- 
dation two feet above the 
ground level, with many long, 




d 

a 




low windows partly hidden but not wholly darkened by shrub- 
bery. If the lot slopes away in the back, or even on one side, 
one may get higher windows and place the laundry there. Higher 
windows may also be secured by making little concrete areas 
across each one, but these fill with leaves and litter. Another 
device which can be used occasionally is to run a window up 
above the floor, boxing it in under a window seat or pantry shelf. 
Where the outside door is upright it may be half glazed and a 
window or two may be placed beside it. 

A good modern cellar usually has a concrete floor and the 
walls are covered with white cold-water paint, which is better 

than whitewash, be- 
cause it is not likely 
to rub off or peel. 
The white walls re- 
flect the light, so that 
fewer windows and 
electric lights are 
needed. One electric 
bulb at the bottom of 
the stairs, operated by 
a switch at the top, 
and one in each room, 
placed near the door 
or operated by a 
switch there, will be 
all that are needed. 
No fixtures are neces- 
sary beyond plain 

cord drops, bulbs and porcelain sockets. The money saved by 
using an 8-candlepower bulb instead of 16, if it gives enough 
light, will soon pay for the slight extra cost of putting in switches. 
The windows which are often opened should be screened and a 
heavy grating is sometimes needed for protection against burglars. 
The chief point in making a dry cellar is not to put in drains 
to take water out, but to prevent water from getting in. A 
gravelly soil naturally carries the water off. In a loam or clay 
soil it is harder to make a cellar dry, but it can be done if 
enough knowledge and money are used. The soil should be 
packed in closely and rammed hard against the walls so that it 
will be too dense to let water through. Sometimes water will 
penetrate at first, but the natural settling of the earth will prevent 
it after a time. The lawn should be graded so that it slopes well 

away from the house to carry 
off surface \vater. A house 
on a hillside should have a 
gutter along the higher side 
and down the slopes for the 
same purpose ; and should 
have outside the bottom of 
the cellar wall a foot-drain of 
tile and broken stone graded 
to an outlet at a lower level. 
A cellar built in a ledge of 
rock is liable to get water 
from the seams in the ledge. 
It is sometimes necessary to 
drill holes in the ledge and 
put in a blast, in order to 
make new crevices deep 
enough to take the water off 
below the level of the cellar 
floor. 

With such precautions 
against local difficulties, the 
(Continued on page 51 ) 



Foundation planting should not obstruct the windows, unless, of course, the windows 

are seldom used 




If the pool is small a. must necessarily be the case where it it not the main feature in the garden-do not 
plan. .00 newly about i. or .he beauty of outline will be lost. The bushes in bloom here are Thalia 




rue 

i/f \^s 



jeaufy 

ESPALIER ^PERGOLA 

THEIR ARCHITECTURAL RELATION TO THE HOUSE AND THE GARDEN THE ROSES THAT GROW BEST 

ON THEM A GLIMPSE OF DANISH GARDENS 



G E O R C I! K C H N E R 



A GOOD heading, even 
for a short and unpre- 
tentious article, is a desirable 
attribute, but I have been un- 
able to find one which covers 
and adequately conveys what 
I have in my mind as regards 
the following pages : the 
beautiful, picturesque effect 
brought about by the skilful 
use of espalier, trellis work, 
pergola and such like as an 
adornment of houses and 
walls and walks as indepen- 
dent, more or less ambitious 
structures or modest, inci- 
dental arrangements. All 
these give to the climber its 
necessary scope, the chance 
of fully developing and de- 
monstrating the charm of its 
frolicsome beauty, of its 




^^BHB^BHH BMHBBBi^HM^HMBBHiHBBBB 

With such valiant allies at hand as the morning glory and nasturtium, i. is unnecessary 
to wait for slow-growing vines to cover your lattice or trellis work 

35 



often rampant and luxurious 
growth. In many instances 
they serve to establish a 
decorative co - operation, a 
kind of spontaneous partner- 
ship between architecture and 
vegetation, with which both 
are well served. 

Excepting edifices of a pro- 
nounced classical or academic 
stamp, almost every residence, 
be it cottage or castle, is the 
gainer by having its wall 
covered with espalier but 
few climbers, such as ivy and 
Ampelopsis I'citchii, can help 
themselves : they nearly all 
want a ladder the tarred 
laths of which, even in the 
leafless season, forming a 
simple, yet ornamental garb, 
with which many a plain 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 




Almost any house is beautified by a well-covered espalier on its walls, as was the author's. Fraulein Octavia 
Hesse and Gloire de Dijon are lusty climbers and especially to be commended for this purpose 



wall or garden fence may cover its unattractive nakedness. 
To give an example near at hand, I may perhaps be allowed 
to fall back upon a couple of pictures from my own house. 
When I bought it 

there were no t^^^^^^^^i^^^^^^^^^^^^^HnMH 
espaliers on the 
walls, no pillars 
with creepers. I 
had them put up, 
and even my most 
fastidious friends 
admit that it is a 
marked improve- 
ment. It "cosies," 
if it does nothing 
more. The pic- 
ture shows a 
Gloire de Dijon 
in fullest bloom, 
a rose which is 
now somewhat 
out of fashion, 
but for which, 
and its first 
cousin, or rather 
twin sister, Mme. 
Berard, I shall 
always have a 
good word. There 
is something 
trusty about 
these old roses, 
they never make 
themselves ex- 
pensive, and es- 
pecially their late 
flowers often pos- 
sess real beauty, 
both in shape and 
color. Another 
rose that I have 
found excellent 
for espalier cov- 
ering is Fraulein 
Octavia Hesse, a 
climber in many 
ways to be com- 
mended ; it is a 
lusty grower, has 
in this respect 
some of the 
rambler's ex- 
uberant spirit 
about it ; its foli- 
age is a bright, 
handsome green 
and the isolated, 
good-sized double 
white blossoms, 
although lacking 
the stiff waxi- 
ness of the petals, 
bear some resem- 
blance to the gardenia, that aristocratic charmeur of a flower. 




As a garden wall, lattice work has great possibilities. Here the seclusion resultant from the vine-covered boun- 
dary and low-growing shrubs forms a veritable garden living-room 



render any apology for this being the case ; inasmuch as the rose, 
apart from its other virtues, as a rule, makes an excellent climber 
that is to say, when chosen within the proper domain and with 

some circumspec- 
tion. Moreover, 
it knows not the 
restrictions of 
frontiers. 

Jean Guichard, 
for instance, lends 
itself to all the 
uses touched upon 
above ; espalier, 
arches, garlands 
or a rustic per- 
gola as the one 
depicted. The 
flowers, carmine 
with a touch of 
salmon, hang in 
big clusters and 
are very decora- 
tive. 

Against the wall 
of my house, al- 
most hiding the 
window, is one of 
the sturdiest of 
climbers, Tau- 
sendschon. It is 
perhaps best 
suited for a col- 
umn or similar 
isolated arrange- 
ment, but it is also 
delightful in a 
pergola or railing. 
The flowers are 
medium-sized, sit 
in clusters of 
dainty rose color, 
of which the pic- 
ture only shows 
the beginning 
bloom. 

Felicite perpetue 
does not shame 
its elegant name ; 
it is what might 
be called a pro- 
fessional climber; 
simply revels in 
working its way 
upward with 
graceful light- 
ness, in trees or 
on walls, but, like 
all climbers, it 
wants some play, 
plenty of rein, 
and cannot stand 
being harnessed 



too tightly. Fe- 
licite perpetue has white flowers in clusters, but it is advisable to 

I find that some of my pictures are of roses, and, with one swell its somewhat slender growth by means of other climbers, 
exception, all from Danish gardens ; but I scarcely think I need clematis or wistaria, for instance, with both of which it tones 



riii'ST, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 




Unassuming in the simplicity of arrangement, this garden of informal lines so sets off the various interesting features of fountain, pool, garden seat and tea house that 
each is distinctive in itself. The charming lattice work fence serves not only as an enclosure, but has a unifying effect as well 



to perfection. The picture is 
from the old Halsted convent 
in the grounds of the Duellings 
estate, Denmark. 

Mrs. Fleight has perhaps one 
weak point, certainly only one, 
inasmuch as its blooms in color 
may fall a little short of 
present-day refined ideals, be- 
ing a rather pronounced, old- 
fashioned rose, but otherwise 
nothing but good can be said of 
it. It has a luxurious growth, 
a pretty and very healthy foli- 
age and a wealth of flowers. 
Blush rambler makes a good 
companion picture, but differs 
otherwise from the former in 
sundry ways. It is an immense 
grower and has perhaps the 
largest clusters and most abund- 
antly growing of any climb- 
ing rose ; but whilst Felicite 
perpctue is almost too slight in 
its growth, Blush rambler has 
a tendency to a certain robust 
stiffness, which best suits pillar 
or arch. The one reproduced here (like the former from the 
gardens of Royal Danish Horticultural Society, Copenhagen) 
overhangs a veranda and wall in comradeship with wistaria, the 
fair foliage of which admirably suits its pale pink flowers. 

Thalia best lends itself to standard form with a huge top of 
hanging branches, but is not much good at espalier. The stem 
is six feet high, the tree seven years old. With its multitude of 




The sun-dial is not merely for decora! 
posed, as here, to 



small, white flowers it resem- 
bles a cherry tree in full bloom. 
This is from the garden of the 
chateau of Knuthenborg, Den- 
mark. 

The manner in which ancient 
architecture and vegetation in 
all its profusion of bloom en- 
hance and consummate each 
other's beauty is aptly illus- 
trated by the two magnolias in 
front of the old steps of the 
Halsted convent, already men- 
tioned. They make an ex- 
quisite picture. 

Professor Arnold Krog, 
whose name, no doubt, is also 
known in the United States, by 
virtue of his being the artistic 
leader and rejuvenator of the 
world-famed royal Danish 
porcelain works, has also found 
time and inclination to make 
his gifts bear upon his delight- 
ful town garden and house ; 
our picture shows a corner of 
both. 

The picture of a garden wall, archway, and above this a 
pavilion, all adorned with a profusion of climbers and droop- 
ing garlands of Ampelopsis, confirms, if it were needed, the 
old truism about the silver lining and the cloud. The road 
the historic Strandvej, running along the Sound from Copen- 
hagen to Elsinore had to be widened, and this handsome high 
wall, with its auxiliaries, was the outcome. 



ve purposes; its base should be left e 
afford easy access 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 




A house of mixed ancestry, though in the main the farmhouse type, this suburban dwelling is comfortable and commodious, built along broad, sweeping lines, planned 

lo fit well into its setting 

A HOUSE AT BEECHMONT PARK, NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK P. /. Rocker, architect 




In the rear the house assumes unexpected proportions both of size and form. The variety of lines, the pleasing fenestration, and the diversity of decoralive lattice and 

railings give it an unusual interest 



Arc;rsT, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 




Compared wilh the size of the house the porch space i 
generously large, as befits a country house. The open 
arrangement of hallway and wide doors ensures a 
constant ventilation and gives the downstairs a sense 
of airiness 





An all-year breakfast room, this bow can be closed in with glass and fitted 
with steam heat for winter. It looks out over (he garden and has all the 
privacy one could desire 




The house-width living-room is well lighted on three 
sides, which makes possible the subdued tones of the 
hangings and furnishing* 




Simplicity characterize* the arrangement of the second 
floor. The long hall and the roof balcony are inter- 
esting features 




The house lops a hill and is set above a stretch of lawn thai affords it privacy 

and perspective 



By far the most interesting feature of the dining-room is lU paneling, the propor- 
tion* of which, eliminating the plate rail, are in excellent taste 



INSIDE THE 
HOUSE 



Timely Suggestions and 
Answers to Correspondents 




Three Good Household Ideas 

A VERY satisfactory way to dye all 
sorts of materials is by the use of 
gasoline and oil paint dye. The material 
to be dyed must be washed free from soil 
or grease and thoroughly dried. Use 
either tube paints or that which comes 
in cans. Mix the paint well with the 
gasoline and try a small piece of the goods 
to be dyed. You can then add more paint 
or gasoline as you find it necessary. Place 
the goods in the dye, stir well, so that all 
parts may become saturated, then lift out 
and hang up to dry. The gasoline will 
evaporate, but the color remains. This is 
a satisfactory way in which to prepare 
rags for carpets or rugs. The rags will 
come out in different shades, but they will 
blend into a pleasant whole when made 
up. Do not use the gasoline in a room 
where there is a fire, or out of doors in 
the sun's rays. 

Blocks of camphor dispersed in all 
corners of damp rooms in a new house 
will effectually banish damp in a very 
short time, even when fires have proved 




ineffectual. They should be simply laid 
on paper or on the bare shelves of a damp 
room or linen closet. The blocks gradu- 
ally decrease in size, and when they finally 
disappear should be replaced until their 
purpose is served. 

Here is an excellent way to clean the 
white window shades so many people use 
in winter time. Take them down from 
their fixtures, fasten taut and firm on a 




table, using pins or small tacks, then rub 
vigorously with a pad of coarse flannel 
dipped in finely powdered starch. As the 
pads grow soiled exchange for clean ones. 
When the curtains look as clean as they 
can be made, cover with another coating 
of the starch, rub in well, roll up and lay 
aside for twenty-four hours. Then rub 
again, and you will find them almost as 
fresh as new. 



Further Marks of the Black and 
White Fad 

THERE is every indication that the 
craze for black and white as a 
decorative color scheme is far from spent. 
While its manifestations have long since 
set their mark upon women's clothes and 
such accessories as handbags and chintz 
hats, advance information from the whole- 
sale dealers in both hanging and upholstery 
fabrics and in the smaller decorative ob- 
jects tends to show that the coming winter 
will see black and white used even more 
extensively. The black and white porch 
lantern shown here is but one type of the 




Each day brings forth something new and striking in A bird cage to match the furniture makes an attractive 



this most popular scheme of decoration. These black 
and white porch lanterns are in keeping with the 
present vogue. They cost $4.00 



addition to the summer home. Cleaning may be 
facilitated by detaching the cage from its standard; 
$37.50. 



Typically Japanesque in effect, this gaily colored porch 
lantern might have come straight from the land of 
cherry blossoms, instead of from the little shop where 
it is priced at $4.00 



4 



AUGUST, 


"J'5 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN 


1 



use of this quasi-mourning scheme. And 
by the bye, one wonders if there is not 
some subtle connection between the fear- 
ful loss of life in Europe to-day and the 
sombre black and white arrangement. 

Another product of the fad are black 
and white candles and candlesticks made 
in various shapes and decorated with 
black and white striping. Logically, they 
are to be used in a room where the black 
and white scheme predominates, although 
they are so attractive in themselves that 
they will prove to be decorative units in 
any room. 



in rose petals. Wafer-like slices of this 
spread with the rose-scented butter and 
over it several rose petals strewn, is in- 
deed a delicacy. Rose jelly is a ta>tv 
dessert. Make a plain gelatine jelly, flavor- 
ing with rose syrup, and pour a thin layer 



Porch Lanterns 

FOR the housewife who does not want 
an elaborately installed porch or 
garden light come the porch lanterns 
shown on these pages. They are made in a 
variety of shapes round, square and hex- 
agonal of chintz lacquered, and fitted 
with a candle socket or an electric bulb 
clutch, as preferred. The lacquer makes 
the chintz translucent, so that the light is 
dim and yet sufficient : it moreover makes 
them waterproof against a sudden shower, 
and dust-proof, as the lacquer can be 
wiped with a damp rag. They will not 
burn as paper or cloth. In the event of the 
chintz becoming shabby, the wire frame 
can be readily recovered. The weight of 
these lanterns is sufficient to prevent them 
being swayed by the wind. 

Of the chintzes used there is a black and 
white stripe which looks well on a porch 
with black wicker or white furnishing ; a 
Chinese pattern chintz that sheds a soft 
yellow light, and an orange and black 
stripe decorated with a brilliant paroquet. 
For an outside dining-porch comes one 
with brilliant bouquets of fruits on a white 
background. Or, if none of these fits in 
with the color scheme a suitable chintz 
may be chosen and the lanterns made on 
order. They range in price from $4.00 
upward. 



What to Do with the Roses 

WH EX there are so many ways to use 
them it seems a pity to waste the 
sweet rose leaves now so abundant. A 
delectable conserve can be made of rose 
petals by lining a jar with alternate layers 
of rose petals and sugar. When it is full, 
air-tight and set away for several months. 
A rich conserve will have formed which, 
served with whipped cream, is both odd 
and pleasing. A rose vinegar, which can 
be used as raspberry vinegar, is made by 
steeping red roses in white wine vinegar. 
A cordial made the same way as dandelion 
wine can be concocted from sweetbriar 
roses and will be found filled with tonic 
properties. 

The woman who is seeking a dainty 
morsel to serve can find this in rose sand- 
wiches. Bury pieces of unsalted butter in 
rose petals for twenty-four hours and at 
the same time smother the bread to be used 




The decorative scheme on this round bird cage it re- 
pealed on the attractive little wall bracket that comes 
with it; complete, $12.75 

of the liquid jelly into individual molds. 
When it has set, group a few petals over 
it and fill the mold with more jelly, which 
has been kept warm to prevent hardening. 
Set the molds in the ice chest to cool and 
serve with either whipped or plain cream. 
To make rose syrup for flavoring, cut 




This unique lamp shade, which sells for $2.00. is made 
of heavy white paper, painted black and lacquered 
after the chintz pattern has been pasted on 



fragrant ro-o in full bloom, the early 
morning la-ing the hot time to gather 
them. I 'nil them apart and put the petals 
on trays to dry. Keep cutting and drying 
until you have enough for a jar of pre- 
serves, place them in a granite kettle, 
cover with water and cook until the leaves 
;.re tender, add as much sugar as you have 
mixture and cook until it forms a syrup. 
1'our into glasses, and use as any other 
flavoring, remembering it is strong, and a 
little less will be needed than most recipes 
call for. 

Rose beads, which are now so much 
worn, can be made by anyone. When quite 
a quantity of rose leaves has been col- 
lected they must be put through the food 
chopper every day for seven days and 
stirred occasionally between times. Keep 
them in an old iron kettle, which is some- 
what rusty, as the action of the iron rust 
and some quality in the rose petals seem 
to work together to make them a beauti- 
ful jet black. At the. end of the seven days, 
with the aid of a little water for moisten- 
ing, the macerated petals may be carefully 
formed into beads of the desired size. Roll 
them between the fingers to give the 
proper shape and place them in rows on 
a hat pin to give them the necessary open- 
ings. Leave them there until perfectly 
hard. They may be strung together in 
many charming combinations with tiny 
coral and pearl beads between. They will 
last many years and the rare fragrance of 
the rose garden always clings to them. 

The making of perfumes at home from 
flowers, cultivated and wild, was as much 
a part of the summer work in the days 
of our grandmothers as making jelly or 
putting up pickles. One can entrap the 
sweetness of roses with very little trouble 
and almost no expense. My grandmother's 
recipe was as follows: "Place the petals 
in a wide-mouthed jar three-quarters full 
of the finest olive oil, then stretch a 
bladder over the top and tie it securely. 
After twenty- four hours remove them, 
place them in a coarse linen cloth and 
squeeze the oil from them, putting the oil 
tnus obtained back in the jar. Repeat this 
process with fresh flowers until the per- 
fume is of the desired strength. After the 
perfumed oil has been secured dissolve in 
spirits, in the proportion of half-and-half. 
If this mixture has a cloudy appearance 
the oil is undigested and a few drops more 
of the spirits will be required. Nothing 
but the best alcohol must be used." If a 
few pinches of lavender leaves are scat- 
tered over each layer of rose petals this 
scent will be improved. In making per- 
fumes never mix different flowers to- 
gether, but add some of the strongly aro- 
matic herbs to give zest. If it is not con- 
venient to add the alcohol at once to the 
oil. wrap the jar in black paper or cambric 
and keep in a dark place until the alcohol 
is ready to mix with it. All perfumes im- 
prove by storing and many rather feeble 
scents become strongly intensified by 
keeping a few weeks. 




GARDEN 
SUGGESTIONS 



QUERIES 

CONDUCTED BY F. F. ROCKWELL 




August Work 

AUGUST is in many ways the turning- 
point of the year in gardening. It 
marks the close of the constructive work 
of the season, although the really inter- 
ested gardener does not find an oppor- 
tunity to let up very much because it is 
also the beginning of the season to come. 
In fact, it is the beginning of two seasons ; 
one in the greenhouse, cold frames or 
house this winter ; the other in next year's 
outdoor gardens. Fortunately, the pleas- 
ure to be derived from gardening is not 
measured by the size of the garden. It 
depends first upon the disposition of the 
gardener; and next upon the success 
achieved with what is undertaken, whether 
that be a beautiful window full of flowers 
through the winter months, or an acre 
garden that will yield an unbroken suc- 
cession of all possible things from April 
to December. If you wish to accomplish 
either of these tasks, or any that lies be- 
tween them, there are a number of things 
to which you should give your attention 
this month. 

PLANTS AND MATERIALS FOR THE WINTER 
WINDOW GARDEN 

Many fine plants that are now growing 
in the flower bed may be saved if you 
have not already enough plants growing 
in pots to meet your requirements. The 
great mistake usually made in trying to 
shift part of the outdoor garden into the 
house is to wait too long before beginning 
operations. If you insist on letting the 
choicest plants bloom right up until frost 
in the garden do not be disappointed if 
you fail to transfer them successfully at 
the eleventh hour. The plants should be 
i::.:i'ii i 'i and potted some weeks before 
}(! <! -,'ct to move them indoors. Potting 
:i ] !a;it that is in vigorous growth in warm 
weather is very likely to prove fatal unless 
the proper precautions are taken. An 
enormous amount of water is taken up 
daily by the thousands of feeding root 
hairs, travels up through the stem and 
branches, and is transpired through the 
leaves. To upset this circulation causes 
a shock. The innumerable feeding roots 
are so widespread and fragile that it is 
possible to get only a small part of them 
in taking up the plants. Moreover, the 



more active feeding roots are not farthest 
from the base of the plant. 

Cut the plants back severely, even 
though it may be necessary to sacrifice 
blossoms and buds. A half or even two- 
thirds of the plant should be cut away. 
The object of this is to reduce the amount 
of moisture which the top of the plant 
will demand from the root system. Then 
cut around the roots with a trowel or a 
sharp, long-bladed knife, which will make 
a much better job of it, leaving a ball of 
earth small enough to go easily into the 
pots to be used. Cut well under the plant, 
so that it may be lifted out without any 
pulling and tearing, which would disturb 
the roots left with the plant. Unless it is 
imperative that the plant be taken up and 
potted at once, a still better method is to 
cut part way round it and leave the roots 
on the other side undisturbed until the 
plant is to be potted, which may be in a 
week or so. This induces the formation 
of new feeding roots within the earth ball 
that is to go into the pot, so that in trans- 
planting there will not be a complete rup- 
ture of the plant's growth. The soil should 




Sometime this month spade over the compost pile. Dig 
it down so thai all the elements can unite 



be well saturated with water before potting 
up is attempted, but long enough in ad- 
vance to prevent the soil being pasty. The 
newly potted plants should be kept in a 
shady place for a week or so and watered 
very lightly just enough to keep the 
foliage moist. Copious watering just after 
potting or transplanting is useless, because 
there are no feeding roots to take it up, 
and it gets the soil in bad condition. It 
is well to understand these few simple 
facts, because ignorance of them is re- 
sponsible every fall for the loss of thou- 
sands of plants, which might easily have 
been saved to make windows and living- 
rooms cheery during the winter months. 

PLANT FOOD FOR WINTER AND SPRING 

Every gardener who has a cow or a 
horse to look after sees to it that a good 
supply of food is laid in for it before 
winter weather. Comparatively few peo- 
ple, however, seem to take any thought of 
what their plants are going to need 
through the winter or in spring before 
the natural supply is thawed out again. 
The advantage of making up a compost 
heap now is that the various ingredients 
will have a chance to decompose and to 
some extent unite, making the whole mix- 
ture more homogeneous and the plant food 
which it contains more available before it 
is stored away for the winter. The various 
chemical changes which take place to 
bring about these results progress very 
slowly in cold weather. Your success with 
winter plants and spring seedlings will de- 
pend to a large extent upon the food which 
you prepare for them now. It is a fact 
that not only plant food but air and water 
also are required by growing plants ; there- 
fore the mechanical condition of the soil 
is of the greatest importance. It must be 
porous and friable so light and open 
that water will drain through it without 
leaving it pasty and muddy. 

The ingredients required for the mix- 
ture or compost are few and simple. If 
you live in a small city or in the suburbs 
the following may be procured without 
difficulty : rotted sod, rotted horse manure 
and leaf mould. The sod may be found 
in some pile where they were thrown in 
the spring when you made your garden, 
or where any pile of rubbish, old boards, 



42 



Aucrsr, 1915 



MOUSE AND GARDEN 



or anything similar has killed out the grass 
beneath it; or sod "shavings" made by 
taking up a thick, rich sod and with a 
sharp spade or an old knife shaving it 
off from the bottom in thin slices, vvliich 
will be full of fibrous material. The 
manure can be got from one of last 
spring's hotbeds, or from old flats, or from 
the bottom of the manure pile. The leaf 
mould should be well decayed dug out 
from a corner of fence or wall or build- 
ing where the leaves gather. These should 
be thoroughly mixed together in about 
equal portions, in bulk, and enough sand 
added to give the whole a slightly gritty 
feel in the fingers. If manure of the right 
sort is not to be had, substitute for it pre- 
pared dry sheep manure or horse manure 
find fine bone meal, using about two quarts 
of the former and one of the latter to 
every bushel of the sod and leaf mould. 
A little hydrated lime, a pound or so, or 
two or three quarts of wood ashes, should 
also be added, not only because the lime 
is needed as a plant food, but because it 
helps to "blend" the mixture. 

Your compost should be run through a 
sieve and stored in a barrel or large box 
or a bin, if there is a considerable quantity 
of it, until needed, when you will find 
that plants will grow like weeds in it. If 
you have a greenhouse or several frames 
cut out sod three or four inches thick and 
make a square pile of them, placing the 
grassy sides together. Soak the pile occa- 
sionally with the hose if the weather is 
dry, to hasten rotting. If manure is avail- 
able it can be put in alternate layers with 
the sod. Late in the fall this should be 
"cut down" with a sharp spade, beginning 
at one end and cutting through the layers 
of sod and manure so as to mix them 
thoroughly, run through a screen, and 
stored for winter, adding a quart or two 



of bone meal to the bushel as it is shoveled rangement, both in construction and man- 
over, agement. 

GET YOUR BULB BEDS READY Now GROW S<>MI "SNAPS" THIS WINTER 




As August is a month in which weeds thrive, keep them 
down with the scuffle-hoe and the rake 



The earliest of the hardy bulbs, such 
as the Madonna Lily, should be planted 
this month. Bulbs wanted for the earliest 
blooms in the house should also be potted 
just as soon as they can be obtained. Get 
your bulb order off as early as possible ; 
there is less chance of delay or disap- 
pointment, and the earliest orders get the 
best bulbs. If you don't yet fully know 
your needs get a preliminary order off 
anyway, including such of the lily bulbs 
as are ready for shipping in August or 
early September. Most of the bulbs are 
imported and shipped to customers "on 
arrival," and as there is likely to be some 
irregularity in consignments this fall 
owing to the war there is a special reason 
for early orders. 

While waiting for your bulbs to arrive 
make the beds ready. This gives a chance 
for any manure or fertilizer you may add 
to become partly decomposed and ready 
for the immediate use of the bulb roots 
and the secret of success with them is to 
get them to make a quick, strong root 
growth this fall in the limited time between 
planting and hard freezing weather. The 
bulb beds should be well enriched, but not 
with manure that is at all fresh, as that 
often causes them to rot. Drainage should 
be perfect : it is throwing away money to 
plant bulbs where water after the fall 
rains cannot readily pass down through 
the soil to a level at least a few inches 
below the bulbs. 

HAVE You A LITTLE GREENHOUSE IN 
YOUR HOME? 

Or if not in it, attached to it? The case 
for the attached greenhouse is a strong 
one it combines all the advantages of 
both conservatory and greenhouse and 
eliminates most of the disadvantages! It 
can be heated from the house heating sys- 
tem with very slight additional expense. 
If the lean-to type is used one side is 
already built and the cost cut down 
comparatively. Moreover, with modern 
methods of construction the attached 
greenhouse can be made to harmonize with 
the house architecturally, or to seem an 
integral part of it. The modern green- 
house is built for the most part at the fac- 
tory, which reduces both the time required 
to put it up and the labor cost. 

\"ow is the time to lay plans if you 
want to enjoy fresh vegetables and real 
flowers all this winter. November to May 
for at least half the year you have to 
forego the pleasures of gardening! And 
YOU may spend good money for wilted 
vegetables and for costly cut flowers that 
in many instances would amply cover the 
interest on the investment required for a 
small attached greenhouse. \Vhy not look 
into it ? More and more people are having 
combination greenhouse and garage build- 
ing, and it makes a very economical ar- 



After many years of under-apprecia- 
lion, the snapdragon (antirrhinum I has 
at last come into its own. It was tin- "fad" 
at the last N'ew York flower show. L'nlike 
some of the more aristocratic flowers, it is 
for every man and woman. It can be 
grown very successfully in the window 
garden, in an ordinary pot. The long 
spikes of flowers, in pure white, light and 
dark reds, deep wines, yellows and won- 
derful pinks are among our most beauti- 
ful flowers. One great point in their favor 
is that each spike stays in blossom such a 
long time, the individual flowers opening 
out in succession, from the bottom to the 
tip, like a gladiolus. They seem to stand 
almost any amount of abuse : I have had 
old plants that had been abandoned to their 
fate and thrown under a bench come to 
life again in the spring and vie with the 
new plants in size and number of blooms. 
They are also very hardy as regards tem- 
perature. "Snaps" are easily raised from 
seed ; sown this month, they will bloom 
before spring, in the house, or can be car- 
ried over in a good, tight frame. Cuttings 
can be rooted readily now, if you have 
plants growing in the garden. Be care- 
ful to select wood that is not too soft, as 
the tips of the new growth usually are; 
or so mature that it has become hollow. 
The new named varieties are the best to 
use for pot culture, if you can get them ; 
if you start a batch from seed, let the first 
flower open on each stalk before selecting 
those you want to keep, and pinching back. 
The plants that are flowering in the garden 
also stand transplanting well. Use pots 
of ample size. Cut out the oldest stalks in 
the center and the newest ones well back. 




Any loose, dry material, uch as ilrw or leafmold. may 
be used to mulch plantt set in the fall 




E DITOFU AL 




THE TRADITION OF THE FARM It is to be regretted 

that so many of the 

men who go back to the land to become farmers are looked upon 
by city dwellers as either physical wrecks or financial failures. 
The fault lies, possibly, with the back-to-the-lander. Take up 
the average "experience" story of the man who flees the madding 
throng to stake out a claim in an abandoned Vermont orchard 
or a stone-ribbed Connecticut valley, or a limitless Western plain, 
and in nine cases out of ten he prefaces the narrative with either 
an excuse of ill health or a diatribe against the unlivableness of 
the flat and the soul-blighting materialism of the city that threat- 
ened his peace of mind and pilfered his purse. In short, he 
apologizes for becoming a farmer. 

True, there is in the touch of the soil a tonic more potent than 
ever comes out of bottles, and many who retire to the farm know 
the reviving iron that only there can enter into their souls. But 
why in the name of sanity should the farm be considered a harhor 
for physical and financial down-and-outs? 

Living in the country is due to a state of mind inbred in a man, 
just as is living in a city. It is no more logical to say that country 
living is the natural state for all men than to say that matrimony 
is the natural state for all men. 




There is a tradition of the city and a tradition of the country. 

Men are by nature gregarious, else there could be no political 
parties or fashions of living and clothes. We follow the leader 
but we follow according to the tradition that has been born and 
bred in us. 

The tradition of the city is the crowd the crowd buildings, the 
crowd streets, the crowd life, swayed by leaders, herded by police- 
men and penned in by walls and near horizons. 

The tradition of the country is the individual the individual 
house, the individual life, made so by environment. Its tradition 
is the tradition of the farm. 

The farm has always represented an independent unit. It was 
sufficient unto itself. The timber and boards that framed and 
sheathed its: ; 'house came from the woods nearby. Food was 
from the land thereabout. Water was drawn from a well in the 
dooryard. The farmer went to original sources ; he had no deal- 
ings with the middleman, upon whom his urban brother must 
depend. 

The man who goes back to the land, the man who buys into 
bondage a ramshackle old farmhouse and restores it to a state 
of livableness and revives the fallow fields is simply retiring 
from the crowd, where all things are done for him, to the place 
where he must do for himself, where he is to be a separate unit, 
a pronounced individual. 




The crowd is not the sum of its parts. Its strength and in- 
spiration and patience are the strength and inspiration and patience 
a leader can instill into it. What the farmer is on his twenty 
acres, the leader is in his twenty thousand followers. Both are 
pronounced individuals. Xor can either be said to have chosen 
the easier part, for, whereas the farmer in his solitariness must 



reckon with the vagaries of a Nature at once benign and male- 
volent, the leader must reckon with the sudden and unaccountable 
vagaries of the mob. 

He who is born with the tradition of the crowd in his veins 
may as well stay with the crowd, if he values his peace of mind ; 
and in like manner should the man of the farm tradition return 
to the farm if he would know happiness. Questions of ill health 
or bad financial management do not enter into the matter. It is 
a problem of temperament. Some of us are born sons of Antaeus, 
and so long as we can touch Mother Earth we are invincible. 




Between the man who goes back to the farm merely to till its 
fields and he who goes back to restore its house to an olden 
seemliness lies a mighty distinction. The one is a workman, a 
holder of the plow handles from which he dare not look back; 
the other an artist, drawing on both past and present that he 
may consummate in his work the semblance of an ideal. And 
restoring a farmhouse is an ideal work. It brings into an old 
place a new order, it repeoples deserted rooms, sets the echoes 
of human voices ringing down drear halls, swarms time-chilled 
hearths, and gently imprisons in the staunch fabric of beams and 
boards the elusive spirit of the great out-of-doors. 

Now the great out-of-doors knows naught of fashion or con- 
venience ; it knows only certain fixed laws being relentlessly 
carried on to realization. Nature is inexorable, binding, in her 
arbitrariness. The wind bloweth where it listeth. In the country 
man is subject unto that tradition; in the city, quite the opposite. 

The city house keeps the mob out, its life changes with the 
whim of fashion. The chairs we love to-day our children will 
consider bad taste to-morrow. The spirit of the changing, shift- 
ing mob is the spirit of the cosmopolite. But he who lives in the 
country strives to maintain that which a previous generation 
found good. He follows the fixed law of the out-of-doors. If 
he chooses any other course, his house will look nothing more 
than an anomaly grafted onto an anachronism. He must, perforce, 
restore. 




It is perhaps because there is ultimate rest and satisfaction in 
the return to old ways and old laws that men find the country 
restorative to health and spirit. There is the sameness, the 
dependability, the regularity of crop growth and harvest. There 
is something rock-bottom about it all. Whereas even the most 
hardened man of the city streets recognizes the ephemerality of 
the life, the flow and flux that finds him here to-day and there 
to-morrow one of a crowd. 

For the countryman there is, moreover, the openness, the big- 
ness, the space for him to roam about ; horizons are far. The 
policeless roads carry his care-free feet whither they will and 
his mind roves luxuriantly through the kingdoms of the world. 
He becomes friend to the picaresque elements of Nature : comrade 
to the wastrel birds and all the untamed things that creep and 
run and fly. He is brother, as Mr. Petulengro of Lavengro would 
have it, to the day and night both sweet things ; to the sun, 
moon and stars all sweet things ; likewise, to the wind on the 
heath. 



44 



AUGUST, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 




Hartmann-Sanders Co. 



We hve issued 
A VERY INTERESTING CATALOGUE on 

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and Garden Accessories 

showing a series of new designs can 
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EXCLUSIVE 

MANUFACTURERS 

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Catalogue "P-28" for Pergolas and Column for Pergolas 

Catalogue "P-40" for Exterior and Interior Wood Columns 



MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY: 
ELSTON AND WEBSTER AVES., CHICAGO, ILL. 



Pacific Caul Factory : 
A. J. Koll Pig. Mill Co. 

Lot Angrlrs, Cal. 



EASTERN OFFICE: 
1123 BROADWAY 
NEW YORK. N.Y. 



WHEN you build of concrete, 
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Paint and Varnish Maker* 
New York Office: Architect* Building 





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entertainment and pictured beauty and clever 
satire and refreshing humor and mid-summer 
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luggage (it's some weight) the August number of 

VANITY FAIR 



NOW ON YOUR NEWS STAND 



Price 25 cents 



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449 Fourth Ave., New York 



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In 'writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



4 6 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 




Every Bird Lover 

Needs This 
Sparrow Trap 



30 Days FREE Trial 




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$0.35 




Feedery, $1.00 



Sparrows serve no useful purpose. They 
cause much damage, and drive the beauti- 
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This trap has many points of superiority. Catches sparrows at both 
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First and only trap GUARANTEED to catch both old and young 
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KEEP THE BIRDS WITH YOU ALL WINTER 

Many attractive, valuable birds will remain around all winter if 
properly fed. Birds become more friendly and attached to you when 
taken care of. Start now. 

We make a large variety of feeding devices. Suet Feeders, Feeding 
Houses, Feeding Tables, Feeding Cars, etc. Send for complete free 
catalog. 

We are the largest exclusive manufacturers of 
bird houses and feeding devices in the world. 

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E. E. EDMANSON & CO., 




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season, from earliest till latest. 

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J. T. LOVETT, Box 152, LITTLE SILVER, N.J. 

For thirty-, even year* a Strawberry Specialist 



'HKTRK UCHTPUMB 



. Install one of these conven- 
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Also operates flatirons, washing 
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An effective prevention of fire. Little or no attention re- 
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For durability, freedom from repairs and long, steady 
service, install 

KEWANEE Private Utilities 

Water Supply System! Gasoline Encinri 
Sewaje Disposal Plants Gasoline Storage Plants 
Electric Lijht Plants Vacuum Cleaning Silicon 
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Send for Illustrated bulletins) 

on any or ill or the above 

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BRANCH OFFICES: 
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The House an Artist Built for 
Himself 

(Continued from page 24) 

stone fireplace. He started with the head 
of the boy with its soft cream coloring. 
Then he felt a need of color contrast and 
put the reddish brown vase behind it. The 
small vase to the left is for contrast in 
dimensions, to set a scale, as it were. 
Then, again and again, he puts in some 
glass. He likes its translucent quality 
against the opaque. Beside the boy he 
used the glass jar with the golden butter- 
cups and the slender pale stems, and then 
again between the brass samovar and the 
dull black metal vase another bit of glass- 
ware. It was this same feeling that 
prompted him to put the glass lamp be- 
side the Victory. He likes things scat- 
tered about. The clutter of magazine* 
beside the lamp is put there purposely. 
He likes things jumbled, and there is such 
a thing as knowing how to jumble. The 
interesting cabinet on the studio mantel 
shelf is, by the way, a present from 
Alonzo Kimball. We asked Mr. Foster 
to arrange some still life about the detail 
of the fan-topped door to make it an in- 
teresting composition in the photograph. 
It was delightful to see how spontaneously 
he placed the round tray with the butter- 
cup jar to balance the samovars and the 
green jar. There was one color bit that 
Mr. Foster enjoyed immensely, and that 
was the russet-yellow of the grapefruits 
on the gate-legged table beneath the 
orange silk lining of the hanging lamp 
and against the soft green of the sofa. 
It is an appreciation of just such things 
that is worth its weight in gold in the 
furnishing of an interior, and yet it is 
a something that we all can cultivate and 
embody in our own surroundings. 

Mr. Foster is just starting work on his 
grounds. The land is very sandy. Up 
to now the water problem has been 
serious, but Mr. Foster is putting up a 
wooden windmill that will not only add 
greatly to the picturesqueness of the place, 
but will solve the problem of water for 
the gardens. This spring Mr. Foster has 
had a great deal of construction work- 
done in putting up brick piers along the 
boundary lines, in edging the borders 
about the house with eight-inch brick 
walls, and in building six low-walled gar- 
den beds. One of these is on the north 
side of the house. The five others are 
on the south on either side of the pergola 
and will hereafter be surrounded by more 
pergolas and by pools. Between the brick 
piers along the boundary lines there are 
vertical and horizontal rough timbers 
covered with honeysuckle vines. Inside 
of these are high shrubbery plantings, the 
idea being to have a growth that will give 
absolute privacy to the grounds and se- 
clude them from the road. The first 
plantings in the front are of the native 
barberry, shrubs that are suited so per- 
fectlv to the soil. 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Afc.rsT, 



L101SK AND (JARDKN 



47 



The Art of Taking Cuttings 
(Continued from page 29) 

needful to procure a healthy shoot; with 
hard-wooded and shrubby examples the 
cutting should be formed of a young but 
a moderately ripened portion. Some 
plants strike best when they are in a cer- 
tain degree of ripeness, and actual expe- 
rience is the only way in which these 
points can be discovered. 

It is well to leave the foliage on the 
cuttings. Leaves near the lower portion 
of the shoot may be gently pulled away, 
though care must be exercised in order to 
avoid injuring the buds at the bases of 
the stalks. 

The soil in which cuttings are placed 
should always be light and sandy. It is 
well to sterilize it by baking, or pouring 
boiling water over it before use. This 
kills the germs of mould, which will 6ften 
play havoc with delicate subjects. It is 
an excellent rule to allow for a layer of 
pure sand on the top of the soil in which 
the cuttings are placed. This helps to 
keep the shoot in place and makes it easy 
for the first roots to start. The end of 
the cutting should just project into the 
actual soil. Pots, pans or boxes are all 
suitable for the starting of cuttings, and 
these are strongly to be recommended 
even where the process of striking is be- 
ing carried on out of doors. It is not 
always easy to manage cuttings in the 
open border. Where heat is available it 
may be borne in mind that nearly all soft- 
wooded plants root more freely under the 
influence of a little bottom heat. Wher- 
ever the foliage is of a delicate nature, 
or of such a character that it will wilt 
quickly, some means of checking transpi- 
ration must be adopted. The best plan 
is to cover with bell glasses, old jars, 
or tumblers, or, in the case of boxes and 
pans, sheets of glass. Most cuttings, es- 
pecially of the soft-wooded kind, root 
more freely if they are rather closely* con- 
fined. As soon as they have actually se- 
cured a hold, however, it is important to 
give them a shift on, as will be explained 
later. It is well to avoid crowding too 
many cuttings into one receptacle. Where 
a pot is being used plant the cuttings 
around the outside, as shown in the ac- 
companying photograph. Keep a sharp 
lookout for dead or withered foliage ; 
this must be removed at once, as it is 
likely to breed mould. Some cuttings will 
take a long time to root, and this is the 
case with many shrubs. Never despair 
so long as the foliage appears to be fresh. 

To secure the best results some plants 
should be treated in rather a special way. 
Thus it is a good plan with roses always 
to arrange that the end of the cutting has 
a "heel" on it. A glance at the picture ac- 
companying this article will show the 
meaning of the phrase. Some plants, like 
begonias and gloxinias, are readily pro- 
pagated (and indeed many of the best 
specimens are produced in this way) 



1 


THE 
11 -YEAR 
TYPE 




GOOD YEAR! 

^ _.:' W AKRON, OHIO 

CORD TIRES j 


11 
& 

EXTRA 
VIRTUES 

- 



CORD TIRE EVOLUTION 

From the first-type Cord Tire to the Goodyear is a very long advance. 
It has taken us 11 years to complete it. But the result is now a vast 
Cord Tire revival a fast multiplying vogue. You can now secure 
all the Cord Tire's virtues, without its faults, by demanding these 
Goodyear betterments. 




Long Obscurity 

Cord Tires were invented many years ago. 
At one time, through their super-comfort, they 
attained vast popularity. Then they dropped 
for some years into semi-obscurity. That was 
the original type. 

That relapse was due mainly to high cost 
per mile. The first-type Cord Tire gave about 
as much comfort, power-saving and resiliency 
as the Goodyear Cord Tire of today. But cost- 
per-mile confined that type largely to electric 
cars, where comfort and power-saving made 
them essential. 

Fighting the Fault 

The Goodyear Cord Tire is now n years 
old. For some years we also built them mainly 
for Electrics. Then we found ways to vast 
extra mileage, offsetting their extra cost. Now 
gasoline car owners by the thousands are adopt- 
ing the Goodyear Cord Tire. Leading car 
makers, including Packard, Franklin and Loco- 
mobile, make them regular standard equipment. 
Most makers of high-priced cars now supply 
them as extras. In six months the demands has 
multiplied at least 25 times over. 



Long- Life 
Extras 

These are our 
chief improvements: 

Goodyear Cord 
.Tiresnowhavefrom 
6 to 10 cord layers. 
Our 4-inch Cord 
Tire is 8-ply; our 
larger sizes are 10- 
ply. That means 
extreme reinforce- 
ment. They are 



iil-WMther 
Tre.il 




vastly overzize. We increased the air capacity 
by 30 per cent, which, by accepted formula, adds 
75 per cent to the life. 

We gave them our No-Rim-Cut feature, 
which combats a major waste. For extra secu- 
rity we vulcanized 126 braided piano wires into 
each tire base. To prevent skidding, we offered 
the Ail-Weather tread, tough and double-thick, 
with resistless grips. Also, we retained the 
Ribbed tread, always so popular with foreign 
makers. All these things were added all ex- 
clusive to Goodyears without sacrificing one 
iota of the virtues of Cord Tires. 

This Type Will Stay 

Don't judge the Goodyear Cord Tire by what 
you know of others, past or present. This new- 
type Cord will stay. It has that wondrous com- 
fort which won men to old types. It has all 
their shock-absorbing qualities, all of their power 
saving every iota. And we've ended the first- 
type faults. 

Cord Tires are essential on pneumatic-tired 
Electrics. They add 25 to 30 per cent, to the mil- 
age per charge. On any car, gasoline or electric, 
they mean amazing comfort. But get the Good- 
year Cord Tire, for you want long endurance, 
too. Goodyear costs no more than others. 
Most makers of 
cars, gasoline or 
electric, will supply 
them on request. 
Any Goody eardeal- 
er can get them. 
Any Goodyear 
branch-in 65 cities 
-will direct you to 
a stock. 

THE GOODYEAR 

TIRE & RUBBER 

COMPANY 

Akron, Ohio 



Ribbtd 
Tntd 




Play House 

Hodgson 
Portable 
Houses 



Cottar* Carat* 

Artistically designed and finished, made of the most durable materials and 
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to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



4 8 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 



Neglect did this! 



Have your trees &xamin<e4 now* 
&t tree surgery save them! 



^^^MWMBiHHi 

but be sure to get real tree surgery 

Last Spring Davey Tree Surgeons were engaged to save the trees of the magnificent 
P. A. B. Widener estate at Ogontz, Pa. The following letter, called forth by the devastating 
ice storm of last December, proves how well they did this: 



"Your work on our trees is very satisfactory. 
The trees were put to a most thorough test 
recently in a severe ice storm and, thanks to 
your excellent reinforcements you gave them, 
were only very slightly damaged. Your cavity 
work is especially fine and will prolong the life 
of the old trees for many years." 

WM. KLEINHEI^TZ, Supt. 

In our files are hundreds of similarly enthus- 
iastic letters. The U. S. Government has 
officially chosen Davey experts as best. Could 



you ask for more convincing proof that real 
tree surgery is Davey Tree Surgery? Don't 
wait until it is too late to save your trees. Write 
today for free examination and booklet illus- 
trating Davey Tree Surgery. 

The Davey Tree Expert Company 

1824 Elm St., Kent, Ohio 
(Operating the Davey Institute of Tree Surgery) 

Branches in Principal Cities. 
Accredited Representatives Everywhere. 



BOBBINK & ATKINS 

World's Choicest Nursery and Greenhouse Products 

Grown in America 

ROSES IRIS 

PEONIAS STRAWBERRIES BOXWOOD 
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JAPANESE FLOWERING CHERRY HARDY OLD 

FASHIONED FLOWERS 
OUR NEW HYBRID GIANT FLOWERING 

MARSHMALLOW 
Ask for our Illustrated General Catalog No. 40. 

Nurserymen, Florists & Planters RUTHERFORD. N. J. 




... Give new Crjartn lo war 
Garden and Home ./Jncl Tor 
lOaialolaeoI Ariislic Flower 

jXandiaJy, Benches, *, oiner 
Deaulifal Pieces .... 



(TERRA COTTA CO. 
3218 WALNUT ST. 
PHILADELPHIA 

NEW YORK SHOW ROOM 
RAFTSMAN BLDG--30.e:.'5ttAve. 




F*rize .Peonies 

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Select from our splendid collection of 150 varieties. 
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In addition to the above you will find listed the 
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Evergreens 

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ROSEDALE NURSERIES 

S. G. Harris Box B Tarrytown. N. Y. 



A "Weatherbest' Roof 
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A white house with dark ffrfftt " Ifeatherbrst" R 



n Weatherbest Shingles you get the highest quality 
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176 Main Street NORTH TONAWANDA, N. Y. 

Makers alao of the superior quality 

"Transfer Brand" Red Cedar Shingles 

Demanded by knowing builder*, aotd by bet lumber dealer* everywhere. 



simply sticking into the soil some of 
the leaves. Tubers form readily on the 
ends of the stalks. Xow and again it is 
not always desirable to increase a plant 
by means of wholly detached cuttings. 
Then layering should be adopted. In this 
plan a portion of the stalk of the plant is 
pinned down under the soil. Cut the 
stem half way through below a bud, and 
peg down this portion into the soil sur- 
rounding the plant. The practice is com- 
monly followed with good results in the 
case of carnations. That it is not always 
necessary to make an incision is well illus- 
trated in the case of strawberries, where 
the simple pinning of the shoot to the soil 
results in the formation of a new plant. 
A curious mode of treatment is often 
adopted in the case of pot plants which 
have become rather drawn up or "leggy," 
as the gardener says. Here the stem is 
cut half way through at a suitable position 
just below a bud. Then a pot which has 
been divided into two parts by means of 
a hammer and chisel is filled with soil 
or fiber and fastened round the cut por- 
tion. The process is indicated in a pic- 
ture. When the cutting starts to root the 
stem is simply severed just below the pot, 
and in this way a fresh plant is established. 
1 his treatment is adopted in the case of 
rubber and other pot plants with great 
success. A few plants, such as myrtles, 
fuchsias, veronicas (shrubby kinds) and 
Tradescantias root with the greatest free- 
dom in bottles of water. Root cuttings 
are not very commonly employed, al- 
though it may be borne in mind that 
wherever a bud is present on a root a 
fresh plant can be formed. 

As soon as the cuttings have started to 
make roots it is highly important to lend 
the plants a hand. Here a good deal of 
care should be exercised, as the roots are 
easily damaged and the little plant will 
receive a serious setback unless the trans- 
planting is carried out properly. On the 
whole, the best plan is to take a thin slip 
of wood, such as a label, and push this 
right under the little plant, finally gentry 
lifting it up in such a way that the soil 
round the roots is taken up too. Then 
pot off in the usual manner. Many plants 
which have been cuttings start to grow 
up very rapidly after transplanting, and 
it is desirable to check this. By nipping 
off the top shoots lateral development will 
be encouraged. In many cases the shoots 
can be used for a further supply of cut- 
tings where increase is again desired. 



Old Boxwood in New Gardens 
(Continued from page 28) 

which owe their existence to-day largely 
to their boxwood. One of the most 
famous, perhaps, is the Ferrell garden at 
La Grange, Ga., which originally covered 
thirty acres. Wonderful box-bordered 
walks and great, round shrubs, clipped in 
formal fashion, are the particular pride 
of this lovely old garden. There is no 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



sr, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDKX 






otlier evergreen so facile under the shears 
as boxwood. 

In moving antique boxwood an expert 
should always be employed. The secret 
of moving it is to lift it in such a way 
that all the roots remain undisturbed in 
their original soil. In box-bushes a hun- 
dred years old it has been found that the 
active roots, instead of going straight 
down as they do for the first twenty-five 
or thirty-five years, run out horizontally 
four or five inches under ground. The 
only way to locate these roots is to dig 
a hole about six feet from the outer edge 
of the bush to a depth of, say, eight feet 
and then to run a tunnel under the bush, 
removing the dirt by hand from beneat'.i. 
When the bush is lifted a board may be 
run under it so that the soil will not fall 
away from the roots. It is sometimes 
necessary to take as much as eight feet of 
soil with a bush. The proper preparation 
of the bed to which the bush is to be 
transplanted is of the utmost importance. 
Boxwood grows best in a light, loamy soil 
where the drainage is good. The ground 
should therefore be carefully prepared 
with six or eight inches of sand for drain- 
age and with about eight inches of rich 
compost of sand and manure on top. A 
foot of rich soil should also be filled in 
around the roots. Box can be trans- 
planted successfully from March to 
November. 

Arts and Crafts in the Home 
of Good Taste 

(Continued from page 14) 
should be mentioned the Mercer tiles and 
the very effective combination with con- 
crete. Many beautiful things are pro- 
duced in individual studios, sometimes by 
craftsmen with assistants and pupils. 
Silverware from Baltimore ; from Chi- 
cago and Boston articles in brass and 
copper. So we begin to have character- 
istic work from here and there able to 
stand with the world's former produc- 
tions, each in its own field. An arts and 
crafts exhibition room can show almost 
any material and every craft; metal, 
woodcarving, china decoration, pottery, 
glass, architectural brasses, textile weav- 
ings or printings an endless array. And 
all of these are but as specimen copies 
from the artists : the true method is for 
the home-makers to meet the craftsmen 
and that they should together carry, out 
such results as are suitable and beautiful 
in the special place and use and needs and 
pleasures of the family. 

From the foregoing, it is plain v that a 
home is a composite thing, for which all 
members of the family are in their degree 
responsible, and that it rests upon certain 
conditions. They who must live in a hired 
apartment are obviously at a disadvantage, 
for the true home can hardly be conceived 
without a base upon the earth. Indeed, 
there have been craftsmen of note who 
have announced just this: "The problem 
of the land and the problem of arts and 



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It works swiftly. It is sure. A boy often can use it. 
It never damages. It does not harm a thousand dollar rug or a 
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Fire engineers recommed it. Large corporations use it. 
Office buildings are equipped with it. It is in railway and street cars 
everywhere. Armies and navies use it. Through its use, thousands 
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Protect your home put a Pyrene on every floor. 

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( MI'HTS in nil Principnl Olio 
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lent for Immediate Effect 

Not for Future. Qei\eraiioru?e== 




START with the largest dock 
that can be secured ! It takes 
over twenty yean to grow many 
ol the Trees and Shrubs we offer. 



We do the long waiting lhu 
enabling you to secure trees and 
fhrubn that give immediate results. 
Price List Now Ready. 



>ORRA HuRSERIES 

Wm.Warnr Harper 



CH*nut Hill. 

PhiU. Pa. 

Box H 




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HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 



TOWNSEND'S 

The Greatest Grass 
Cotter on Earth 



Send for Catalogue of 
all Tjpes of 
Mowers 



TRIPLEX 

Cut* a Swath 86 ins. wide 
, / S.P.Townsend & Co. 




Patent Peitlini 





No. 21, Blue Bird No. 25, Woodpecker. No. 23, Wren 

RUSTIC HOUSES 

have a special attraction for Birds for that is 
what they nested in before civilized (?) man came 
with his slashing and destroying axe. 

These three for $3.50. Best Wire Sparrow Trap, $4.00 

Free circular. Booklet free with every order. 
It is not too late now to put up Bird Houses. 

You will be sure to attract some for their second 
or third brood. 

THE CRESCENT CO., "Blrdville," Toms River, N. J. 



D REMOVAL CMl 

Br* 



Here's the New Improved 
DODSON SPARROW TRAP 

Catches sparrows automatically has a double funnel 
trap on left end, a drop trap on right end. There is no 
other trap like this. 

Help in the good work of banishing English Sparrows 
these quarrelsome pests drive Song Birds away from 
us. Put out a Dodson Trap. Price, $6 f.o.b. Chicago. 

Free Booklet Tells how to attract native birds. 
Describes the famous Dodson Bird Houses 20 
styles. If you want song birds get genuine Dodson 
Bird Houses. 

Nature Neighbors a Library of fascinating books 
chiefly about Birds, written by authorities and marvel- 
ously illustrated in colors. Write for free illustrated 
folder. 

H. Dodson 

Chicago, III. 



Joseph 

731 Security Bldg. 



crafts is one and the same." From an 
entirely different quarter, and written on 
another subject, comes matter not inap- 
propriate here. The restlessness of the 
time is ascribed to the lack of humaneness 
in our institutions, and especially in our 
homes, and the writer goes on to say : 
"Women have been called to account 
severely by modern novelists for this, but 
women, after all, are a product, like men, 
of their time and suit themselves to the 
conditions in which they find themselves. 
* We are in a new time, and the 
modern home-spirit must be something 
appropriate to and welded with the social 
conditions of our own day." The two 
modern efforts, domestic science and 
esthetics, are noticed, but, it is added, ''In 
spite of our sanitary knowledge and our 
enlarged conveniences and the effort to 
bring esthetics to bear upon the arrange- 
ment of furniture and wall coverings, the 
modern home too often has an atmos- 
phere of homelessness. It is a gathering 
place for members of the family and 
more or less suited to this end." He con- 
tinues : "Neither household efficiency nor 
esthetic success will ensure the home 
spirit." There is no solution offered, 
though referring to the finer unity in old 
clays. "The life-purpose of religion, the 
associations of our fellows, are gone, and 
in their place material benefits that we 
know not how to use leave us restless, 
both men and women dissatisfied." And 
"from our new ordering of life a new 
faith and a new means of forming human 
associations must be wrung by a religion 
and a science of life that can shape our 
industry to higher ends." 



My Moonlight Garden 
(Continued from page 31) 

from adjacent flowers ; and in a garden 
where white reigns it is possible that no 
varying hues would appear in them. 

These, then, are the flowers which have 
contributed to the success of my moon- 
light garden. Many others there are, too, 
which I have not mentioned, but the list 
I have given is sufficiently long for the 
garden lover desirous of repeating my 
novel experiment. They will assuredly 
add to the pleasure of summer evenings 
on the porch or lawn. To appreciate the 
unique effect of such a garden you must 
see it, and inhale its fragrance. The star- 
like Yuccas, the white blossoms gently 
waving amid silvery shadows thrown by 
the stalks of the taller plants, the blend- 
ing odors, all combine to make it a veri- 
table garden of dreams. 

Like the Persians, who gather before 
a blooming plant, spread their rugs and 
sing to the plaintive accompaniment of 
their lutes, we may at eventide drink in 
the romantic charm of our moonlit gar- 
den as we rest after the cares of a busy 
clav. 



In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Arci'sr, 1915 



H0USE AND GARDI.X 



Planning the Efficient Cellar 

(Continued from page 34) 

cellar walls may be built of any of the 
ordinary materials if a non-absorbent 
quality is chosen. For instance, any stone 
except soft sandstone may be used, brick 
or hollow tile, if it is vitrified, well-made 
concrete blocks or concrete poured in 
wooden or metal moulds, if the mixture 
contains enough Portland cement and 
sand to prevent its being porous. The 
chief point in making a concrete that is 
not porous lies in putting in enough Port- 
land cement and sand to fill the chinks in 
the crushed stone or gravel very thor- 
oughly. The mixture should be one part 
cement to three parts sand to six parts 
stone, or for use in a very damp soil, i 
part cement, 2^/2 sand to 5 of stone. 

In making a wall of poured concrete, 
if a mould is left partially filled over night 
or longer, so that the concrete sets before 
the next batch is poured in, a seam will 
form which will leak, unless care is taken. 
The surface of the set concrete should 
be brushed clean and then covered with 
Portland cement mixed with water before 
the new batch of concrete is poured in. 

Where the ground is very soggy or 
where only porous materials are available, 
further waterproofing may be needed. 
The outside of the walls may be coated 
with hot tar or with a rich mixture of 
Portland cement, hydrated lime (5 pounds 
to I bag of cement) and sand, or with 
one of the several waterproofing com- 
pounds on the markets, applied when the 
wall is clean and dry. The same method 
may be efficacious on the inside of an old 
cellar which is damp, if the wall is chipped 
so that the surface is clean before the 
application is made. 

The expense of these building mate- 
rials varies widely in different localities. 
In a gravel soil it is often economical to 
use poured concrete because the gravel 
dug from the cellar is used in the mixture. 
The items of freight and hauling are so 
considerable that the material nearest at 
hand is usually cheaper, unless it entails 
a heavier labor expense. The owner 
usually needs the expert advice of the 
architect and the contractor on such 
points. 

In loamy or clay soils the bottom of the 
foundation wall must go below the lowest 
penetration of frost to prevent the walls 
being shaken by the expansion of the 
earth's freezing beneath them. In 
gravelly soil the expansion is not notice- 
able. 




If there is an ingredient for 
paint that will make it wear 
longer and look better on 
your house, don't you want 
to know it? 



zinc 

is the name of that ingredi- 
ent. Now you know. 

" Your Move" is a book that supplies sufficient 
information for you to act upon. 

The New Jersey Zinc Company 

Room 412, 55 Wall Street, New York 
For big contract jobs consult our Research Bureau 



T1ANERSK 

Painted Furniture 



for the informal rooms 
in City homes and 
Apartments. 

Complete sets for all 
rooms of Country 
Homes inexpensive 
yet charming and 
sturdy. 

Choice of color scheme 

Write for Booklet " A " 

ERSKINE-DANFORTH 

CORPORATION 
2 West 47tbSt..NewYork 




Garden Furniture 

For Garden, Lawn and Porch 

Take solid comfort in yourgardt-n this summer. 
Plan an outdoor living room with tome of the attractive 
Mathews Designs. Our free portfolio of plate* will give 
you many valuable suggestions. 

THE MATHEWS MANUFACTURING CO. 
101 Williamson Bid*. Clcrelind, Oblo 




In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 



SAFE 



100% 



SANITARY 



v 

Solid Porcelairv 
Refrigerators 



Are the only 

ones made 

having the Entire Ice Cham- 
ber of one piece of Genuine 
Solid Porcelain Ware over an 
inch thick without joints, 
cracks or troublesome drain 
pipes. Each food compart- 
ment too is One Piece of solid 
porcelain, not enamel on metal 
but Real Porcelain Ware. 
Guaranteed not to crack or break. 

Five inch thick walls save much 
ice. The circulation is right. 

BEAVER 
(REFRIGERATOR MFG. CO. 

New Brighton, Pa. 



Lil. Candidum (Madonna Lily). 
Must be planted August-September. 
Our bulb book contains full descriptive list, 
TULIPS, HYACINTHS. NARCISSII, CROCUS. 
LILIES, IRIS. BYZANTINE WONDER BULBS. 
Seeds for Summer and Fall, Novelties etc 
Send for it. It is free. 

H. H. BERCER & CO., 70 Warren Street, NEW YORK 




SY STEM 



Of Underground Refuse Disposal 

Keeps your garbage out of sight in 
the ground, away from the cat. dog and 
typhoid fly. 

Opens with foot. Hands never touch. 





T^. Underground Garbage 
S' and Refuse Receivers 



Fireproof Receiver for ashes, sweepings and oily 
waste in house or GARAGE. 

Our Underground Earth Closet 
means freedom from polluted water. 

Look for our Trade Marks 

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Sold direct. Send for Catalogue. 

C. H. STEPHENSON, Mir. 

20 Farrar St., Lynn. Mast. 



Your Saturday Afternoon Garden 

(Continued from page 25) 



used. The same method can be used suc- 
cessfully with beans, cucumbers and other 
tender things. A load or so of marsh hay 
can be bought in most localities very 
cheaply, and used for this purpose during 
September and put over the strawberry 
bed and perennial onions and spinach for a 
winter mulch in November. 

One of the most important of the gar- 
den jobs for August is tending the celery 
crop; the earliest varieties, if they were 
planted early and have been well cultivated 
since, should be ready for the table some 
time this month. And although the stalks 
are never of the same crisp, nutty quality 
as those which have been cured in cold 
weather, nevertheless a medium quality 
celery is better than none at all, and natu- 
rally every gardener wants to have some 
to use as soon as possible. As soon as the 
plants become large enough so that there 
seems to be a tendency on the part of the 
stalks to spread out rather than to grow 
upright, the first step towards blanching, 
which is known as "handling," should be 
taken. After cultivating thoroughly be- 
tween the rows, so that the soil is well 
loosened up, with the hand hoe or the 
wheel-hoe, the rows should be hilled ; then 
go over them again, working the soil a 
little more closely around each plant, so 
that the stalks will be held together and 
upright. To complete the blanching, how- 
ever, still further treatment is necessary ; 
this further blanching may be done with 
earth, boards or the more modern and 
convenient method of bleaching by the use 
of tubes of tough opaque paper, which are 
placed about each plant. In blanching 
with earth it will pay, if more than a few 
dozen plants are grown, to get a regular 
celery hoe, designed to do quick and ef- 
ficient work in drawing the soil around the 
plants. They must be banked on either 
side high enough, so that nothing is left 
exposed to the light except the foliage at 
the top of the stalk. If the work can be 
done after a rain or after irrigating while 
the soil is moist it will be very much easier : 
but the plants should not be disturbed 
while they are still wet, as this is apt to 
spread the disease known as celery rust. 
Where boards are employed they should 
be used to cover the stalks up to the foli- 
age ; one is placed on either side of the 
row and then some dirt worked' up to the 
bottom to exclude any light which might 
get underneath. The stalks are held to- 
gether at the top with broad wire staples 
or fastened with stout cord twisted around 
nails near the edge. Only the few plants 
needed for immediate use should be 
' blanched at one time. Some varieties are 
much easier to blanch than others, but a 
week or ten clays will usually be sufficient. 
The new celery bleacher consists of a 
hinged metal tube, which can be rapidly 

In ivritiug to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



clamped about a plant of celery, holding 
the stalks firmly together. Over this a 
paper tube is slipped ; the metal tube is 
then drawn out, leaving the plant in a neat, 
clean casing which may be used over 
again as soon as the plant so treated is 
sufficiently blanched. With this any num- 
ber of plants desired, or the biggest plants, 
in the row may be bleached at one time. 

Celery is blanched in the garden until 
the first hard frosts. After that the part 
of the crop designed for winter use is 
taken up and either stored in trenches or 
in the cellar and the blanching is accom- 
plished by the method of storing. The 
stalks which keep the best for winter use 
are the green variety of celery, such as 
Giant Pascal, Winter Queen, Evans' Tri- 
umph, and so forth, all of which must 
be blanched, in order to be of good table 
quality, much more thoroughly than the 
earlier sorts like Silver Self Blanching, 
Golden Self Blanching and White Plume. 
The chief point to observe now in grow- 
ing the part of the crop wanted for winter 
is to keep the soil worked up to it suf- 
ficiently, so that the stalks will grow in an 
upright position. When this is done it can 
easily be packed away in the trenches or 
boxes for winter storage. 

A number of other fall crops require 
special care in one way or another before 
they are ready for use. Watch the cauli- 
flowers carefully, and as soon as the heads 
are two inches or so in diameter tie up the 
leaves at the tip so that they will keep 
white and tender. Cos lettuce should be 
loosely tied up, in order that the hearts may 
be of the finest quality. Endive should be 
blanched by tying up or with two boards 
placed A -shape over the row a week or 
so before it is used. A good plan for the 
small garden is to get a dozen or so 8" 
pots. By using these over and over again, 
just as you use the celery bleachers, as 
described above, a succession of nicely- 
bleached heads may be had with very little 
trouble, and the largest ones may be picked 
out for the earliest use. If the tops are 
cut out of the Brussels sprouts as soon 
as the stalks begin to form the strength 
of the plant will go into the root, rather 
than into the clump of leaves at the top. 

August is likely to be the critical time 
with the melon crop ; the greatest pest is 
the striped cucumber beetle ; he gets them 
going and coming, as he not only does 
serious damage himself, but carries with 
him the germs of the worst melon disease, 
and lays eggs from which come the small 
worms which often kill the plants by at- 
tacking the roots. If he puts in an ap- 
pearance a combined insecticide and fun- 
gicide spray or dust should be used. But 
if only a few hills are grown, try knocking 
the first beetles that appear into a can of 
kerosene and water with a small paddle. 
Early in the morning they are usually not 
very active and can easily be got. Look 
carefully for them in the half-opened 
flowers, which are one of their favorite 
hiding places. 



Arc.rsr, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



The vine crops will be making very 
rapid growth by this time. The ends of 
the main runners may be pinched off at 
a length of four to six feet for cucumbers 
and melons, and six to eight feet for 
squash and pumpkins, throwing the 
strength of the plants into the laterals, on 
which most of the fruit sets. For extra 
big specimens for exhibition purposes, 
however, it is best to select one, or, at the 
most, two fruits on the main stalk, and 
pinch this off several joints beyond, re- 
moving all laterals. 



The Possibilities of a Small 
Water Garden 

(Continued from page 17) 

lily pads, and flowers that are very similar 
to yellow poppies. This also being tender 
must be wintered indoors, where it grows 
perfectly well if planted in a water-tight 
receptacle two-thirds filled with earth, 
having depth enough to allow six inches 
of water over the earth. 

The plant which shall complement the 
dominant feature of a pool is, of course, 
a plant of another form entirely ; some- 
thing that shall break the monotony of 
line and strike a sharp, clear note of quite 
a different character. Reeds or rushes 
furnish this form, also the "umbrella" 
plants but not so pleasantly, to my mind. 
Sweet flag is excellent also, the normal 
all-green form being a better choice than 
the variegated. One plant of this, which 
must be brought under its name of Acorns 
calamus, in a small pool near its edge, 
will need thinning as it spreads. But this 
is done very easily, for its root stock may 
be broken apart without injury to the por- 
tion of the plant remaining. It grows 
about two feet high. 

A rush with the perfectly awful name 
of Scirpns Tabeniacinontana zebrina has 
a fancy leaf and grows to be from three 
to four feet high. This is too tall for the 
smallest pool; but as it is a plant of the 
grass-like form its grace and a certain 
delicacy permit its use where a heavier 
and ranker growth would seem too big. 
The common cat-tail, which is Typha 
latifolia, is as lovely as anything can be 
for this purpose of vertical growth, and 
where there is sufficient space I should by 
all means utilize this. It grows as high 
as eight feet, however, which puts it out 
of the question for a small place. 

Submerged plants must always be in- 
cluded in every water planting if the water 
is to be kept sweet and pure through 
proper aeration. There is no better oxy- 
genator than the giant water weed 
Anacharis Cattadensis gigantea although 
eel grass is a close second. This comes 
under the name J'allisneria splralis; and 
a clump of both or of either will be suf- 
ficient to start with. They increase rapidly. 

On a pool of goodly proportions water 
lilies will, of course, dominate. On even 
a very modest little pool they may by 
means of just one plant of the small form. 



..mi 



i i ii 








. 



Though one associates garden ornaments primarily with extensive 
formal gardens they can be used to splendid advantage in small country 
estates and city back yards. Look about your place. There is sure to 
be some favored nook that needs only a bit of ornament to give new 
charm and distinction. Our catalogue illustrating a wide range iif Mimlcls 
reproduced in Pompeian Stone, will help you in your selection. 

To those desiring marble ornaments, we offer special facilities, insuring reasonable prices and prompt deliveries. 




Factory 
Astoria, L. I. 



THE ERKINS STUDIOS 

The Largest Manufacturer* of Ornamental Stone 



226 Lexington AVI 
New York 




15 Per Cent Discount 

on all Stock on Hand 

Garden Furniture 

and 

Decorations 

of Reinforced Cast Stone 



BIRD BATHS 
FOUNTAINS 
SUN DIALS 



BENCHES 
SETTEES 
VASES 



Interesting Catalogue Mnt 
On Requett 

J. C. KRAUS CAST 
STONE WORKS, Inc. 

157 West 32d Street'New York 



KRELAGE'S 
DUTCH BULBS 

FOR FALL PLANTING 

including the world-renowned novelties 
of their own raising (Darwin and Rum- 
brandt Tulips, etc.), are offered in their 
| new catalogue, sent free on request to 

J\ H A %/ F IT D SoU Agent for 
A. d e V E. EJ K , United States 
100 WILLIAM STREET (Suite 200) NEW YORK 



Tasteful Mural Effects 



Add beauty, charm and distinctiveness to 
yam home. Give to it an air of cultured 
refinement by having your walls finished in 
the latest offerings of 

Fab-Rik-O-Na 

Woven Wall Coverings 

An almost unlimited variety of beautiful 
tones, shades and designs afford unique color 
scheme. Unequalled in rich simplicity and 
durability. When in New York, visit our 
exhibit at the Craftsman Home Builders 
I Permanent Exposition, 6 East 39th Street. 

H. B. WIGGINS SONS CO 
218 Arch Street Bloomfield, IN. J 



Send for Booklet 

"Art and Utility in Decoration 

And Samples 



A BIRD BATH OF SHARONWARE 

If you wish to at- 
tract the birds, 
give them plenty 
fresh water for 
bathing and drinking- 
Where water is not 
naturally abundant, a bird 
bath, such as the one illustrat- 
ed, should be used. It emp- 
ties itself every 34 hours, 
thereby making it sanitary. 
This bath is so constructed that the birds may bathe in water 
from an eighth of an inch to two inches deep. It is 17 inches in 
diameter, 6 inches high and weighs 30 Ibs. It is decorative, ar- 
tistic ant] practical, and can be secured in various colors. Price. 
$3-50. F. O. B. New York. Crating charge on out-of-town 
orders. 30 cents extra. 

Shoronware, the new frost -proof cement garden furnish ings, win- 
dow boxes, jardinicrs, flower pots, bird baths, garden scats, etr. 

Sharonware Workshop, 42 Lexiofton Art., New York City 





i 



STANDARD 
OF THE 
WORLD" 

IT is a permanent improve- 
ment that adds more than 
its cost to the value of the 
property enclosed. Nothing goes further 
toward giving house and grounds an at- 
mosphere of elegance, refinement and 
privacy the finishing touch to outside 
surroundings. 

Over 350 plain and ornamental designs to har- 
monize with any house, garden or grounds. 
Styles for every purpose town houses, suburban 
homes country estates, parks, cemeteries, fac- 
tories, schools, churches, etc. Book of designs, 
upon request. Write for it. giving brief descrip- 
tion of property. 

THE STEWART IRON WORKS CO. 

Dept. "F," Cincinnati, Ohio 
"The World's Greatest Iron Fence Builders" 
Vases, Settees. Wire Fence. 

Lamps. Lawn 0, ?',?,""' !,'\ 

Fountains * .&. <""* Wire Work 




In writing to advertisers ftease mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



54 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 



KELSEV 
HEALTH 
H EAT 




HE KELSEY HEAT has no ugly, 
room-taking radiator to sis, sizzle 
and leak. That's one reason why we 
recommend the Kelsey to you. 

Two or three of the other reasons 
are: It both heats and ventilates at 
the same time, which means cozy com- 
fort in the middle of Winter, with 
plenty of fresh air, and still no drafts. 

It saves coal. If it saves coal, it 
saves money. 

All we ask right now is a chance to 
tell you how much it will save for you, 
and why it saves it. 

Before talking it over together, I 
want you to look through one of the 
Kelsey Booklets called, "Some Sav- 
ing Sense on Heating." Send for it. 






TKL 
VAR(V> 



WARM AIR GENERATOR | 
237 James Street, Syracuse, N.Y. 

Chicago 
2767-K Lincoln Ave. 



New York 
103-K Park Ave. 



it 




Smokeless 
Firebox Boilers 
Cut Coal Costs 




COMMONWEALTH AVE., BOSTON. NEAR 
MASSACHUSETTS AVE. CAR LINES AND 
SUBWAY STATION. IN THE COOL, QUIET SECTION 
YET BUT SIX MINUTES FROM EVERYTHING. 

<Tl)r Distinrtiur Hoston 

Comfortable quarters of any size at reasonable rates. 

Some globe trotters have said that the Puritan is one 
of the most attractive and homelike hotels in the world. 

Your inquiries gladly answered and our booklet mailed. 

H. G. COSTELLO. Manager. 



Sweet flag a single clump kept well down 
in size would be the complement of this; 
and then I should say that the water 
hyacinth was about the best choice that 
could be made for the third element the 
minor straggler. It travels about under 
the impetus of the breeze and is really 
and truly a vagabond, as a matter of fact, 
giving the touch of uncertainty that only 
such can give. Under water both eel grass 
and water weed and a pair of goldfish to 
every tubful of water in quantity. Even 
the pool that is only a tub should have 
these. 

Planting and care I have left to the last, 
because what applies to one plant of this 
class practically applies to all. The soil 
for aquatics should be rich ; they should 
invariably be fully exposed to the sun ; and 
the water must be still water. Moreover, 
when the pool requires filling it must be 
done very gently and slowly, that the tem- 
perature may not be lowered. The best 
practice adds each day what is lost by 
evaporation during the twenty-four hours : 
no more, no less. And the easiest and 
best way to add this is in the form of a 
gentle spray thrown from a fine sprinkler. 

If it is possible to get the soil from a 
pond bottom or from a swamp, by all 
means do so. Mix this with a third of 
rotted manure and spread over the pond 
bottom to the depth of one foot at least. 
If such natural soil is not available use old 
sod mixed with a third or more of cow 
manure and add bone meal in proportion 
of a pound to a plant (water lily) every 
spring. Pack the soil well down and cover 
it with a two-inch layer of coarse sand 
followed by pebbles. This ensures clear 
water and a very charming background 
for the activities of the goldfish. 

The hardy lilies which I have listed may 
stay in the ground all winter, but the 
water must be drawn off before freezing 
in all save naturalistic clay-bottom ponds. 
Put a dressing of leaves in the water's 
place right up to edge of the basin and 
cover with boards to keep these in place. 

On the pool's margin seeds of water 
clover Marsilia may be scattered, or 
forget-me-nots may be planted close to 
hide the brim, if it is of cement and shows. 
It is not necessary in all cases, however, 
to hide this. Indeed, it is sometimes much 
better, in a formal design, to leave it un- 
covered, unless it stands more than two 
inches above the turf surrounding it. 



Efficiency in the Flower Garden 

(Continued from page 21) 

(Angelica tree), Hydrangea, Smoke Tree, 
mock orange and the Japanese maples. 

For hedges and borders : Berberis (Bar- 
berry), Boxwood, Pyrus (Japan Quince), 
Privet, Rosa rugosa. 

Of the above, lilac gives universal satis- 
faction and has been cultivated during the 
last decade and developed into wonderful 



new varieties, which make a collection of 
them extremely interesting; forsythia, an 
old favorite, but always popular ; spiraea, 
one of the healthiest, most dependable and 
most graceful of all the flowering shrubs ; 
weigela, one that will stand extreme 
neglect; heather and heath, which are ex- 
tremely beautiful but particular in their 
wants, requiring a rather moist soil ; the 
strawberry shrub, with its peculiarly 
fascinating fragrant and unique flowers ; 
the hardy hydrangeas, which soon make 
themselves as permanent a feature of the 
place as the front gate ; boxwood, for neat, 
trim, formal little edgings about the gar- 
den ; privet, for a tall, dense hedge to give 
you privacy from the public highway ; bar- 
berry, if you are fortunately situated and 
so far from the highway that you can 
afford to be less exclusive ; and the rock 
hardy rugosas, which may be had in sev- 
eral handsome varieties as well as in the 
plain, more familiar, single white, which 
will spread of themselves, take care of 
themselves, and will resist any insects or 
disease which has yet appeared, making 
the place beautiful throughout the summer 
and well into the winter with their large 
red lips. 

The nursery catalogues will give you a 
great deal of useful information and more 
numerous and elaborate descriptions of 
varieties than it would be possible to give 
here. But the nurseryman, no matter how 
elaborate he may make his catalogue, can- 
not do all work for you. You should take 
the trouble to make a plan, drawn more 
or less roughly to scale, and figure out 
accurately what you will need before 
ordering. You will never get satisfactory 
results by first making out your list and 
then trying to get a place to put them 
after they arrive. Another mistake which 
the beginner is very likely to make is to 
want to try "one of each" of everything 
which he can afford to get. The results 
of following this policy will be as disas- 
trous in hedge gardening as in flower gar- 
dening. While the best effects cannot be 
had with shrubs as can often be had with 
flowers by planting large masses of the 
same variety, nevertheless in a border of 
any size it is usually desirable to use sev- 
eral of the same species at least : the 
varieties may be different, and often should 
be, because some blooming sooner than 
the others the flowering season is more 
continuous. But do not be afraid of get- 
ting a monotonous effect by ordering three 
or six or a dozen of the same shrub, if the 
grounds are of a fair size. Hedges, of 
course, should be planted as units, all of 
the same thing. If terminals, gateways 
and so forth are wanted of a different 
height, this can usually be managed by 
trimming and training. 

In planning your shrub plantings there 
are three general principles which, before 
all others, should be kept in mind. The 
first is known as the "open center." Do 
not scatter either beds or single specimens 
over the ground. In small places they 



AUCH'ST, 



HOUSE AND GARDKX 



should be kept well to the sides and back. 
It is always safe to aim to have as great 
an unbroken stretch of lawn as possible ; 
then, if the flower beds and borders are 
kept near the walks and drives or about 
the house or just in front of the shrub 
borders, which should be along the boun- 
dary line, you will be able to make the 
most of the material at your disposal. 

The second is, in planting the mixed 
shrubbery border, avoid straight lines ; 
the outer edge of the bed should resemble 
a seacoast in miniature, with points, capes 
and peninsulas jutting out into the lawn. 
The taller shrubs should, of course, be 
kept at the back and the shorter ones in 
the foreground of the bed. 

The third is to maintain natural vistas, 
or to create artificial ones which will look 
natural. Even on the small place, where 
there is no mountain or valley or lake that 
must not be shut off by the shrubbery 
plantings, there is usually a good deal of 
choice as to outlook which should be pre- 
served, and the things which should be 
hidden from sight. It is almost always 
desirable to get the effect of spaciousness. 
The efficiency shown in your handling of 
shrubs will depend to a great extent upon 
how well you succeed in doing this. Tall 
background shrubs planted thickly along 
the boundaries give an effect from the 
inside of "something beyond." A turn at 
the end of an arbor or vista, though it 
may be but a dense shrub or two against 
a blank wall, gives the impression that 
is not the end, but that it leads somewhere 
else. 

On the very small place, or some par- 
ticular part of the large place, it is often 
desirable to accomplish just the opposite 
result, to create the effect of seclusion, 
aloofness and safe sanctuary from the 
madding crowd. But when that is at- 
tempted it should be intentional and com- 
plete. No vista should open out upon any 
immediate landscape ; the privacy aimed at 
should be without a peakhole. Such gar- 
dens are often the most delightful ; in 
them one seems to become more intimate 
with the carefully tended flowers, and the 
birds for bird* will always find such n 
garden and appropriate its beauties as 
naturally as they take to the newly erected 
birdhouse. And shrubs must be depended 
upon for the framework of the secluded 
garden. Walls? A wall may be but a foot 
and a half thick; and one always has the 
feeling that one's good neighbor's laun- 
dress is hanging out the wash and listen- 
ing for any stray bits of conversation 
just over it. But the thicket border of 
shrubs, for all one can tell from the in- 
side of it, may be the border of a track- 
less wood, a mile from the nearest neigh- 
bor, and quiet enough for you to catch 
through the leaves an occasional glimpse 
of Pan himself. 

(Continued on page 2) 




Xno-fturn 

Expanded Metal Lath 

You know this Trade-Mark through National Periodical Advertising 



When a manufacturer 
puts his brand on a line of 
goods he knows that the 
sale of every single article 
under that brand will react 
upon his future business 
the reaction being gocd 
or bad according as the 
article is gocd or bad. If the 
article is uniformly gocd 
the reaction will be uni- 
formly gocd and his busi- 
ness will prosper. 

Trade-marks and na- 
tional advertising are the 
two most voluable public 
servants in business today. 
Their whole tendency is to 
raise qualities and stand- 
ardize them, while reducing 
prices and stabilizing them. 



National advertising 
gains for a manufacturer 
the volume which is neces- 
sary for economical pro- 
duction and reduces his 
selling cost to the lowest 
possible level so that he 
can deliver to you a good 
article, of certain quality, 
and at a price which would 
not be possible without na- 
tional advertising. 

These are the chief rea- 
sons why you, for your own 
sake, always should give 
preference to goods that 
bear the maker's brand and 
are nationally advertised. 
It is the safe and econom- 
ical thing to do. 



MEMBER OF THE QUOIN CLUB 

THE NATIONAL PERIODICAL ASSOCIATION 




Swings Quietly On 

STANLEY HINGES 

The Standard of Quality the world 
over Before buying the Hardware 
(or your new home, write for booklet 
" H." on Properly Hung Doors." 

THE STANLEY WORKS 



New Britain 



Connecticut 



VJ\_ I ITl3n. QVER 2a distinct varieties; 



Iris 



may be set now and estab- 
lished for next year's flowering. 
Also several forms of Iris pumila, 
1 ' Japanese iris and Siberian 

irises. Ask for catalogue of Cold Weather Plants. 

F. H. HORSFORD, Charlotte, Vermont 



Smoky 
Fireplaces 



Made to 
Draw 



No payment accepted unltt* 

lUCCtllflll. 



Also expert services on 
general chimney work. 



FREDERIC N. WHITLEY 

Engineer and Contractor 

II* Fulton Street, Brooklyn. N. Y. 



IRISES 

EXCLUSIVELY 

Plant them from August to November. Catalog on request 
THE GARDENS DAYTON, OHIO 



In writing to ad'-ertisers please me ntion HOUSE & GARDES. 

Q ' 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



AUGUST, 1915 




House of Mr. Rex Jones, Highland Park, 111. Robert Seyfarth, Architect, Chicago, III. 

FOR the outer covering of a home where exposed 
to the relentless attack of time and weather, no 
other wood gives such long and satisfactory service as 

WHITE PINE 

Despite an impression of its scarcity, White Pine is still abun- 
dantly available today, as it always has been, in any quantity 
desired. If your lumber dealer is unable to supply it, we would 
appreciate an opportunity of being helpful to you in securing it. 

Send today for our free booklet "WHITE PINE IN HoME- 
BuiLDING." It is beautifully illustrated, and it has 
much interesting and practical information for the home- 
builder. If you contemplate building, please send us 
the name of your lumber dealer when writing for booklet. 

Address, WHITE PINE BUREAU, 

1819 Merchants Bank Building, St. Paul, Minn. 



Representing 

The Northern Pine Manufacturers' 
Association of Minnesota, Wisconsin 
and Michigan, and The Associated 
White Pine Manufacturers of Idaho 





CURTAINS 
DRAPERIES 

AND 

PORTIERS 

Made to Measure 

after your own selection 
of style and materials. 
Ready to hang and 
guaranteed to fit. 

Write for Catalogue of Draperies and Furniture 

SANFORD SHOPS, Inc. 

Dept. D: 49 Wot 45th Street, New York City 



This Book 

will help you solve your 
Roofing Problems. 
It will be sent Free 
Postpaid on request, by 

Asphalt Ready Roofing Co. 

Dept. 451 

9 Church St., New York, N.Y. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 
HUDSON SHINGLES 




RADIUM MAKES 
THINGS GROW 

What Radium Fertilizer will do for your grass, 
flowers, shrubbery, etc., in hot weather, is proven 
in above picture, where increased growth and 
loliage amounting to at least 25% was secured. 
Give it a trial plants are living things and need 
food while they are growing. 



FERTILIZER <pimFood> 

Contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash and radium. 
One pound will fertilize 50 sq. ft., or a plot 10x5 feet. 
Sold by dealers, or prepaid east of Mississippi River 



(West, add 5c. Ib.) as follows: 

12 oz. can, $0.25 2 Ib. can, $0.50 

1.00 
1.75 




5 Ib. can, 

10 Ib. can, 

25 Ib. can, 3.75 



Onr famou 
Makes Thing. 



J Ra 



asking. 

Radium Fertilizer Co. 

203 Vanadium Bldo. 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 

Splendid Opening for Agents Radium 
Fertilizer easily sold -make f,,000 and 
more per year. Write us. 




To Spring 
Flower Lovers 

As a lover of Spring flowers, I want you to con- 
fidently feel when you read my ads., that Vander- 
beek's Imperial Quality Bulbs are so much more 
desirable than the ordinary kinds, that you will be 
anxious to give them a trial. 

Your own garden results will then prove to your 
entire satisfaction, that our cliams for their supe- 
riority are, if anything understated. 

With this in mind, let me make you this 

SPECIAL OFFER 

While they last, I will gladly send 
you, any or all of the following 6 
collections, made up of 10 each, of 
10 choice named varieties, carefully 
packed and labeled. 

Names of each variety furnished 
on application. 

100 Single Early Tulips $1-00 

100 May Flowering Tulips. . 1.50 

100 Darwin Tulips 2.00 

100 Crocuses (4 varieties)... 1.00 
100 Hyacinths (Bedding size) 3.00 

100 Narcissus 1.50 

If the entire 600 Bulbs are ordered 
at $10. I will prepay the delivery 
to any part of the United States. 
You to pay the delivery on smaller 
orders. 

Send to day for my Bulb Book and 
list of the varieties included in this 
special offer. 






THE 



is the commonest carrier of disease. By 
keeping the premises clean of garbage 
and refuse the danger from this pest is 
reduced to a minimum. Keep your 
garbage out of sight by using a 

Norristone u^Tound 
Garbage Receptacle 

The light, durable, Solid Cast Aluminum Cover is 

pleasing to the eye and will not rust or corrode. The 
cylinder which holds the galvanized garbage pail is made 
of reinforced Norristone concrete and is indestructible. 
It is invaluable as a fireproof receiver for sweepings and 
oily waste in Factory or Garage. 

Write for illustrated booklet and full information to 
J. FRANK NORRIS, Norris Street, Rochester, N.Y. 



In ivriting to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GA 








ember 1915 
Price 2.5 cents 




Plant Peonies in September 

DEONIES can be and are planted at any time during the spring and fall, but September is the very best time for transplanting 
* them, and if planted then they will bloom the following June; if large undivided clumps are planted, a splendid display of 
bloom can be had. Peonies are one of our great specialties, and our list of varieties is the most comprehensive in America. We 
have now over fifty thousand plants to offer. SPECIMEN PLANTS Of many varieties we can furnish large undivided 
clumps at three times the price quoted below or in our catalogue. Immediate effects can be obtained by planting these large clumps. 
The finer varieties of Peonies surpass the finest roses in coloring, form and size. They are absolutely hardy and of the easiest 
culture. They should be planted in deep, rich soil, three to four feet apart. Below we offer a small selection of extra fine 
and good varieties, but can supply over three hundred sorts. Our price list, the most comprehensive catalogue of Hardy 
Plants, Trees, Shrubs and Bulbs published, may be had for the asking. Write for catalogue or make order on order blank below. 

SPECIAL. OFFER OF PEONY FESTIVA MAXIMA. 



Of this glorious white Peony we now have a stock of over ten thousand plants, and to induce people to plant it in quantity we have decided to offer it at a specially low price. It is the 
most sati 
$50 per l66. La *Srna^"p1lantr3bVeVtr^a*ch."$3 p'eV do"z"$2"6 per KM). 25 iurp'ahed at the 100 r 



atisfactory Peony in cultivation and cannot be surpassed either for cut-flowers or for decorative effect in the garden. Very large, pure white flower, with a few blood-red stains in 
nter; tall stalks, beautiful foliage and very free-flowering. Extra large undivided clumps. $1.50 each. $16 per doz., $125 per lOO. Strong flowering plants, 50 cts. each, $5 per doz,, 



Quantity 
Wanted 



ORDER BLANK 

ELI*IOTT NURSERY, 366 4tK Ave., PlttsburgH. Pa. 

(J. WILKINSON ELLIOTT, President) 



PEONIES Each do" 

. . . . Asa Gray. Large, full flower, imbricated, beauti- 
ful form, carnation-salmon, powdered with car- 
mine-lilac. One of the best $1 . 03 

. . . .Avalanche. Large flowers of perfect shape, milk- 
white, creamy center with a few carmine stripes ; 
late and very free-flowering, splendid habit. A 
variety of great distinction and beauty 

....Couronne d'Or (Golden Crown). Large imbri- 
cated white flower, yellow reflex with stripes of 
carmine and golden stamens ; extra fine 

. . . .Delachii. Large cup-shaped flower, deep amar- 
anth, late-flowering, fine 

....Edulis superba. Very large flower of perfect 
shape; beautiful brilliant tinted violet, mixed 
with whitish igules silver; reflex 

.... Pestiva. Similar to Festiva maxima but dwarfer 
and smaller flowers. Special low price. Per 
100. $9.00 

. . . . Charlemagne. Large flower, creamy white, 
shaded chamois 



1.50 



.50 
.35 



5.00 
3.50 



.35 3 . 50 



.35 



3.00 
3.50 



Dir/-kivTf i?o 
PEONIEb 



Quantity 

anted 

...Humei rosea. A splendid old sort, with deep 
rose-flowers; one of the latest to bloom ....... 

. . . Marguerite Gerard. Lovely light pink, ex- 
quisitely beautiful .......................... 

. . . M. MartinCahuzac. Large, purple, red, shaded 
with black-maroon; very brilliant, and the dark- 
est variety in cultivation; extra fine ........... 

. . . Mixed Varieties. This mixture is made up from 
varieties of which we have not sufficient to cata- 
logue. It does not contain the best varieties, 
but the quality is extremely good for the low 
price quoted ................. Per 100, $15.00 

. . . Mme. de VernevMle. Very pretty anemone 
flowers, very full; collar of large petals; those of 
the center very close; carnation-white and sul- 
phur, sometimes carmine, extra .............. 

. . .Old Double Crimson. This fine old Peony is 
very effective when planted in masses; one of 
earliest to bloom ............ Per 100, $16.00 

...Madame Bucquet. Velvety black amaranth, 
colori ng very dark and rich ............ 



Each doz. 

$0 . 30 $3 . 00 

1 .50 

4 . 00 



.25 2.50 
.75 8 . 00 



PRICES (6 at the dozen rate, 
50 at the 100 rate) 

Sad 1 ' PEONIES 

.Tenuifplia. Same as following variety, but with 
beautiful single flowers $0 

.Tenuifolia flore pleno. Deeply cut fringe-like 
foliage; flowers bright scarlet crimson; rare and 
fine 

. Triomphe de I 'Ex posit ion de Lille. Large, 
imbricated flowers, soft carnation-pink, with 
white reflex, carmine center; very fresh coloring; 
splendid 

. Duchess de Nemours. Beautiful cup-shaped 
flower, sulphur white, greenish refiex,extra fine. 

. Baroness Schroeder. Ivory white. First-class 
Certificate, R. B. S 

. Edward Andre. Large globular flower, deep 
crimson-red, shaded black with metallic reflex; 
magnificent coloring 

. Duke of Cambridge. A very handsome, bright 
crimson flower; a superb variety; the very best 
of its color , 



Signed . 



Eachd p ?; 

.40 54.00 
50 5.00 

.00 10.00 
.35 3.50 
.00 

75 7 . 50 
75 8 . OO 



JAPANESE PEONIES. 

. Double and Semi-Double. These are really 
very choice and distinct from varieties grown in 
this country, and will give the greatest satisfac- 
tion ........................ Per 100. $45.00 

.Single. The finest Single Peonies undoubtedly 
come from Japan. They are equal or superior 
to single sorts coming from Europe costing 
three times as much .......... Per 100, $55.00 



BOBBINK & ATKINS 

WORLD'S CHOICEST NURSERY on3 GREENHOUSE 
PRODUCTS FOR FALL PLANTING 

Our various collections represent the highest standard 
of American Horticulture. By experience we know 
their landscape value and respectfully ask your inspection 
before purchasing. We have every facility for prompt 
and careful execution and shipment of each order 
large or small. 

EVERGREENS Individually perfect wo n d e r f u 1 1 y 
complete. Plant in August and September. 

EVERGREEN FLOWERING SHRUBS Including our 
wonderful collection of Hardy Homegrown Rhododen- 
drons. 

ORNAMENTAL SHADE TREES and FLOWERING 
SHRUBS Over 100 acres of our Nursery devoted to 
these. 

HARDY OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS, PEONIES 

AND IRIS Every meritable plant in an uncommon 

assortment. 
FRUIT TREES AND BUSHES Dwarf, trained and 

Standards in all desirable varieties. 
BULBS AND ROOTS The cream of quality from 

every country. 

HOMEGROWN ROSES Our experience prompts us to 
encourage Fall planting for our Homegrown Roses. 
We have every variety you need. 

Our ILLUSTRATED GENERAL CATALOG No. 
40 and autumn BULB CATALOG mailed on request. 

We Plan and Plant Grounds and Gardens Everywhere. 

FLORISTS and PLANTERS RutHerfOfd, N. J. 



Intrenched 

Against 

Winter! 






The assaults of the Frost 
King have no terrors for 
plants protected by 



DUO-GLAZED HOT BED SASH 



The growing season is now 365 days in the year. No extra covering is required 
no mats or shutters or boards, no early n.orning or late evening labor in the 
cold. Duo-Glazed Sash are made to last a lifetime; of heavy Louisiana Red 
Cypress, carefully selected and firmly tenoned together. The Duo-Glazed Lock 
btrip makes glazing easy no springs, sprigs, putty or plugs. An invaluable 
labor-saver and money-maker. Think of enjoying fresh vegetables and flowers 
all winter 

DUO-GLAZED GEM GREENHOUSES 

Little Gem, a diminutive but complete Green- 
house made of Duo-Glazed Sash, creosoted and 
glazed, and with a perfect hot-water heating sys- 
tem. Absolutely complete and ready to set up 
one hour's work and you can begin planting. Clean 
vegetables and flowers for you all winter with 
little care and at low cost. Forty square feet of 
Summer garden all Winter. 

Gem Sectional Greenhouses complete in every 
; in seven sizes. Constructed of 




\ 



plant. Model ventilation, 
and a money-saver. 

Low prices and highest quality of materials and 
today postal brings it without delay. 



particular, made L. - 

Cypress with Duo-Glazed Sash, workmanship un- 
excelled. Special hot-water heating system 
supplied or can he attached to your house heating 
Painted in harmonious colors. An ornament to your garden 



.i. 



vorkmanship. Just write for catalog 



CALLAHAN DUO-GLAZED SASH CO. 

103 Wyandot Street, DAYTON, OHIO 



SEPTEMBER, 101=; 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SAFE 

Solid Porcelaia 
Refrigerators 



Are the only 

ones made 

having the Entire Ice Cham- 
ber of one piece of Genuine 
Solid Porcelain Ware over an 
inch thick without joints, 
cracks or troublesome drain 
pipes. Each food compart- 
ment too is One Piece of solid 
porcelain .not enamel on metal 
but Real Porcelain Ware. 
Guaranteed not to crack or break. 

Five inch thick walls save much 
ice. The circulation is right. 

BEAVER 
REFRIGERATOR MFG. CO. 

New Brighton, Pa. 




[IRON AND WIRE FENCES 

^^^y Fences of all descriptions for City 

f and Suburban Homes. Write today 
f for our Fence and Gate Catalogue, am 
f itate briefly your requirements. 

/AMERICAN FENCE CONSTRUCTION Co. 

/ 100 Church Street, New York 





Building? 

Get This FREE Book 

It tells all about the proper methods of 
beautifying your homo. I (escribes John- 
son's Prepared Wax, which (rives hard, 
glass-like finish to furniture, floors, 
woodwork, etc. Does not gather dust. 
IB not oily. Book also tells about 

Johnson's Wood Dye 

Comes in 17 harmonious shades. Makes 
cheap, soft woods as artistic aa hard 
woods. If you are interested in build- 



Ing, we will mail you/ree a Dollar Fort- 
folio of Wood Panels, showing all popu- 
lar woods finished with Johnson's Wood 



Finishes. The Panels and the 25c book 
Edition HG9&re Free and Postpaid. 

S. C. Johnson & Son, Racine, Wii. 
''The Wood Finishing Authorities" 




VANITY FAIR 

Vanity Fair is a new kind of magazine. There 
is nothing else like it in the United States. 

Vanity Fair is to America what The Taller and Sketch are 
to England : a mirror of life, original and picturesque ; 
informal, personal, intimate, frivolous; but with a point 
of view at once wholesome, stimulating and refreshing. 

Put together the best pages from your favorite theatre mag- 
azine, your favorite sports magazine, your favorite book 
magazine, your favorite humor magazine, your favorite art 
magazine, then add flavoring from London and sauce from 
Paris and seasoning from Broadway and Fifth Avenue, add 
pages of photographs, sketches and portraits, shake well, put 
on a beautiful color cover and you will get a general idea of 
this most successful of new magazines. 

Vanity Fair sells for 25 cents a number or $3.00 a 
year. The September number is crowded with enter- 
tainment of superior quality and in great variety. 
You will find it on all the best newsstands. 

Special Offer 

Six Months for One Dollar 

Readers of this magazine using 
the Coupon at the right can 
have a six months ' ' i trial 
subscription for $1.00, 




In writing to advertisers flease mention Hous? & GARDEN. 



Readers of HOUSE AND GARDEN desiring properties not found in this directory are invited to write to us. We are in consta 
touch with the leading country real estate dealers and are in 



6 a position to find just the property you are seeking. Address, Real 

OUSE AND GARDEN, 440 Fourth Avenue, Neiv York City. 




Jftelbsrton 

RIverdale-on-Hudson. 242d St. & Broadway 

Between Van Cortlandt Park and tbe Hudson River 

COMBINES THE ADVANTAGES OF 
ACCESSIBILITY, ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH 

Here are plots with individuality, amid pictur- 
esque hills and woodlands, right in New York City. 
For Particulars Address 

DELAFIELD ESTATE 25 JM 6 Marvin 



27 Cedar Street. New York 



527 5th Ave. Cor. 44th St. 




Residence of Clavton S. Cooper (Author) 



Prir\e 



r\ 

r vct home town 




SHERWIN-WILLIAMS 

PA/NTS - VARNISHES 

The Right Finish for I very Surface 




A HOUSE BUILT THROUGHOUT OF 

MATfO Hrllow Tll is thoroughly fireproof, and 
Wt\ 1 1~\J nOHOW 1 116 ; 8 coo | er in Summer, and 

warmer in Winter than one of any other construction. It is cheaper 
than brick, stone or cement. SEND FOR LITER A TURE 

National Fire Prooflnz Company, Department Y, Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania 



/!:_ .. J._ n_21 J *) 

doing to nut 7 



Then write for our interest- 

*- 



THE YALE & TOWNE MFG. CO. 
Maker, of Yale Product.. 9 E. 40th St.. Now York 



"BILLIARDS The Home Magnet" FREE! 

A handaomely illustrated book showing all Brunswick Home 
Carom and Pocket Billiard Tables in actual colors, giving eaa: 
terms, prices, etc. Sent Free! Write for it todv 

The Brunswlck-Balke Collender Co., Dept. I5W, Chicago 



"ARTBRNZ" PRODUCTS gfaPSJSSX. "* 1 

Book Rocks Statuary Library Lamps Ash Trays, etc. 

Ranging in price from SI. 50 up. 
Catalog illustrating 200 Art Subjects free. 

KATHODION BRONZE WORKS, 501 Fifth Ave., New York. 



ABSOLUTE RELIABILITY 

is found in Goodyear No- ^tZS^S' 

Rim-Cut Automobile Tires. /"" n r\r\ *S?vir A i> 
Easiest Riding I|OOD;C->YEAR 

Longest Wearing "<>KRON. OHIO 




A NOTABLE AMERICAN NOVEL 

ALLOY OF GOLD 

By Francis William Sullivan 
Author of "The Children of Banishment." 

In the mad whirl of New York social life, with its phil- 
anderers, idle wives and wasters, Worth Pryce loses faith in 
his father, his best friend and even his betrothed. During 
this period of cynicism and disillusionment he comes upon 
Ruth Barret, a childhood friend, whose serenity and common 
sense help him to regain his poise and to understand the 
happiness of true and unselfish love. 

12mo. $1.35 net. Postage 12 cents. 

McBRIDE, NAST & CO., 31 Union Square N., New York 



Arranging Your Flowers 

WHATEVER receptacles are chosen 
to hold flowers, they should be tall 
enough to accommodate the stems com- 
fortably, and a general rule may be ob- 
served that low-growing blossoms are best 
used in low bowls, and those growing 
high, as on trellises, are best placed in tall 
jars. To prevent the unpleasant tight and 
crowded effect so often seen when flowers 
are carelessly thrust into any jar at hand, 
each flower should be placed with its fel- 
lows separately and allowed to take its 
natural curve. Flowers are like children 
they need room to breathe and expand, 
and each blossom should stand out as 
much as possible by itself, since no two 
of them are alike, and each has its indi- 
vidual beauty. The leaves of the plant 
should also be permitted to twine and 
droop as they will; for any forcing of the 
stems or leaves is unnatural, and there- 
fore ugly in contrast with their own natu- 
ral lines. 

Sugar bowls are excellent holders for 
flowers, especially the silver ones with 
handles on either side ; for silver will 
stand almost any combination of color, 
even though the more delicate shades of 
greys, blues, light pinks and lavender 
make the most effective contrast. White 
roses in a silver holder are remarkable for 
their beauty. Glass bowls and vases are 
admirable for the delicate-stemmed buds 
and blossoms, as the leaves and stems, 
showing through the glass like a mirrored 
reflection, are particularly natural and 
pleasing. Coarse, thick-stemmed flowers, 
however, should never be placed in glass 
receptacles, as the stems are too rank 
and the effect distasteful ; nor should 
flowers that discolor the water be used in 
glass vases, since muddy, brown liquid is 
displeasing, no matter what the beauty of 
the flower above. Pewter and brass jars 
can take a heavier flower, and produce 
their best effect in the simpler shapes of 
jars and vases. Old-fashioned spoon- 
holders, either silver or glass, are good 
holders, since they are the right shape and 
height, and will carry any colored, long- 
stemmed flower well. 

Flowers are intimate things, each hav- 
ing its own character and type. Those 
used for hall decorations should be in 
keeping with the character and furnish- 
ings of the particular hall in which they 
are used. Many persons prefer to have 



In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



SEPTEMBER, 



MOUSE AND (JARDKN 



their hall of a formal character, and for 
such a stately decoration would be several 
long-stemmed sprays of snapdragon in 
shades of yellow and magenta, or a cer- 
tain odd tint of purple placed in a tall, 
slender brass jar with a rounding bottom 
and a tumbling Japanese dragon at the 
neck. Such a vase should hold a few tall, 
white and yellow daisies, or a single rose 
spray ; but for hall decoration, flowers 
should be rather large. In the autumn 
several high sprays of red and yellow 
leaves could be effectively arranged. For 
a small hall of more intimate character, a 
cluster of red and yellow nasturtiums in 
a low, wide-mouthed jar gives a homelike 
feeling, and for a very tiny vestibule sev- 
'eral nodding poppies in a candlestick glass 
vase give an effect that is truly exquisite. 

Flower decorations for a dining-room 
should harmonize with the color of the 
table appointments. A single, large, flat 
bowl of sweet peas, if they go well with 
the general color effect, or a large jar of 
yellow and red nasturtiums, if the dining- 
room has a color effect of brown, yellow 
or tan, will be not merely effective, but it 
is simple and dignified. For a bedroom, 
the smaller, more intimate varieties of 
flowers are in place a cluster of violets 
in a glass bowl, a single rose or carnation 
in a slender vase, a flat dish of pansies or 
a spray of light-yellow nasturtiums. When 
placed on the dressing-table these flowers 
give a bedroom a charm distinctively its 
own. 

Decanters are charming for a single 
flower, and especially so for roses. Pan- 
sies are delightful in one of the little glass 
baskets used for the purpose, if they are 
properly cut. To pick them so as to give 
the best result, do not clip the flowers 
separately, but take both flower and leaves 
almost as much as a plant slip and 
place the leaves at the base of the flowers 
with the flower stems rising high above. 
If picked this way and placed in a pale- 
yellow or iridescent glass bowl the colors 
blend charmingly and the flowers seem as 
if springing from their natural green bed. 
Black, purple and yellow pansies form a 
good contrast, and if you give them plenty 
of room, each tiny velvet face will nod 
smilingly, as if just waiting for a little 
friendly gossip. 

A copper jar or bowl is a difficult thing 
as a flower holder, since copper takes the 
color out of any flower not brilliant 
enough to vie with it. Yellow is its com- 
plementary shade, but red, unless skil- 
fully combined with yellow tones, should 
not be used. Brass and pewter vases or 
bowls are good for the heavier flowers, 
such as snapdragon and golden glow, and 
a charming arrangement for a tea table or 
taboret is a few yellow coreopsis and rag- 
ged, blue sailors in a light-green vase 
about six inches high, with a lip top and 
an inlay of silver. 



SOCIETY 



fTowN & COUNTRY professes to a frank 
and wholesome friendliness toward out- 
door life and luxurious living. It reflects 
this life with accuracy and understand- 
ing whether it touches social events, art, 
books, the drama, country house life, 
golf, polo, tennis, travel, hunting, dogs, gardening or 
happenings in Diplomatic Circles or in the Army and 
Navy. 

T;OWN & COUNTRY keys its comment to the tone of 
the drawing-room. It is a pictorial paper but it selects 
its pictures with a view to the eternal interest that 
exists in people who do noteworthy things. 

There is a theatre in New York which contains 
only two hundred seats. Its great attraction is 
that there is nothing promiscuous about its atmos- 
phere, its productions or its audience. 

TOWN & COUNTRY'S great attraction to its readers 
is that there is nothing promiscuous about its atmos- 
phere, its contents or its audience. 

It is doubtful, indeed, judged by the character of its 
contents and appearance, if a higher 
standard of quality could be at- 
tained in periodical publishing. 

TOWN & COUNTRY 



Kstiihli-hfil 1846 



No. 8 WEST 40rn ST., NEW YORK 



36 ISSUES 



$5.00 A YEAR 



25 CENTS A COPY 




IRISES 

EXCLUSIVELY 
Plant them from August to November 

Catalog on request 
THE, GARDENS DAYTON. OHIO 





Swing* Quietly On 

STANLEY HINGES 

The Standard of Quality the world 
over Before buying the Hardware 
for your new home, write Tor booklet 
"H,"on Properly Hung Doors." 

THE STANLEY WORKS 



New Britain 



Connecticut 



Smoky 
Fireplaces 



Made to 
Draw 



No payment accepted ante** 
luccfttfaL 



Also expert services on 
general chimney work. 



FREDERIC N. WHTTLEY 

Engineer and Contractor 
tit Fulton Street, Brooklyn. N. Y. 



In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



4 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN 


SEP 


TEMBF.R, 


1915 



f 



fe. 



IT COSTS LESS TO DRESS 
FASHIONABLY 

"Do I spend $10,000 a year for my gowns?" 
said a leader of New York society. "Why, 
I spend more than that on my mistakes I" 
This, however, was before the days of the 
new fashion authority 

HARPER'S BAZAR 



Signed articles by Poiret, Paquin, 
Premef, Cheruit and the other great 
Paris dressmakers appear exclusively 
in Harper's Bazar. Advance Paris 
models are shown by scores in the 
Fall Fashion Number, now ready. 
You can dress fashionably with 
Harper's Bazar for less cost than you 
could dress unfashionably without it. 

Fiction, Too 

Serial novels by Mrs. Humphry Ward 
and Alice Duer Miller are now ap- 
pearing in Harper's Bazar; it also 
brings you short stories by other 
authors who write about modern so- 
ciety not from the outside looking in, 
but from the inside looking out. 

And Society- 
Interesting signed articles by the women who 
lead, society Lady Randolph Churchill, the 
Duchess of Marlborough, and their most 
prominent relatives and friends in America 
are an exclusive feature of Harper's Bazar. 

And Best Shops- 
Ail the Fifth Avenue shops .that you would 
now be exploring, were you in New York 
today, have come to meet you halfway in the 
September number of Harper's Bazar. 

Pin a Dollar Bill to the 

v s \ corner of this page, sign and mail it, 
, <W X v and you will receive Harper's Bazar 
^ o *^"\ for ten months, beginning with 
t^4, -vy^ x the Fall Fashion .Number, 
^s ^ or'Vo' ^So~^ now rea dy- The coupon 
brings it to you immedi- 






LOOK OUT 
FOR SPARKS 

No more danger or damage from flying 
sparks. No more poorly fined, flimsy fire- 
place screens. Send for free booklet 
"Sparks from the Fire-side." It tells about 
the best kind of a spark guard for your in- 
dividual fireplace. Write to-day for free 
booklet and make your plans early. 

The Syracuse Wire Works 

100 VnJTcrilty lTnn, - 8jraen, H. T. 



Home Furnishings 

to fill every possible requirement of 
modern housekeeping. 




45th St. and 

6th Ave. 
NEW YORK 



Underground Garbage Receiver 
Keeps your garbage out of sight in the 

ground, away from stray cats, dogs a.nd 
typhoid fly. It pays to look us up 

Sold direct. Send for circular. 

Look for our Trade Marks 
C. H. Stephenson. Mf r. 20 Farrar St., Lynn, Mass. 




DIAMOND BRAND COMPOST 
WELL ROTTED HORSE MANURE 
Dried Ground Odorless. 

Largely humus rich in plant foods, free from weed seeds. 
Give your lawn a top-dressing now being moisture-holding will 
keep your lawns green. Put up in bags 100 Ibs. each. 

Write for Circular B and prices. 
New York Stable Manure Co., 273 Washington Street, Jersey City, N. J. 

In writing to advertisers flcase mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Distemper and Its Treatment 

SECOND only to mange, distemper is 
perhaps the best-known disease, by 
name, of any to which dogs are suscept- 
ible. It is a very common ailment, attack- 
ing dogs of all ages, and yet its proper 
treatment is often neglected or even un- 
known by the average dog owner. When 
once it takes hold it is quite sure to run 
its natural course, but a few simple, sen- 
sible remedies and precautions will gen- 
erally swing the balance from the danger 
side to that of comparative safety. 

Distemper is a catarrhal, feverish dis- 
ease which affects the entire mucous mem- 
brane, especially that of the head and air 
passages. First, there is noticeable a dull 
appearance of the eyes, a sluggishness in 
demeanor, and a lack of appetite. Soon 
a dry cough begins, fever is apparent, 
there is a discharge from the eyes and 
nose, and the dog sneezes frequently. A 
rash breaks out on his abdomen and the 
insides of his legs, and in some cases fits 
and partial paralysis occur. Any or all 
of these symptoms may be present, de- 
pending on the individual case. 

In general, distemper treatment is sim- 
ple. The dog's entire digestive system 
must be kept active, he should be toned 
up by a generous, nourishing diet, and 
his quarters kept scrupulously clean, dry 
and comfortable. Conditioning medicines 
are often efficacious, and do not fail to 
cheer and encourage the dog by word and 
hand. Distemper is strongly" depressing 
to the dog it attacks, and more than a 
little good will result from helping him 
combat it mentally as well as physically. 
Needless to say," the treatment' should 
commence as soon as you even suspect 
the presence of the disease. 

As far as preventing distemper is con- 
cerned, there appears to be no sure course 
to pursue. It more often attacks young 
dogs than old ones, and is much "more 
apt to appear where a number of dogs 
are kept than where there are only one 
or two leading lives more or less isolated 
from their kind. It is evidently conta- 
gious, and many authorities assert it can 
be self-generated. Probably the best pre- 
ventive is to maintain the dog's health at 
top notch, and keep him away from other 
kennels that may be infected." 

It is generally believed that once a dog 
has had, and recovered from, an attack of 
distemper he is immune. Such, indeed, 
is usually the case, for the disease gen- 
erally makes only one attempt on the in- 
dividual's life. It is well, therefore, in 
purchasing a dog, to ascertain whether or 
not he has "had it." 

Distemper is highly uncertain in the 
severity with which it attacks different 
dogs, and in the success with which they 
are able to combat it. Many a strong, 
robust dog will succumb where the ap- 
parently more delicately constituted, ner- 
vous one will survive. Much of this vari- 



SEPTEMBER, 



HOUSE AND GARDFN 



ytion, doubtless, is caused by the severity 
of the attack, but it can hardly be denied 
that the temperament of the individual 
dog has a good deal to do with the out- 
come of the case. 

The after-effects of distemper may be 
almost as bad as the disease itself. There 
is no space here to go into them in detail, 
but mention may be made of chorea, as 
that often follows severe attacks. This is 
a nervous disease which causes the dog 
to twitch and jerk spasmodically. There 
seems to be no sure cure for it, though 
sometimes it is outgrown. 

R. S. LEMMON. 



The September Shows 

September 13 to 1 6. Spokane Kennel 
Club (License), at Spokane, Wash. 
Geo. P. Larsen, Secretary. Entries 
close . 

September 14. Lenox Dog Show Asso- 
ciation, at Lenox, Mass. F. S. Dela- 
field, Secretary. Entries close - . 

September 14 to 17. Kentucky State Fair 
Dog Show, at Louisville, Ky. H. M. 
Wood, Superintendent. Entries close 

September 15 and 16. New Bedford Dis- 
trict Kennel Club (License), at Dart- 
mouth, Mass. J. E. Horsfield, Secre- 
tary. Entries close . 

September 15 to 17. New York State 
Fair Kennel Association, at Syracuse, 
N. Y. George F. Foley, Lansdowne, 
Pa., Superintendent. Entries close 
September i. 

September 16 and 17. Hampden County 
Fair Association (License), at Holyoke, 
Mass. David H. Young, Secretary. 
Entries close - . 

September 18. Western French Bulldog 
Club Specialty Show, Bismarck Garden, 
Chicago. A. W. Cates, Superintendent, 
60 W. Washington Street, Chicago. 
Entries close September 6. 

September 18. Western Boston Terrier 
Club Specialty Show, Bismarck Garden, 
Chicago. A. W. Cates, Superintendent, 
60 W. Washington Street, Chicago. 
Entries close September 6. 

September 18. Bulldog Breeders' Asso- 
ciation of America Specialty Show, Bis- 
marck Garden, Chicago. A. W. Cates, 
Superintendent, 60 W. Washington 
Street, Chicago. Entries close Septem- 
ber 6. 

September 18. Chicago Collie Club Spe- 
cialty Show, Bismarck Garden, Chicago. 
A. W. Cates, Superintendent, 60 W. 
Washington Street, Chicago. Entries 
close September 6. 

September 18. Associated Specialty 
Club, Bismarck Garden, Chicago. A. 
W. Cates, Superintendent, 60 W. Wash- 
ington Street, Chicago. Entries close 
September 6. 

September 22 and 23. Asbury Park Ken- 
nel Club, at the Beach Casino, Asbury 
Park, Lansdowne, Pa. Entries close 
September 8. 



:ENNEL DEPARTMENT 

11,1 yiMi lii-sirc information rtearaytg the ant Jog tiutSIt to your (urpettl ll'c are in 
mtstant touch with the Ifadinu breeders and arc in a position to find just the dog for you. 

Address Manager Kennel Kept.. HorsK AND CAKDEN, 440 Fourth.! , ,irk. 



"THE" 

Midkiff Kennels 

W. T. PAYNE, Owner 

For the post twen*y-eight years we have been the 
largest breeder and exhibitor of Cocker Spaniels. 

During that time we have won more prizes than 
any other exhibitor in the United States or Canada. 

Our entire breeding stock including both stud dogs 
and matrons are the very best obtainable. 

Our dogs are all farm raised insuring strong con- 
stitutions and rugged health, and the development 
of their intelligence and house manners receives the 
same careful attention as the maintenance of their 
health. 

We always have a large number on hand, both 
sexes, all ages and in all the various standard colors 
for sale 

Also several broken and unbroken. Pointer!. 
Setters and Irish Water Spaniels. 

For full particulars, description and pric/s, address 
THE MIDKIFF KENNELS. Dallas. Penna. 




America's 

Pioneer 

Dot Remedies 



BOOK ON 

DOG DISEASES 
And How to Feed 

Mailed free to any address 
by the Author 

H. CLAY GLOVER, V. S. 

118 West 31st Street. New York 



Thoroughbred Collie Pups 

From finest show and champion-bred stock. 
Both puppies and mature stock for sale. 
Se nd for list if interested in good blood . 
Klsh Ke hosli Kennels* Albla, Iowa 



Hermit, 70, Lies Week in 

Woods With Broken Leg 

Dog His Guard 



Collie Save* Old Man from Drowning and 
Drags him Two Miles toward Hut Rescuers 
Have to Fight Off Animal with Clubs. 

BLAIRS TOWN, N. J., Aug. H. Lying in the open six 
days, with a broken leg, with only a few blackberries to 
eat and rainwater to drink. Lemuel Hill, seventy years 
old, who lives alone in a hut back of Walnut Valley, near 
the Blue Mountains, was fount] yesterday. 

Hill went out black berry ing last Monday morning, 
and in attempting to jump over a creek slipped and fell, 
breaking his right leg. He lay there all day. In the 
evening a heavy storm broke, and the stream beside 
which the old man had fallen became swollen. Don, a 
large collie, dragged him to high ground. 

Since then the man, with the aid of the dog. had dragged 
himself almost two miles from the spot where the accident 
occurred. 

Yesterday two scouting parties s*-t out, and early today 
lu- was found in a pitiful condition When he regained 
consciousness* he declared he had given up all hope. His 
rescuers had to ue clubs to drive away the dog. no con 
-t K'ntiously did he guard hi** master. 

Newspaper Item. 

Wouldn't you like to have a dog like this? 

HOUSE AND GARDBN knows win-re dogs like these can be 
purchased. 

Just advise about how much you want to pay. the breed, 
if any, you prefer, and we will put you in touch with the 
proper kennels. 

Write today, for if you wait 'till tomorrow the exact dog 
you wish may be sold. 

Manager Kennel Department 

HOUSE & GARDEN 

440 Fourth Avenue New York City 

In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



A SAFE COMPANION FOR YOUR 
CHILDREN OR FOR YOURSELF 

A Necessity for your Country Home 

A GOOD DOG 

Send for our illustrated booklet showing the 
German Shepherd Dog (Police Dog) and bis 
performances. This is free upon request. 

POLICE DOGS 
PALISADE KENNELS 

East Kllllngly, Conn. 



Airedale Terriers 

From the greatest living sire* 

Ch. Soudan Swiveller, Ch. King Oorang and Gold 
Heels. Farm-raised, very keen, alert and full of 
vigor, with true terrier characteristics. Price* reason- 
able. Shipped on approval to responsible parties. 
THOMAS K. BRAY. 212 Clark Street. WnltlcU. New Jener 

Phone 414 M Wdlfleld 




AIREDALES 

Champion Stock 

The real chum for 
your child and family, 
as well as the best pro- 
tection for your home. 

CARL PFLUCEK 

1222 Avf. C.. Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Phone. Flalliuih 7f74-t 




Airedale Terriers 

of the 
Best Possible Breeding 

MINNEWASKA KENNELS 

(Registered) 

GLENWOOD, MINN. 



A rare opportunity to secure a 

Beautiful Royal Siamese Cat 

The most fascinating and 

affectionate of pets 
Three litters of finest pedigree at 
moderate prices if taken young. 
Illustrated booklet upon request. 

Black Short Haired Cattery 

HASBROUCE HBIGHTS. N. J. Tel. IIO-M 




AMERICAN KENNELS 

Largest and most up-to-date establishment 
of its kind. Importenand breedersof Etur- 
lishBulls. Puppies. (15.00 to (25.00; grown 
Stock for Companions, Stud Dogs and 
brood Bitches. (35.00 up; Great Dane* 
Newfoundlands. St. Bernards. Puppies 
(15. OC up; grown Dojs. (35.00 up. Scotch 
Collie.. Airedale*. Irish.Foz Terriers. ( 1 00 
up. Toy Docs. (20.00 up. Pomeranians, 
all colon ; Toy Silk Poodles, from 
3-pound parents. (12.00 up. Toy Fox 
Terriers. (5.00 up. Every variety. State 
want* we ship anywhere. 

AMERICAN KENNELS, Trevote, Pa. 





AIREDALE TERRIERS 

If you want a real pal, guard, or 
companion for your children get an 
Airedale. I usually have husky, 
country raised puppies and grown 
terriers for sale at {20.00 and up- 
wards. 



Neshonshon Farm Kennels. Bridgeport. Conn., R.F.D. 52 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 




T 

1 



HE. 

WARM AIR GENERATOR 

You know this Trade- Mark through National Periodical Advertising 



The manufacturer who 
brands his goods and adver- 
tises them nationally is so 
sure of their quality that he 
is willing to stand the full 
force of possible complaints. 

He is making something 
for which he is proud to be 
responsible. His trade-mark 
secures for him the in- 
creased sales that result 
from satisfaction and 
identification. At the 
same time it secures to the 
public the certainty of qual- 
ity which the known manu- 
facturer must maintain if 
he is to continue to be suc- 
cessful. 



When you buy, therefore, 
buy goods that are trade- 
marked and advertised. The 
manufacturers of such goods 
stand behind them. Your 
satisfaction is vital to the 
continued success of the 
trade-marked, advertised 
article. 

Trade-marks and na- 
tional advertising are the 
two greatest public servants 
in business today. Their 
whole tendency is to raise 
qualities and standardize 
them, while reducing prices 
and stabilizing them. 



MEMBER OF THE QUOIN CLUB 

THE NATIONAL PERIODICAL ASSOCIATION 




... vive new Cnarmio yoap 
Garden and Home . ,/end for 
iCaialogaeot Ariislic Flower 
Pol./- fj Jar./vXasey, Bird-K>o{^ 
"'andJal^, Benches, (j oftier 
Deaalifal Pieces .... 



(TERRA COTTA CO. 

3218 WALNUT ST. 
PHILADELPHIA 

NEW YORK SHOW ROOM 
RAFTSMAN BLDG --30.E. V SiSAve. 



THE SUNDIAL 

Time-Piece of the Ancients 

on its pedestal of Pompeian Stone , 
will give a central point of beauty i 
and romance to your garden. ^ Jj 

Our interesting catalogue 
illustrating many desi gnsof 
sundials, pedestals, vases, 
statuary, benches and foun- 
tains mailed free. Your 
request will have prompt 
attention. 

The ERKINS STUDIOS 

The Largest Manufacturers of 

Ornamental Stone ~ 

226 Lexington Avenue 

New York 
Factory, Astoria, L. I. 




Poultry Work for September 

IT is not pleasant to begin thinking 
about winter again, but the wise 
poultry keeper is forehanded, as the far- 
mers say, and in September makes prepa- 
rations for the months just ahead. He 
gives his poultry houses a thorough clean- 
ing, for one thing, spraying the walls with 
kerosene to which a little carbolic acid has 
been added, and paints the perches and 
nesting boxes with carbolineum or some 
similar preparation which will banish the 
red mites for three or four months at 
least. This is by all means the easiest way 
to win freedom from insect pests and no 
flock will thrive if infested with vermin. 

If there are glass windows they should 
be washed, and if muslin curtains are used 
they should be thoroughly cleaned. In 
point of fact, it is better to renew the 
curtains, for they quickly get clogged with 
dust and then admit little more air than 
a board. When the house has a dirt floor 
a new layer of sand will be required, and 
it is well to haul it now, before the fall 
rains set in. Then the sand will be per- 
fectly dry when it goes onto the floor. 
If all this renovation work is put through 
in September the houses will be ready for 
the pullets by the first of October, which 
is the proper date for installing them in 
their permanent winter quarters. 

Some of the early-hatched pullets may 
begin laying this month, but performances 
of that character are not to be encouraged, 
as these extra-early eggs are usually very 
small. By the end of next month, how- 
ever, laying on the part of the pullets 
should be well under way. 

While the pullets which are to be used 
for laying may be yarded from now on, 
if deemed desirable, it is well to give as 
wide range as possible to such birds as 
may have been kept over for breeding 
purposes. It is better if they do not begin 
laying until the first of the year, but they 
should have every chance to build up 
rugged bodies and strong physiques. 

Sometimes people who move into the 
suburbs or the country at this season are 
able to pick up well matured pullets at 
$1.50 or less apiece, at which price they 
can well afford to buy them, making sure, 
however, that the birds are in a healthy- 
condition and not suffering from roup. 
Pullets bought in this way should be thor- 
oughly dusted with insect powder before 
they are placed in the houses, though 
many poultry keepers are not as particu- 
lar in the matter of suppressing the lice 
nuisance as they ought to be. 

A uniform flock of well-bred birds is 
much more satisfactory to the eye than 
a mixed flock, yet the amateur should 
not hesitate to buy a mixed lot of pullets 
for the winter's laying if nothing better 
is offered. Crosses sometimes lay remark- 
ably well, but they should not be used to 



In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



breed from under any circumstances. 
Some people think it pays to keep small 
flocks of two distinct breeds, crosses from 
them being used for egg production. Cor- 
nish fowls, for example, crossed with 
Plymouth Rocks make good layers as well 
as excellent table birds, but it is a great 
mistake to breed from such nondescript 
fowls. 

People who live where but very little 
space is available may adopt the plan of 
using no-yard houses. Such houses have 
very large window spaces covered only in 
very bad weather and the occupants are 
not allowed out from the time they are 
purchased in the fall until they are sold 
alive the next summer. Hens confined as 
closely as this are not in condition to 
breed from, but they lay well through 
the winter and are easy to care for. No 
male bird should be kept with them, partly 
for the sake of the neighbors and partly 
because he is quite unnecessary. This no- 
yard plan has been followed even on 
plants where there are several thousand 
birds, but it is important to have a deep 
litter for the fowls to scratch in and to 
keep them busy hunting for their grain. 

Sometimes the chickens are very slow 
learning to roost and persist in crowding 
into the corners. This is likely to be es- 
pecially true of the late-hatched chickens. 
When a considerable number of chickens 
crowd in this manner those which com- 
pose the inside layers are pretty certain 
to get very much heated, and it is not at 
all unusual for colds to appear, often run- 
ning through a whole Hock in a few days, 
and not infrequently developing into roup, 
which may result in a heavy loss. It may 
be necessary to put the chickens on the 
roost by hand several nights in succession, 
but the introduction of one or two hens 
or older pullets may be sufficient, as the 
youngsters will learn from them. If 
signs of colds are seen, enough perman- 
ganate of potash from the drug store 
should be added to the drinking water 
each day to give it a light pink tint. Birds 
with bad colds are best removed to sepa- 
rate quarters. 

Considerable coaxing may be needed to 
keep up the egg supply from the old hens, 
which must be depended upon until the 
pullets begin to lay. Many times it helps 
to cut down the scratch feed somewhat. 



"Homestead" Silver Campines 

The Vigorous Strain 

Win at Boston 1915, thirteen regular prizes, including 
four firsts, specials for best display, best cock, hen, 
cockerel and best pen. Three firsts and many regular 
prizes at Springfield, 1914, also at other shows our 
winnings were equally good. In addition to their blue 
ribbon reputation our VIGOROUS STRAIN has an 
established reputation for stamina, vigor, early maturity 
and heavy laying that makes them most desirable. We can 
furnish stock that should win at any show in the country. 

Our aim is full value, quality and satisfaction. 
HOMESTEAD CAMPINE FARM, Box HG, Wayland, Mass. 





Brooder 

Hodgson 
Portable 
Houses 



No. 3 Poultry Home 2 unit* Setting Coop 

BROODER can be operated oul-of-doors in lero weather with little attention or expenM. 50 to 100 chlcki. 
No. 1 POULTRY HOUSE Pitted complete (or 80 hens O feet 1110.00. First pen, 100.00 ; additional 

pens, ISO.OO each. Red Cedar, vermin-proof. 
SETTING COOP to >et a hen In and brood her chicks. 13.00. 

All neatly painted and quickly bolted together. Send for illustrated catalogue. 

EF nnitrCniU m fRooraSJ,ll WASHINGTON T.BOBT01,lASg.\ Addr.M all eorn- 
. I. I1UUU.1U11 l^W. ICRAFTSMAM BLDO.. 6 EAST 39th ST., NEW YORKf ipondinct to BoitoB 



Potter Sanitary Poultry Fixtures 



You can buy Sanitary Roost- 
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you can build. Used over 
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= equipment at lowest prices-l. Get rid of your makeshift. 

= unsanitaty fixtures. Send 4 cents in stamps for postage 

= on 100-page catalog. 

| POTTER & CO., 37 Forest Ave., Downers Grove, III. 





G. D. T1LLEY 

Naturalist 

"Everything in the Bird Line 
from a Canary to an Ostrich" 



Birds for the House and Porch 
Bird* for the Ornamental Waterway 
Birds for the Garden, Pool and Aviary 
Birds for the Game Preserve and Park 

I am the oldest established and largest eiclusire 
dealer in land and water birdi in America and hive 
on hand the moil eilentive slock in the United Slatei 

G. D. TILLEY, Box H, Darien, Connecticut 



What Do Yon Want to Know 
About Poultry? 

Do you desire reliable information regarding 
the best breed of fowl to suit your purpose ? 

Are you in doubt about the kind of poultry 
house to buy or build? 

Are you getting the most from your chickens 
can their laying qualities be improved? 

Do you want to know where clean, healthy 
stock can be obtained? 

// vie can he!p you by answering 
these or any other poultry questions, 
we offer you our services. Write to the 

Manager of Poultry Dept. 
HOUSE & GARDEN 

440 Fourth Avenue 
NEW YORK 



In writing to adi'trtise'i f least mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



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Be the first in your circle 
of friends to get this 
fascinating Sleepy Cat 
Door-stop. Not since 
Colonial Days have door- 
stops been so popular. 

Never was there a more 

droll, engaging little figure 

to hold your door open or 

closed. Incidentally it 

makes a splendid wedding or birthday gift or 

bridge prize. This design is made exclusively in 

ARMOR W BRONZE 



A seamless armor of pure bronze 
cast over an everlasting core 

It is finished in either black or white and 
is only one of a great many designs in 
Door-stops, Book-ends, Table and Floor 
Lamps and Lighting Fixtures shown in 

Our Magnificent Catalogue 
sent free upon request. 

You will find the Sleepy Cat on sale at all better 
book stores, jewelry and department stores and 
china shops. Or we will gladly send it, charges 
prepaid upon receipt of $5. 

National Metalizing Co. 

333 Fourth Ave., near 25th St., New York City 





STOP FREEZING IN YOUR GARAGE 

A Stewart Garage Heater will prevent "freezing your car," save repair bills and make your garage 
a comfortable place to work in. It will give you warm water all the year round for washing your car- 

It you are handy at all, you can install it yourself. There is a Stewart for every type and size of 
private garage $21 up. A request will bring our Garage Heater Catalog. Before cold weather sets in 



Put in the Garage Heater 




Does Your Kitchen 
Need a New Range ? 

If it does, consider this two-fuel Stewart with 
ash-chute to basement. Double oven, double 
capacity. Many others to choose from in our 
catalog. If interested add a line to your request 
for our Garage Heater Catalog. 

Special information for Architects. 

Made by FULLLER & WARREN CO. 

Dept. B, Troy, N.Y., Since 1832 
New York Office, 256 Water Street 




^_ Ash-chute to Cella 



FARR'S SUPERB PEONIES 

FOR EARLY FALL PLANTING 

The modern Peony is the aristocrat of the hardy garden. Its ancestors were 
highly prized in the gardens of the Emperors of China more than a thousand 
years ago. Hut they only became known to the western world when they were 
introduced into the gardens of Louis Phillipe, of France, in the nineteenth cen- 
tury. Later, these specimens came into the hands of M. Caillot, of Nancy, 
thence to M. Crousse. Years ago I began to import these Peonies; soon I be- 
came so infatuated that I could not be satisfied until I had them all in my 
possession, and to-day there arc described in my book 

Farr's Hardy Plant Specialties 

over five hundred varieties, every one of clear pedigree. For many years T 
have devoted my entire time during the blooming season to studying Peonies. 
I have spared neither time nor expense to make my list authentic and accurate, 
and this list, large as it is, contains only the varieties of known origin, all 
duplicates having been omitted. 

This book also contains a list of nearly five hundred varieties of Iris (many 
of them of my own hybridizing) for which I was awarded a gold medal at the 
Panama- Pacific Exposition, a splendid collection of Oriental Poppies, hardy 
Phloxes, Roses, and shrubs that may be planted with perfect safety this fall. 
If you do not have a copy, send for it to-day I will gladly mail it without 

BERTRAND H. FARR 



Wyomisting Nurseries. 



106 Gaifield Ave., Wyomissingr, Pa. 



We are prepared to submit plans and estimates for laying out the hardy garden and shrub 
border. This department is in charge of Mr. Hans J. Koehler, one of the most skilful 
plantsmen in the country, and whose years of expereince with America's foremost land- 
scape designers, eminently qualifies him for this work. 




of 



Keep rain and snow out 
your concrete walls 

Concrete is full of small holes that's the cause 
of rain-soaked, stained and cracked walls. 

Look at the house on the left. It 
shows the blotchy, hair-crack 
effect of weather on uncoated 
concrete. Not only unsightly, 
but means damp walls. 

Bay State 

Brick and Cement 

Coating 

prevents all this. It seals the pores of 
the concrete or stucco, making the walls 
absolutely weatherproof. 
As shown on the house to the right, "Bay 
State" waterproofs and beautifies without 
losing the distinctive texture of cement. 

You can get "Bay State" in white and a 

variety of beautiful tints. As an interior 

finish, too, it is without an equal. 

If your hnuse is concrete, stucco or brick, 

or if you're going to build, tend for the 

Bay State Booklet No. 8 and tint card. 

Wadsworth, Howland & Co., Inc. 

Paint and Varnish Makers 

Boston, Mass. 
New York Office: Architects' Building 



, 

IP" 






In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



SEPTEMBER. 191f> 
VOL. XXVIII. No. 3 





CONTENTS 

COVER 

Photograph by Howard llammitt 

CONTENTS DESIGN 

Photograph by Nathan R. Graves 

FRONTISPIECE "THE HOUSE WITH THE BLUE BLINDS". . 10 
Electus D. Litchfield, architect 

A GOOD COUNTRY CLUB FOR THE SMALL TOWN 11 

William B. Powell 

"OLD FAITHFUL" 15 

Williams Haynes 

THE NATURALISTIC ARRANGEMENT OF A CITY PROPERTY. 18 
Elsa Rehmann 

YOUR SATURDAY AFTERNOON GARDEN 21 

D. R. Edson 

HEATING AND VENTILATING THE HOUSE 22 

Charles Jablow, M. E. 

EFFICIENCY IN THE FLOWER GARDEN 25 

F. F. Rockwell 

A COLONIAL HOUSE RESTORED IN FABRIC AND SPIRIT. ... 26 
Antoinette Perrett 

PEONIES AS A BACKGROUND FOR ANNUALS 28 

Eloise Roorbach 

A PINK GARDEN OF INDIVIDUALITY 30 

E. E. Trumbull 

BUILDING FOR HOSPITALITY ... 32 

Dalton Wylie 

THE BALANCE SHEET OF AN ORCHARD 35 

John Anthony 

THE SUMMER HOME OF MR. PITTS DUFFIELD AT SMITH- 
TOWN BAY, LONG ISLAND 38 

Mann & MacNeille, architects 

INSIDE THE HOUSE 40 

GARDEN SUGGESTIONS AND QUERICS 42 

EDITORIAL . . 44 




PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY CONDE NAST <R. 

445 FOURTH AVKNUK. NKW YORK 



COMPANY Inc. 



GKORGK VON UTASSY 

i_j Business Manager 



coNDfc* NAST, President 

RICHARDSON WRir.HT. Editor 



SUBSCRIPTION: 13.00 a year in the U. S.. Colonies and Mexico. 
Entered as Second Class Matter at the Post Office at New York City. 



E. WALI.ACK BRA1NARD 

Advertising Manager 

(3.50 Canada. S4.OO in foreign Countries. Single Copies. 25 cents 

Copyright 1916 by Condi Nail if Company. Int. 




"THE HOUSE WITH THE BLUE BLINDS" 



Thui Electus D. Litdifield, architect, names his recently completed house which crowns a valley head, facing the Sound at New Canaan, Conn. Painted white and with 
soft old green blue blinds, it ii typically New England in character, full of old-fashioned furniture and old-time details of construction and finish 






VOL. XXVIII No. 3 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



A Good Country Club for the Small Town 



ONE of the most interesting 
phases of modern Ameri- 
can life is the country club. It 
has formed the substance for 
many articles and I shall not 
dwell on its familiar features 
here, but I do want to call atten- 
tion to a type of house which is 
ideal for small communities to 
follow when planning a country 
club which must be built on 
modest lines. 

Many an American town of 
five thousand inhabitants boasts 
of its country club and many 
more would do so if they were 
not afraid of the expense in- 
volved. To be sure, it costs 
money to keep up good golf 
links, but if one is not particular 
plenty of fun and exercise 
which is the main thing, after 



THE RIVER VALLEY CLUB NEAR LOUISVILLE, KY. 
-A TYPE THAT SATISFIED ALL THE REQUIRE- 
MENTS OF A SMALL COMMUNITY DECORATION 
BY COOPERATION A PAYING 310,000 INVESTMENT 

WILLIAM B . P o w E L L 




all may be found on only fair 
links. On the other hand, there 
are plenty of other outdoor 
sports for a country club which 
do not require much money for 
their upkeep tennis, archery, 
boating, and, in winter, skating 
and tobogganing. 

As the center of the com- 
munity's social life, the modern 
country club must have facilities 
for dances, dinner parties, etc. 
So the club house itself is often 
an obstacle in the way of a new 
country club. Many persons 
have an idea that a country club 
must necessarily be a huge build- 
ing like the Chevy Chase Club 
of Washington, the Piping Rock 
Club on Long Island or one of 
the many elaborate clubs which 
are found around every large 




With the exception of the kitchen, pantriei, etc., the first floor is one big room. In this white paint and chintz are the main decorative factors. 

for dancing and covered with a light woven rug of neutral tones 



The floor a finished 



II 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 




The river side of the lounge is mostly windows that command the view. Hangings at these windows and at the doors have been made moisture proof with shellac. 
The wicker chairs are painted black and upholstered in black fabric, on which are sewed designs from the chintz 



i 

B F 

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A like simplicity in decoration prevails upstairs. Here can be noticed the lighting fixtures which were made by one of the members from oval-shaped tin plates. 

Painted while and stenciled with a design taken from the chintz, they are both novel and attractive 



SKI ''I KM 111' K, I'M =i 



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city. Too many club-- have groaned for years tinder the taxes 
due to tlie over-amliitious aims of its architects. 

Just because a club house must be built economically does 
not mean that it imM be unattractive. I have seen so many 
of these small country clubs which could be made much 
more attractive if only a little taste not money had been 
employed. The Knglish have learned the secret of attractive 
club houses. You can see them all along their beloved Thames, 
and the building which I am describing as ideal for America 
resembles a Thames club house in many ways. 

It is called the River Valley Club and is on the Ohio River 
about seven miles out of Louisville, Ky. only two miles from 
the Louisville Country Club, which is not on the river. A great 
many members of this little club are also members of the big 
club. They wanted, first of all, a club where they could indulge 
in water sports but they also wanted a place that would be 
more cozy and informal. 

Looking at the building from the road you would hardly 
recognize it as a club. It is, of course, quite small and the 
style is not one that one usually associates with clubs. The 
view of the exterior shown here was taken shortly after it 
was completed, -o it looks a trifle bare. You can readily imagine 
what an attractive picture it will present in summer with bright 
flower boxes and awnings against the white clapboard and green 
shutters. 

The first floor is entirely one big room, with the exception 
of the kitchen, pantr\, etc. The room is shaped like a right 
angle, one side being almost all windows overlooking the river. 

The secret of the club's interior attractiveness is the fact 
that its decorative scheme has been carried out with the utmost 
simplicity. There is no jarring note in the way of an ornate 
clock, heavy picture or any one of the many things which a 
poor decorator might have allowed to be introduced. 

White paint and chintz are the main factors of decoration. 
The walls, rafters, ceiling and woodwork of the main room are 
painted white, or, I might better say, ivory. The floor is finished 
for dancing and on it are light, woven rugs in a neutral shade 
so as not to detract from the brilliant coloring of the chintz 
hangings and upholstering. 

The chintz has a black background on which is a profusion 
of bright flowers and gorgeous birds. Except for the two large 
couches before the fireplace, the furniture is wicker or else plain 
painted wood of graceful lines. 

The wicker chairs are strikingly upholstered in broad black 
and white stripes. There are many round pillows made in the 
bright colors which predominate in the chintz. Flower pots and 
the lighting fixtures take care of the necessary coloring. 

For Saturday night dinners and for parties where many are 




From the club windows a long stretch of the Ohio can be seen a view which makes 

the location priceless 




The grill and card room 
has been fitted up down- 
stairs, from the windows 
of which can be seen 
the view shown above 







Looking at the building from the road you would scarcely recognize it <u a club. It is small, and the architecture a not the usual club style, but a sufficiently 

commodious and complete to answer the needs of a small community 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 




The main factor in construction expense was shoring up the foundations, as the lot was on the edge of a steep hillside. It gave, however, a diversity of levels to the 

rooms and added interest to the interior 



to be cared for, people are seated at two long tables in L shape, 
which fit in with the informal atmosphere of the whole club. 
The large rugs and simple furniture can be very easily eliminated 
when the room is to be made ready for dancing. 

Below this room and built on the river bank are the locker 
rooms and grill room. The latter is a very small but exceedingly 
attractive and cheery place. Its very smallness assures its suc- 
cess as a place where informality and good fellowship reign 
supreme. 

From the doors and windows of the grill room you get a fine 
view of the river. Flower pots and curtain borders of red, in 
designs suggestive of boating, add color to the room not for- 
getting the bright tiling of the same shade. 

The second floor includes a card room, ladies' dressing-room 
and servant quarters. The card room has much the same style 
of decoration as the large room on the ground floor. Different 
chintz has been used this time the background itself is bright. 

To keep the window and door hangings proof against moisture 
from the river, the chintz is coated with a thin varnish or shellac. 
Of course, it had to be folded in stiff plaits, but this treatment 
does not detract from its effectiveness. 

The wicker chairs are painted a bright color and upholstered 
in black. The cushions are black, on which are sewed patterns 



cut out from the chintz. This idea has also been carried out 
with the card tables and desks in this room. The plainest un- 
finished furniture was painted black and on it designs cut out 
from the chintz have been pasted. On the table and desk tops 
pieces of glass are laid. 

The French windows open out onto a broad unroofed porch 
on the river side. In summer it will have an awning and plenty 
of wicker furniture. 

The lighting fixtures used throughout the club house are quite 
novel. They were designed and executed by one of the women 
members. They are nothing but oval-shaped tin plates ! The 
bulging side comes out from the wall. The clever woman painted 
them white, then took some design from the chintz in each room 
and stenciled it on to this white background and painted a line 
around it as a border. Holes were punched in the tin through 
which the brackets project. 

Because ,of 'its- small size and equally small membership the 
club saves money by not needing many servants. A capable 
colored man and his wife, taken from one of the big clubs in 
town, are the only servants, extra waiters being hired on special 
occasions. 

The amazing fact is that the cost of building and furnishing 
this club was only $10,000! 



"Old Faithful" 

THE COLLIE OF TO-DAY AND WHAT HE WAS YESTERDAY POINTS 
THAT YOU SHOULD KNOW HOW TO BUY A GOOD "SHEP" 

\Y I I, I. 1 A MS 11 A V X K S 

Photographs by the author and Jessie Tarbox Heals, Inc 

A LOT of poppycock has been talked 
and written in the last few years 
about the deterioration of the Collie. 
'Round the dinner table one hears 
laments over the passing of the "dear 
old Shep" of the farms of our youth, and 
at the bench shows certain wise ones 
hold forth on the "pernicious influences 
of alien crosses" that have changed the 
Collie into a monstrosity and a misan- 
thropist. The modern Collie is indeed 
a very different looking dog from the 
chunky, scraggly-coated, thick-skulled 
dog who brought the cows home thirty 
years ago, nor can it be denied that Collie 
breeders have employed cross-breeding, 
not only with Russian wolfhounds, but 
also with Gordon setters. But the trans- 
formation of old Shep into the aristo- 
cratic show dog of to-day has not been 

accomplished by turning a sound, intelligent, faithful dog into a 
short-tempered, half-witted freak. 

This well-gnawed bone of contention about the ruination of the 
Collie's disposition and intelligence is hardly worth digging up. 
Nobody doubts that the longer head is more attractive, and the 
fact that the skull, though it looks narrower because it is longer, 
is not actually so, disposes of that pretty theoretical bugaboo 
that the modern dog is lacking in brain space. 

Those who know the show Collie well know him to be an 
uncommonly clever clog, and, although the five-thousand-dollar 




Miss McCurdy with Pinewood Pilot and Ormskirlc Sensation, two blues thai show the increased size of the modern 
dog. Note the well-boned legs and short, straight, strong backs 




The good Collie should have a blue grey coat, mottled with black spots and with tan freckles on the face. 
Some fanciers, however, prefer a rich, golden sable, with a broad while collar and a narrow white blaze 

up his face 



show beauties are not ordinarily called upon to play drover, still 
prominent bench winners have proved to be good working dogs. 
Ormskirk Charlie is a famous example. He won in hot classes 
at the bench shows and was a champion in the Sheepdog trials. 
The less favored brothers and sisters of great show dogs have 
time and again shown that the highest bred Collie strains have 
not been bred away from farm usefulness. It is mainly a matter 
of training; not of any fanciful result of breeding. The most 
intelligent of dogs, if he lives his life between the show benches 
and his individual pen in some great kennels, will never develop 
a modicum of his mental capabilities. Over 
a hundred years ago the picturesque shep- 
herd-poet, James Hogg of Ettrick, speaking 
of his Collies, pointed out that those kept 
solely as sheep herders, while they attained 
great skill and exercised the nicest judgment 
in the performance of their professional 
duties, were not so companionable nor so 
nimble-witted as those who lived with a 
cotter's family and accordingly had a more 
varied experience. 

As to the Collie being treacherous, this is 
plain libel. If one is bound to pick flaws in 
the sun, he might say, if he would use this 
adjective, that a Collie is too "bark-ative." 
He does bark more than most dogs, but the 
supporters of the smooth-coated variety, 
which is becoming more popular, claim their 
favorite has in this very matter a great ad- 
vantage over his better-known, rough-coated 
cousin. But as for treachery, there is none 
of it in the Collie's make-up. 

In one thing the improvement in the 
modern Collie might well be questioned. 
This is the increased size. On a ramble 
through the Border Country several years 



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ago I met, at a cottage gate in Ryton, an old shepherd, who had 
forsaken the hills and the sheepfold to spend his last years with 
his son and daughter-in-law. We fell to talking, nor was it long 
before we got to the congenial subject of Sheepdogs. He com- 
plained bitterly in broad Scotch that the "Coallies" nowadays 
were big 'way out of reason. His practical complaint has been 
justified by the test of the Sheepdog trials. Here the larger dogs, 
excellent on the level ground, have not displayed the stamina of 
the smaller ones, nor have they 
been their equal over rough or 
hilly country. Even granting 
that the vast majority of Collies 
are no longer working dogs and 
allowing that the larger dog is 
more impressive, still it does not 
seem very sensible to sacrifice 
any working dog for a fancy 
point. 

This same old Ryton shep- 
herd, as he leaned over his rose- 
banked gate, gave me out of his 
lifelong work with Collies a 
capital bit of advice on selecting 
a Collie puppy. "A'ways pick 
oot," he said, "a poop wha's a 
wee bit shy." The youngster 

that is a little shy, provided reasonable care is exercised not to 
cow him, makes the more satisfactory grown clog. The bolder, 
more forward puppies are very attractive babies, but they are 
more apt to run wild at the hobbledehoy stage of puppyhood, and 
they are not so easy to train up in the way you would have 
your Collie go. 

Were 1. picking out a Collie pup. for myself, I should go to 
some well-known breeder. Here, I should have confidence in his 
representation as to pedigree, and, though I might pay a few 
dollars more, I would be sure the puppy was sound and healthy. 
I would select a bright, active youngster, for "a poop wha's a 
wee bit shy" does not mean a stupid wreckling. He would have 
a long head, with smallish eyes and ears ; nice, straight, well- 





J 



Soulhport Sweet and Olslerd Phoebe, which show the much-prized long head, with eyes and ei 
ears should be carried lying back, hidden in the ruff of hair that surrounds the head 



Be sure that your pup is sound and healthy. 
Select a bright active youngster, for "a 
poop wha's a wee bit shy," as the old Scot 
advised, does not mean a stupid wreckling 



boned legs ; a short, straight, strong back, with depth of chest 
and a nice spring of rib. Most assuredly would I pass by any 
that showed the least inclination to wave his tail wildly over his 
back, for a "gay tail," a thing of joy in a terrier, is the abomina- 
tion of desolation in a Spaniel or a Collie. As to color, well, 
personally, I should like to find a nice, blue merle, that old Collie 
color that is just beginning to be properly appreciated, a blue- 
grey, mottled with black spots and with tan flecks on the face. 
( )f course, you may prefer a rich, golden sable, with a broad 
white collar and a narrow white blaze up his face ; or you may 
like a tri-color, a sheeny black with white marks and tan points. 
"A good horse cannot be a bad color," so each can humor his 
fancy in this matter. 

Such a puppy 1 could reasonably expect 
to become, when grown, a Collie close 
enough to the ideal type, so that I should 
never have to make excuses for him should 
a friend who knows the points of a good 
Collie meet us out walking. The thorough- 
bred Collie is indeed a dog of which to be 
proud. As the little girl, who was the happy 
possessor not only of a handsome Collie, but 
also of a beautiful new spring bonnet, con- 
fessed to her mother, "It's most annoying 
to take 'Bruce' out walking. Everybody says 
'What a lovely dog!' and nobody even notices 
my hat." 

One might just as well describe a trolley 
car or a cup of coffee as to draw a word 
picture of so familiar a dog as the Collie, 
but some of his finer points are not always 
understood. Even breeders and fanciers 
have waxed wroth discussing what the cor- 
rect Collie ear should be. Without being 
dogmatic, the ideal can be described as small, 
but not too small, ordinarily carried lying 
back, hidden in the ruff of long hair that 
surrounds the head : but when at attention, 
lifted erect, with this is important the tips 



The 



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Pan by the Collie that shows the least inclination 
to wave his tail wildly over his back 

dropping forward. A Collie, as 
many people do not know, should 
wear a double coat a long, straight, 
rather coarsish overcoat and under- 
neath a soft, wooly waistcoat. The 
tail, as I have intimated, should 
sweep downwards, with just the 
suggestion of a bend at the extremity, 
but never, even in the greatest ex- 
citement, wave erect. 

The Shepherd dogs, as a family, 
are probably the most ancient of 
canine races, and the Collie, the 
Shepherd dog of northern Britain, 
is not by any means the exception 
that proves this rule. Ever since 
Buffon first said so, zoologists have 
inclined to the theory that the Shep- 




See to his coal a long, straight, rather coarsish 
overcoat, and underneath, a soft wooly one 

that he has lived so long in the 
ancient kingdom of Scotland that 
whether he was originally a native 
or an immigrant has long since been 
forgotten. 

For centuries, then, the Collie has 
been the trusted and valuable assist- 
ant of Scottish shepherds and dro- 
vers. Unless one is familiar with 
their work, one can have but little 
idea of what this means. It is hard 
work, this, calling for endurance, cour- 
age and intelligence of no mean order. 
Scotland is a rough and rugged 

Carleret Queen of Hearts a type of the active, faithful, intelligent country, and Scottish sheep and Cat- 
Collie, that lacks none of the old-lime hardy, hard-working spirit f] e are snla ll, \yirv, active and far- 
grazing. Up on the hills and down 



herd dogs were the first domesticated dogs, and dog lovers have jn jhe g]ens it ; g j m]m i str enuous work to round up and keep 



pounced upon their broad statements and tried to prove that that 
particular Shepherd dog they fancied was literally man's first 
friend. Because a noted Greek scholar has said that Argus, the 



together these nimble charges. Moreover, in years gone by, there 
were robbers, both four-legged and two-legged, who must be 
warned awav from the flocks. Finally, the damp, penetrating 



faithful dog of Ulysses, was a Shepherd dog, a Collie enthusiast mists the bi ' t - north w j n <i s an ,i the blinding drives of snow 

t i i i . 1 _ ._ __il_ * ..1 * 1 _ il " 



has gone to considerable length to prove that he was the ancestor 
of the Collie. Here is this fine pedigree. Argus' descendants 
migrated to Rome : the Roman armies brought some of their 
descendants to Britain : the marauding Picts and Scots carried 
off some of these classically bred Sheepdogs to their Highland 
fastness, where they flourished and multiplied, establishing the 
family there. Like the man who had traced his own ancestry 
back to Adam, but was always forced to admit that along about 
the time of the Flood it was "just a little 
bit doubtful in one or two cases," this 
pedigree is more ingenuous than convinc- 
ing. However, it is as good as any pro- 
posed, and it has the attractive distinction 
of founding a new school of canine 
mythology, the .classical- 
romantic. AlKwe really 

know about the Collie is Thc ma$|er of , he O | d p ajln f ur breed International champion, Knocklayde King Hector 



add not a little to the difficulties and dangers of this work. 

The Collie who best performed these duties was a lithe, little 
dog, very active and very intelligent, whose double, waterproof 
coat was a real protection. This was the prevailing type a hun- 
dred years ago. Ears were semi-erect as to-day, and the dogs 
came in all the recognized colors, though the 
black and whites, the tri-color- ;md the merles 
( then called tortoise shell ) were more com- 
mon and more popular than the sables and 
whites. There have been curious changes 
of fashion in this matter of color. In the 
Highlands, black and white was highly es- 
teemed. About 




when the first dog 

shows were held, the 

tri-colors were in high 

(Cont. on page <>i i 




T , . .,,,. ., , ^^iMaypc^A^fcasftiftraaftiutlf 



:as, dignified Japanese iris anc 

i I 



18 



The Naturalistic Arrangement of a City Property 

TRANSPORTING THE FOREST WILDERNESS INTO THE HEART OF A CITY HOW PATHS SOLVED THE 
PROBLEM OF AN UNUSUAL SHAPED LOT AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF SHRUBS TO MAINTAIN 

PRIVACY AILING S. DE FOREST, LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT 



E L S A R E II M A N T N 



VISl'AI.I/K a lot with 130' frontage and 500' depth, 
facing the principal residential streets of a city, and you 
grasp the interesting problem that confronted the landscape archi- 
tect who would transport thither a forest wilderness. 

Flower borders flank either side of the walk to the front door 
and edge the entire width of the terrace in front of the house, 
making a bright, cheerful approach and enlivening the otherwise 
simple front lawn. 

Hack of the house is a wonderful south lawn, tree, shrub and 
flower-girdled. At its northern end stands the house in the deep 
shadow of a great spreading hickory tree : at the southern end 
a rustic lawn house is half hidden in the shrubbery. Between 
lies this long, delightful, sunny grass space, well-kept and well- 
ordered, as is fitting in the immediate vicinity of the house. 
1 it-hind it the narcissus lawn, which is much smaller in area, more 
closely confined and wilder in appearance. Narcissus are natu- 
ralized in the grass, and because the lawn cannot be mown until 
after the leaves have died down, it is a less well-kept space. 
Tucked away in one corner beside the narcissus lawn is the wild 
garden. 

South lawn, narcissus lawn and wild garden are separated one 



from another by shrubbery and tree enclosures, but are con- 
nected by curving paths. In order to develop a path of pk-asiiig, 
i-asy flowing curves, appropriate i:'. an informal design, consider- 
able space is needed. When such curves are attempted on small 
properties they all too often become meaningless and ugly wrig- 
gles. The path starts at the house and winds along the side of 
the south lawn. A branch path swings in a wide curve to the 
lawn house and the main path continues in a diagonal across the 
property to a gate at the southwest corner. This path affords 
an easy short cut from the house to a street on which the car 
line is located. It gives a pleasant opportunity for the use of the 
property in arranging it to accommodate this daily travel. A 
grass path with stepping-stones branches off the main walk, com- 
pletes the circuit around the narcissus lawn and makes an extra 
loop around the wild garden. 

On one side of the south lawn are the drive, service court and 
garage. They have been put there to be near the kitchen and 
out of the way and out of the view of living-room windows and 
the porches. This seems such a logical arrangement that it is 
difficult to understand the possibility of any other, and yet, in 
the scheme arranged by the architect of the house before the 




Quite the moil formal touch in this intimately informal garden a the shrubbery- 
bordered brick path leading around to the rear of the house 



Although practically isolated by trees and shrubbery, the south lawn, wild garden 
and narcissus lawn are effectually lied together by winding palln 




Between the rear of the house and the south lawn, the giant 
hickory tree stands as sentry, providing generous sna< 
on a warm afternoon 

landscape architect's services were solicited, 
the drive was to have swung around the back 
of the house and ended in a turn-around and 
garage at the west side of the property. This 
was certainly an entirely incorrect and 
thoughtless proposition. It would have 
brought very near the living side of the house 
all the disturbances incident to the backing 
and turning of autos and trade wagons, and 
put within sight of the living-room windows 
auto cleaning and the many daily duties con- 
nected with a garage. A hard gravel strip 
would have divided the house from the en- 
tire back of the property and the garage and 
turn-around enclosure would have hidden it 
away from view. 

It' was to have been a sorry, prosaic place, 
full of the cares of a household. It needed 
a bigger vision to relegate all the service to 
the kitchen side of the house and in that way 
preserve an unbroken lawn, which could be 
enclosed by quiet foliage, enlivened by the 
color of flowers and made pleasant by the 
play of shadows on the grass. It needed an 
imagination to create this lawn, which was 
to foster, through a diminutive and freely 
rendered replica of natural scenes, a delight 
in the wide out-of-doors by putting it where 
it could be seen directly from the windows 
of the living-rooms, by making it an easy 
matter to step right out on the grass and by 
tempting one through interesting plant mate- 
rial to explore all the nooks and corners of 
lawn and garden. 

The emphasis of the planting of the south 
lawn is laid on the west boundary. Such 
boundary screens are generally considered 
lightly by the layman as a collection of 
heterogeneous shrub and tree material planted 
close together without much thought as to its 
arrangement. This unfortunate and erro- 
neous idea may be dispelled by a careful 
analysis of this screen plantation. It will 
show that the assemblage of trees, shrubs 
and flowers into such a border required, not 




The elongated shape of the lot presented 
an unusual problem which was solved 
by the means of paths. When at- 
tempted on a small properly, such easy 
flowing curves often become meaningless 



merely a horticultural understand- 
ing of individual plants, but an 
artistic perception of how they 
will look when united into a 
border. 

It is a composition of contrasts. 
Big masses of large trees and tall 
shrubbery curve boldly out into 
the lawn, making strong promon- 
tories and leaving in between 
bays bordered by a shallow plant- 
ing of small trees and low shrub- 
bery. There are four such pro- 
montories. The first, beside the 
house, is made of hemlocks and 
white pines with an undergrowth 
of native and hybrid rhododen- 
dron. This is a strong group of 
more than fifty plants. There are 
wonderful contrasts between the 
large, glossy foliage of the rhodo- 
dendron and the fine leafage of 
the pine and the delicate structure 
of hemlock branches. The second 
promontory is composed of Finns 
sylvestris, the Scotch pine and a 
g'roup of twenty flowering dog- 
wood trees. This provides a fine 
contrast, not only in the spring, 
when the wonderful white bracts 
of the dogwood flowers find a 
splendid foil in the green of the 
pine, but also in autumn the ever- 
greens make a background for 
the dogwood's striking red foliage 
and bright fruit. The third pro- 
montory is a slight one, but 
marked by three Abies concolor. 
These White Firs, which, like 
their relative the Blue Spruce, 
have been very greatly misused as 
lawn decorations, have gained a 
charming place for themselves 
here. Their silvery blue foliage 
makes a bright spot of color amid 
the duller foliage of surrounding 
plants. 

The fourth promontory is the 
strongest part of the boundary, 
for it marks the end of the south 
lawn and furnishes a background 
for the little rustic shelter. The 
columnar cedars and arbor vitae 
in the foreground make striking 
contrasts with the sturdy, bushy, 
young white pines back of them. 
A feathery larch tree is planted 
in this group, a few Junipcnts 
t/laitca with interesting greyish 
foliage are placed with the arbor 
vita: and spring flowering spi- 
raeas (S. van Houttci, S. Rceresii 
and S. rotund if olia}, which make 
interesting contrasts of white flow- 
ers against the cedars. 

(Continued on payc 46) 



Your Saturday Afternoon Garden 

PREPARING ONIONS AND CELERY FOR STORING CARE OF THE TENDER CROPS BEFORE THE FIRST 

FROST YOUR LAST SHOT AT WEEDS 



D. R. EDSO N 



fi 



BKSIDKS the regular work of caring for the growing crops 
and putting in a last planting of radishes, peas and spinach 
in time to mature in your locality, there are four Saturday 
afternoon-sized jobs which you should attend to this month, 
whether they are done Saturdays or not. They are : preparation 
of onions and celery for storing later on ; saving for winter use 
such things as cannot be stored, by canning ; gathering the tender 
crops which might be injured by frost, and making ready for 
.' torage. 

Onions are like chickens, in that they always seem to do v well 
fcr the beginner, as though purposely trying to lead him on to 
try his hand with them on a larger scale. Under favorable con- 
ditions onions yield enormous crops ; and a few rows in the 
back garden will often supply enough 
bulbs to last through the winter, if 
properly handled. But the beginner 
often loses them after they are fully 
grown and matured for the want of 
taking the proper measures before stor- 
ing them for winter. Towards the last 
part of August or first of September, 
if they are planted in good time, the 
tops will begin to fall over and dry up ; 
and if one attempts to pull one of the 
bulbs, it will be found to come up very 
readily, all the roots having disap- 
peared. To the beginner it might seem 
that the natural thing was to let them 
stay there : this, however, would be 
pretty sure to mean a total loss. The 
bulbs should be gathered as soon as 
they come up readily, and spread out 
on a tight, dry floor under cover but 
freely exposed to the wind and air.-" If 
there are too many, or if no such place 
is available, they may be piled along 
narrow rows, several inches deep in the 
center. They should be turned over 
with a rake use a wooden one or a 
wire-toothed lawn rake, so that the 
bulbs will not be bruised or pierced 





When the onion tops begin to fall over in early September, 
pull up the bulbs. The roots by this lime will have dis- 
appeared. Collect and dry out under cover 




In handling squash and pumpkins be careful not to bruise the shell. A bruise 
means a decayed spot, and in storage one decayed fruit spreads the infection 



As melons, pumpkins, cucumbers and squash will continue to ripen in storage, be 
sure to harvest them before the first hard frost 

every day or so, in order that the sun 
will have a chance to get at them all 
and dry them off thoroughly. If put 
under cover where they are not in the 
way, they may be left until the tops are 
dried off thoroughly and one has time 
for cutting them off. If outdoors, how- 
ever, the tops should be cut or the 
onions stored, temporarily, as soon as 
possible. Once dried, wet weather will 
make them sprout most amazingly ; and 
if they begin, it is almost impossible to 
get them again into good condition for 
\\ inter storage. Xo matter how dry they 
may appear to be, they should never In- 
placed where the air does not have free 
access to them. Use slat barrels, or, 
better still, onion crates, which can 
usually be bought at the grocery store 
for ten cents apiece and which are ideal 
for handling them. In this way. they 
do not have to be handled over again 
later, when time comes for putting 
them into their winter quarters. 

The celery should be making very 
rapid growth by this time, ami that de- 
signed for early use should be gone 
over frequently to keep the earth well 
drawn up to the foliage. Even where it is to be blanched with 
boards or individual bleachers, it will be a big help to have the 
hearts and the bases of the stalks well blanched and the latter 
held in an upright position before the finishing touches are put 
on. Blight, the disease most likely to injure celery, should be 
controlled by an ammoniacal copper carbonate spray. This is 
made by mixing two fluid ounces of ammonia into two gallons 
of water and adding two teaspoonfuls of copper carbonate in 
enough water to make a thin paste. Stir this into the ammonia 
water until it is thoroughly dissolved. This will make the right 
amount for an ordinary hand-compressed air sprayer and will 
nicely cover the row or two of celery in the home garden. It 
should be applied often enough to keep the new growth co%-ered. 
This spray is a substitute for Bordeaux and will not, like the 
(Continued on page 56) 



21 



Heating and Ventilating the House 

A STATEMENT OF THE PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THOSE TWO ESSENTIAL FACTORS WHAT TO EXPECT 

IN THE VARIOUS HEATING SYSTEMS 



CHARLES JABLOW, M.E. 



FEW people would care to take daily into their systems a small 
dose of poison, however small the dose, but think of the 
vast army daily breathing air from rooms which, while not stifling, 
and while it does not come under the head of virulent poison, 
still is silently doing its work, causing disease and debility that 
could easily be avoided ! Think that while you are reading this 
article you are probably breathing air unfit for humans. The 
probability that you are breathing impure air is great, for it is 
not an exaggeration to say that nine-tenths of all the people live 
in poorly ventilated houses. As any physician will testify : one 
of the chief reasons why so many human beings succumb to 
disease, and especially diseases which involve the lungs, is be- 
cause they live in houses in which the air supply is imperfect. 

Should we not take cognizance of a 'Statement of this sort and 
investigate a trifle? 

Our bodies may be likened to a power plant. We are radiating 
at nearly all times a certain amount of heat. As in a boiler, heat 
is generated by the oxidation of coal, so must our body heat be 
generated by the oxidation of food. As in a steam engine, work 
is supplied by the oxidation of some sort of fuel under the boiler, 
so is the energy we develop, in the form of walking and other 



bodily exercise, supplied by our food. Now we all know that to 
burn fuel requires air, or, more properly, the oxygen in the air. 
Did you ever stop to notice how the fires are checked in your 
airtight heater when you shut off the air ? Would it not be reason- 
able to expect our own fires to be checked in the same way and 
thereby stop the generation of energy with an insufficiency of air? 

If from the above analogy the point is gained that a liberal 
supply of air is necessary, the quality of air will not be lacking : 
but when we consider our bodily comfort, we find it necessary, 
during the colder weather, to heat this incoming air and still not 
make the cost of fuel unduly high. For this reason it is impossible 
to separate the system of heating from the system of ventilation. 
Better an excessive fuel cost than to be condemned to live in a 
stuffy, poorly ventilated house and then pay the savings from 
fuel for cough syrups, cold tablets, doctor bills and whatnots. 

It was at one time believed that a comparatively large content 
of carbon dioxide was the most undesirable constituent of the 
air we breathed, but now it is understood that the poisonous part 
of the air we breathe is due to organic impurities exhaled from 
our lungs and that carbon dioxide may be likened to water in 
which a man may drown but not be injured on account of its 



!i^- Ijjiijjli 




There is no reason why the radiator should be exposed when it can be hidden under a window seal, as here, and covered with grills that are at once serviceable and 

decorative 



22 



SEPTEMBER, 



HOl'SK AND r.ARDKN 



poisonous qualities. Nevertheless, car- 
bon dioxide does indicate the amount 
of respiration the air has undergone, 
and, therefore, should be considered in 
determining the degree of purity. 

! 'radically, pure air contains four 
parts of carbon dioxide to 10,000. Air 
exhaled from the lungs contains 400 
parts in 10,000. This exhaled air min- 
gles with the pure air in the room and 
thereby contaminates a quantity very 
much in excess of that actually used. 
It is, therefore, found necessary to 
supply about 100 times the quantity 
actually breathed to obtain a practical 
degree of purity. This is equivalent to 
30 cubic feet per minute or 1,800 cubic 
feet per hour, per person, which will 
give a carbon dioxide content of about 
eight or nine parts in 10,000. 

It is now seen that in a room whose 
dimensions are 14' x 14' x 9', or whose 
cubic contents are approximately 1,800 
cubic feet, the air would have to be 
completely changed once per hour if 
only one person occupied the room. If 
two people are in the room, two changes 
are necessary. Fortunately for us, few 
residences are built to exclude all air 
and certain quantities find their way 
through crevices in the walls, through 
window sashes, door frames, etc. It 
is more desirable to admit smaller quan- 
tities of air continuously than to admit 
large quantities at intervals. 

Even an open window may not en- 
sure perfect ventilation at times. We 
must have some means for moving the 
air. Nature has supplied us with a 
powerful ventilating force in the winds. 
A comparatively small opening into a 
room from the windward side of the 
house, with the wind barely perceptible, 
will, in nearly every case, supply more 
times enough air for ventilation, pro- 
vided it is diffused. This may easily be 
accomplished by attaching a deflecting screen to the window sill. 

If no positive system of ventilation is installed in the house, 
ventilation without drafts may be had by the use of the window 
ventilator shown on page 24. A board about eight inches wide and 
a little longer than the width of the sash should be fastened to 
the window frame at a distance from the sash. This will direct 
the air upwards and prevent a direct draft from striking the 
occupants of the room. If the board is stained to match the 
finish of the woodwork, it will not be unsightly. This same ar- 
rangement is sometimes worked out with a glass frame, which 




If the radiator must protrude into the room, have it boxed in with such a grill at shown. In tome instances, 
where the grill it not feasible, a piece of chintz in the colon of the room can be laid over the radiator 

has the advantage of not excluding light. Another method in 
extensive use for moving air is by heat. A heated column of 
air will rise, and if a ventilating shaft that is neither too large nor 
too small enters the room a proper change of air will be 
accomplished. 

Another method of moving air is by mechanical means. A fan 
is used in this system to either force air into the room or to 
extract the air from the room. Such a system is expensive and 
it is not adaptable to small houses. 

It is not the purpose of this article to cover the details con- 



I HOUSE AND GARDEN "J 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



nected with the various meth- 
ods of heating, but in a 
general way the merits of 
each system will be discussed. 

Perhaps the earliest method 
of heating was by open fire- 
places. This form of heating 
ensures large quantities of air 
entering the room, not so 
much on account of the air 
required for the combustion 
of the fuel, but on account of 
the column of hot air large 
quantities of air go up the 
stack. Anyone who has at- 
tempted to heat a large room 
with an open fireplace can 
testify that it is uneconomical and may cause 
annoying drafts. However, as a ventilating 
medium it is very good. It is not a bad esti- 
mate to say that with this method of heating 
nine-tenths of the heat is wasted. 

Stoves are very common in a great ma- 
jority of our houses. This is quite an 
economical method of heating, but unless 
care is exercised and fresh air is admitted 
the ventilation will not be sufficient. Stoves 
should never be so small that ft will 
be necessary to keep the metal red hot 
in order to provide a comfortable tem- 
perature. If the whole house is to be 
heated by stoves, it will prove a con- 
stant source of dirt and require a great 
deal of care. 

The indirect system of heating is 
one in which wanned air is conducted 
to the room to be heated, the air being 
warmed by an indirect radiator con- 
taining steam or hot water placed near 
the room or by a furnace in the 
basement. The system generally 
ensures sufficient air entering the 
room, its purity, of course, de- 
pending upon its course. Such a 
system is quite expensive to 
operate, but in mild climates this 
may not be a serious item. Since 
it is designed to introduce air, an 
indirect system should have some 
provision for the removal of air. 



Principles of Vapor/Syste 
Without Traas orjS/oecial Attactimentt 




This sketch of a vapor system of heating gives an idea of the details that have to be 
considered before installation. It were wiser to settle the problem of the system you 
want to use several months before building your house 



management 



This is, of course, best accom- 
plished by a ventilating flue, 
and where perfect operation 
is expected of such a system, 
the flue should be used. Hot 
air heating with a furnace 
may fail from several other 
causes, namely, when the 
horizontal distance from fur- 
nace is too great no outside 
air intake is provided and the 
air, such as it is, is circulated 
again and again through the 
house ; or, perhaps, the trou- 
ble may be in poor labor dur- 
ing the installation or a fail- 
ure to understand the proper 
of dampers, regulators, etc. 




e gri 



ill fo 



the face of a hot-air inlet 
have good lines 



hould 




Since grills come in an infinity of designs, they can be made 
to fit in with the general scheme of any room 



*m 



1 V** *'*'************** **\ 



i 






that some opportunity is given for the constant changing of air in a room 
In a large place, an indirect intake covered with a grill is ample 



The first cost of a furnace installation is, as 
a rule, less than steam or hot water. These 
troubles in hot air heating can be remedied, 
however, if the best type of warm air gen- 
erator is used ; in houses of unusual length 
two generators may have to be installed. In 
the case of steam or hot water two boilers 
would also have to be installed. 

The direct-indirect system of heating com- 
bines the principle of indirect heating 
with the system in which the heated 
surface is placed directly in the room. 
Provision is made at the base of the 
radiator for passing air from the out- 
side over the surface of the radiator. 
This system may be used with both 
steam and hot water. 

It was seen that the horizontal dis- 
tance must not be too great when one 
furnace is used for heating. If the 
house covers a large area, hot water 
or steam heating must be used 
and two generators installed, as 
shown above! On account of 
climate conditions, area of site 
and other factors it is seldom 
that the various systems of heat- 
ing come in competition. 

While a little more expensive 
than steam as regards first cost, 
hot water has certain advantages 
(Continued on page 58) 





The direct-indirect radiator is 
placed in the room, fresh air 
being diffused by the heat 



Showing the principles of the indirect 
system of heating with a furnace 



This method of securing ven- 
tilation can be constructed at 
home 



The indirect radiator may be used with 
steam or hot water, air being taken from 
outdoors 



Efficiency in the Flower Garden 

THE BULBS TO PLANT NOW FOR SPRING BLOOMING WHAT NATURALISTIC PLANTING REALLY IS 

THE HARDY LILIES PEONIES AND PHLOX 



F. F. R 

IF the planting fever were as strong in autumn as it is in April 
and -May, there would be little necessity for stating the case 
for the fall planting of lilies, bulbs and hardy tubers. But in 
spite of the fact that this class of flowers gives greater and more 
certain results in proportion to the time and money one has 
to spend on them than any others, the planting of these things 
is not nearly so universal as the setting out of potted plants or 
pansies or seeds, that may or may not come up in the spring. 
It is not the cost that deters people from planting them first- 
class bulbs, for instance, may be bought in quantities for a frac- 
tion of a cent apiece. The lily bulbs, which cost more, will last 
indefinitely, and even if no more than three or four of them are 
used, will add materially to the looks of the grounds during the 
comparatively long season in which they are in bloom. Iris, both 
the German and the Japanese sorts, are to be found in many 
gardens; but comparatively few of the newer varieties are used. 
The iris is so hardy, and increases so rapidly of its own free 
will, that where a clump of one sort has once become well estab- 
lished, it is likely to supply all of the plants of this beautiful 
flower that one feels he has room for, unless one has actually 
seen some of the wonderful new sorts, with their wide range 
of color, form and season of bloom. Aim to have at least six, 
and, if possible, more varieties in your garden. Many of the 
best sorts can be bought for fifteen cents apiece: but even this 
small outlay is not necessary if you have garden friends who 
are also interested in this splendid flower, which is all the better 
for taking up, separating and replanting in the fall. 

All of these possess great adaptability and give a wide scope 
to the skill of the gardener in planting unusual and pleasing 
effects. With bulbs, for instance, the method of planting known 
as "naturalizing," while it has come into general use on large 
estates, has been so far quite overlooked in the planning of small 
gardens. This is neglecting a great opportunity. Effects just 



o c K \v K 1. 1. 

as desirable can be achieved on the small place, if proper pre- 
cautions are taken to get the really naturalistic appearance. Thi> 
you will not do if you follow the advice so generally given, of 
throwing the bulbs about by the handful and planting them 
where they fall. Nature in her most enthusiastic or fantastic 
efforts at gardening never planted bulbs in that way ! In this, 
as in other efficient methods of gardening, "that art is greatest 
which conceals itself," and the most naturalistic effect is gained 
by artificial means. L'nder proper conditions of growth bulbs 
propagate in colonies or small clumps some larger, some smaller, 
and at various distances from each other. I'efore you begin 
planting, locate these groups by placing a number of small stake-, 
or stones of various sizes, from two or three to several feet apart, 
where the bulbs are to be naturalized. These can be moved 
about with very little trouble, thus getting through the "mind's 
eye" a pretty accurate idea of how the bulbs will appear when 
in bloom next year. The various narcissi, including daffodils 
and jonquils (especially Pocticns ornatus) are used successfully 
in naturalizing. Hyacinths should be taken up every year to give 
the best results, and tulips usually require lifting every second 
or third year; moreover, they are for the most part too stiff 
and formal looking to be effective when used in this way. For 
lawns that are kept cut, the extra early flowering bulbs in the 
spring crocuses, snowdrops and scillas give the most satis- 
factory results. These are very hardy and quite ideal for natural- 
izing. In addition, they are so inexpensive that they can be 
used in large numbers, even where the cost must be carefully 
considered. 

For formal beds and semi- formal effects in the mixed border, 

or for straight lines along the paths or around the base of the 

house, hyacinths are the most dependable bulbs to use, because 

of their remarkable uniformity in height, color and time of 

(Continued on page 53) 




Aim to have at least six or more varieties of iris in your garden. Many of the best sorts, with a wide range of color, form and season of bloom, can be bought for 

fifteen cents apiece 




The house stands to-day much as it stood in 1 788, save that in restoring dormers were added, a wide, comfortable porch built on the side and back, and a trellised entrance 

placed at the kitchen end 

A Colonial House Restored in Fabric and Spirit 

HOW AN INTIMATE AND APPRECIATIVE STUDY OF THE LOCALITY BROUGHT AN OLD HOUSE BACK TO 

LIFE THE SPIRIT OF COLONIAL DECORATION 



ANTOINETTE PERRETT 



I 



N the village of Pompton Plains, on the main road, on the with two servants' rooms in the wing, led up to by a separate 
corner next to the old church, is a stone house that Albert stairway, which gives privacy to both parts of the house. 



Phillips, the architect, has made his home. It is 
the old Giles-Mandeville house and was built in 
1788. The land about here us,ed to belong to 
the Pompiton Indians ; it is well-known Revolu- 
tionary ground. But even after these many 
decades the spirit of the place is maintained in 
a very true and artistic fashion, and yet has all 
the requirements of a modern house. Mr. Phil- 
lips has taken out some partitions, added dormers 
on both the main house and the wing, and has 
put up a wide, comfortable piazza on the side 
and back and a trellised kitchen porch. He had 
to restore a few old window sashes in place of 
large ones that had been put in. There was, too, 
much general repairing ; but, for all that, he was 
fortunate in finding a house so little spoiled and 
needing so few changes to make it suitable.. 

Its floor plan could not be better adapted to 
modern requirements. On the south side of the 
hall the living-room extends across the whole 
depth of the house. On the north side, with its 
eastern windows, is the dining-room. To the 
west of that there is a cozy little backroom, 
while in the wing are the kitchen and pantries. 
Upstairs above the living-room is the large bed- 
room with two smaller ones across the hall, and 




Blue and cream-colored landscape 
paper in the dining-room makes 
a striking background for the 
grouping of the silver 



The stone walls of this old house are very 
interesting, as are the walls of other houses in 
Pompton Plains. They are far superior, for 
instance, to the brown-stone houses about Upper 
Montclair, more irregular, both in size and shapes 
of the stones, and in their very colors. There 
was an old stone quarry nearby, which accounts 
for the local character of the stone; but the 
workmen, too, must have had a real feeling for 
stone laying. Large stones, some rough and some 
crosscut, and smaller stones of all sorts of shapes 
are laid together in such a way that they are 
a continual delight to look at. 

The window sashes are very unusual, with the 
upper sashes three panes high and the lower 
ones only two. Their quaintness is accentuated 
by the blind arms that keep the solid, paneled 
shutters apart. The shutters are characteristic 
of the neighborhood, as are the Dutch doors and 
the details of the square posts and cornices of 
the porches. 

On the inside the windows have deep sills. 
They are appropriately hung with simple, 
straight, white curtains and valances at the sashes, 
and with colored hangings and valances outside 
the sills. In the living-room curtains of a 



SEPTEMBER, 



HOI'S K AM) CARDKX 



flowered cretonne in reds and blues prove ef- 
fective against the cream-colored wall paper. 
This paper is not a plain cream, but a cream 
finely lined and dotted with grey, which gives 
a very soft effect, liesides the fireplace and 
its side closets there are also the old, brown 
girders and beams two cross girders with six 
beams hung into them. The whole effect of 
the room, with its small, deep windows and its 
low-beamed ceiling and tall fireplace, is infinitely 
cozy, and the furniture is in perfect accord with 
this effect. A small and charming Pembroke 
Sheraton table with an oval top and inlaid 
drawer stands between the two front windows. 
At the side is placed another Sheraton table 
with a folding top. In the summer time a 
Sheraton sofa with eight legs and carved fore- 
arms stands against the long wall, but in winter 
it is pulled up at right angles to the fireplace. 
A stack of tea tables is placed along the back 
wall, while on the wall of the fireplace there 
is a low writing table with a Sheraton looking- 
glass above it all low, light-weight furniture 
that does not for a moment overpower the room, 
but in its beautiful and graceful way gives it 
an air of distinction. So much of the charm 
of a room comes from a fine sense of propor- 
tion. A roomy gate-legged table with a great 
winged chair beside it gives the room a very 
livable appearance. A gate-legged table has a way of looking 
just exactly right in the center of our modern living-rooms, for 
some reason or other. Mr. Phillips has a number of much more 
valuable tables that he has tried for the center of the living- 
room, but he always goes back to his gate-legged, which he 
picked up for a song years ago. 

The mantel-piece in the living-room is very simple and refined 
in its details, but the one in the dining-room excels it in quaint- 





Though not o interesting in detail as that above, the living-room fireplace has excellent, well preserved 
lines of great dignity and simplicity both fundamental elements of Colonial construction 



Colonial atmosphere has been well preserved in the dining-room fireplace: here a the deep hearth, the 
paneled overmantel and the closet converted to hold china 

ness with its great hearth and its panel-back reaching to the 
beam not to mention the china closet quite dwarfed beside it. 
In the dining-room, which has white woodwork and brown 
beams, a blue and cream landscape paper covers the walls. This 
blue is repeated in the chair seats, the hangings, the china and 
the rug. For the rest, much silver has been used silver sconces 
and candlesticks, trays, dishes and all sorts of interesting things for 
table use that are set off well by the blue and cream background. 
There is s^brown hunting paper in the hall, 
with touches of red. A fine, brown folding- 
table with cabriole legs stands beside a slat- 
backed armchair. A collection of old brass 
candlesticks and lamps lends added distinction. 
The old Dutch doors are very good. But here 
again, as in the renovation of the exterior, the 
thing most apparent is that the details of the 
staircase, such as the posts and square balusters, 
have been kept in perfect accord with local 
traditions. This is, after all, one of the mo>t 
valuable things to bear in mind in restoring 
an old house this preservation of its local 
architectural traditions ; and it is here that so 
many people, who are not especially sensitive 
to architectural detail, go astray by introducing 
foreign elements. 

It is, however, not only the house which 
makes the Phillips home so full of charm ; there 
is, too, a garden. It is planted at the corner of 
the grounds hard by the white fence, a delight 
to all who pass along the village road. The 
plan is easily seen in the photographs. The 
whole garden is made up of four grass plots 
surrounded by wide borders of flowers. Each 
of these plots might, in truth, be a complete 
little garden in itself. They are divided by two 
paths, and at their intersection there is a circular 
(Continued on page 49) 



Peonies as a Background for Annuals 

THE COLOR POSSIBILITIES IN MASSING AND EDGING -OVERCOMING BLIGHT PRACTICAL HINTS FOR 

CULTURE LISTS OF VARIETIES TO CHOOSE FROM 



ELOISE ROORBACK 



Photographs by X. R. Graves and George H. Peterson 



THE peony is the king of flowers as surely as 
the rose is queen. By divine right of beauty, 
strength and vigor it dominates the garden. It is 
the first of the garden herbaceous hosts to advance 
testing weather conditions. Its bronze helmet 
pushes through the ground early in March, scout- 
ing, as it were, for skulking Jack Frost lances. 
By the time the peony is several inches above 
ground, conditions are favorable for the arrival of 
tlie less hardy. Peonies noblesse oblige not only 
dare lead the ranks, but stand back of their flower 
court all summer long, shielding the fair annuals 
from rude breezes, offering their dark green coat 
as foil for their beautv. 

,. . ,, ' , . . ... Armandme Mechin, a brilliant t 

1 here is no Mower of the garden as dependable ret j peo ny of delicate fragrance above the sea of green leaves, they seem like gulls 
and altogether as satisfactory as this herbaceous 
rose. The blossoms are brilliant, gorgeously colored, as well as 
delicate of texture. The colors run the gamut of white, rose 
and red flower possibilities. Its fragrance is peculiarly haunting, 
reminding one of old-time home gardens. The foliage is rich, 
glossy and beautifully formed. Year after year it puts forth a 




no other color in the garden and the rich masses 
of cool green make grateful shade in the summer. 
Because the polished leaves shed the dust, peonies 
are the finest of all herbaceous plants for dust 
screens by roadways and borders of paths. They 
are fresh and shining when other plants would look 
choked and miserable. Between the early-blooming 
single varieties and the late-blooming double ones, 
they make a long season of bloom, a bank of color 
for the road to flow through. They are better than 
box or fern, fill all gaps of shrubbery, make the 
center of individual beds against which the smaller 
plants can be graded. Lilies can be planted to ad- 
vantage among them. When rising on tall stalks 



profusion of superb blossoms 
with little or no attention. It 
endures the severest of win- 
ters without a murmur, re- 
turning spring after spring 
with the swallows to the same 
familiar trysting place. After 
its majestic blooming time is 
over it retires in favor of the 
rose, graciously content to 
serve the beauty of others. 

Peonies should be planted' 
as a background for annuals, 
even though they did not bear 
those great blossoms of such 
striking beauty that they are 
regarded by some nations as 
sacred symbolic of divinity. 
They protect the annuals 
from the rush of winds and 
make a most excellent foil for 
their tender colors. When 
they come up in the spring, 




in flight across the garden. They are unrivaled for 
massing in landscape work of all kinds, as borders for roadways, 
edging for shrubberies, background for annuals, against the foun- 
dations of houses and as crest of retaining walls. They are also 
among the finest of cut flowers. 

Very little space in garden manuals is devoted to cultural 

directions of this superb 
flower, for very little is 
needed. According to a well- 
known authority, who has 
devoted twenty years to a 
study of these hardy, beauti- 
ful, fragrant and showy 
plants, they require almost no 
attention after the first plant- 
ing, demanding only to be let 
alone to multiply in their own 
way. His advice, surely the 
most reliable that can be ob- 
tained, is to plant the roots in 
a trench, so that the upper 
eyes are two to three inches 
beneath the surface. They 
should be set about three feet 
apart and in alternate rows. 
After blooming time is over 



As a border plant, peonies are perhaps without a peer, not only for their showy 
blossoms, but because the polished foliage sheds the dust, leaving them always cool 
and shining. Their long season of bloom is an added attraction 

their bronze and copper tints 

are as wonderful metallic sconces for the candle of crocus, torch 
of tulip and light of daffodil. The snowdrop huddles trustingly 
under its shimmering tent of leaves and. anemones seek its lee. 
Then come the colonies of candytuft, harebells, stocks, dwarf 
phlox, nasturtiums, petunias and asters. Flowers of every color 
can be planted against the background of peonies, for their dark 
shade of green makes most welcome contrast of color. 

Peony bushes reach a height of between three and five feet. 
The flowers are lifted still higher. This height, coupled with 



the seed pods should be cut 
down, but not the leaves, until 
they fade of themselves in the 
fall. The leaves are needed 

to aid the plant in developing the eyes and the roots of the next 
season's growth. He also says that many peonies are killed by 
covering in the winter. They do not like to be "coddled" by 
mulches, for they tend to create blind growth. Do not disturb 
the roots until they show the need of it. This may be after six 
years, perhaps longer, because every disturbance sets them back 
from two to three years. The fall is the best time for planting. 
Almost any soil will serve, for their vigor is equal to anything: 
though, since they are great feeders, they must be given rich 



density and beauty of leaf, makes them the greatest of all border earth if their greatest glory is to be attained. Do not water in 
plants. The metallic spring tints are welcome when there is the fall when planted, and only a little in the early spring months. 



28 



SEPTEMBER, 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



When the blooming time is on, they 
must be given an abundance. 

A few years ago the peony was com- 
monly considered immune from pests 
and diseases. Recently, however, a 
great deal of havoc has been wrought 
by a sort of rot called the American 
botrytis blight that attacks even the 
hardiest bushes. Early in the spring 
the disease puts in its first appearance, 
usually in the form of a rot at the base 
of the young stems. The affected 
stalks wilt, droop and succumb quickly, 
sometimes leaving the rest of the clus- 
ter apparently untouched. Later in 
the season stalks with full-blown 
flowers often wither and die from a 
lesion at the base. And even after the 
flower season is over another symptom 
is evidenced by the blight of the 
leaves. The diseased parts lose their 
fresh green color and turn rapidly 
from a dark brown to a light yellowish 
green. 

While your plants may not be af- 
fected at all this season, it is best to 
use preventive measures and 
spray with a good fungicide as 
soon as the stems come up. 
Make a second and third appli- 
cation when the buds begin to 
show and just before they open. 
A fourth spraying is desirable 
after blossoming to protect the 
leaves. Bordeaux is the com- 
monest spray, and by applying 
it when possible just before a 
rain, the plants are not made 
unsightly by stains. 

In case the disease is not 
forestalled, remove and destroy 
the affected parts as fast as 




Extravagantly prolific in quantity a> well 
the white Canari with its yellow center 



in quality of bloom, 
> a great favorite 







they appear. At the end of the season 
it is wise to destroy all tops, as in this 
way the parasite cannot be carried 
over the winter. Cut the stem close 
to the ground or break from the 
crowns. 

The color of the blossoms need not 
be considered when using peonies as 
a background for annuals, but should 
be given most careful consideration 
when they are used to create color 
effects in the early spring. Among the 
white peonies and they are con- 
sidered by some the most beautiful <>f 
all the I-estira maxima is generally 
ranked among the first, for it bears 
wonderful, great, white flowers on 
long, stiff stems, is very fragrant, a 
notoriously vigorous bloomer, and is 
the very first of all to open to the sun. 
Occasionally, the white petals will be 
tipped with red, memory of its OfKci- 
nalis ancestry. Closely following is 
the Festh-a, much like it, only 
dwarfed instead of vigorous of 
growth. These two together prolong 
the white season most accom- 
modatingly, besides adapting 
themselves to graded height. 
One of the loveliest of all the 
white peonies is the Duchess 
de Nemours (Calot). Deli- 
cately fragrant, it opens its 
creamy-white guard petals, re- 
vealing a lovely lemon-yellow 
center. It looks much like a 
water lily. As it opens, the yel- 
low center gradually fades to 
white, until at its hour of per- 
fection it is a pure white. 
Madame de Yerneville, broad 
(Continued on ('age 52) 




M. Jules Elie is unusually large and hand- Nowhere docs the king of Bowers show off to belter advantage than in the 
some, shading from a fresh, bright pink to role of shield and background to so dainty an annual as the foxglove, 

deep rose at the center Peonies may be used effectively to conceal the house foundations 



Loveliest of the white peonies is Duchess 
de Nemours, with its creamy while guard 
petals and lemon yellcw center 









By careful selection the tulip season was made to last until the perennials began to 
bloom two months from the first Due von Thol to the last Darwin 



Roses fitted especially well into the color scheme. Hybrid teas furnished a long 
season of bloom. Those shewn here are Frau Karl Druschki and Mrs. John Lormg 




Late May finds the peonies in bloom, great clumps of white shading to pink and clumps of pure 
pink. A garden of sweet scents this, besides a garden of color succession 



A Pink Garden 

of Individuality 

THE EXPERIENCE OF A WOMAN WHO 
PLANTED AND PROPAGATED FOR COLOR 
SUCCESSIO N F ROM NARCISSUS TO 
CHRYSANTHEMUM IN AN ADIRONDACK 
GARDEN 

E. E. T R U M I! U L L 

AMONG the gardens I love to visit is one 
where reign soft, harmonious colors, a gar- 
den that, like Topsy, "just grew" from a very small 
beginning, spreading in all directions until it 
reached generous proportions for a small garden. 
The only plan followed hy the fair gardener was 
to grow such flowers as harmonize with the pink 
and rose color she loves, and to remove as soon as 
possible any which fall below the standard a safe 
and sure way to avoid discordant contrasts and 
clashing colors. There are no prim formal walks, 
but narrow, pink-bordered paths, often delight- 
fully irregular, lead to the points of interest. In- 
dividuality shows itself both in the choice of flow- 
ers (preference being given to single blossoms) 
and in the garden's setting. 

Spring is especially welcomed here, as it brings 
with it in generous quantity the narcissus, which 
last almost a month. After the monotony of our 
long, cold winters, how we welcome these brave 
first flowers of spring ! Among the last of them is 
the poet's narcissus with its waxy petals and red^ 
rimmed cup, which is such a delightful vase flower. 
Last of all is the double poet's, Alba plena oderata, 
one of the loveliest and most fragrant of the 
family, blooming with the tulips, wonderfully ef- 
fective when used with the single pink and white 
tulip, Cottage Maid, either in the garden or for 
table decoration. There is a bewildering assort- 
ment of tulips from which to choose, when, even 
as in this garden, the selection is limited to pink 
and white and single flowers, the one exception 
being the exquisite semi-double Murillo. By 
careful selection, the tulip season may be made 
to last until the perennials begin to bloom, as it 
is more than two months from the first Due von 
Thol to the last Darwin or Cottage Garden tulip, 
which blooms simultaneously with the iris. 

The German iris is the only one used in this 
garden and the color is not confined to rose and 
white, many tones of blue and lavender being used. 
Noticeable among these is the Pallid a dalmatica, 
claimed to be the largest and most beautiful of all 
German iris, and the exquisite Madame Chereau, 
with its pure white ruffled petals bordered with 
blue. I wonder if amateur gardeners fully appre- 
ciate the iris? It is such an old flower and most 
of us have been familiar with some variety of 
the family from childhood. Iris was the old Greek 
word that meant "rainbow goddess," and all colors 
of the rainbow may be found in the flower. In 
addition to its beauty it is so hardy that it will 
thrive and cover itself with bloom even though 



SEPTEMBER, 



HOI SK. AND GARDKN 



neglected and uncared for. The broad foliage is 
never troubled by insects or blight and makes 
attractive clumps or borders after its blossoms 
have passed. Many of the newer sorts are as 
fragrant as arbutus. Among the most beautiful 
of the new varieties is the exquisite Wyomissing, 
which I have never seen in bloom in any other 
garden. It is a blending of pink, cream and white, 
pink being the dominant color. 

Coming with the iris and lasting well into July 
are the blossoms of the long-spurred columbine, 
fluttering like pink, white and cream-colored but- 
terflies over the heavier blooms, adding the touch 
of lightness, which is so attractive in a garden. 
Another feature is the gypsophila, which one sees 
blooming everywhere. Most gardeners know that 
perennial gypsophila is hard to establish from 
roots, and even when well started the season of 
bloom is short. But this little gardener has the 
dainty flower from early summer till frost, simply 
by scattering seed of the annual variety among 
the perennials and over the bulbs, thus making 
the garden more attractive and furnishing enough 
pink and white lace-like blossoms to combine with 
cut flowers. 

Perhaps the most exquisite show in the garden 
is when the Madonna lilies are in bloom. If a 
fairer, sweeter picture can be made than a hundred 
stalks of this lily in full bloom, waxy-petaled and 
with stamens of gold, I should like to see it. The 
setting here is particularly good. A narrow path 
bordered with hardy garden pinks and pale grey- 
blue ageratum set alternately leads to the bed of 
lilies, whose beauty is further enhanced by a 
nearby planting of pale blue Delphinium Bella- 
donna. Blooming simultaneously with these lilies 
and delphinium are the hybrid tea roses. These 
are at one side in a bed by themselves, and afford 
so much pleasure for such a long time it is hard 
to conceive how any one can be willing to do with- 
out them, especially as many of them are so hardy 
they require but little protection here in the foot- 
hills of the Adirondacks, where our winters are 
not only severe but very changeable. 

Who was it who first styled the rose "Queen 
of the flowers"? If she could only see the 
hybrid teas of to-day she would be sure the title 
was well chosen. There are too many varieties 
grown in this garden to describe all I will only 
speak of the later additions to the collection. At 
the head of the list this gardener places La Detroit. 
Joseph Hill and Lady Ashtown. The first-men- 
tioned is of the largest size, an exquisite blending 
of pink and rose. Joseph Hill is one of those 
strong, vigorous growers always in bloom and 
such bloom ! In the catalog it is described as 
salmon pink, but I would say it was an absolutely 
perfect rose, much the color of, and equally as 
beautiful as, the famous Betty, which is perfection 
itsdf. Lady Ashtown has very long buds, is 
vigorous, always in bloom, and bears its large. 
lovely flowers of soft rose shaded with pink and 
yellow on long stems excellent for cutting. Another 
prime favorite in this garden is Pharisaar, a white 
pink-shaded bloom of great beauty, whose most 
(Continued on page 46) 



Blooming simultaneously with the Madonna lilie* and the hybrid leas come the 
foxgloves, let in a narrow bed bordered with hardy pinks and ageratum 




Phlox means a flame, and rose, salmon pink and while flame by the border, filling the garden 
with bloom until September brings the Michaelmas daisy and the hardy chrysanthemum 



Where the size or 
proportions of the 
guest room do not 
permit twin beds 
being placed side 
by side, try them 
foot to foot, as 
done here. The 
furnishings of the 
room were inex- 
pensive muslin 
canopies and val- 
ances, rag rugs, and 
an hour-glass table, 
covered with cre- 
tonne chosen to 
harmonize with the 
wall paper 



Or if the room has 
a large unused 
closet, remove the 
front and set a cot 
bed in the alcove. 
Paint the wood- 
work white, frame 
the opening with a 
valance and cur- 
tains, put a cheery 
paper on the wall, 
and with a piece 
or two of Colonial 
furniture the room 
will be both novel 
and inviting 




TWO WAYS OF ECONOMIZING SPACE IN THE SMALL GUEST ROOM 
Photographs by Mary H. Northend 



Building for Hospitality 



GUEST HOUSES AND GUEST ROOMS THAT HAVE SOLVED THE PROBLEMS OF LIMITED SPACE A NEW 

USE FOR OLD OUTBUILDINGS 

DALTON WVLIE 
Photographs by Mary H. Northcnd 



PERHAPS it was Baron 
Stiegel who originated 
the idea. At any rate, that 
eccentric Colonist, whose 
beautiful glassware we have 
lately begun to appreciate and 
collect, built a guest house 
near Schaefferstown, Pa., as 
far back as 1769. Like every- 
thing the Baron did, it was 
an amazing piece of original- 
ity, and later became known 
as "Stiegel's folly." 

Overwhelmed by the re- 
sults of his own lavish hos- 
pitality, the Baron decided 
that his several residences 
were not large enough to ac- 
commodate all his guests. So 
he built this strange tower or 
Schloss on a hilltop some five 
miles north of Elizabeth Fur- 
nace. It was a wooden struc- 
ture built of heavy timbers, 

in the form of a truncated pyramid, seventy-five feet high, fifty 
feet square at the base and ten feet square at the top. On the 
ground floor were banquet halls, and above were richly appointed 
guest chambers. Here the princely manufacturer entertained on 
n grand scale so long as his money held out. 

It is quite likely that Stiegel borrowed the idea from his birth- 
place on the Rhine, and that the origin of the detached guest 
house dates back to antiquity. The fact remains that in this 
country it is by no means a 
common institution, in spite 
of the American aptitude for 
securing the highest efficiency 
in matters of household man- 
agement. 

Everybody, of course, has 
a guest room or spare room, 
as we used to say. Many 
modern homes are built with 
two or three guest rooms that 
may be thrown en suite if 
desired, and well provided 
with bathroom facilities. I'.ut 
how about the clay when the 
unexpected guest arrives, with 
the house already full, or 
when Harold brings five 
chums home from college un- 
announced ? The most capa- 
ble matron may be excused 
for being a bit put out on such 
occasions. Yet one cannot 
give up half a house to rooms 




A detached guesl house will solve the entertaining problem both for hostess and guest. 
This vest pocket bungalow on the Parker estate at Nanepashomel, Mass., a an 
example of what can be done with little expenditure 



for guests alone. What then : 
The answer has been found 
in the detached guest house 
which may be made as attrac- 
tive and luxurious as you 
please, but which may, if de- 
sired, be inexpensively con- 
structed and simply furnished. 
One cannot treat one's best 
guest room in quite that 
fashion. When not in use the 
visitors' quarters are not tak- 
ing up valuable space in the 
house. The guest house may 
be closed up when unoccupied 
and need not be heated. 

Another thing: The aver- 
age guest room offers com- 
fort but no privacy. You may 
have an open fire and a desk 
and books in it, and do every- 
thing you can to make it com- 
plete and homelike, it never- 
theless remains a part of the 

house of the host and the guest lives continually under a certain 
amount of restraint and obligation. Particularly is this the case 
where young children are among the visitors in a home that i- 
not accustomed to them. The detached guest house furnishes the 
desired freedom and the opportunity for privacy. There the 
children may romp without disturbing anybody. There mother 
may give way to her headache and lie down without fear of 
calling the attention of the household to her condition and caus- 
ing unnecessary inconvenience 
or embarrassment. 

The elaborateness of the 
guest house will depend, of 
course, on the needs and re- 
sources of the owner. A one- 
room, unheated bungalow, 
without running water, may 
be put together for a hundred 
dollars or so, or the guest 
house may be well built, with 
living-room, porches, and 
chambers, heated and supplied 
with bathrooms, and co-t 
several thousand. So there is 
no rule about it. A few ex- 
amples cited will give a better 
idea of the possibilities than 
a long analysis. Some of 
these, it will be observed, are 
the results of remodeling, of 
utilizing buildings already on 

Pullmamze the beds and save space. Besides, guests like novel experiences, such as the place. 

sleeping in berths that won't bump and washing at basins that fold into the wall Of this type is the guest 




33 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 




The last state of this old shed was better than 
the first. Given windows, bunk beds, a cur- 
tain, a few chairs and there was a guest 
house 



house at Iristhorpe, the Gage estate at Shrewsbury, 
Mass. With the purchase of automobiles and the 
building of a garage, the stable became a super- 
numerary among the buildings of the estate, until 
the idea was conceived of remodeling it as a guest 
house. The lower part is still employed for utili- 
tarian purposes, the second floor has been completely 
fitted up to serve the needs of hospitality. What 
was once the barn loft has now been divided into 
three bedrooms, a bathroom, and a lounging-room, 
one of the attractions of which is a billiard table. 
Two porches open from this apartment, one of 
which is furnished for outdoor sleeping. The gar- 
dener has done his part to make the place attractive. 

Similar arrangements have been made by Mr. 
Thomas Lyman Arnold at his country place on 
Charlestown Bay, R. I. The main dwelling, by the 
way, was evolved from an old cow barn on the 
one-time farm of King Tom, last chief of the Nar- 
ragansetts. When Mr. Arnold first acquired the 
old farm the number of more or less wornout small 
outbuildings upon it offered a real problem. Some 
of them were picturesque in line and setting, but 
in their untouched condition they were a disfigure- 
ment. 

Having succeeded so well in making a house out 
of a corn barn, Mr. Arnold turned his attention to 
a good-sized corn-crib standing not far away on a 
little knoll. Sills and timbers proved usable and 
the frame was straightened and trued. The exterior 
was shingled and the interior sheathed with North 
Carolina pine. Windows and doors were put in. 
an addition built on the rear for a kitchenette, 
(Continued on page 58) 




On an estate at Cataumet, Buzzard's Bay, is this The interior of the mill has been left much as it was the old hand-hewn timbers, boards being still exposed, 
wind-mill, converted into a commodious guest house Here, with the simplest of furnishings, has been made a bedroom: the living-room is on the floor below 



The Balance Sheet of an Orchard 

BEING THE REASON FOR THE FAILURE OR SUCCESS OF THE BACK-TO-THE-LANDER- 
THE FOURTH YEAR WORK IN APPLES ENSURING SUCCESS BY DIVERSIFIED CROPS 

JOHN ANTHONY 




THE handshake of greeting was hardly over when the 
question that was in the heart of my friend leaped to 
his lips: "Does it pay in dollars and cents?" 

The query took me unawares and I answered somewhat 
vaguely : "Why, yes, of course it pays," which was not a correct 
answer. "It" does not pay. No "it" on earth would pay in the 
hands of some people. The Standard Oil Company could be 
ruined in a decade if its destinies were to fall into the hands 
of incompetents. No farm, no orchard can long economically 
endure hy itself. Systems of farm management change con- 
tinually and must continue to do so to meet changing conditions. 
A system that pays to-day may fall behind hopelessly five years 
hence. 

The real question is: Do "you" pay? Are "you" a yielder of 
dividends? Can "you" make use of the opportunities which the 
land provides to make an income? 

( >nly four years ago I was asking myself that very same 
question, even while hoping, with every grain of faith that was 
within me, that the answer was in the affirmative. 

The New York State Department of Agriculture believes that 
"More farmers miss real success 
because the business is too small 
than for any other single reason. 
Lack of diversity is the weak 
factor in a great many farms. 
Poor production limits the success 
of about as many farms as does 
diversity." This lack of successful 
planning is usually the fault of 
the man himself. It is the per- 
sonal factor. Can "you" discern 
and correlate the various oppor- 
tunities offered on your farm so 

that the sum total of the work may By planting such crops as will not 

be profit ? are able to increase the 



The problems to be met are individual ; they belong to the 
place and to the man. Methods which will succeed on this farm 
will not pay on the next one to it, while the owner of the 
adjoining place could not handle this orchard successfully as I 
handle it, neither could I run his farm as he is doing. He makes 
money on crops that would ruin me. He brings up the pro- 
ductivity of his land by methods that would mean a debit entry 
every year that I attempted it. Certainly, I envy him his ability 
and, possibly, he envies me some of my opportunities. 

The same authority states that if the farmer cannot figure 
out a labor income for himself equal to that of the man he 
hires, it might be wise for him to give up farming and work 
for his neighbors. Certainly this may be, if the man is so 
dead as to accept this condition of affairs and sink under it. 
Then let him live as a hireling all the days of his life. 

It takes a lot of capital of money, of time and of experience 
to build up a farming business. For years the balance sheet 
may be on the wrong side of the ledger, although the farmer 
is gathering together the factors which later will ensure success. 
Much may be properly charged to development, education and 

organization. The right appor- 
jfll tionment of these costs is one of 
the personal problems in the life. 
It is unwise to give a $5,000 edu- 
cation to a $500 boy, but a $5,000 
boy is not equipped for his great- 
est development with a $500 edu- 
cation. Can you see a good chance 
of a thousand-dollar income from 
your farm ? Then an investment 
of $15,000 is yielding slightly over 
six per cent. Are you looking for- 
ward, with some confidence to 

interfere with the apple activities, we making $5,OOO? Then On an in- 
net income of the farm VCStment of $8o,OOO yOU WOuld be 




35 



1 i 


HOUSE 


AND GARDEN 


SEPTF 


MBER, 19 


" 1 




The young trees that are growing up around us are as yet only an added burden, but they are the most substantial investment on the place 



making over six per cent interest. This is a low rate of return 
for money subject to the inevitable risk of business, but serves 
to suggest the amount of money which a business of like calibre 
would require in the financial world. 



The first consideration is self-evident a way must be found to 
minimize that cost. The answer is equally obvious : produce only 
high-grade fruit. 

But to raise the grade of the fruit in the orchard is a slow 



If, after the period of development has passed, you cannot process, while to find the market is a slower one yet. One can- 



figure out a profit or see one in prospect, then is the time to 
talk of working for your neighbor; but until that time unless 



not find the market without the fruit nor can one afford to raise 
the high-grade fruit without a high-priced outlet, so the one 



you die mentally take your courage in both hands and carry the elevating process must go hand in hand with the other. Each 
fight through to the finish, despite the discouragements which year must see both advantages pushed a little further. 



will meet you at every 
turn. 

My problem of 
farm management 
centered around the 
orchard, for that was 
the crux of the whole 
proposition, and the 
chief element con- 
trolling all plans was 
the eight-mile haul to 
the railroad, made 
even more burden- 
some by a heavy hill. 










For the first time in fifty years the hilltop was plowed and harrowed. Our wheat crop was the first 

sowed in that region for two decades 



Immediately an- 
other factor is pre- 
sented, for an effec- 
tive organization must 
be kept within reach 
to handle the crop. 
Untrained labor will 
not do for this high- 
grade packing; there 
must be specialists in 
every department. 
We can count on get- 
ting some of these 
men as they are 



SKI 


TKM I1KK, 


lOJS 


HOUSE 


AND 


GARDEN 


1 



wanted, but a few must be kept 
on the place itself, regardless of 
outside conditions. 

On this place we are emerging 
from one phase of development 
only to plunge into another. The 
cost of making over the old trees 
into a modern, well-kept, highly- 
productive orchard is Hearing an 
end. We have sometimes sacri- 
ficed immediate returns for the 
sake of building up our markets 
and extending our reputation for 
quality of products and honesty 
in dealing. The returns from 

these investments were a marked factor in this year's balance 
sheet. The young trees which are growing up around us are, 
as yet, only an added burden, but they are the most substantial 
investment on the place. Bringing land back into cultivation 
and fairly extensive setting out of small fruits are other costs 
which are good business ventures but not productive of returns 
for another year or two. The creation and welding together of 
an organization to handle our fruit crop is another present cost. 




Only as a side line are potatoes safe; for though high one season, they 
may be below our cost of production next 



A study of our accounts shows 
that we can divide the expenses 
into four general heads : ( I ) labor 
on the orchard; (2) labor cost to 
preserve the essentials of the or- 
ganization and to keep the place 
running; (3) grain for li\e stock; 
(4) living expenses of the house- 
hold. 

There are two effective ways to 
increase the net income of a farm : 
one is to make more money and 
the other is to save it. 

Year by year our apples sell 
for more money and, as the young 

trees begin to bear, this sum will increase by leaps and bounds. 
( )ur income is all right, but our costs are too high to continue. 
The labor in the orchard is a fair charge against the income from 
that source and our efforts can only be directed towards making 
this labor more effective and therefore more economical. But 
the charge for labor at other seasons, which, in part, is simply 
carrying the men from one season to another, is a charge which 
(Continued on page 49) 







High-grade fruit is a goal we can only gradually attain, but each year finds the orchard more modern, better kepi and more highly productive 




The furniture and decoration of the entire house have been chosen for coolness and comfort. Oriental rugs and 
a few well selected ornaments lend an air of elegance 




Viewed from the balustrade along the cliff the shape of the house is readily seen. A veranda on one side and 

a service wing on the other enclose the court 




"BH^^K ' HBI^^MM^^B1^^MB^ ~ 1 /niHIHF^ ' w 

Accessories of the veranda and terrace show the owner's fondness for foreign decorative arts. Here are placed 
Italian porch and garden furniture, bits of faience and majolica 



THE SUMMER HOME OF 

MR. PITTS DUFFIELD 
AT SMITHTOWN BAY, L. I. 

Mann & MacNeille, architects 



T3ICT1! 

"> cSl -,-J?fjtf,.~&K^\ r_Jh f"> (j 



L I] If '^ ;: 

[rUr-jgrT= j) .|lUE^^-jari.5 




The house faces the bay, with the view hidden until the 
hall is reached 

The north shore of Long Island has long 
been a favorite location for the summer 
homes of those wealthy New Yorkers who 
wish to maintain a country estate near the 
water but within a few hours of the 
metropolis. Among the centers around 
which the summer life of that section gravi- 
tates is Smithtown Bay, the high cliffs of 
which are not unlike the chalk cliffs of 
Kent. 

Along the edge of these cliffs has been 
located the summer home of Mr. Pitts 
Duffield. Only a broad terrace bounded by 
an Italian balustrade separates it from the 
edge, and from the veranda one obtains an 
uninterrupted view up and down the coast. 

The architects have given a low and broad 
sweep to the house by extending verandas 
and overhanging eaves. The style of the 
architecture is distinctly Colonial with some 
suggestions of the Italian Renaissance. The 
interior is treated with excellent taste and 
with an individuality that expresses clearly 
its purpose. The walls of the ground-floor 
rooms are divided into simple panels by the 
application of wood mouldings nailed di- 
rectly to the plaster. A uniform tint of 
neutral grey has been applied to the entire 
interior, and the -individuality of each room 
is obtained by variety in furniture and 
hangings, rugs and objects d'art. 



All the bedrooms have 
the benefit of the bay 
view and breeze 




38 




Approach lo the house it skilfully planned lo lead one by a winding driveway lo the entrance and to withhold all intimation of the proximity of the Sound until, upon 
entering the cool and spacious hall, the first glimpse of the bay is obtained, framed by terrace walls and loggia columns 




Simplicily in construction and decoration obtains throughout the house. On the first floor walls remarkably decorative panels are made by simply nailing moulding to 

the plaster; the Boors are oak laid in plain strips. The entire interior is painted a neutral grey 

39 




INSIDE THE HOUSE 

HOUSE AND GARDEN tcjY/ gladly answer questions on interior decoration and the shops. 
It's shopping semicc Ki7/ purchase any of the articles shown or mentioned on these pages. 
Address "Inside the House." 








Although this wrought iron 
flowerstand may be pleas- 
ingly, or displeasmgly, 
reminiscent of the days 
when grandmother dis- 
carded just such an ob- 
ject to the limbo of the 
cellar, the fashion for 
them has returned. In 
fact, the fad for wrought 
iron has descended upon 
us again with a vengeance. 
Flowers on the porch and 
in the conservatory will 
hereafter be arranged in 
stiff pyramids with these 
stands contributing their 
share of the stiffness. This 
type comes in a rusty 
black coloring, or in old 
green, with touches of 
dull gold, 5' 2" high. It 
also comes more elaborate, 
with crystal drops and 
chains, at $100. The 
workmanship is delicately 
wrought. $75 




Tin flowers present almost the last word in modernist 
decoration, which, by the bye, is more and more re- 
verting back to the artificial of bygone days. They 
come in brilliant colors and in a large variety of 
subjects, ranging from $30 upward. The Tole vase 
in which they are arranged shows a chinoiserie design. 
Two shades of green are used. Its price is $15. 
The two small Tole vases of like color are 18th Cen- 
tury Italian in feeling. $20 the pair 





Transparent cloisonne has been chosen by a well-known importer as 
an admirable material for lamp shades. In each of the lamps 
shown the copper has been burned out of the shades, leaving the 
finely toned enamels held together by wire. The lamp on the right 
shows a peacock in natural colors in the shade, upon a base of 
carved ivory figures. Chrysanthemums in various colors give a 
delightful effect to the middle one. The mushroom shape is novel 
and the base is of Shippo bronze. The third has for a base a 
group of bronze elephants, by Maruki, with a dragon motif in the 
shade in green and red. Reading from left to right their prices 
are $135, $70 and $175 



Another example of the 
wrought iron work is 
found in this fish bowl 
standard. Standing 32" 
high, finished in rusty 
iron, antique bronze or 
dull Italian gold, it brings 
the bowl in a good posi- 
tion to watch the slow, 
shimmering movements of 
the fish. Both standard 
and bowl are decorated in 
antique green and gold 
and sell together for $45. 
As goldfish in themselves 
are strikingly decorative, 
they should be placed in 
such a position that the 
light can filter through the 
water and exaggerate them 
into grotesque shapes. 
Either place the bowl 
then, on a window sill, 
or raise it to the light on 
a standard such as this 



40 




Since fire screens are apt (o occupy a 
prominent place in the room, there is 
every reason that they be carefully 
chosen both for line and decoration. 
This screen of Chinese lacquer, measur- 
ing 25" x 36", may be had in both red 
and black to fit the color scheme of the 
fireplace or the furnishings of the room. 
The panel of Chinese brocade in black 
and gold has a rich tone, decorative in 
itself. Being of light weight, the screen 
can readily be moved about and yet it 
stoutly supported by its broad base. $48 




The tin lampshade, which is coming 
again into vogue, is well represented 
in (his Directoire lamp. Decorated 
in multi-colors, it bears the same de- 
sign as the Venetian standard, the 
two thus creating a good decorative 
unit. The shade and standard, mount- 
ed for two lights, sells at $37.50 





A design of brightly colored but- 
terflies gives a novel note to this 
Bohemian glass water set. The 
figures are of painted enamel that 
has the double advantage of be- 
ing both beautiful and resisting 
the wear of washing. A thin 
gold line rims the lop of the 
pitcher, glasses and tray. $22 



The cycle of fashion swings round 
and brings into favor again 
Mason's iron stone china, that 
used to be in vogue in our grand- 
mothers' day. This salad bowl, 
done in dull black and decorated 
in a floral pattern of red, green 
and yellow, laid on in brilliant 
tones, sells for $10 



Much of the charming spaciousness of a 
room is the result of its mirrors. They 
must be first beautiful in themselves, then 
fitted to that selling which will display 
their own beauty of line and color and 
give opportunity for pleasing reflections. 
This applies as well lo small mirrors as 
to large. Here is a Venetian lacquer 
mirror, Chinese in design, of cherry- 
wood, and decorated with a gold ground 
and figures in multi-colors. It comes in 
two sizes; 26" by 18" and 32" x 18" 
priced respectively at $24 and $27 





You can never really have too many trays because each service 
would seem to require a new kind and because, when properly 
placed, they add a touch of color to the shelf or the buffet. 
Thus this tray of white enamel. The bottom is plate glass over 
brightly colored linen, a fabric showing a pheasant design in 
several shades of blue. For the breakfast in bed happy luxury! 
nothing could be more refreshing in appearance or more 
serviceable. Strong, light of weight and easily kept clean it 
satisfies all the wishes for a breakfast tray. $6 



Delicately shaded lavender bands, inlaid with black medallions, 
make a pleasing color contrast against the plain white ground 
of this breakfast set. In the center of each medallion is a tiny 
red rose. The handles of the various pieces are in gold. The 
set may also be had with pink or yellow bands instead of the 
lavender. This is an excellent idea for the woman who entertains 
her guests by letting them entertain themselves, or who would do 
away with the solemn, high, all-lhe-family-must-be-present break- 
fasts characteristic of a previous generation. $30 




1 rees in this neglected condition necessitate immediate 
attention. To prevent further decay first clean out stump 



Cut off the small branches surrounding the stump and 
see that the decayed edges are cut away 



Then fill the hole with cement and paint the stump of 
the branches to preserve the sap 



Garden Suggestions and Queries 

- i 

CONDUCTED BY F. F. ROCKWELL 

The Editor will be glad to answer subscribers' questions pertaining to individual problems connected with the gardens and grounds. When a direct 
personal reply is desired, please enclose a self-addressed stamped envelope 



First Call for Fall Planting 
T T NDOUBTEDLY, the biggest oppor- 
\~) tunity the average gardener misses 
is that of fall planting. There are two 
big reasons for this : the planting fever is 
not "in the air" as it is in the spring, and 
one may seem to be working against 
Nature, rather than with Nature, in plant- 
ing at this season of the year. But this 
is only apparent; in the lives of many 
classes of plants there is a natural lull 
during some six to ten weeks before 
freezing weather, when they have ceased 
growth and are in a more or less, dormant 
condition, and consequently just right for 
planting out, moving or resetting. This 
is particularly true of things which bloom 
early in the spring and which, if shifted 
at that time, are apt to lose a season's 
bloom. The other reason is that, while 
the policy of procrastination is undesir- 
able in the spring, it is fatal in the fall. 

For most things October is the best 
month to plant in but the gardener who 
has not his plans definitely made and his 
stock ordered in September is likely to 
"get left" altogether or be so late with 
his work that the crops will not be satis- 
factory for which, of course, he blames 
the person who advised him to plant in 
the fall and resolves never to attempt it 
hereafter. 

The things which should be set out this 
fall are the deciduous shrubs, the coni- 
ferous and broad-leaved evergreens, pro- 
vided they are done at once, the hardy 
perennials, deciduous shade trees and 



fruit trees, with the exception of the 
pome fruits, and the thin-skinned trees, 
such as birch and peach, the rugosa 
and the hardiest climbing roses, and, 
among seeds, the hardiest annuals and 
perennials for wintering over in frames, 
and, just before hard frost, sweet peas 
for coming up early in the spring. Among 
vegetables, the asparagus, rhubarb and 
sea-kale may be set out now with advan- 
tage; the sooner they can be got in, the 
better, as the more firmly they can be- 
come established in their new quarters be- 
fore freezing weather the surer will be 
flic success of the planting. 

In ordering shrubs, and especially ever- 
greens, it is well, if possible, to make a 
personal visit to the nursery when select- 
ing your stock. This method has two' 
decided advantages over ordering by mail 
"sight unseen ;" in the first place, indi- 
vidual specimens vary so greatly that the 
real difference in value of the two or three 
plants out of a large-sized stock is two or 
three times as great as that of the average. 
A symmetrical tree with a good, straight 
leader will be an ornament and a satis- 
faction from the start. One which may 
take several years to "get straightened 
out" (nearly all of the evergreens are 
propagated from branch cuttings and do 
not start like seedling plants) will prove, 
temporarily at least, a source of annoy- 
ance and will probably never make as 
good a specimen. Furthermore, an actual 
sight of the various shrubs and trees, es- 
pecially the coniferous evergreens with 



the so-called blue, silver, golden and other 
colored foliage, unless you are already 
familiar with them, will give a much more 
definite knowledge of their desirability 
for different purposes than all the reading 
of catalogs. Do not visit a nursery, how- 
ever, without a pretty definite plan of 
what you want to plant and, incidentally, 
of what you want to spend ! 

GET THE FRAMES IN SHAPE Now 

One of the most important jobs for 
this month is to make ready your cold- 
frames and the materials for the hotbed, 
if you are going to have one through the 
winter, so that at the end of the month 
they will be ready to receive lettuce plants, 
radishes, spinach, pansies, half-hardy 
perennials and other things which may be 
successfully grown or carried through the 
winter. In this connection the greatest 
advantage of the double-glassed sash with 
the cold air spaces should be emphasized ; 
even if you already have a number of the 
standard types, get two or three of these 
for your winter use. 

For lettuce the soil can hardly be made 
too rich, provided the right materials are 
used well-rotted horse manure, if it can 
be had, otherwise prepared horse or sheep 
manure and fertilizer rich in nitrogen. 
The radishes will be helped by a generous 
application of land plaster. The frames 
which are to be used for planting next 
spring may be heavily manured this fall. 
It will save doing the work then, and the 
soil will be in better condition than if it 



SKI-TEMBER, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



43 



were freshly manured in the spring. If 
the frames are made of wood and are 
getting old, several years of service may 
be added to them by getting a good, 
heavy, stone surface roofing paper, cut- 
ting it into strips of the right width and 
nailing it on securely either outside or in. 
In repairing and making tight old sash, 
you will find liquid putty much easier to 
use and more satisfactory in its results 
than the ordinary putty. Instead of cak- 
ing hard, it forms a tough skin over the 
surface, the inside remaining plastic, so 
that it does not get cracked and jarred 
off in moving the sash about. Keeping 
the sash thoroughly painted is the best life 
insurance you can provide for them. 

FALL CARE OF THE LAWN 
Another time-saving spring job, which 
can be done as well or better now, is the 
repairing of ragged lawns or even the 
making of new ones. If the lawn made 
last spring has not been wholly success- 
ful, or if the summer has proved too much 
for it, the repairs should be made now, 
so that the new plants will have time to 
become thoroughly established before 
freezing weather. Bare spots should be 
gone over thoroughly with a steel rake, 
fertilized and seed sown thickly and 
rolled in. If the weather is dry, water 
copiously until it is well up. A mixture 
of pulverized sheep manure, good garden 
loam or rotted sod, and hydrated lime 
slacked for a week or two and then spread 
on as a top dressing is very effective. To 
a bushel of the loam or sod add about five 
pounds of lime and one to three quarts 
of pulverized manure. The naturally pre- 
pared humus, which can now be bought 
by the hundred pounds at a reasonable 
price, is particularly effective for warm 
treatment, as it contains not only the 
plant foods that are needed but also 
serves as a moisture-retaining mulch, 
which is beneficial to either sandy or 
heavy soils. Heavy rolling after sowing 
the seed is one of the most important 
factors in getting a "good stand." The 
mixture described above can also be used 
for filling in slight depressions or un- 
evenness in the lawn surface. 

DOCTOR YOUR TREES AND SHRUBS Now 

Another job which should be attended 

to before the ravages of winter again set 



in is getting your trees and shrubs into 
shape. On even the small place with only 
a few trees, careful search will usually 
reveal a number of cavities or more or 
less decayed spots which should be 
treated. In doctoring old wounds, the 
first thing is to cut away ruthlessly every- 
thing until sound wood, both about the 
mouth of the cavity and in its interior, 
has been reached. Then treat the tree 
thoroughly with creosote or special tree 
paint, which is not expensive. When this 
has dried, make a mixture of concrete, 
using one part of cement to two or three 
of sand. Cavities that open on the side 
of a trunk or limb can be filled smooth 
by placing a collar of stiff paper onto them 
and around the trunk or limb to hold the 
concrete in place until dry. Any bark or 
wood on the surface injured during the 
process should be painted over. 

All shrubs should be gone over to be 
cut into symmetrical shape. But those 
which bloom during the early summer 
should not be pruned until just after flow- 
ering next year. The others may be cut 
back now as much as desired and old wood 
that has begun to crowd the new growth 
or branches that have become diseased or 
injured should be cut out back to the 
ground. Shrubs growing close together 
in the border will not need as much at- 
tention in the way of pruning as individual 
specimens about the house or on the lawn. 

FALL CARE OF ASPARAGUS, RHUBARB AND 

STRAWBERRY BEDS 

The yield of plants of asparagus, rhu- 
barb and sea-kale will depend almost en- 
tirely on the growth made during late 
summer and fall, which store up energy 
in the roots for next year's early growth. 
If they have not been fertilized during 
the summer, give a good dressing of well- 
rotted manure or chemical fertilizer now, 
working it into the soil thoroughly. The 
asparagus tops should be watched for the 
appearance of the asparagus beetle, which 
can be controlled by spraying with arsenate 
of lead if taken in time. If the tops are 
very badly attacked, or if rust sets in, the 
tops can be mowed off close to the ground 
and burned. Next year, as soon as 
through cutting, keep them thoroughly 
sprayed. A surface mulch of rotted 
manure will be of benefit, especially if the 
season is dry. From now on the straw- 



berry bed, either new or old, should be 
kept well cultivated and free of weeds up 
to the very end of the season. Plants 
grown by the "hill" system should be 
watched carefully and all runners cut off 
as soon as they start. Some varieties 
which are very prolific in throwing run- 
ners should also be checked as soon as 
they have started enough plants to fill in 
the rows satisfactorily where the "matted" 
row system is used. The plants should 
not stand closer than 6" or more for 
strong-growing varieties. 

TAKE PART IN YOUR LOCAL FAIR OR 
EXHBITION 

The success of the flower and vegetable 
gardens in your locality depends, to a 
large extent, upon the co-operation of in- 
dividual gardeners as well as upon their 
personal efforts. The interest created and 
the value of new ideas and suggestions 
received at your local fair or exhibition 
are garden assets worth while to justify 
any time and trouble you may be put to 
in actively participating in them. Join 
your local society ! The small amount of 
money invested will probably be repaid 
several times over in the actual improve- 
ment and increase in your flowers or veg- 
etables, to say nothing of the other ad- 
vantages to be derived. By all means 
plan to exhibit yourself, even if you can 
take but one or two things ; and even if 
you feel pretty sure that you cannot cap- 
ture a blue ribbon, do the best you can 
this year to make sure of winning some 
another season. Mere size does not al- 
ways bring first prize. In selecting vege- 
tables, use the specimens which are 
smoothest, most uniform in size and most 
typical of the variety, rather than the 
largest. Attractive appearance always 
helps to impress the judges favorably 
in fact, in many cases a definite number 
of points is allowed for "attractiveness of 
display." Trimming with tissue paper, 
foliage or flowers often requires but a few 
minutes' work and adds very greatly to 
the appearance of an exhibit, but, of 
course, it should not be overdone. In 
staging flowers be sure not to crowd them. 
A few blooms, artistically arranged in a 
holder, can be seen to much greater ad- 
vantage than several times that number 
crowded into the same space. 




Lxhibit at your local 
fair! This section of 
onions shows how lo 
classify and arrange 
them 




E DI TORI AL 




WOMEN AND GARDEN COLOR In the recent issue of a 
SCHEMES A REPLY British gardening periodi- 

cal, a reviewer, writing of 

a certain American book on flower culture, takes exception to 
the tendency American women have for planting their gardens 
according to a color scheme. His main objection is that the 
color scheme is not Nature's way, and that it is not an artistic 
way. "I never saw a color scheme in the Alpine meadows or 
in the Jura woods or among the California hills," he says. "If 
we go to the best English gardens we see nothing of the kind 
at Nymans, or Borde Hill or Betton and many others." 

To this we might reply that we have 
never seen in Nature such topiary work 
as that at Trewogey in Cornwall, where 
the yews are clipped after the fashion 
of chocolate drops in an August sun, 
nor such beds as there are at Castle 
Ashby in Northamptonshire, nor such 
pools as can be found at Branham Park 
in Yorkshire. 

While this reply may seem to beg the 
question, the reviewer has, for his part, 
mixed his terms. Before one considers 
the subject of gardens and gardening 
he must first make the distinction be- 
tween man's way in the garden and 
Nature's way. 

Nature's way is a wild way ; it is 
unrestrained, arbitrary, seemingly re- 
gardless of law or order. Nature 
abhors a straight line, according to the 
Brownian school. Man's way, on the 
other hand, is more the way of the 
straight line, of geometrical exactness, 
of planting for a preconceived effect of 
succession. 

When man began to tame the wild garden he introduced into 
it his vagaries of straight line and color scheming, and thus, 
according to the gardener's fashion of reckoning progress, the 
first mark of civilization was the use of such architectural for- 
mality and exactness in the garden as would express his way 
of doing things, of such order in arrangement and planting as 
would tend to greater productivity and ease of cultivation. 

Doubtless these changes first saw permanence in the work of 
Egyptians, whose gardens, if we can depend upon contemporary 
pictures scrawled on the walls of tombs, consisted of a parallelo- 
gram entered through a great portal and enclosed by a wall. 
Vines were trained along rafters supported by pillars, much in 
the fashion of our present-day pergolas. Beside these were 
straight walks, palm alleys and pools, geometrically square and 
correct. 

Dipping into some of the ancient gardening books, we find that 
man pursued his wilful course against Nature's way from the 
earliest times. Xenophon tells us how Lysander, when Cyrus 
showed him "The Paradise of Sardis," was "struck with admira- 
tion for the beauty of the trees, the regularity of their planting, 
the evenness of their rows and their making regular angles one 
to another." 

Roman gardens of the Republican Period, although compara- 
tively simple and largely used for the skilful and profitable growth 



To the Readers of HOUSE AND GARDEN: 

We beg to direct your attention to an an- 
nouncement to be found on page 64 of this issue 
of HOUSE AND GARDEN. There, in detail, is 
set forth the fact of those changes, which, in the 
future, will make HOUSE AND GARDEN of even 
greater inspiration and service than it has proven 
to the thousands of readers who have sought its 
pages in the past fourteen years of its history. 
In that time HOUSE AND GARDEN has grown 
from a magazine of 24 pages, limited and local 
in appeal, to a publication serving every type of 
man and woman in every section of America 
who is interested in better houses and better 
gardens. At this juncture, incorporating Ameri- 
can Homes and Gardens the oldest of those 
publications devoted to house building, house 
furnishing and gardening the amalgamation of 
forces will afford the readers of HOUSE AND 
GARDEN greater opportunity to avail themselves 
of our services, and a more diversified interest. 



of fruit and vegetables, were based on a design that was purely 
formal in character. Cato ruled that gardens in or near the 
city should be "ornamented with all possible care." The younger 
Pliny also speaks of his porticos and terraces, his fountains and 
statues, his trim, open parterre and shady alleys of palm and 
cypress sheer artifices all of them: man working out a pre- 
conceived plan for Nature to follow. 

The same fundamental reasons for formalism can be applied 
in defense of color schemes in the garden, against which our 
English reviewer would rail. For, remember, there is no logical 
comparison between the nature-grown garden and the man-made, 

between the riots of color and curve 
that Nature produces and the subtly 
planned effects that man works out, 
save we base it on the fundamental dif- 
ferences between man's way and Na- 
ture's way. 

The color scheme is an expression of 
individuality an imposing of one's in- 
dividuality on Nature and it is just 
as logical for a woman to express her 
personality in her garden as to express 
it in her frocks or the decoration of 
her rooms. Moreover, the color scheme 
is a higher expression of personality 
than is formalism. In the majority of 
cases strict formality is a pose, a with- 
holding of the genuine personality, just 
as is all posing. To plan and plant and 
bring to burgeoning beauty a color 
scheme is nothing more than express- 
ing those genuine though unaccount- 
able verities and vagaries of person- 
ality for which men and women are 
loved and respected. 

A case in point is to be found on the 

pages of this present issue of HOUSE AND GARDEN in the article 
entitled "A Pink Garden of Individuality." Now, we have never 
laid mortal eye on the woman who made this garden. All we 
know of her is that she is young, that she had a penchant for 
white and pink, and that she planted her garden so that there 
would be a general succession of blossoms in these shades. 
Read the article and note her methods. Simple methods, on the 
whole. When you shall have finished the story you will know 
that a woman with a distinctly pink-and-white personality con- 
ceived and made that garden. You've read her personality in 
her garden ! She has expressed that personality, not because it 
is the fashion to have pink-and-white gardens, but because 
caprice dominates when a woman expresses her personality. 

Our British reviewer should take courage in the feminine 
American garden color schemes. It is an earnest for better things. 
For other English writers have said of American women that 
they are not naturally individualistic. They follow the leader. 
If the leader wears a taffeta skirt with scallops, every woman from 
Maine to Texas will want a taffeta skirt with scallops. British 
women, they claim, are quite the opposite. They have the 
courage of their convictions in clothes at least, whatever the 
effect. Is it not a welcome sign, then, when American women 
begin to express individuality, even if it be through the medium 
of color schemes in the garden? 



44 



SKITKMISKK, 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



45 



There are Specialists and Specialists 



From Maine to California the 
supremacy of our Peonies is estab- 
lished, and we have almost doubled 
our capacity to meet the enormous 
demand upon us. Scores of letters 
like these explain it: 

From Philadelphia "Really, I do not know how 
to adequately express my feelings in the matter 
of the roots that came today. They are so dis- 
proportionately greater than any I have ever 
received before from other growers that I sin- 
cerely regret that I did not know of you before." 

From Chicago "The Peonies arrived in excel- 
lent condition. I had previously bought from 
four different growers, and was astonished at 
the size of the roots you sent. They are really 
not roots but clumps." 

From Sparkhill, N. Y. "If buyers knew the 
kind of stock you send out as compared with 
plants sent out by other growers, you could not 
grow enough stock to 611 your orders. Actually, 
your plants are about as heavy as some from 
that have been planted two years." 



Those of you who know us. have pretty 
<-ll made up your minds about the 
Peony situation and about us. To those 
of you who do not know us, we've a 
little story to tell about the upsetting of 
traditions the little "revolution" we've 
been engineering for ten years now. 



WE GROW PEONIES 
-NOTHING ELSE 

"OUR REPUTATION HAS BEEN BUILT ON THE QUALITY OF OUR STOCK" 
and they cost no more from us 



DISTINCTIVE CATALOG NOW READY 



Mohican Peony Gardens,?* Sinking Spring, Penn'a 







f 



209 E. Fayette St., Baltimore, Md., July 8, 1915. 

It is, of course, unnecessary to apeak in praise of your peony roots 
or your treatment of your customers. It is a pleasure to deal with 

"ii, and I hope your business will continue to grow as it deserves. 

wasted quite a neat sum of money in buying peonies from other 
dealers before I heard of you, and your plants outstrip them com- 
pletely. And then, too, the others were often not true to name. 

F. H. BARCLAY. 

Picatinny Arsenal, Dover, N. J., Oct. 2, 1914 

Peonies received along with lots from four other growers. I 
ordered from the others for the experience, and now have the ex- 
perience. There is no comparison whatever between yours and 
theirs. 

J. C. NICHOLLS. 



Peterson's Perfect Peonies 

" QUALITY FIRST " 

This fall you must heed the call of The King of the Garden 
the grandest, most glorious flower of them all. 

"PETERSON PEONIES" are world-famed the standard 
by which others are judged; and when you do plant, why not 
plant the best? 

They're the result of 22 years of enthusiastic yes, loving 
devotion. For 11 years, my time the year round, without any 
other business interest (true specializing), has been exclu- 
sively devoted to this flower and the Rose. 

Much is put into my roots so that you may get much out of 
them and get it without waiting. 

Come now! let me make a Peony enthusiast of you. Let me 
send you my Royal Collection of 12 varieties; one year old roots, 
$7.50; two year old roots, $13, and if this does not prove far- 
and-away the most delightful and satisfactory floral invest- 
ment you have ever made, your money back for the asking. 

"THE FLOWER BEAUTIFUL", 

my annual Peony catalogue, its quality reflecting the quality 
of my stock, is yours for the asking. 

* GEORGE H. PETERSON 



Rose and Peony Specialist 



Box 30, Fair Lawn, N. J. 



hi -writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEX. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



Paint serves two ends: it protects the house 
and improves its looks. The appeal is to your 
pocketbook and to your pride. One ingre- 
dient added to paint will serve both these 
purposes. That ingredient is 

Stipulate this to the painter who is going to 
get the job. 

We have three books discussing Zinc from the three view- 
points of the parties most concerned. 

For House Owner: "Your Move" 
For Architects: "One of Your Problems" 
For Painters: "Zinc that Made a Painter Rich" 
Ask for yours. Sent free. 

The New Jersey Zinc Company 

Room 412, 55 Wall Street, New York 
For big contract jobs consult our Research Bureau 



Note the pleasing effect ob- 
tained with "CREO-DIPT" 
Stained Shingles one color 
on roof; another on side walls. 



Most Artistic . . . yet inexpensive 

If you would make your "dream home" come true, study 
the unique artistic effects you can secure by using 

r* ft IT f\ T\ r >HT* STAINED 

^ JK 1L I/* 1J 1 1* 1 SHINGLES 

17 Grades 16, 18, 24-inch 

The best cedar shingles stained by special preservative process 

giving 30 different soft-toned colors. 

They are rot, decay, worm and weather-proof. Cheaper than 

brush-coated or shingles stained on the job and they last twice 

as long. All perfect shingles, ready to lay with 

absolutely no waste. 

Send for Sample of Colors on wood and book picturing 

89 beautiful homes all over the U. S. When writing, 

name of architect or lumber dealer would be appreciated. 

Insist! Any good Lumber Dealer can supply you. 

Standard Stained Shingle Co., 1012 Oliver St., N. Tonawanda, N Y Home of J. R. Corrigan, Manor Park, Lakewood, Ohio. 
(Factory in Chicngo for Western Trade) Architects The John Henry Newson Co.. Cleveland. 




A Pink Garden of Individuality 

(Continued from page 31) 

distinctive feature is its long buds and the 
freedom with which they are borne. My 
Maryland has not proved a success here, 
but that is not saying anything against 
this famous rose. The much-lauded Lyon 
rose has also proved disappointing. A new 
rose in this garden which has been entirely 
satisfactory is the Farbedkonigen, the 
name meaning Queen of Colors, which 
is a delightful imperial pink. Dean Hole 
is always satisfactory. The only fault one 
can find with their immense, deep flowers 
is that there are never enough to satisfy 
us. However, they are well worth waiting 
for. When one considers that the hybrid 
tea roses are as fine as can be grown, that 
they begin blooming almost as soon as 
a cutting is rooted, that they keep up the 
show till after heavy frost and are hardy 
enough to withstand our severe winters, 
why are they not more generally grown? 

Annuals and biennials are largely used 
as fillers, and as one of the characteristics 
of this young gardener is to raise all the 
plants she uses from seed, in late winter 
and early spring the windows of her home 
are filled with boxes of seedlings in vari- 
ous stages of development. 

One of the new things being tried this 
year is perennial pentstemon. So far as 
I know this has never been grown in our 
vicinity and thoughts of the wonderful 
possibilities wrapped up in those lusty 
clumps of pentstemon will shorten many 
a bleak winter's day. Canterbury bells are 
featured here, and are set in single clumps 
and masses wherever there is space. By 
removing the blossoms as soon as faded 
they are kept in bloom all summer. The 
variety used is always the same single 
pink and white, Campanula medium. 

Snapdragons treated as annuals share 
the honors with the Canterbury bells. And 
how lovely they are, how clear the color, 
how enduring and self-reliant! What a 
garden picture they do make, even after 
the hardy chrysanthemums are frozen ! 
I thought I was familiar with snapdra- 
gons, but when I saw the large rosy spikes 
of one swaying several inches above a six- 
foot vine trellis I thought I knew but little 
about them, after all. 

Conspicuous among the annuals is the 
petunia, which has been greatly improved 
within the past few years. It is one of 
the hardiest and most easily grown of all 
our border plants. It will endure scorch- 
ing summer sun and early frosts with 
equal cheerfulness. The variety used here 
was raised from seed of the California 
Giant, which is remarkable for its size and 
the profusion with which its richly per- 
fumed flowers are borne, many of them 
having beautifully ruffled edges and 
throats of gold. The possibilities of 
perennial phlox are fully appreciated here. 
Phlox means a flame, and a veritable flame 
it is in some gardens, but not here, as 



In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



SKITKM I:KK, 



HOUSK AND GARDKN 



47 



flame color is taboo in this garden of 
delight. But oh ! the profusion of im- 
mense panicles of lovely rose, tender 
salmon pink, and pink and white ringed 
and suffused, as well as clear white filling 
the garden with bloom till late September. 
Then with the Michaelmas daisy and 
hardy chrysanthemum the long procession 
of flowers ends. 



The Naturalistic Arrangement of a 

City Property 
(Continued from page 20) 

Between these promontories are shrub- 
beries with a background of flowering 
trees like the various magnolias, the native 
thorns, dogwoods and fringe trees, which 
give a succession of spring bloom. The 
cup-shaped magnolia flowers, the abund- 
ant clusters of small hawthorn blossoms, 
the large bracts of the dogwood and the 
great, white panicles of the fringe tree ; 
each has a striking and distinctive char- 
acter. . 

The shrubberies of the bays start with 
Lonicera fragrantissima, the fragrant 
bush honeysuckle, placed next to the rho- 
dodendrons because its almost evergreen 
foliage looks well next to broad-leaved 
evergreens. Its very early blossoms, com- 
ing the first week in April, are pleasant 
to have near the house. Next to them is 
placed a mass of peonies. These and the 
hybrid rhododendrons, blooming at the 
same time, make a wonderfully rich dis- 
play in June. Near the dogwoods the flat- 
branched, coarsed-Ieaved Viburnum to- 
mentosum, the single Japanese snowball, 
and the finely divided cut-leaved sumac 
make an effective contrast. Farther on, 
barberries have a value near Finns nmgho 
and dwarf arbor vita?. 

Plants with delicate leafage like the cut- 
leaved sumac, or of striking structures 
like the Viburnum tomcntosum, plants 
with unusual shapes like the round-headed 
Pinus mttgho, or distinctive character like 
the cedars and arbor vitae, have a value in 
varying the appearance of the boundary, 
and in that way prolonging the interest in 
the border. In thus accentuating the char- 
acter of individual plants they must not 
be overemphasized at the expense of 
spoiling the continuity and harmony of 
the plantation. 

At the same time it is possible to de- 
velop a succession of interesting seasonal 
effects. The border changes in appear- 
ance almost every week in a kind of 
magical sequence as flowers appear one 
after another, as foliage develops and 
turns to bright colors, and berries mature. 
And even in the winter every shrub and 
tree has a distinctive character displayed 
in structure, color of branches and fruit. 
Besides, a harmonious blending of de- 
ciduous material with evergreen gives 
charming effects to winter lawns. 

The narcissus lawn has a character 
quite distinct from the south lawn. The 
differentiation is obtained through the use 
of other plant material arranged from a 




AS GOOD AS IT LOOKS! 

The No. 374 Night Latch has the strength and security it appears to have. The heavy cast case: the long, broad 
latch bolt; the positive stop action; the lively, easy spring; the highly polished bronze knob with knurled rim; the 
Corbin ball bearing cylinder all appeal to the man who wants security. The method of attachment which elimi- 
nates screws in the top of the case is a distinguishing feature of merit. The solidity of it and the finish of it both 
tell of quality and reliability. This is one night latch of a large and varied line sold by the best hardware dealer*. 

P. & F. CORBIN 

The American Hardware Corporation Successor 

NEW BRITAIN, CONN. 
NEW YORK CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA 




On Warm Days when the Coolness of (he Darkened 
Room is most appreciated 

think of the convenience and comfort of just stepping to the 
window casement and by the simple turn of a handle, close in the 
shutters to the desired angle, locking them in place. You can 
do this, without raising the screen or window if you have the 

MALLORY SHUTTER WORKER 

Finished to harmonize with the woodwork. 

Ask your hardware dealer or carpenter. 

The Hule MALLORY Booklet sent on rrtuat 

Mallory Manufacturing Co. 



255 Main Street 



Flemington, N. J. 



In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GAKDEN. 



48 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 





"LJERRINGBONE stands off big and petty losses. A house of 
A J- stucco over Herringbone is fire resisting, economical, durable 
requires no painting nor repairs. 



I 




Rigid Metal Lath 

holds stucco and plaster prevents cracks, falling or discoloration. 
A Herringbone house is warm in winter, cool in summer. Defies 
any climate or weather. Costs but little more than a wooden house. 
For excessively damp climates or places where lath is particularly 
subject to rust or corrosion use Herringbone Armco Iron Lath of 
the purest, most rust-resisting iron made. 



" The House that Father Built " 

is a wonderful book if you want a home that resists fire, decay 
and time. Full of beautiful Herringbone houses. Also contains 
plans by leading architects. Mention your architect's name in 
writing and we will gladly cooperate with him. 

The General Fireproofing Company 

1390 Logan Avenue 
Youngstown, O. 

Maker! aim of Self-Stnterins tht 

concrete reinforcement that maitH 

fermi unnecenary 



w 



"\ 




A Handsome Color-Combination 

The roofs of this house are stained 
with the light moss-green shade of 

Cabot's Creosote Shingle Stains 

and the walls are finished in the soft, brilliant white of Cabot's 
Old Virginia White. The contrast is rich and beautiful and the 
effect will be lastingly satisfactory. The merits of Cabot's 
Stains are known all over this country and in many other lands 
and the clean, cool "whitewash effect" of the Old Virginia White 
is a delight to artistic people who dislike "painty" colors. Low 
priced, easy to apply, wood-preserving. 

You can get Cabot's Stains all over the country. Send 
for stained wood samples and name of nearest agent. 

SAMUEL CABOT, Inc., Mfg. Chemists 

11 Oliver Street Boston, Mass. 




Finished with Cabot's Cresotc Shingle 
Virginia VMK. Milton H. McGuire, 



Stains and Old 
Architect, N.Y. 



different point of view. The shrubbery 
inside the path and skirting the lawn at 
intervals is composed of all kinds of 
shrubs of a gardenesque character, like 
Forsythia suspensa, Spiraea thunbcrgii, 
Weigela Eva Rathke, Spiraea ran Hout- 
tei, Deutzia Pride of Rochester and Spi- 
raea Anthony Waterer, which give a suc- 
cession of bloom from March to July. On 
the other side of the path, in the boundary 
plantation, shrubs with interesting fruit 
and winter color predominate. 

Near the white pines of the south lawn 
enclosure the border starts with Aralia 
spinosa. Its host of blackberries follow 
immediately after great panicles of white 
flowers. Next is a group of privet with 
black winter berries and Elaeagnus angus- 
tifolia with silvery fruit. Viburnum tomen- 
tostim, Viburnum lentago and Viburnum 
opulus begin the south boundary. Each 
variety has striking, large, white flower 
clusters, but they are especially distin- 
guished for the wonderful color of their 
autumn foliage and the brilliancy of their 
red fruit. The bush honeysuckles, 
Lonicera tatarica and L. morroun, which 
are interplanted with them, produce deli- 
cate, translucent berries, some yellow, 
some orange, some red, which mature 
early in July. Next are groups of Indian 
currants and snowberries. They are 
small, graceful shrubs, but inconspicuous 
until the fall brings forth their interesting 
berries, one small coral red in heavy clus- 
ters on drooping branches, the others 
round and white on long pendants. Next 
comes a group of buckthorn, a garden 
favorite of a hundred years ago, with 
shining black fruit, then the common bar- 
berry with scarlet berries, then the winter- 
berry, Ilex verticillata. This is a very 
modest, retiring plant until winter arrives 
and then its small berries clinging close 
to the stem are the most brilliant of all 
the winter fruits. On the east boundary 
are yellow root with interesting autumn 
foliage, black-berried elders, another July 
fruiting shrub, and Cornus stolonifcra 
with conspicuous red stems during the 
winter time. 

This collection of berry-bearing shrubs 
produces color effects which make a won- 
derful winter garden quite independent 
of evergreens. Though it is interesting 
at other times, the bright color and the 
individuality of each fruit stimulate a 
special little trip through the garden in 
all kinds of autumn and winter weather. 

The wild garden has an individuality, 
again, quite different. It is decidedly in- 
formal in character, irregular in planting 
and unusual in shape. The little boulder- 
edged pond has given the incentive to 
compose this planting of water-loving 
plants, plants of a rock-garden character 
and such that will make good pictures 
when reflected in the water. 

In the pond water lilies are growing. 
Immediately on the edge are azaleas in 
vivid scarlet, yellow and orange tints, made 
doubly bright by the reflection. There are 



In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



SKITKMUKK, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



49 



also groups of Japanese iris, yellow day 
lilies and ornamental grasses. All these 
have interesting sheathlike foliage appro- 
priate at the water's edge. On the other 
side of the stepping-stone path, which 
bounds this planting, are cedars in a mass, 
just as they grow naturally on hillsides. 
The ground between is covered with all 
kinds of rock plants, white rock cress, 
Arabis alpina, dark violet Aubretia, snowy 
candytuft, white Cerastium and blue 
Phlox divaricata. They flower throughout 
the spring and afterwards their varied 
foliage, the grey tufts of Arabis, the sil- 
very tone to the Cerastium, the dark 
leaves of the candytuft and the grey of 
Aubretia are as interesting as the flowers. 
A few yuccas are interspersed with the 
cedars for striking midsummer effect. 
Back of the cedars roses are planted the 
lovely Rosa spinosissima, the Rosa multi- 
flora and Rosa setigera with long, arching 
branches, and Rosa unchuraiana, which 
clothe the ground with long streamers. 
In early summer the wealth of single pink 
and white flowers is offset by the dark 
green of the cedars, in winter they are 
again a decorative feature when the rose 
hips are contrasted against the evergreens. 
Each subdivision has a distinct indivi- 
duality brought out by an interesting 
diversity in shape, character and plant 
material, upon which most of the charm 
of the place depends. There is, however, 
a unifying element of informality through- 
out the design. 



A Colonial House Restored in 
Fabric and Spirit 

(Continued from page 27) 

plot with a sun-dial, surrounded by roses 
and iris. In June, when the photographs 
were taken, the rose trellises were all in 
full bloom, and peonies, columbines, 
bleeding hearts, candytuft, garden helio- 
trope, larkspurs and many kinds of iris 
blooming in the borders made gay the 
garden, yet this was only a suggestion of 
the bloom that had gone before and the 
bloom that was still to come. 



The Balance Sheet of An Orchard 

(Continued from page 37) 

must be overcome. For a time it may be 
charged against development, but nothing 
can be left in that account an instant 
longer than is necessary. 

In part, we may find the answer in 
No. 3 (grain for live stock), for at the 
barn door we have a steady retail market 
for grain, and one which can be increased 
at will by additional cows or chickens. If 
the men are used to raise this feed on the 
place, that much outgo of money is saved. 
In part, we may find the answer in culti- 
vating such crops as will not interfere with 



Easy to Have a Gardenful of Flowers 

Next Easter 

EASTER in 1916 comes on April 23d, just the time when Hyacinths, Tulips 
and'Narcissus or Daffodils are in full bloom out-of-doors in this latitude, offering 
an unusual opportunity to have a glorious show of flowers to those who plant any 
of these bulbs this Autumn. 

A hundred Hyacinths or Narcissus, or 150 Tulips will fill a bed 6 feet in 
diameter. We recommend any of the following, or send for our Autumn Cata- 
logue and make your own selection. This catalogue contains a complete list of 
all the Bulbs, Plants and Seeds, which may be planted this Fall. Copies free on 
application. 

Per Doz. Per 100 

Hyacinths, " Popular " mixture, in separate colors $0.45 $3.00 

" Rainbow " mixture, in separate colors 55 4.00 

Select 2nd Size, named sorts 70 5.00 

Extra Selected, 1st Size, named sorts 1.00 7.00 



Tulips, Artus. Fine scarlet 

Belle Alliance. Rich scarlet 

Chrysolora. Pure yellow 

Cottage Maid. Pink and white 

Duchesse de Parma. Orange scarlet 

Kaiser Kroon. Red, bordered gold 

La Reine. White 

Proserpine. Satiny rose 

Superb Mixture. All colors, $10.00 per 1,000. . . 

Narcissus, Emperor. Giant yellow trumpet 50 2 . 75 

Empress. Giant white and yellow trumpet .50 2 . 75 

Golden Spur. Golden trumpet 35 2.00 

Sir Watkin. Giant Chalice Cup 40 2 . 50 

Barri Conspicuous. Yellow and orange. . .20 1.25 

Poeticus. White, Cup edged red 20 1 . 00 

Mixed. Splendid quality .20 1 . 00 

At the above prices the bulbs are sent by Express, purchaser paying 
charges. If wanted by Parcel Post add 10 per cent, to value of order 
for postage to points east of the Mississippi River, and 20 per cent, to 
points west of the Mississippi River. 

Dreer's " Hints on the Growing of Bulbs," a new book giving 
clear and complete directions for the growing of Spring and Summer 
flowering Bulbs. Price 50 cents per copy, postpaid or sent free to 
those who order bulbs, and ask for it when ordering. 



.20 
.25 
.25 
.25 
.25 
.30 
.20 
.40 
.20 



1.25 
1.75 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 



2.00 
1.25 
2.75 
1.25 



Our Autumn Catalogue sent free on request. 

714-716 Chestnut Street 
Philadelphia, Pa. 



Henry A. Dreer, 




SHEEP MANURE 



PURE SHEEP MANURE dried at a temperature exceeding 
101)0 F. Weed seeds, fungus and bacteria all destroyed makes 
wonderful lawns, gardens, fruit and field crops. Use it this Fall. 
Ask for booklet with prices and freight rates on a bag or carload. 

The Pulverized Manure Co., 25 U.S. Yards, Chicago 

Sold till Garden Supply House! Stertahm 



MATURE'S best and purest fertilizer. 

^ Rich In plant fond Juxt rltfht lor every Wind and 
condition of soil and everything that drows m ,t ,,f ||. 
very atom of Its peculiar organic composition has 
been specially prepared by Nature to dive tha (oil 
all that It need* to make Ihlnijx sVow. 




Baj Equas Whole Wa>n 
Load ot Barn Yard Manure 




In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 




IF you are planning to build a home you will find it to your 
advantage to read this booklet before you decide on the material 
you are going to use. It is beautifully illustrated, full of valuable 
suggestions, and gives a short, concise statement of the merits of 

WHITE PINE 

Three centuries of building in America have proved that no other 
wood so successfully withstands exposure to the weather as 
White Pine. And it is more than simply durable; it holds its place 
perfectly for more than a life-time, without warping or checking or 
opening at the joints. This long and satisfactory service makes it 
the most economical wood for home-building. 

Despite an impression of its scarcity, White Pine is still abundantly available today, 
as it always has been, in any quantity desired. If your lumber dealer is unable to supply 
it, we would appreciate the opportunity of being helpful to you in securing it. Send for 
booklet now. There is no charge for it to prospective home-builders. 



Representing 

The Northern Pine Manufacturers' 
Association of Minnesota, Wisconsin 
and Michigan, and The Associated 
White Pine Manufacturers of Idaho 



Address, WHITE PINE BUREAU, 

1919 Merchants Bank Building, St. Paul, Minn. 



plant for Immediate Effect 

I 'Not for Future- Generations c= 



START with the largest stock 
that can be secured 1 It takes 
over twenty years to grow many 
of the Trees and Shrubs we offer. 



We do the long waiting thus 
enabling you to secure trees and 
shrubs that give immediate results. 
Price List Now Ready. 



>ORR4 HlIRSERIES 

Vftn.Warnr Harper 2 



Cha*nut Hill. 
Phil*. PA. 

Box H 




In writing to advertisers please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



the apple activities and which will find a 
ready sale. But even here I prefer to 
diversify again, and so avoid the off-year. 
The price of potatoes or cabbages may be 
high this season, but below our cost of 
production next. In the long run, they 
may be' profitable, but \ve are looking for 
staple crops, our orchard supplying all 
the speculative features which we care to 
undertake. The barn door provides a 
steady market for all the grain that we 
can well raise. 

The factors with which we have to deal 
are, then: the capabilities of the men, the 
adaptability of the land, the market and 
the dovetailing of these into our present 
seasons of work, for the planting, grow- 
ing, harvesting and marketing of the 
various crops must be .made to fit into a 
perfect mosaic. 

The chief limiting factors are the 
length of haul and the hillside character 
of our land. Just as this compels us to 
raise only high-grade apples, so it directs 
us to raise stuff that can be economically 
hauled or that brings a price which mini- 
mizes this cost. 

While this works against us on things 
which we have to sell, it is a strong argu- 
ment in favor of raising those which we 
now buy, but can raise. Wheat, oats and 
corn can be raised more cheaply in the 
West than they can here, but when the 
carrying charges and the various commis- 
sions (and adulterations) are added, it 
costs us more to buy than to raise them. 

Eggs are a cash crop, and if we wish 
to transform again into cash, this is one 
method by which to do it. A bushel of 
wheat weighs sixty pounds and rarely 
sells for a dollar. Sixty pounds of eggs, 
at 20 cents per dozen, will sell for $9.40. 
As between these two crops the item of 
hauling is nine hundred and forty per 
cent in favor of eggs, and even more as 
the price of eggs rises. 

Sixty pounds of blackberries sell for 
nearly as much as the eggs. There is a 
strong local demand for these berries, 
quite unsatisfied by the wild fruit, yet it 
has never occurred to anyone to cultivate 
blackberries. There are too many people 
in this world who would rather put in 
fifteen hours of time to get something for 
nothing than to get the same thing by 
five hours of real work. The cost of 
blackberries is the picking. When the 
picker has to wander all over the hills to 
gather them he makes only fair day wages, 
but when, because of a minimum of horse 
labor and care, the bushes are kept yielding 
abundantly within a few yards of the 
house a fair-sized revenue at once de- 
velops. 

Strawberries are raised in large quan- 
tities within a few miles of us, but these 
are all shipped to faraway points and the 
local market is left hungry for them. But 
these strawberry farmers are specialists, 
and they must look for the big markets 
or run both a local and a wholesale de- 
partment. Their total income must come 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDKN 



from this small fruit and the local demand 
would not supply it. But with us it is 
only one of many crops, and we are satis- 
fied with the local market because we do 
not do the thing on a large scale. 

A trip to the railroad town is an ex- 
pensive matter for my next-door neighbor 
because he is running a dairy. But we 
make fairly regular trips because we are 
delivering boxes of fancy apples to the 
express office for half the year and now 
\\ c will be delivering small fruits for many 
of the remaining months. We can add a 
bushel or five or ten of potatoes and de- 
liver them as ordered, because we have 
to make the trip on account of apples. 
But my dairy friend cannot. 

The result shows in the balance sheet 
of last year. The season of 1914 was a 
Waterloo for the raisers of potatoes, yet 
because of these advantages which grew 
out of other enterprises we sold ours for a 
small profit. On nearly every trip made 
with apples a few potatoes went along to 
fill a local demand, at the price charged 
by retailers. The difference between re- 
tail and wholesale prices this year was 
so marked that I am now buying selected, 
guaranteed seed potatoes for a few cents 
more a bushel than that at which I sold 
my own crop, admittedly affected with 
dry rot. The potato grower lost money 
this year. I was lucky enough to make it, 
because potatoes were a diversified crop 
with me that happened to fit snugly into 
the scheme of work on this place. 

The average raiser of apples lost money 
this year because he was a specialist in 
markets. We didn't lose because we had 
diversified in marketing. We worked 
every department very thoroughly. My 
special consumer-market responded grati- 
fy ingly, the local trade absorbed its quota, 
and the bulk stuff went to a wholesale 
house that came after it. If we had 
specialized in any one market we would 
have had a sad looking balance sheet. X<> 
one outlet would have carried us through 
without a heavy loss. 

But our eyes are already fixed on next 
year. Our expenses will be heavier for 
both development and operation accounts, 
but our income should more than provide 
for the difference. It may increase four- 
fold, or it may fall below last year's total. 
But the trend is upward and the rapid 
diversification is making for certainty. 

The hardest lesson of all to learn is to 
adjust one's ideas to the farm income, as 
compared with that of the city. The 
banker or the professional man could not 
come to this country and get his ideas 
attuned to the conditions confronting him 
without some severe mental shocks. What 
do \ve know of five-thousand-dollar in- 
comes? \Yhat would we do with one if 
we had it? It would simply be an added 
care and responsibility and take away 
from us a certain independence which we 
now enjoy. On an income of one thousand 
dollars we can live like lords and ladies. 




A Famous Shoe-Print! 




EACH NEW LEE TRAIL 
on road or pavement signifies 
that one more motorist has ob- 
tained deliverence from the commonest 
and worst of tire evils Puncture and 
Blow-out. Fewer tires. Less expense. 
More Mileage. 

PUNCTURE-PROOF 

GUARANTEED 



Look up "Lee Tires" in 
your Telephone Directory 

Distributors in ail 
the Principal Cities 





PNEUMATIC NON-SKID PUNCTURE -PROOF 
Construction Described in New Booklet "V" 

LEE TIRE & RUBBER CO. 

Manufacturers of Rubber Goods Since 188 j 

CONSHOHOCKEN, PENNA, 




Poultry Houne 

Hodgson 
Portable 
Houses 



Club Haute 



Garden Houte 



Artistically designed and finished, made of the most durable materials and 
practical at any time of the year in any climate. Made for innumerable 
purposes. Erection of buildings extremely simple, and can be done by 
unskilled labor in a few hours' time. s*nd for Hiuitrattd catatogu*. 

El" limtf XUV fft /Boom i, u WASHINGTON ST.. BOSTON. MASS, i Addrmi ill corr- 
. r. HUUU5UI1 IU. ICRAFTBMAM BLDO., 6 EAST 29th 8T . HEW YORK, ipond.nc. to Bo.ton 



In writing to advertisers, f-lcase mention Horsp. & GARDES. 



52. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



It Makes 
No Noise! 




"IVTO MATTER how many improvements your 
* ^ closet may have, if it isn't silent it is a con- 
stant source of discomfort. If it's a Si-wel-ck^ it 
will operate so quietly it cannot be heard. 

THE TRENTON POTTERIES COMPANY 

SIWELCLO 

Silent Closet 

It can't be heard because it was designed to be quiet, and 
yet not a single sanitary feature has been neglected. Even 
if its highly glazed surface should be deliberately chipped 
with a hammer, it would still be white and impervious to 
grease and acids. The Si-wel-clo is not too expensive for 
a home costing $4000. 

Architects and Plumbers know and recommend 
the Si-wel-clo and all our other sanitary products. 

Before you decide upon new bathroom fixtures, 
send for booklet R-8, "Bathrooms of Character" 
(shows plans and designs). 

The Trenton Potteries Co., Trenton, N. J., U. S. A. 

" The Largest Makers of Sanitary Pottery in U. S. A." 





This Book 

will help you solve your 
Roofing Problems. 
It will be sent Free 
Postpaid on request, by 

Asphalt Ready Roofing Co. 

Dept. 451 

9 Church St., New York, N.V. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 
HUDSON SHINGLES 



Mathexvs Decorations 

PorcK Lawn C- Garden 



The Mathew. Mfg. Co. 
909 Williammon Bldg. 




Everything that's desirable in outdoor 
craft will be found in our free portfolio of 
Garden Plates. Cool summer houses, at- 
tractive arbors and practical trel- 
lisea and lattices of every conceiv- 
able kind will offer many 
suggestions for the beautifying of 
your property. Send for the port- 
folio today. It's free. 

Bird Baths and Houses 

This practical bird bath will b 
shipped freight paid for $7.00. His 
carefully cant of fim-st concrete 
from a moat practical deaidn which 
la further illustrated in our set of 
Bird House Plates. 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Peonies as a Background for 
Annuals 

(Continued from page 29) 

guard petals, rosy white center with oc- 
casional edging of carmine ; Canari, white 
guard, yellow center; Canadissima, white 
guard, silvery yellow, with green heart, 
early bloomer; Queen Victoria, outer 
white, center shaded to salmon ; Couronne 
d'Or, large, showy white, revealing yel- 
low, very fragrant; Marie Jacquin, flesh 
white, golden stamens, sometimes almost 
single ; Marcelle Dessert, white tinted with 
lilac, large, new, rare are all varieties 
highly to be commended. 

The pink peonies, "so like a rose," vie 
with the queen of flowers itself in delicacy 
of tint and perfume. Their petals pile 
up like sunrise clouds, shading from shell 
to rose with lovely chromatic changes. 
Reine Hortense is considered by some to 
be the finest peony in existence, for it is 
large, evenly colored and reliable of 
growth. M. Jules Elie is also unusually 
large, outer guard petals glossy fresh 
pink, showing darker at its full heart; 
shapely light green leaves. Asa Gray, 
salmon-pink marked with carmine; Philo- 
mele, soft pink outer, center golden yel- 
low touched occasionally with rose, sweet 
perfume; Madame Calot, bright flesh-tint 
guard, center blush deepening to rose, 
large, shapely, profuse bloomer ; La Tulipe, 
flesh shading to white, globular, stiff 
stems ; Madame Chaumy, silky shell pink, 
beautifully formed, fine foliage; Edulis 
superba, rose pink, the first to bloom; 
Ne plus ultra, flesh pink, good for cut- 
tings; L' Indispensable, shell pink, unusu- 
ally large and full, are all well-known 
favorites and come in the first rank with 
most growers because of their depend- 
ableness and beauty. 

Among the red peonies are the Adolphe 
Rousseau, the most brilliant red, borne on 
tall, stiff stems; Eugene Bigot, rich, vel- 
vety crimson; Felix Crousse, flame, ruby 
center, large, very satisfactory : Marechal 
Valliant, drooping in habit, heavy, solid, 
purplish red, blooms late; Marechal Mac- 
Mahon, broad, rich red guards, deep red, 
full, high, strong grower, glossy foliage; 
Rnbra superba, brilliant crimson, late 
bloomer, most satisfactory ; Souvenir du 
Dr. Bretonneau, bright cherry red, unusu- 
ally showy ; Rubens, deep crimson, golden 
stomens, very striking; Rubra triumphans, 
brilliant crimson, rich foliage. 



The house shown on the cover of the 
August issue of HOUSE AND GARDEN, 
about which a great number of subscribers 
have inquired, is the home of Dr. George 
Wyeth at Fieldston, Riverdale, N. Y. 
Dwight J. Baum is the architect. 



SEl'TK.MIiKK, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



Efficiency in the Flower Garden 
(Continued from page 25) 

blooming. If bulbs of the same variety 
and the same grade are used, care being 
taken to plant them all the same depth, 
there will be hardly a day's variation in 
the development of the flowers. Formal 
beds and formal effects have their use. 
Charming results can be achieved with 
them under conditions with which their 
presence will harmonize; but do not cut 
out beds in the middle of the lawn and 
plant in formal designs with hyacinths or 
tulips of contrasting colors. Where the 
treatment of the whole place is informal, 
it will be better to use hyacinths sparingly. 
The Roman hyacinths are quite distinct 
from the others in appearance, and with 
their beautiful little flower spikes are quite 
open and graceful. They may be used 
freely, even in the most informal gardens, 
and be in keeping. 

For general use, tulips are the most 
satisfactory of all the spring-blooming 
bulbs. By a careful selection of types and 
varieties, they will give a succession of 
bloom covering six or eight weeks. While 
they are sometimes used in solid or de- 
signed beds like the hyacinth care being 
taken to select varieties of the same type 
and season of bloom and in making the 
color combinations which may be required 
they are much more pleasing in informal 
or semi-formal planting, in groups or clus- 
ters in the hardy border, along the shrub- 
bery border, or alone in narrow beds or 
for edging, where they may be followed 
by other flowers after their season of 
bloom is over. The development which 
has taken place within the past several 
years has been truly phenomenal, particu- 
larly among the late-flowering sorts, in- 
cluding the Darwin, Dutch Breeder, Rem- 
brandt and Cottage Garden type. You 
have only to compare the catalogs of ten 
years ago with those of the present day 
to see the position of importance which 
the tulip now holds. If I had to be re- 
stricted to the use of a single kind of 
spring-blooming bulb, the tulip would be 
the last to be given up; and, were I fur- 
ther restricted to the use of but a single 
type, the Breeders would be my choice. 
They are like the Darwin, but the colors 
are distinctly different, including many soft 
colors, dull, "self-shaded" artistic tones 
that make them not only beautiful in the 
garden but also particularly valuable for 
cutting. All of the Darwins, in fact, are 
especially appropriate for use inside the 
house, because of their strong stems, long- 
lasting qualities and full, open flowers. 
For a long season of bloom, of course, the 
earlier types should be included in your 
order. 

The hardy lilies are, comparatively, the 
most neglected of all bulbs ; they cost more 
than the spring-blooming bulbs, but most 
of them, if planted under the proper condi- 





QUIET - 
ACTION 
CLOSETS 



IN Mott's Quiet-Action closets 
the embarrassing noise of rush- 
ing and swishing water has been 
reduced to a minimum at the 
same time giving a thorough flush. 

Made in two designs: 

"Silentis" For fourteen years the 
highest type of Water Closet fix- 
ture. Perfected to operate with a 
minimum of noise. It has a large 
bowl of the finest vitreous china 
ware, extra large seat and a gas- 
proof, metal to metal connection 
with soil pipe. 

"Silentum" A quiet-action closet 
of moderate cost. Vitreous china 
bowl and tank. Strongly made to 
give years of satisfactory service. 

A new illustrated booklet giving 
full description and prices of 
Mott's Quiet-Action Closets will 
be sent free on request. 

Write for Motfs 113 page "Bathroom Booklet" 
descriptive of modern plumbing fixtures miJ 
accessories. Sent on receipt of four cents postage. 

THE J. L. MOTT IRON WORKS 

182$ Eighljr-uvtnjtart of Sufrtmaey te/lj 

Fifth Avenue and iyth Street, New York 



IBorton . 41 Ped St. Cor. Franklin 
Pituburgh . . . People. Buildinf 

tChicago . 104 S. Michigan Ave. 
Minneapolil . Buildet'i Exchange 
Allan!., Peten Bldg. 7 P.achtree St. 

tPhil.delphia . . l006FabeitSl. 
Se.ttle ... 406 While Building 
Cleveland . 646 Leader-New. Bldg. 

^Detroit .... Penobacol Bldg. 
De. Moinea, 205-209 W. Court Ave. 



IToledo . . 430.434 Huron St 
Portland. Ore. . Sherlock Bid,. 

1 Wa.h. 6. C. . Woodward Bid,! 
NewOlewu, 8 1 4 Maiaoo- Blanche 
Denver . . . I834 Blake St. 
I 35 Kearney St 

kSrsS 

1 34 Blcury St. 



tSn FrancMco . 
tSt. Lotm . . 

K ni City . 
fMontreal. Can. 

San Antonio , 



. . 

431 Main A.*. 



\ Showrooms tquipptd with modtl bathrooms. 



Men who Fight and Snller Women who Snller and WallThe Red Badge ol Courage 

THE SOUL OF THE WAR 

By PHILIP GIBBS, Special Correspondent of the Daily Chronicle 

This is the human and psychological side of war as it is seen on the battle- 
field under heavy shell-fire, in bombarded to-^ns, in field hospitals, and amid 
great movements of troops. The author does not concern himself with battle 
history or analysis of strategy, but from the edge of Armageddon and on its 
sinister fields writes of men who wear the "Red Badge of Courage." 

8vo. $1.75 net. Postage 16 cents. 
McBRIDE, NAST & CO. 31 Union Sq. N, NEW Y<5KR 



In writing to advertiser s t pltast mention House & GAKDKK. 



54 



HOUSE: AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



<9 



THE 
LONGLIF] 



[ITE ENA1 



PLEASANT in memory are 
the first and last impressions 
gained by the visitor, if the 
entrance to the home is finished 
with Vitralite, the Long-LiJe 
White Enamel. Applied to door- 
ways, porch columns and ex- 
terior trim, it gives a distinctive 
and lasting whiteness never to 
be secured by ordinary coatings. 
With the durability to with- 
stand rain and sun, winter and 
summer on exterior work, it 
lasts longer than paint, and gives 
to interior woodwork that clean 
and cheery charm a surface 
smooth as alabaster. 

Vitralite will not crack, peel nor turn 
yellow, whether used oulridt or insidt, on 
wood, metal, plaster, or cement, and stands 
repeated washing. 

Send for valuable book and two 
Free Sample Panels 
one finished with Vitralite and one with 
' "61". the floor varnish that stands the tr/.ir 
the daily grind of many fert. It is mar- 
proof, heel-proof and water-proof. 

Pratt A Lambert Varnish Products are used 
by painters, specified by architects, ami sold 
by paint and hardware dealers everywhere. 

Address all inquiries to Pratt A Lambert- 
Inc., Tonawanda St., RiirTalo, N. Y. In 
Canada, Courtwrixbtst., Bridgeburg, Onu 



, 



FMWR^VARNISH 



PRATT & LAMBERT VARNISHES 

AMERICAN FACTORIES C"*-,-i ^^-\ ^/r- . * FOREIGN FACTORIES 

NEW YORK Bwrwuo CHICAGO LSTABLIsHED DO YEARS LONDOM PARIS 



A Vivid and Powerful Novel of Russian Life 

THE INVISIBLE MIGHT 

By ROBERT BOWMAN 

A many-sided picture of modern Russian life by an author who knows all classes of 
Russians, from Prince to peasant. It tells the profoundly affecting story of a 
beautiful woman's exile and suffering, and her meeting after eight years with her 
English lover, signalizes the advent of a new writer of wide observation and delicate 
narrative skill. 12mo. $1.10 net. Postage 10 cents. 

McBRIDE, NAST & CO., 31 Union Square North, NEW YORK 



tions, will last for a great many years, 
and certainly the cost is not prohibitive. 
Most varieties can be bought in good-sized 
bulbs from fifteen to twenty-five cents 
apiece, or by the half-dozen at consider- 
ably less. One reason why the hardy lilies 
are not more generally used is that they 
are given comparatively little space in the 
seed catalogs. Another reason is that, 
while under suitable conditions they last 
indefinitely, under unsuitable conditions 
they will perish very quickly and the 
several species are very marked in their 
likes and dislikes of soil, shade and so 
forth. And one should be very sure in 
buying bulbs that the varieties are adapted 
to the conditions which he can give them. 
As a general rule of guidance, it may be 
said that the lilies whose natural habitat 
is in swampy or woodsy places, such as 
our native lilies (Can-adense, superbum, 
Pardalinum, and so forth) all like plenty 
of humus and will thrive in soil that is 
quite moist so long as the bulbs themselves 
are protected by an under-drainage of 
sand or fine gravel. The Japanese and 
Chinese varieties, fortunately for the ma- 
jority of American gardeners, will thrive 
in ordinary loam even of rather poor 
quality, if other conditions are right, even 
though the native sorts could not be sud- 
cessfully grown in it. Lilies insist upon 
perfect drainage ; and if this is not to be 
found naturally, it must be supplied by 
tile or raised beds. The hardy border or 
the small shrub border are excellent places 
in which to use them both because of 
the effectiveness of the lilies and because 
of the necessary shade provided them by 
the other plants during their early stages 
of growth. The superbum and the Par- 
dalinum will thrive in soils that are more 
or less peaty and are therefore especially 
good for planting among rhododendrons 
or along the edge of rhododendrons or 
laurel borders. Almost any soil will be 
improved for lily growing by the addition 
of plenty of leaf mould. Manure, how- 
ever, should be omitted or used very 
sparingly, and only that which is a year 
or so old and rotted through and through 
should be employed. 

Phlox and peonies, two other clump- 
forming perennials, which should be either 
planted or replanted now, are among the 
very best of all the available hardy plants. 
Peonies should be used with judgment. 
They always form a major note in the 
garden scheme, as both the plant itself and 
the flower dominate the whole garden of 
perennials during the early summer. Un- 
like the majority of flowers which we have 
been discussing, they can seldom be used 
in masses by themselves with the best ef- 
fect. Planted in clumps, irregularly 
spaced, throughout the hardy border at 
the edge of the shrubbery planting, or reg- 
ularly spaced along drives or walks, both 
the flowers and the attractive form and 
foliage of the plants can be seen to the 
best advantage. They propagate very 



In "writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



SEPTEMBER, 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



slowly, but this is, for the gardener, an 
advantage rather than a disadvantage, as 
the plant does not have to be disturbed 
for separating and replanting, like many 
other perennials, but will continue to give 
increasingly beautiful results, year after 
year, in the same place. To get a long 
season of bloom, a few plants of the peony 
of former generations (Peonia officinal is ). 
which can be had in pinkish-white, bright 
pink and deep crimson, should be planted, 
as this blooms some two weeks earlier 
than the modern fragrant sorts. A baker's 
half-dozen of the best sorts, of proven 
merit, are F estiva maxima, the finest 
white ; Couronne d'Or, a very late-flower- 
ing white ; Felix Crousse, brilliant red ; 
Mme. Crousse, white and crimson ; 
Duchess de Nemours, sulphur white and 
fragrant ; Marie Lemoine, ivory white ; 
Delicatissima, crimson purple. In planning 
your plantings of peonies, remember that 
they require deep, good soil to do well and 
also an abundance of sunlight. The plants 
cost from fifteen to fifty cents each, ac- 
cording to the variety. But a dozen of 
them used about the place will give you 
more show for your money than probably 
any other flower in which you could in- 
vest it. 

A close second to the peony in long life 
and general freedom from diseases and 
insect troubles is phlox one of the most 
important contributions which America 
has made to 'the international flower gar- 
den. It has one great advantage over most 
perennials it can be had in flower from 
spring until frost; in fact, some single 
varieties, such as Divaricata, bloom prac- 
tically throughout the season. There are 
other early-flowering and late-flowering 
varieties which there is not space to men- 
tion here by name but which can be found 
fully described in any good catalog. ( Par- 
ticular mention, however, should be made 
of a new early-blooming species which 
combines the beautiful flowers of the late 
Uecussata with the early-flowering habit 
of Divaricata, mentioned above. The 
plants are one to two feet high, begin 
blooming the latter part of May and blos- 
som with the utmost freedom for six to 
eight weeks. This section is known as 
Phlox areiidsi. Unlike the peonies, with 
phlox the best effects are to be had by 
using them in rather large masses of a 
single variety or two of contrasting colors. 
Whether planted by themselves or in the 
hardy border, they should be given thor- 
oughly enriched soil and should be divided 
and replanted every second or third 
season. 



Court UnJ Apart mtnri 



Put your poultry problems up to HOUSE 
AM> ( 1 ARDKX. Our experts will answer any 
questions ; our shopping service will buy 
anything you order. Address "Readers' 
Service," care of HOUSE AN*D GARDEX, 
445 Fourth Avenue. Xew York City. Send 
stamped. -envelope for reply. 




AN AUTHORITYS OPINION OF 

SMOKELESS BOILERS 







Kcwanee Smokeless 
Boilers arc cutting coal 
costs, by burning cheap 
soft coal smokelessly, in 
many of the best buildings 
of all kinds in all sections 
of the country. 

Even in New York City, 
where anthracite coal can 
be bought to best advan- 
tage, building owners have 
proven to their own satis- 
faction that by installing 
Kewance Smokeless Botlcrs ana 
using bituminous coal they 
can reduce their coal bills 
considerably. 



KEWANEE, ILLINOIS 
Steel Heating and Power Boilers, Radiator*. Tank* and Garbage Burner* 

Chicago Netu York Si. Louit Karuat City Minneapolis 




First Large Edition Exhausted in One Month ! 

The Secrets of the Hohenzollerns 

By DR. ARMGAARD KARL GRAVES, Secret Agent 

Author of "The Secrets of the German War Office" 

An amazing continuation of Dr. Graves' first book which 
was read by over 100,000 American readers and was trans- 
lated in six foreign languages. 

8vo. Illustrated. SI. 50 net. Postage 14 cents. 
McBRIDE, NAST & CO., 31 Union Sq. N., NEW YORK 



In writing to advertisers, flease mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 



LEAVENS 

MADE FURNITURE 




A mistaken impression concerning our furniture 
has apparently been given in some instances by 
our consistent advertising of COTTAGE FURNI- 
TURE or Straight Line Furniture. This is by 
no means our only line, but because of its great 
popularity and wide appeal to home furnishers, it 
has been more frequently presented in our 
advertising. 

Our complete stock includes several lines just 
as popular as our Cottage Furniture, and offers 
attractively de- 
signed, well made 
pieces to meet 
every need of the 
tastefully furnished 
home. 

By selecting from 
our large stock, it 
is possible to have a 
pleasing variety of 
designs and yet 
have every piece 
harmonious with 
the others, whether 
you select in our 
Cottage or Modern, 
with here and there 
a Colonial piece. 

And this harmony in the complete effect, with 
variety of design in individual pieces, can be made 
much more pronounced by selecting your own 
stains in which to have your furniture finished. 
To anyone with an appreciation of color values, 
our policy of finishing to the customer's order, 
offers opportunity 
to impress distinct 
individuality upon ' 
the home. 

Our color chart 
of stains and fin- 
ishes offers sugges- 
tions and is of 
great assistance in 
working out the 
color schemes of 
your rooms 

We also furnish unfinished if so desired. Ship- 
ments carefully made insuring safe delivery. 
Send for complete set No. 4, of over 200 illustra- 
tions and color chart. 





WILLIAM LEAVEN5SCQ 

32 CANAL STREET. 

IB O S T O N MASS. 




CURTAINS 
DRAPERIES 

AND 

PORTIERS 

Made to Measure 

after your own selection 
of style and materials. 
Ready to hang and 
guaranteed to fit. 

Writefor Catalogue of Draperitt and Furniture 

SANFORD SHOPS, Inc. 

Dept. D: 49 We.t 45th Street, New York City 



Your Saturday Afternoon Garden 
(Continued from page 21) 

latter, discolor the foliage to such an 
extent. 

The sugar pumpkins, watermelons, 
musk melons, cucumbers, squash both 
fruit and vine will be injured by the first 
hard frost. They are too spreading in 
habit to make covering up feasible ; but, 
fortunately, they make up for this to some 
extent in the fact that they will continue 
to ripen for a long time after being picked, 
if they are properly handled and stored. 
All the mature fruits, therefore, should 
be taken up before danger of frost, which, 
in the latitude of Boston, may be expected 
towards the end of this month. Melons 
that have ripened enough to be a little soft 
at the stem end and which may be easily 
twisted off may be picked in the ordinary 
way and put in any cool, dry place, to 
prevent their ripening too rapidly. Those 
not quite so far developed may be cut with 
a piece of the vine attached and put in 
straw in a dark, perfectly dry place and 
will there ripen up gradually. Water- 
melons should be handled in about the 
same way ; the nearly ripe fruit, indicated 
by a hollow sound when rapped with the 
knuckle, or by the withering of the stems, 
being kept separate from the matured but 
less ripe fruits, will require a much longer 
time before they are ready for use. Squash 
and pumpkin, particularly the former, al- 
though they may seem to have shells hard 
enough to protect them from any injury 
which could be inflicted without a hammer, 
nevertheless easily receive bruises which 
at the time may be invisible, but which 
develop into decayed spots later and one 
or two such fruits at the bottom of a 
good-sized pile will be enough to spoil 
them all when they are put into storage. 

Beans, tomatoes, peas, sweet corn and 
small beets that have to be thinned out, 
spinach, and numerous other perishable 
products which are usually allowed to go 
to waste, can be saved if the co-operation 
of the kitchen is to be had. I can hear 
some reader declare stoutly that he is not 
going to allow me to tie an apron around 
his neck, and that he has paid the price 
of admission to find out about gardening 
and not cooking; but before he enters his 
protest I would suggest his bearing with 
me a moment more. Certainly, finding 
a use for the garden products after they 
are grown is just as important as grow- 
ing them. If they cannot be stored in 
boxes, bins or pits by the usual method, 
the energetic gardener will make use of 
any other practical method available. 
Such a method is the new "cold pack" 
system of canning, which the Department 
of Agriculture has so widely recom- 
mended. It is not necessary for the gar- 
dener, who thinks his work stops at the 
kitchen door, to stand over a hot range, 
or even a cool gas or oil stove, and attend 
to the finishing details of the job ; but he 

In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Blame 
the Base 





fheLath is Responsible 
Most Plaster Failures 

It's not so much what 
goes into the plaster as 
goes under it that makes 
your walls permanent. 

Metal lath is the modern plas- 
ter base. Ask any architect. 

Mno-fturn 

Expanded Metal Lath 

is the ideal metal lath because it is made with 
a mesh that the plaster grips permanently; 
because it expands and contracts with the 
plaster underthe stress of sudden temperature 
changes and because it is equally adaptable 
for inside plaster and outside stucco. 

"Practical Homebuilding" tells all about 
metal lath as compared to other plaster 
bases. It gives you comparative cost of 
stucco, brick and frame construction 
floor plans a fund of real building in- 
formation. Send for it today. 

Send ten cents to cover cost of 
mailing and ask for booklet 379 

North Western Expanded 
Metal Company 



937 Old Colony Building. 

407 So. Dearborn Street, 

CHICAGO. ILL. 




FIANERSK 

PAINTED 
FURNITURE 

for the informal rooms in 
City homes and apart- 
ments and for all rooms 
of Country Houses inex- 
pensive, sturdy and charm- 
ing. 

Choice of color scheme. 

Write for Booklet "A." 

ERSKINE-DANFORTH 

CORPORATION 
2 West 47th St., New York 




Triple Mirror Dressing 
Table (X18) Top 40" long; 
22" wide; 29" high. 



SKI'TKMl:KK. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



will not be establishing an undesirable 
precedent if he does assist in getting the 
vegetables ready and putting them into 
tin cans or glass jars either of which can 
be used successfully with this method 
preparatory to the real work of canning. 
The vegetables can be placed whole in the 
cans or jars, or they can be cut into any 
desirable forms, and then "processed," or 
steamed, for one to four hours, according 
to the amount of heat which may be main- 
tained and the vegetable or fruit being put 
up. One hour is sufficient for most things, 
even with an ordinary boiler. With a reg- 
ular canning outfit, which is not expensive 
and will prove to be a good investment 
in connection with every garden of any 
size, labor and time will be reduced to a 
minimum. But perfectly satisfactory re- 
sults can be obtained without adding any- 
thing to your regular kitchen equipment 
except a false bottom for the boiler in 
which the process of sterilizing is done. 
This can be made in a few minutes from 
heavy, quarter-inch mesh-wire screening, 
cut the right shape and bent down for 
about an inch about the edges, and sup- 
ported by two or three cross-pieces of 
wood an inch thick. 

In work in the garden, now, the suffle- 
hoe will have to be substituted for the 
wheel-hoe in working among the root 
crops whose tops have pretty well filled 
up the spaces between the rows. Weeds 
that have been neglected and have become 
tough and woody at the roots cannot well 
be chopped off with the hoe, and pulling 
them up often does a good deal of injury 
to the surrounding crops, to say nothing 
of the amount of work which it requires. 
A good method of handling these unde- 
sirable citizens is to use an old hatchet, 
which should, however, be sharpened up 
for the occasion. The weeds should be 
bent over and cut as low down as pos- 
sible, preferably slightly below the surface, 
and the tops burned as soon as they are 
dry enough. An hour's work of this kind 
will probably save you a good many hours 
of weed-pulling next season but it will 
also convince you that it is much easier 
to remove weeds when they are small, 
even though they may not be growing di- 
rectly in the rows in your garden. 

If you have a cellar for storing winter 
vegetables, it should be thoroughly cleaned 
out and whitewashed now. This can be 
done on a rainy day ; but If no rainy day 
is forthcoming, do not neglect to attend 
to it on a sunny one. If bins are used, 
they should be overlooked and repaired 
where necessary and all rat holes should 
be stopped up with cement in which broken 
glass has been mixed in sufficient quantity, 
so that there will be a piece every quarter 
of an inch or so. A supply of barrels, 
crates and boxes should also be obtained 
at this time. Get your grocer to save them 
for you ; if you wait until later, you may 
find it impossible to get them just when 
you need them. 



/ y/ x x 

no, ft&m a Siiani a, 

S S / / 

// / / (y? //fy 1 

/ / / 7 

//>' ate /ite/izlea to /uintJn cotn/ietent (ani/waJie alc/it'te^fs fo assttt 
tn fai/tna out ylouna* ant/ /ttanmny /fte fttan/tny*. t/'r /tn/it.i/i /ifank 
/oi aft //ui/i0je.t. Qy you ale /ttannina a tc&e aalafn, an 

oataert, ot a yaX/en. of Slgalau ^feienntau, &t ou/3 tiat'nea 

* C/2 SS C77 / ' (?fi) / X x/' / >" Xx / 

'/.. >r>f you. {Picmittfit tjament .yioiet nave t*een fne as(iy/it of 

./ / //// , / t nf? -A c/2 ss c/? / 

f/x-HM/ia* ana trrrr (><tny /tieajute fo you. wtttf (Ptomweft (jaiatni 

<f f s Cf 

ff/irn oA/tolturttYi/ o/fetA an</ tee fne, -mcut com/tiefe Qrpotttc /fatal 
in Gimeltcz. 

M tena you out Qsaif JzTiantiny wataioy. Oft u youu foi 
t/te aMiftg r. 

, -liieteon , 



'e(t alaens. 




Old English Designs in 

Garden Furniture 
White or Green Finish 
Prices Exceptional j Reasonable 

Write or 'Phone 
PLANT CRAFTSMAN 
16 E. 33rd St. New York 

'Phone 113 Murray Hill 

All branches of Landscape 

and Tree Work. 



Let UsHelp YOU Our experienced Land- 
scape gardeners make 

a planting plan of your place, selecting trees, 
shrubs, etc., suitable to soil and situation. 

Our nurseries (more tkan 600 acrti) offer the finest 

selection in America (or lawn and garden planting 

IFritt for Catolot D 

Est. 1848 

Inc. 1903 



Stcpkei Hoyt's Sois Co. 



New dim. Con. 



ie sinister sign 
of hidden decay! 

To ignore it is to invite 
tree destruction / 

Study the photographs shown here. Note that 
the tree to the left (No. 1), except for a tiny hole 
in the bark, is apparently sound and healthy. 

But see. in the other picture (N'o. 2). what that tiny hole 
means ! A little chiseling, by Davey Tree Surgeons, revealed 
inside a condition of utter decay the tree a mere shell, an 
' easy victim for the next severe storm. 



HI* 



Are you blind to this and to other danger signs in your 
1 trees? Are you, by neglect, inviting their possible ruin? 
Have your trees examined now before it is too late by 

I Davey Tree Surgeons 

!. I Learn their real condition and needs from this expert source 

without charge. Real tree surgery is Davey Tree Surgery. 
Officially chosen, after thorough investigation, by U. S. Gov- 
ernment. Miss Ida E. Bliss. Great Neck. L. I., N. Y.. writes: 
"I am quitesuremysick trees would thank you. if they could, 
for the wonderful treatment you have given them and 1 expect 
to see them improve steadily now that you have gotten them in 
f such safe and good condition." Write today for free ex- 
amination and booklet illustrating Davey Tree Surgery. , 

The) Davey Tree Export Co., S2< Elm St., Kent, O.( 
(Operating Ike Davey Institute of Tree Surgery) 
Branches in Principal Cities. A c credited 
Representatives Everywhere, 



Have your trees examined now 



In writing to odvrrtitm, please mention Hovai ft GAKBDT. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 




* te rLl 

Applied 

For X 1 



Now is the Time to Put Up 
Feeding Devices 

We make the Largest Variety 
and Sell at FACTORY PRICES 

Bird Houses also furnished in knockdown form. 
Easy and interesting to construct. 

Write for special price list. 



We also 
Make 
Bird Baths 
For 
Gardens 




This Trap Will Keep Your Garden 
Free From Sparrows 

Sparrows not only damage gardens and cause 
great annoyance, but drive the attractive, use- 
ful song birds away. 

This trap catches "decoy" sparrows at once! 

The first and only trap GUARANTEED to 
do this, and to catch both old and young spar- 
rows. Has many points of superiority. Catches 
sparrows at both ends and middle. Wide en- 
trances. No funnels. No wire bottom. 
Automatic; simple nothing to get out of order. 
Lasts a lifetime. 

30 Days FREE Trial 

Price of this trap is only $6. Money refunded 
in 30 days if not satisfactory. 

Write TODAY for our Big FREE Catalog 
of Feeding Devices, Bird Houses, etc. 
Everything at factory prices. 

E. E. Edmanson & Co. 

Largest Exclusive Manufacturers of 
Bird Houses in the World 

624-634 S. Norton St., Chicago, 111. 




Window Draped with Striped Yoredale 

Where the Sun Streams In 

Those were always the windows 
difficult to drape until Orinoka 
fadeless fabrics were created. The 
hottest sun will not affect them. 
When soiled, wash them in the tub. 

They are dyed in the yarn and 
have the look of silk at inexpen- 
sive prices. Send for helpful book- 
let, " Draping the Home," and 
name cf retailer nearest you. 
ORINOKA MILLS 

156 Clarendon Bldg., New York 

See these t'ooJs at your dealer s and insist upon this 
Guarantee, which is on every bolt. 

These goods are guaranteed absolutely 
fadeless. If color changes from exposure 
to the sunlight or from washing, the 
merchant is hereby authorized to replace 
them with new goods or refund the pur- 
chase price. 




Before the Middle of 
September 

you should select the Hya- 
cinths, Tulips, Narcissi, 
Crocus, Iris and other 
bulbs that are to be added 
to your garden this fall. 
Thebrightness of the spring 
garden comes from bulbs 
that are set early before 
the ground is cold enough 
to retard root formation. 
Selected bulbs were never 
socheap note these prices: 



50 Finest Assorted Darwin Tulips7"$r50 
Tulips for forcing 1.00 

Crocuses 65 

20 Hyacinths for forc- 
ing or bedding. 1.00 
ant's Eye Narcissus 1.00 

Baur's Booklet of Bulbs Free 

A list of unusual varieties of Dutch 
Bulbs only the desirable sorts for gar- 
den and house growing. Your copy will 
be sent to you free for the asking. 

If you are interested in shrubs, trees 
roses, or perennial plants, ask for our gen- 
eral catalogue; a postal brings it free. 

BAUR FLORAL CO. 

15 East Ninth St., Dept E. Erie, Penna. 



Tasteful Mural Effects 



Add beauty, charm and distinctiveness to 
your home. Give to it an air of cultured 
refinement by having your walls finished in 
the latest offerings of 

Fab-Rik-O-Na 

Woven Wall Coverings 

An almost unlimited variety of beautiful 
tones, shades and designs; afford unique color 
scheme. Unequalled in rich simplicity and 
durability. When in New York, visit our 
exhibit at the Craftsman Home Builders 
Permanent Exposition, 6 East 39th Street. 

H. B. WIGGINS SONS CO. 
218 Arch Street Bloomfield, N. J. 



Send for. Booklet 

"Art and Utility in Decoration" 

And Samples " 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



Heating and Ventilating the House 

(Continued from page 24) 
among which can be mentioned lower 
temperature radiators and greater ease of 
regulation. A hot water radiator may be 
regulated for any amount of flow and 
thereby regulate the heat as one would 
regulate a gas burner. However, while it 
is usual to expect hot water to reach to 
the remote corners of the house, this 
sometimes proves to be a difficult thing 
with some systems of hot water piping 
and a great deal of skill is necessary in 
installing some of these hot water systems. 

Steam heating, while it cannot be reg- 
ulated in every instance with the nicety of 
hot water, it is well adapted for the very 
cold climate. If the system is installed 
with any degree of care, it will probably 
give satisfaction. Under the same con- 
ditions less radiator surface is required 
than with hot water, on account of the 
higher temperatures that are used. More 
care is perhaps necessary in the operation 
of the steam boiler. 

While direct radiation is satisfactory for 
heating, it has a serious drawback on ac- 
count of the responsibility of the neglect 
of ventilation. A perfect system of heat- 
ing is one that is combined with a venti- 
lating system. 

There are three reasons why people do 
not ventilate their homes : first, through 
ignorance of the importance ; second, neg- 
lect, and third, on account of additional 
cost for fuel. Have you ever heard a 
housewife exclaim that she did not wish 
to warm all outdoors? Perhaps the of- 
fense was caused by a crack in the window 
or door hardly visible to the naked eye. 
It may be said here that heating with 
ventilation cannot be obtained as cheaply 
as heating alone. Thus, by using half- 
and-half circulation half from the out- 
side to be circulated and the other half 
of the air from inside, the coal consump- 
tion can be cut down. 



Building for Hospitality 
(Continued from page 34) 

and a porch added in front. A bathroom 
was installed and the interior fitted up as 
sleeping quarters. The whole thing cost 
about $300. A chicken house was then 
taken in hand and treated in a similar 
manner. It was moved to a more con- 
venient spot nearer the house, was prop- 
erly renovated and refinished, and fitted up 
as a detached guest chamber, all at a cost 

Of $200. 

The seductive little bungalow on the 
Parker estate at Nanepashomet, Mass., is 
a similar evolution, while the "Rest 
House," with its attractive porch and open 



SEPTEMBER, 



HOUSK AX I) (i.ARDEX 



59 



fire, shows what may be accomplished with 
an expenditure of $200. 

More primitive and less costly still is 
an open camp or outdoor sleeping-room 
made from an old shed that would other- 
wise have been torn down as useless. It 
was renovated, a good floor was laid, and 
the roof was made rainproof with new 
shingles. A small window was cut through 
at the back and a large one at the side. 
Beds were built in, bunk fashion, provid- 
ing accommodations for two people. 
Across the open front a pair of heavy 
curtains were hung on rings and wires to 
provide the necessary seclusion and to 
serve as a protection against rain and 
damp winds. 

On Cape Cod and in other sections 
where old, disused windmills are not un- 
common, an opportunity is offered for a 
guest house of unique design and quaint 
charm. One of the most interesting and 
successful experiments in this line is to be 
seen on Mr. John J. E. Rothery's summer 
place at Cataumet, Buzzard's Bay. In 
fact, Mr. Rothery has two converted 
windmills. One was the old Orleans Mill, 
which for generations had been an object 
of interest in the village. But it was fall- 
ing into decay ; and as no one showed any 
disposition to reclaim it, Mr. Rothery 
bought it and moved it by sections, to be 
re-erected on the hill he had purchased 
for his home. Here he built two attrac- 
tive shingle cottages, making, with the 
rehabilitated mill, an unusually picturesque 
group. The three sections of this unique 
home are connected by a covered porch. 
Although this semi-detached arrange- 
ment made possible quiet and commodious 
guest quarters, Mr. Rothery fitted up a 
separate guest house near by. He bought 
the old Falmouth Mill, dating back to the 
1 7th Century, had it taken to pieces, 
moved in sections, and set up in its orig- 
inal form on a height overlooking the bay. 
The wings of the other mill were repaired, 
chained fast, and left to grace the struc- 
ture, together with the old weather-vane 
and the huge timber lever by which the 
movable top of the mill was turned toward 
the wind. On this one simply the wings 
were left and it was made into a tower- 
like structure of pleasing proportions. A 
rustic pergola connects it with the main 
house. The outside shingles, like those of 
the other buildings, have been left to 
weather to a soft grey, which forms a per- 
fect background for the window boxes and 
the luxuriant climbing rose. There are 
two doors and an abundance of windows. 
Inside, the walls have been cleansed and 
roughnesses smoothed down, but the old 
hand-hewn timbers have not been hidden 
by sheathing or plaster and the interesting 
wooden-peg construction is left exposed. 
The stairway has been repaired and book- 
cases and closets built in, but as far as 
possible the interior of the old grist mill 
has been left in its original state. The 
simplest of rugs, hangings and furniture 
have been used for harmonv's sake. 






. 



Hide Your Ugly Views With Moons' Evergreens 
Plant Them in August and September 

Clothes yard, neighbor's garage, or anything that offends, can be blotted out with the Evergreen 
type of tree that holds its foliage all year. 

Moons' have an Evergreen for Every Place and Purpose. Their stock has developed a symmetry of ] 
form and vigor of growth that insure attractive plantings. 

Send for catalog better still , describe the objectionable view you want hidden and get our quotations. 

THE WILLIAM H. MOON COMPANY 



PHILADELPHIA OFFICE: 
21 South 12th Street 



NURSERYMEN 

Makefield Place, MORRISVILLE, PA. 



THE MOON NURSERY 

CORPORATION 
White Plains, New York 



A-tlrtUKf fwuni 
-MCOflO f wtfttl 




Here's the New Improved 
DODSON SPARROW TRAP 

Catches sparrows automatically has a double funnel 
trap on left end, a drop trap on right end. There is no 
other trap like this. 

Help in the good work of banishing English Sparrows 
these quarrelsome pests drive Song Birds away from 
us. Put out a Dodson Trap. Price, $6 f.o.b. Chicago. 

Free Booklet Tell* how to attract native bird>. 
Describes the famous Dodson Bird Houses 20 
styles. If you want song birds get genuine Dodson 
Bird Houses. 

Nature Neighbors a Library of fascinating books 
chiefly about Birds, written by authorities and marvel- 
ously illustrated in colors. Write for free illustrated 
folder. 

H. Dodson 

Chicago, III. 



Joseph 

731 Security Bldg. 



1MORRISTO1ME 




Sanitary 

Underground Garbage 
Receptacle 

Casing for GALVAN- 
IZED GARBAGE PAIL 
is made of Norristone rein- 
forced concrete indestruc- 
tible never wean out. 

Solid cast aluminum 
cover is strong, light, 
durable. 

Not susceptible to heat, 
cold, moisture. Nothing 
to rust or corrode, or 
break from frost. 

Prevents decomposition 
and bad odors is vermin 
A child eta operate U proof nothing to attract 

flies is out of sight Twin lids open instantly in 
response to sli ;ti t pressure of foot. 

FDFF RnnLlpt Containing complete description, 
rniiLi UUUBKI illustrations, sizes and prices, mailed 
to any address on request. Write for a copy. 

J. FRANK NORRIS 

1*1 Morris Street Rochester. N.Y. 

Established 1905 



TOWNSEND'S 

The Greatest Grass 
Cutler on Earth 



Send for Catalog n of 
ill Types of 
Movers 



TRIPLEX 

Cut* a Swath 86 in*, wide 
S..Towisei<SC. 



17 Central Ira. 
HUKGI, I.J. 




Pulenl PenJin; 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDES. 



60 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 




Bulb 



s 



KING ALFRED DAFFODIL the regal 
aristocrat of the trumpet-flowered Narcissi 
is the most notable variety ever offered to 
American growers. 

If you have not yet received the new Carter 
Catalog of Bulbs which portrays King 
Alfred and many other distinguished varie- 
ties, write for a complimentary copy at 
once. This handsomely illustrated Bulb 
Book has only a limited issue. 

OUR SPECIAL OFFER: To be able to 
purchase King Alfred and Sir Francis Drake 
Narcissi at the prices noted below is an un- 
usual opportunity which is available only 
for 30 days from date of this issue. King 
Alfred and Sir Francis Drake grow two feet 




high and produce enormous trumpet flowers 
of a rich golden yellow. 

Prices: Each, $0.40; per doz., $4.00; per 100 
$23.00. 

CARTERS TESTED SEEDS Inc. 

127 Chamber of Commerce Buildinz 

BOSTON, MASS. 
TORONTO MONTREAL SEATTLE 

Branch of James Carter & Co., I^ondon.B ngland 



LUJ 



Illimimii II Mllfil! HIM 



A Terra Cotta 
TILE ROOF 

has every point of superiority in its favor: 
Architectural beauty, perfect protection 
from fire, leaks, moisture and weather 
changes wonderful durability without 
repairs and therefore eventual economy. 

Write for our illustrated booklet "ThiTRouf Beautiful" 
printed in colors, referring, to theorioin and use of Tiles. 
It contains views of many beautiful homes with roofs 
of Terra Cotta Tiles, and is sent free upon request. 

LUDOWICI-CELADON CO? 

Manufacturers of Terra Cotta Roof Inz Tiles 

Gen I Offices: 1107-17 Monroe Bldg,, Chicago. Ill, 



Lil. Candidum (Madonna Lily) 

True Hardy North of France Stock 

Must be planted in September to make fall growth 
to insure next summer's bloom. 
Small bulbs give no satisfaction. 

Each 3 12 100 

Large bulbs 12 32 1.2S 8.00 

Mammoth 20 SO 1.85 1200 

Jumbo (Scarce) 25 70 2.75 15.00 

Price includes delivery. 

Ready: Freesias, Oxalis, French Hyacinth and Nar- 
cissus. Plant these now for early flowers. 
Send for our Bulb Book telling you how. 

H. H. BERGER & CO., 70 Warren Street, N. Y 




EVERY 



BUILDER 

should have book 

'MODERN DWELLINGS' 

Price $1.50 

or with a number 

of blue prints. 

Price $2.00. 

Both show a number of plans and exterior views of Colonial. 
English, Bungalow and other types. 

BARBER 00, RYNO. Architects 

Knoxville Tennessee 




The Ant Lions of the Pyramids 
Who Hunt Their Prey ! 

And 650 other Remarkable Photographic Studies will be found in 

THE MARVELS OF INSECT LIFE 

By Edward Step, F. L. S. 
Introduction by Raymond L. Ditmars 

Remarkable studies of Nature's wonderland, illustrated by amazing 
photographs of insects at home, at work and at war. Written in 
untechnical language but with scientific accuracy. 

Profusely illustrated. 8110. $3.50 net. Postage 30 cents. 
McBRIDE, NAST & CO., 31 Union Sq. N., New York 



The first floor consists of a spacious, 
octagonal living-room. On the floors 
above, where two hundred years ago the 
dusty miller poured his grain into the 
hopper, there are two chambers equally 
unadorned and simply furnished. 

But not everyone can find an old wind- 
mill to make over, nor even an old corn 
barn or chicken house. Not everyone can 
afford to build a bungalow for the some- 
time guest. But there are in many houses 
unused spaces not suited to the ordinary 
needs of family life which may be turned 
into overflow guest rooms with small ex- 
pense. The result may not be your ideal 
of what a guest room should be, but it is 
better in an emergency than "doubling up," 
or a shake-down on the floor. 

In one house a narrow room seemed to 
present just the wrong proportions and 
spacing for guest room purposes. An in- 
genious woman solved the problem by 
placing two narrow four-posters along 
one side, not in the usual twin-bed fashion, 
but foot to foot. The room was inex- 
pensively furnished with muslin canopies 
and valances on the beds, rag rugs, and a 
home-made hour-glass table covered with 
cretonne chosen to harmonize with the 
wall paper. 

In another house a room too small for 
most purposes, and long used for storage, 
was put into commission. It contained, 
fortunately, a good-sized closet, and when 
the front of this was removed an alcove 
was produced just large enough to con- 
tain an ordinary cot bed. Home-made 
bookshelves were put in, the room deco- 
rated, the floors painted ; a Boston rocker 
and other pieces of furniture not needed 
elsewhere in the house completed the fur- 
nishings of a very useful room which owes 
its existence to a little ingenuity and small 
expenditure. 

Such instances are not conclusive, for 
no two houses present the same problems 
or the same possibilities ; but they serve 
to point the way, to suggest the line of 
experiment. One more example. In sea- 
side cottages and summer bungalows, 
where space is at a premium and frequent 
entertaining of week-end guests the order 
of the day, the plan of the steamer state- 
rooms offers the solution. By Pullman- 
izing the beds, toilet arrangements, etc., 
all that is needed can be crowded into 
small space, with room left for dressing. 
Bunks, if properly constructed, can be 
made perfectly comfortable, and it would 
be difficult to find a more effective method 
of economizing space. 



Why not let HOUSE AND GARDEN help 
you decorate ? Its staff of decorators is at 
your service; its shoppers will buy any- 
thing you order. Write "Readers' Ser- 
vice," care of HOUSE AND GARDEN, 445 
Fourth Avenue, New York City. Re- 
plies are prompt. Send stamped envelope. 



In U'riting to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 



' I / 



SKI-TEMBER, 1915 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



61 



Japanese 
Virgin's Bower 

(Clematis "Pan/cu/a/a) 

One of the best vines for 
a trellis, or along a fence. 
Flowers profusely. 

Only 30j Cents each 

The Morris Nursery Co. 

West Chester, Pa. 

Writt for Illujtrattd Catalogue 




w Big Rose Offer 



Plant a rose hedge this fall. Cover 
nr fences with the Queen of 

Flower*. Beautify with our red. hardy. 

climbing rose. Excelsea. We offer 

3 Two- Year-Old $f 
Excelseas For 1 



guaranteed to sr 
nd bloom. This offer 



also Includes our book of 
delightful chapters. " How to 
Grow Roses.' 1 Thousands of 
homes enjoy our gorgeous rose* 
you should, too. Try them 
accept our liberal offer now. Send 
for our Autumn Kloral Guide free 



The CONARD & Jones Co. 
Box 126 West drove, Pa. 




KEWANEE 

ELECTRIC LICHT PLAHT5 



Install one of these conven- 
ient, reasonable priced plants 
in yourhome. Furnishes plenty 
of current for lighting entire 
house, barns and grounds. En- 
joy the wonderf ufconvenience 
*^- and comfort of electric light. 

Also operates flatirons, washing 
machines.toasters and other household appliances. 

An effective prevention of fire. Little or no attention re- 
quired and costs only a few cents per day to operate. 

Absolutely guaranteed and shipped ready to run when 
crate is taken off. Tbelnatallationof^Kewanee Plantonly 
requires attaching of seven wires that are properly tagged. 

For 'lurabilifi/,frrf<tmfmm repairs and {oner, steady 

KEWANEE Private Utilities 

W.ter Supply Systesas Gasoline Engines 
Sewage Disposal Plants Gasoline Storage Plants 
Electric Ligbt Plants Vacvam Cleaning Srstesu 
Write for oar adrfao on boot nrooplnir of j 

bora a power plant ao you will get th tnot 

orrlca out of your t*qulpmnt- W* ' v 

joa plu to work by . 

San* for Ml list rated bulletin* 

en any or all of the above 
Kewanee Private/ 
Utilities Company 

(Formerly Krwmno* Water 
Supply Co.) 

122 South Franklin St. 

Kewanee, Illinois 

BRANCH OFFICES; 
BO Church Street. Nw York I 
atUManiiMtte HKOWns 



"Old Faithful" 
(Continued from page 17) 

favor, and it was in order to get the nicest, 
jettest black with the deepest tan that at 
this time some crosses were made with 
Gordon setters. The result was disas- 
trous. The colors came up to the best 
expectations, but the true Collie coat was 
ruined and the dogs were cursed with 
heavy, peaked skulls and great, flappy 
ears. At this time, too, the blue merles, 
a corruption of blue marbled, were com- 
mon enough, but regarded with positive 
disfavor as an evidence of common, barn- 
yard stock. Blue puppies were silently 
dropped in the bucket the less said about 
such things the better and this charming 
and typical color, which is shown by no 
other breed, came near to being lost for- 
ever. Sir William Arkwright, son of the 
great spinning machinery inventor, is 
largely responsible for the preservation of 
the merle color, and his painstaking and 
faithful breeding efforts are now being 
rewarded by the present-day popularity of 
his favorite shade. For the past twenty 
years or more the rich, golden sable has 
undoubtedly had the call. It is to Old 
Cockie, through his grandson Ch. Charle- 
magne, that the present sable and white 
dogs trace, and the exceptional quality 
displayed by the members of this family 
has been an important factor in popular- 
izing this color. 

In fact, the history of the show Collie 
is practically a history of this illustrious 
family ; so much so that it is famous among 
biologists as a splendid example of pre- 
potency. For this reason the family tree 
as drawn up by Mr. H. E. Packwood has 
a double interest : 

Old Cockie (pedigree unknown) 
Ch. Charlemagne (grandson) 
Ch. Metchley Wonder (grandson) 
Ch. Christopher 
Edgbaston Marvel 



Ch. Wellesbourne Ch. Portington Bar None 
Conqueror 

Ch. Parbold Piccolo Edgbaston Plasmon (inbred) 

Ch. Anfield Model, Ch. Ormskirk Olympian, 

Ch. Ormskirk Emerald 

Ch. Wishaw Leader. Heacham Galopin 
Ch. Squire of Tytton 

These are the Collie heroes of the 
bench show world, the royal strain, the 
bluest of the blue blood that breeds cham- 
pions. 

Remembering where the Collie came 
from and what work he has been called 
upon during long centuries to do, one 
might make a shrewd guess that he would 
be an active, intelligent, faithful, hardy 
dog with a natural aptitude for a dog's 
work on the farm. That is just exactly 
what he is. It is always a shame to citify 
a Collie, and it is a positive insult to the 

In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GABBED. 




Every Home 

modest or large, will be im- 
proved in appearance, comfort 
and value by installing 

.MORGAN 

DOORS' 

mmmmmmm 

Have your architect and con- 
tractor specify and furnish Mor- 
gan Doors for your building. 
They are supreme in beauty, 
design, construction and service. 

Every genuine Morgan Door is stamped 
"MORGAN" on the top rail as a guarantee 
of a perfect door and for identification at 
the building. 

The door is the most prominent feature 
of your home make it the most beautiful. 

Send for our handsome Suggestion 
Book of Interior*, " The Door Beautiful" 
it will help in building or remodeling. 

Morgan Sash & Door Company 

Dept A-19 CHICAGO 

Factory: Morgan Co., Oshkosh, Via. 

Eastern Warehouse and Display: Morgan 
M i I KM irk Co., Baltimore. 

Displays: 6 East 39th Street, New York 
309 Palmer Building, Detroit 
Building Exhibit, Ins. Exch., Chicago 






Call Fairies and Birds 
intolyour Flower Garden 

They will stay with you summer 
winter and add new charm 
and interest, especially for 
the little folk. Our line of 
garden and plant sticks in- 
cludes gay elves and sprites 
dainty butterflies and brilliant 
bluebirds, woodpeckers, jays and 
swallows. Made of hard pine, 
finished to stand the weather. 

Lengths are 24 inches, as desired. SO 
cents each or $5.00 a dozen. 

Illustrated in our wonderful Year 
Book of 1000 thoughtful iift for 
all occasions. The Unique Gift Sug- 
gestion Book of America. Sent for 4 
cents stamps. Write for it. 

POHLSON'S GIFT SHOP 
25 Bank Bid*. Pawtucket, R. I. 



HOUSE AND GARDEN 



SEPTEMBER, 1915 




LASTING FENCES 

For Lawn and Garden 

ANCHOR POST 
FENCES 

for lawns and gardens provide a 
permanent protection against tres- 
passers. The posts are of high 
carbon steel and these and all 
other parts are heavily galvanized 
to prevent rust. Owing to the 
effectiveness of our method of 
anchoring the posts. Anchor Post 
Fences keep in perfect alignment 
for many years. 

Write for our 
Catalogue. 

NCHOR POST IRON WORKS 

11 Cortlandt Street, New York 




KRELAGE'S 
DUTCH BULBS 

FOR FALL PLANTING 

including: the world-renowned novelties 
of their own raising (Darwin and Rem- 
brandt Tulips, etc.), are offered in their 
new catalogue, sent free on requestto 

JA rf "> V F F R Sole A *ent for 
** UK VtlJK, United States 
100 WILLIAM STREET fSuite JOO) NEW YORK 





No. 21, Blue Bird No. 25, Woodpecker. No. 23 Wren 

RUSTIC HOUSES 

Attract where Others Fail 

Put them up now and let the Birds know where they can 

find a suitable habitation on their retarn in the Spriug 

$1.25 each Three for $3.50 

Best Wire Sparrow Trap, $4.00 
Free circular Booklet free with every order 

THE CRESCENT CO., "Bird ville," Toms River, N. J. 



DO 



SEASHORE 
PLANTING 



NOW! 



Now, while at the seashore you see the need of 
evergreens in some spot or various locations 
Do not wait till next April to fill that want 
r Pt x rabcr '" thc month to plant evergreens. 
Hicks Nursery is the place to get evergreens that 
save 10 years. Send for Evergreens for Summer 
Planting just out Do not delay or you may be too 
late for its list of bargain offers. 

Grown especially for this purpose, we have an ex- 
ceptional collection of salt spray resistent varieties 
of trees and shrubs. We will guarantee them to 
prove satisfactory or be cheerfully replaced. 

they have all been carefully grown with ample 
room to spread out. They have been systematically 
root pruned. Splendid stock in every 
>m particular. Prices are decidedly reason- 

BSSs. able for such Quality. 

Came to the nursery and let us talk your 
problem over. If you can't came , then write. 



[ICK5 

"Isaac Hicks &> Son 

Weslbury. Nassau County. N.Y. 



sturdy gentleman to pamper him. Give 
him plenty of room out of doors; make 
him work for you, if it is only bringing 
the papers up from the post office ; and 
do not cuddle him by the fire or stuff him 
with sweets and goodies. A fat, lazy Collie 
is a wholly disgraceful and pathetic object. 



A Method of Vitalizing Plant 
Growth 

EACH year sees the discovery of some 
new disease, some new pest, some 
new force that spells disease and death to 
crops. And with equal regularity are dis- 
covered methods for combating them, for 
rejuvenating the old growth and vitalizing 
the soil. Two methods that have success- 
fully passed the experiment stage are a 
process for inducing carbonic acid gas into 
the soil and into plants ; and the use of 
radium to stimulate growth. 

Investigation has proven that the more 
carbonic acid there is put into the soil, the 
more healthy and thrifty the bacteria will 
be, and hence the more fruitful the soil 
becomes. 

Appropriate apparatus has been devised 
for generating subsidiary gases and ap- 
plying them, with or without carbonic acid, 
to the soil. 

A small kit, suitable for garden or lim- 
ited orchard use, is supplied. It comprises 
a drum containing carbonic acid com- 
pressed into a liquid, a gas generator with 
chemicals in packages so labeled that any- 
one can use them, and the necessary brass 
and rubber piping with the needle for in- 
sertion into the soil. For heavier work a 
larger apparatus is made. 

Trees can be treated at any" season of 
the year. During the fall and winter the 
gas acts on the soil as a solvent, preparing 
food for the roots' absorption when 
growth commences in the spring. Holes 
are made with the round end of a crow- 
bar at several places among the roots, from 
one to two or three feet deep, according to 
the location of roots. Into these holes the 
needle is inserted and the gas blown in, 
care being taken to plug up the hole tight 
at the surface around the needle, and also 
after the needle is withdrawn. 

This work can be clone with great suc- 
cess when the ground is moderately frozen 
over, as the gas is then pressed in under 
an effective lid of frozen earth, which pre- 
vents escape of the gas. But the gassing 
may be done at any stage of the season's 
growth of either trees or garden plants. 
In dry weather, after gas has been ap- 
plied to the trees, water should be plenti- 
fully sprayed over the treated surface 
well water, if none else is available, but 
preferably rain water, washing water 
(soap suds) or waste from the farmyard, 
should be used. 



In writing to advertisers, please mention HOUSE & GARDEN. 




Your New Home 

and the 

Country House 
Number 



[The 

IAPCHITECTVPM 




If you are thinking of building a subur- 
ban residence or a country home, you will 
find the October issue of The Architectural 
Record of especial interest. 

It will illustrate and describe with 
floor plans more than 50 recent country 
houses representative of the best types 
designed by leading architects in the East- 
in the Middle West, and on the Pacific, 
Coast. 

From this number you will get many 
valuable suggestions and be better posted 
when you consult your own architect. 

In the business section you will find 
described all the latest and best building 
materials as well as the furnishings and 
specialties which add so much of distinc- 
tion, comfort and convenience. 

Special Dollar Offer 

For only $1 we will send you this valu- 
able Country House Number and the 
four following issues, together with a copy 
of last year's Country House Number 
six attractive and valuable issues that sell 
separately for 35 cents each. 

Simply clip and mail the attached 
coupon with $1 to 

The Architectural Record 



THE ARCHITECTURAL RECORD 

2222 Lewisohn Bldg., N. Y. City: 

I accept your special dollar offer. Find $1.00 
herewith (add $0.30 for Canada, $0.50 for Foreign). 



Name. 



Address. 



\ 













BOBBINK & ATKINS 

"WORLD'S CHOICEST NURSERY AND GREEN- 
HOUSE PRODUCTS" FOR FALL PLANTING. 

HOME-GROWN ROSES 

Make sure of good results and plant our ROSES, 
budded and grown on our Nursery. We grow 
every rose of merit. 

SHADE TREES 
and FLOWERING SHRUBS 

Our trees are frequently transplanted and indi- 
vidually tended, and have space to form well- 
shaped, healthy tops. 

BULBS and ROOTS 

You will find the cream of quality from every 
country. 

FRUIT TREES and BUSHES 

All varieties in all forms. 



By sending for our ILLUSTRATED GENICRAL CATALOG No. 40 and 
our Autumn Bulb Catalog, you can get an idea how vast and 
complete are our Collections of all trees and plants. 



We Plan and Plant Grounds and Gardens Everywhere 
Correspondence Invited 



NURSERYMEN 
FLORISTS and PLANTERS 




l . J. 



ARMOR W BRONZE 




For sate at all the better hoofy, jewelry and 

department shops. Or sent prepaid 

by us direct, on receipt of $12 



\ww 

A GOOD book, a bit of 
** music, or an evening's 
conversation is made the more 
enjoyable by the light of this 
quaint Owl Lamp. You will 
find it a welcome addition to 
your library table or a tasteful 
gift to a friend. Made in the 
artistic 

ARMOR BRONZE 

A seamless armor of pure bronze 
cast over an everlasting core. 

In Verde or Statuary Bronze finish. It 
stands sixteen inches 
high with the silk shade 
ofOldGoldorOldRose. 



Our magnificent catalogue, sent on request, will show 
you a wide variety of other Armor Bronze works of art that 
have all the durability and appearance of solid bronze at but a 
fraction of the cost. Door Stops, Book-ends, Trays 
and Table Pieces are some of the articles you will want to 
have. Write to us today. 

" The Intruder" the lieely little fellow off to the right, is a new 4 C 
and very popular book-end. A pair sent prepaid on receipt of W** 




NATIONAL METALIZING CO., 333 Fourth Ave. (near 25th St.) N. Y. 



Concrete walls that weather can't touch 

Ordinary concrete takes up water like blotting paper. 
Result: damp, spotted, unsightly walls, and possible 
disintegration. 

Bay State Kizt Coating 

is weatherproof it seals the holes in concrete, stucco, 
plain cement and brick against rain and snow. And it is 
permanent protection. 

"Bay State" preserves the distinctive texture of concrete. 
It comes in white and a variety of beautiful tints, enabling 
you to obtain rich, artistic effects. 

"Bay State" is for all kinds of 
buildings houses, bungalows, 
schools, mills and factories. 
Made for interiors, too. It is used 
in all parts of the country. If 
you desire to know just where, 
write for our booklet 2. If you 
are thinking of building, we'll be 
glad to send you sample can of 
'Bay State," free. When you 
write, say what tint you prefer. 



This panel shows why ordi~ 
r.ary cement absorbs water. 




WADSWORTH, HOWLAND & CO. 

Incorporated 
Boston, Mass. 
Paint and Varnish Makers 
New York Office: 
Architects' Building 




THE renown of \Vyomissing Nurseries as introducers of Peonies and Irises 
nnly slightly surpasses the reputation achieved as growers of everything 
needful for the hardy garden for among my whole list of plants and shrubs 
there is not a variety that can he considered as "common" or unworthy of a ; 
place in the most pretentious planting. 

HARDY PHLOX. My collection contains all the choic- 
est new varieties, including the most desirable Euro- 
pean novelties. A splendid collection of fifty plants in 
12 varieties is offered for $r>. 

THE WYOMISSING HYBRID DELPHINIUMS (grown 
from selected seed of my own saving) are of wonderful 
beauty and size; I can send you a dozen superb plants 
for $2.50. Besides these, I grow the finest named va- 
rieties, including the Belladonna Hybrids and the Chi- 
nensis species. 

More than 75 varieties of Lemoines' new Lilacs and 
Deutzias, many varieties of Philadelphia, Weigela, 
Lonicera, Viburnum, and the cream of the world's 
Roses in extra-strong two- and three-year-old plants, are 
grown at Wyomissing Nurseries. 

I want you to know these splendid perennials and shrubs for Fall planting, i 
and will gladly send you a copy of my book "Hardy Plant Specialties" (edition 
1915-1916), if you have not already received it. Fall planting time is here; i 
write me today about your garden I can help you to plan and plant it. 

WYOMISSING NURSERIES ! 
106 Garfield Avenue, Wyomissing, Penna. ! 

^miiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimiimiimiimimimiimimiimiiiiiiMiimimimiiiiiimimimiimiiiiiiiiiimimiiiiiiiiiiimiiim 



BERTRAND H. FARR, 



October, / p i 5 



Cut Coal Costs By Installing j* Boiler 



That Burns Soft Coal Smokelessly ! ! 

BITUMINOUS, or soft coal, costs an average of $3.75 a ton and con- 
tains about 14,300 heat units a pound, with 7 l A/o ash : Anthracite costs 
an average of $5.46 a ton; seldom contains more than 12,000 heat units a 

pound, and runs about 15% ash. So bituminous 
coal is not only cheaper but richer in heat value 
and contains less ash. 

There is no ordinance or law in any city, that prohibits the 
use of bituminous coal. The ordinances only prohibit smoke. 
And if your building is equipped with a boiler that burns all of the 
fuel it will comply with the smoke ordinance because smoke is 
nothing but unconsumed fuel. 

KEWANEE 



Fresh fuel is fed onto the 
upper water tube grates, the 
fire on the lower grates, being 
maintained by the hot coals, 
dropping onto it from above. 
This type of construction has 
been recommended by the most 
prominent engineers for many 
years for the smokeless and eco- 
nomical burning of soft coals. 



^> The draft is down, which 
^^ draws all of the heat-giving 
gases down through the fire on 
the upper grate, then down and 
over the hot coals on the lower 
grate. Any heat-giving gases not 
burned on the upper grate are 
completely burned below. This 
insures more heat with less coal, 
and smokeless combustion, be- 
cause smoke is nothing but un- 
burned fuel. 



The temperature of the gases 
leaving the boiler is unusu- 
ally low, proving that the heat 
generated in the firebox of the 
boiler is used for heating the 
water in the boiler and not 
wasted up the stack. 




Sectional view showing construction, Kewanee Smokeless 
Boiler (Portable) also made regularly in Brickset type. 



Smokeless Boilers 
Cut Coal Costs! 

First of all a Kewanee Smokeless Boiler permits the use of 
cheap soft coal because it burns it so perfectly that there cannot 
be any smoke. 

And recent tests of Kewanee Smokeless Boilers; burning soft 
coal under conditions similar to those prevailing in most large 
buildings; prove that their efficiency ranges from 73% to Si% 
while the ordinary type of boiler seldom averages better than 

60% when burning anthracite coal. 



Kewanee Smokeless Boilers are cutting coal 
costs by burning soft coal smokelessly in 
many of the best buildings in all parts of the 
country. Our nearest office would welcome an 
opportunity of proving this fact to you. 

* 

KEWANEE D^ILER CPMPANY 

KEWANEE, ILLINOIS 

Steel Heating Boilers, Radiators, Tank?, 
Water Heating Garbage Burners 

CHICAGO NEW YORK ST. LOUIS 
KANSAS CITY MINNEAPOLIS 



HO USE & GARDEN 




Copyright bv Underwood fr Underwood 



"Homestead" [Silver Campines 

THE VIGOROUS STRAIN 



T :-;Mvr,v or THIW 





Win at Boston, 1915, thirteen 
regular prizes, including four firsts, 
specials for best display, best cock, 
hen, cockerel and best pen. Three 
firsts and many regular prizes at 
Springfield, 1914, also at other 
shows our winnings were equally 
good. In addition to their blue rib- 
bon reputation our VIGOROUS 
STRAIN has an established reputa- 
tion for stamina, vigor, early ma- 
turity and heavy laying that makes 
them most desirable. We can fur- 
nish stock that should win at any 
show in the country. 

We have many fine youngsters. All in 
excellent form at prices worth considering. 
If you are interested we shall be glad to 
send you our catalogue. 



Our aim is full value, quality and satisfaction 
HOMESTEAD CAMPINE FARM, Box HG, Wayland, Mass. 




G.D.TILLEY 

Naturalist 

'Everything in the 

Bird Line from a 

Canary to an 

Ostrich" 



Birds for the House and Porch 

Birds for the Ornamental Waterway 

Birds for the Garden, Pool and Aviary 

Birds for the Game Preserve and Park 

I am the oldest established and larg- 
est exclusive dealer in land and water 
birds In America and have on hand the 
most extensive stock in the United States. 

G. D. TILLEY 

Box H. - Darien, Connecticut 




BOB WHITE QUAIL 
PARTRIDGES and PHEASANTS 

Capercailzies, Black Game, Wild Tur- 
keys, Quails, Rabbits, Deer, etc., for 
stocking purposes. Fancy Pheasants, 
Peafowl. Swans, Cranes, Storks, Orna- 
mental Geese and Ducks, Foxes, Squir- 
rels, Ferrets, etc., and all kinds of birds 
and animals. 
William J. Miekennn, Na'nr.list, Dcpt. C, Virdlty, Pa. 




Brooder 



No. 3 Poultry House 2 units Setting Coop 

BROODER can be operated out-of-doors in zero weather with 
little attention or expense. SO to 100 chicks 
No. 3 POULTRY HOUSE Fitted complete for 60 hens 8x20 
feet, $110.00. First pen, $60.00; additional pens, $50.00 each. 
Red Cedar, vermin-proof 

SETTING COOP to set a hen In and brood her chicks $3 00 
All neatly painted and quickly bolted together. Send for Illus- 
trated catalogue. 

E. F. HODGSON CO., 



,-, j-1 j-f. 
nOClJi 

_~ 

rVlfta 
M. ^fm. *-*~*. 

_ 
"J.OUSCS 



(Address all correspondence to Boston) 



October Poultry Work 



If the chickens have been allowed 
to roost in the trees, the owner will 
have rather an interesting time this 
month getting them into their houses 
at night. I have plucked Anconas, 
which fly high, out of the top 
branches with a fruit picker before 
this, but it is much better to teach 
the youngsters to go inside at night 
while they are small. Some people 
believe that sleeping outdoors makes 
sturdy chickens, but in any event 
every bird on the place, chicken, old 
hen and rooster, should be in winter 
quarters early this month. Moreover, 
these quarters should be ready to re- 
ceive them, clean, in good repair and 
with fresh sand on the floor. 

Naturally enough, the fowls will 
be able to run outside in the day- 
time until the ground freezes or wet 
weather comes, but when they are 
confined, it is important that an 
abundance of litter for them to 
scratch in be provided. A sudden 
change from an active to a sedentary 
life would not be at all favorable to 
egg production. Exercise in plenty 
seems to be desirable at all times if 
the pullets are to be kept in prime 
condition, and physical fitness is the 
first requirement. The litter may 
consist of leaves, straw, hay, chopped 
corn stalks or the commercial prod- 
uct made from peat, which is especi- 
ally sanitary and easy to handle, but 
rather expensive as to first cost, al- 
though it lasts a long time. From 4" 
to 6" is about the right depth of 
litter, the larger breeds needing more 
than those that are small. As the 
litter is broken up by the industrious 
scratching of the hens, more may be 
added. 

It is poor policy to crowd the 
poultry, and 4 sq. ft. of floor space 
to each bird is none too much, al- 
though less may be given safely in 
a large house. In a very small coop, 
considerable more space per hen is 
needed. One hen in a pen with but 
4 sq. ft. to move around in would be 
very closely confined indeed. It is 
not well to keep old and young birds 
together, and uniformity in all ways 
is at least desirable. On one large 
plant, all the pullets are weighed in 
the fall and then divided, so that no 
house contains birds varying more 
than half a pound in weight. This 
practice is not advocated, but the 
owner of the commercial plant men- 
tioned thinks that it is worth while. 



There is no more reason for shut- 
ting up the poultry houses at night 
now than there has been all summer. 
Pullets and cockerels that have been 
submitted to the fresh air treatment 
will need no extra protection until 
the mercury drops close to the zero 
mark. Indeed, the mistaken policy 
of shutting up the poultry houses 
tightly at night after the birds have 
gone into the winter quarters may 
be the cause of serious trouble. 

Pullets that lay abnormally early 
are to be shunned, but it pays to keep 
tabs on those which start laying early 
this month. If these pullets are also 
well developed and well marked, they 
should be honored with bands on 
their legs. If kept over a second 
season, they will be valuable as breed- 
ers, and the bands, which may be of 
aluminum or celluloid, will make 
their identification easy later. 

Colds and roup are common 
sources of loss and trouble this 
month. No one should expect such 
difficulties, and they may be avoided 
by keeping the pullets from trailing 
through wet grass and reposing 
under dripping bushes and from 
crowding in their pens at night. It 
is well to keep the birds confined to 
yards in the morning until the grass 
dries off and to provide ample roost- 
ing facilities. If signs of colds do 
appear, permanganate of potash may 
be used in the drinking water as a 
disinfectant. It can be bought in the 
form of crystals at the drug stores, 
and enough should be used to color 
the water a light pink. Very sick 
birds should be quarantined. 

Heavy feeding should be the rule 
from now on, grain being scattered 
in the litter and a dry mash kept be- 
fore the birds. A variety of grain 
will be appreciated, but a daily ration 
consisting of two parts corn, one part 
wheat and one part oats will give 
good results, if supplemented with a 
dry mash and green food. Cracked 
corn may be used to advantage, be- 
cause the birds have to do more 
work in order *o get their fill, but it 
is well to feed some whole corn at 
night to make sure that the pullets 
cram their crops to the limit of their 
capacity before they go to roost It 
it a long time to breakfast at this 
season of the year. 

Of course, green food may be had 
at any season by sprouting oats or 
soaking alfalfa in boiling water. 



October, 1915 



The Best Place 
for rest or rec- 
reation or re- 
cuperation is 

Atlantic City 

and 

CHALFONTE 

is especially 
well adapted to 
accommodate 
those who come 
to secure them. 



Write for illustrated 
Folder and Rates to 

THE LEEDS COMPANY 

ON THE BEACH 
ALWAYS OPEN 







Cornea In 17 harmonious shades. 
Makes cheap, soft woods as 
artistic as hard wood). If you 
an Interested In building. w 
will mail you free a Dollar 
Portfolio of Wood Paneli. snow- 
ln all popular woods finished 
wltfi Johnson's Wood Finishes 
The Panels and the 25c book 
HUM H.O10 are Free and Poit- 
Mll. 

S. C. Jehiion & Son. Racine, Wis 
"Tltt Wood Pinto/line Authorities" 



NATCO- HOLLOW ' 




What's Beyond Your Walls? 

YOU'RE at home in the library with its cheery atmosphere and sur- 
rounded by objects whose association makes them very dear to you. 
Your walls shut out the world and its worries, but do they shut out 
one fear that arises as you look around? Is the menace of a fire that might 
destroy your home always beyond the walls and out of your mind? 

You can keep that disquieting fear beyond your walls forever if you 
build your home of 

NATCO -HOLLOW-TILE 

Fire insurance is a part of foresight, to be sure, but the man who 
builds his home of Natco throughout is insuring not merely against financial 
loss but against loss of the personal possessions that no money can duplicate. 

Besides the fire-safety, Natco gives your home an equally effective and 
enduring protection against the assaults of age and the elements. Nature 
has no power that can ever take your Natco Home from you. With its 
air blankets, it aids you in keeping out Winter's cold and Summer's heat. 

Whenever and whatever you do build, remember Natco not only as the material to use 
but as a free Service at your command. The Service of the experienced Natco Engineers 
... _ working with you, your Architect and Contractor from the first plans to 

Tile and itii In- ** C_:_l 1 I :u: lvT-.__ c-_.__-__ _ t -i e _- -L .. l__ M___ 

limit air blan- 



ket* pro. I do 
protection 
' I h.at. 



.I.I..U1 
MM. 




the finished building. Natco Service is one of the factors that make Natco 
construction so uniformly satisfactory and economical. It prevents mistakes 
c.-;id.d.,pns.; and waste in building. 

Now, while you are thinking about Natco, find out more about Natco. 
Send for our 32-page hand-book, "Fireproof Houses," with photographs and 
descriptions of Natco Residences. Mailed anywhere for lOc (stamps or 
coin). Address Dept. Y 

NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING COMPANY 

EttahliihrJ 1889 

Offices in All Principal Cities " PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA 



IRISES 



Our beautiful illustrated treatise The 
Iris mailed upon request. 

Our large collection contains some rare 
species suited to milder climates, as well as a 
lame collection of the hardier varieties. 

THE DEAN IRIS GARDENS 

Irll Specialists 
MONETA, CALIFORNIA 




Residence in Hudson Asphalt Shingles 

Red Slate Surfaced Green 
RostUt Park, N. J. BEAUTIFY THE HOME 

R. Hayes, BuiUtr Need "O pelntln. or .talnlns, and nuke 
permanent, leak-proof, fadeless. 

flre-reslting roof. 

Roofed with Sample* of //M<feon Stiinolt* atut tmr 

too*. "Sttiwlimr and Hoof*,." enU /r... 
Hudson Asphalt txMlxtid. cm reelutf. 

ASPHALT READY ROOFING CO. 
ShtncUs r>,p t . 451 Church Si. New York 



SETH THOMAS 
CLOCKS 

For a Century the National Timekeeper 

SETH THOMAS CLOCK CO.~ 
IS MAIDEN LANE NEW YORK CITY 



' ' /JHYTHING from a plant to 
/I a planting" is covered by the 
/ I completeness of Cromwell 
-^- -^ Gardens' Service. Let us 
send you our Fall Planting Catalog. 
It is yours for the asking. 
A. N. PIERSON, Inc. 
Cromwell Gardens, Cromwell, Conn. 




Hardy 
Phlox 

There are no other 
plants that bloom all 
the season through 
like the Phlox. 

300 varieties 

Sad for list 

W.F.Schmeiske 

Hospital Station 
Bine ham ton, 

Boil I 



> Y. 



Lilies, Iris. Tulips, Hyadnths. Narcissus 

and all other Fall Bulbs. 

Paeonies, Phloxes 

and other hardy perennials, 
ilso Shrubs and rare nw 
Fruits for fall planting. 
New window or wlnttr 
blooming plants. Boa- 
ton Ferns In great variety. 
Salvla Grelfi. double-flow 
ered orange, and manj 
other startling noreltiea. 
We are the largest growers of 
LHJes and Irts in America 
Send for Illustrated 
Catalogue, free 

John Lewis Child*, Inc., Floral Park, N. T 




HOUSE & GARDEN 




Jftelteton 

Riverdale-on-Hudson, 242d 

St. and 1 Broad way 

Between VanCortlandt Park 

and the Hudson River 

COMBINES THE ADVANTAGES 
OP ACCESSIBILITY. ENVIR- 
< ONMENT AND HEALTH 

Here are plots with indi- 
viduality, amid picturesque 
hills and woodlands, right in 
New York City. 

For Particulars Address 
DELAFIELD ESTATE 



27 Cedar Street, New York 
527 5th Ave., Cor. 44th St. 




Residence of Clayton S. Cooper (Author) 



Prir\cetor\ 



M-rft'ct home town 



Charming homes amid beautiful 
and refined environment the ideal 
residential town. No manufactur- 
ing. Midway between New York 
and Philadelphia express train 
service, 

Rentals from $300 to $6000 a 
year. Completely furnished homes 
also for rent. 

Other desirable properties in 
town and country for sale or rent, 
furnished or unfurnished. 
WALTER B. HOWE, Princeton, N. J. 



New /ork Off/re 56 Cedar Stnet 




DAVEYTREESURGEONS 



Have your trees examined now! Learn 
their real conditions and needs from this 
expert source without charge. Ask for 
booklet illustrating Davey Tree Surgery, 

THE DAVEY TREE EXPERT CO. 
2024 KENT, OHIO 



Going 



Then write for our 



to Build? intere ' ting book 



written just for 
prospective builders 



THE YALE & TOWNE MFG. CO. 

Makers of Yale Products 
9 EAST 40th STREET NEW YORK 



"BILLIARDS The Home Magnet" FREE ! 

A handsomely illustrated book showing all Brunswick 
Home Carom and Pocket Billiard Tables in actual 
colors, giving easy terms, prices, etc. Sent Free! 

WriUfa illoJay. 
The Brunawick-Balke Collender Co. 

DEPT. 15W, CHICAGO 



Town or 
Country ? 



NOW that the summer 
is over, are you one 
who would like to 
move into the suburbs this 
fall and experience what 
autumn in the countryside 
means ? 

Would you like to change 
the crowded streets for the 
simple, healthy life of the 
country? 

House & Garden can help 
you decide that question. You 
need only to advise us what 
you prefer in the way of 
houses, the approximate 
amount you wish to pay, and 
your choice of location. 

House & Garden may be 
ahle to find you just the 
house you will want. Whether 
it be a bungalow in the moun- 
tains, a cottage in a small 
town, a shooting lodge on the 
lake, a small or a large estate 
in the suburbs, House & 
Garden can put you in touch 
with the real estate agents 
who can supply your wants. 

Address the 

Real Estate Mart, 

HOUSE & GARDEN, 

440 Fourth Ave., New York. 



The Last Crop Work Out of Doors 

(Continued from page 20) 



bush beans, and all of the pole beans 
if properly dried when mature are 
good for cooking or for seed next 
year; but they should be harvested 
soon after the first light frost and 
put under cover in an airy place to 
dry thoroughly, as a few days of 
wet weather is likely to sprout them 
if they are left on the plant. 

Cucumbers should be gathered 
safely in advance of the first frost 
and the best of the medium-sized 
fruits selected and kept in as cold a 
place as possible; the larger ones 
may be ripened in a frame in the 
same way as melons, and used for 
slicing and cooking in batter in the 
same way as egg plant, making a 
very palatable dish. 

Sweet corn, cut and shocked in the 
same way as field corn, will keep in 
a much better condition than if it is 
allowed to freeze; it should not be 
cut, of course, until an immediate 
frost threatens. If gallon jars are 
used, sweet corn may be preserved 
on the cob with very little trouble by 
the cold pack method, and it makes 
a novel and delicious dish for mid- 
winter; selected ears of Golden Ban- 
tam and other small varieties will 
pack fairly well in wide mouthed 
quart or two-quart jars; the more 
matured ears may be used for can- 
ning in the ordinary way. 

The storage place itself should be 
clean and dry and, for most things, 
dark; the temperature required for 
most things about 35 should be 
maintained as evenly as possible by 
thorough ventilation and, where nec- 
essary, by artificial heat. During the 
fall, after first storing, the windows 
should be left open at night and 
closed during the day, and, later on, 
in cold weather, the reverse. 

The vegetables for storing should 
be perfectly sound, clean and dry be- 
fore being put away. They should 
always be handled with great care ; 
the slightest bruise is the source of 
future trouble. Rats and mice should 
be carefully guarded against; cement 
or plaster with broken glass in it will 
effectually stop any hole and chem- 
ical poisons, carefully used, will clean 
them out. 

A good frost-proof cellar with ade- 
quate ventilation is the best place for 
storing vegetables. If there is a fur- 
nace, the vegetable room should be 
partitioned off with double walls, 
leaving an air space between. A 
room that can be kept cold in a base- 
ment or on the north side of the 
house will answer in case no cellar 
is available. For many things, an 



idle hotbed may be used, or a vege- 
table pit may be constructed with 
comparatively little expense. For 
this purpose, it is much cheaper in 
the end to use concrete, as wood will 
rot out in a few years, and is, of 
course, much more likely to harbor 
disease spores. 

Some time in advance of the actual 
harvesting, the gardener should pro- 
vide himself with an adequate sup- 
ply of barrels, crates and boxes. The 
slatted crates in which Texas and 
Bermuda onions are shipped may be 
bought in most grocery stores for 
ten cents apiece, and provide one of 
the best packages for storing vege- 
tables and fruits, as they admit air 
freely and may be stacked on top of 
each other without putting any 
weight on the contents, and are good 
for melons, squash, beans, cabbage, 
cauliflower, onions, apples and pears. 
For vegetables, which should be 
packed in soil, like the root crops, 
ordinary cracker boxes which may be 
had in two sizes holding a bushel and 
a half bushel each, are very conven- 
ient. For bulky things, such as cab- 
bage and squash, slatted vegetable 
barrels may be used instead of the 
onion crates. The common sugar or 
flour barrel, for the purposes of the 
home gardener, is about the most in- 
convenient container that can be 
found and the one most generally 
used. 

All of these root crops are quite 
hardy and can be left out until there 
is danger of their being frozen below 
ground. Parsnips and oyster plants, 
in fact, can remain out over winter 
and part of the crop should always 
be so left for use in early spring. 
Beets, turnips and carrots and as 
many of the parsnips and oyster 
plants as are wanted for winter stor- 
age should be dug and sorted and 
the tops cut off, but not close enough 
to make them "bleed." While it is 
not necessary, it is a good plan to 
wash them off before storing. Clean 
sand or sphagnum moss should be 
placed in the boxes or bins in which 
the vegetables are packed; the object 
being to keep the vegetables supplied 
with moisture so that they will not 
shrivel, and still have them available. 
The large winter radishes may be 
stored in the same way. 

The purpose of storing winter cel- 
ery is not only to keep it but also to 
blanch it. For a small quantity, the 
cracker boxes, already mentioned, 
may be used. Put two or three 
inches of sand on the bottom of each 
and pack the celery in. 



October, 1915 




This Fence 
Can't Be Climbed 

Keeps mischievous boys out. 
Prevents deliberate steal- 
ing. Fully protects out of 
way parts of your property. 

Wire Is such close mesh, 
It keeps even small animals 
or chickens either in or out. 

Enduring. Moderate In cost. Send 
for catalog and prices. 

HtSTERPFUSE 

lR,orN WORKS 

2420 Yandea St., Indlanapolie, I nd. 



ODOooa 




CURTAINS 
DRAPERIES 

AND 

PORTIERS 

Made to 
Measure 

after your own 
(election of 
style and ma- 
terials. Ready 
to hang and 
guaranteed 
to fit. 

IfrittforCatalogui ofDraptritl anJFurnitttrr 

SANFORD SHOPS, Inc. 

Dept.D 1 49 West 45th St ., New York City 



IRIS LILIES AND JAPANESE 
GARDEN SPECIALTIES 

We have one of the largest storks of Iris, etc 
In this country. Over 400 varieties of Iris 
August to November Is the time to plant Iris 
Lilies and other perennials. 

Send for Catalogue 

Rainhnw fiarrlpnc I98 M <">treil Are. 
i\diiiuuw uaraens, Sl Piu| Minn 



Trees, Shrubs, Evergreens 
Roses, Perennial Plants 

set out this Fall will make a better 
growth next summer than those 
planted In Sprint;. Helpful sugges- 
tions on how to make the home 
grounds attractive are found In our 
General Catalog. Send for your copy 
today, it is free. 

Two Special Offers 

12 strong two- year old 
SHRUBS in six best varieties 
(regular price, J3.50), spe- 
cial price $2.50 

12 strong t w o year - old 
HARDY ROSE PLANTS in 
six or more varieties (regular 
price, $3.50), special price. 

$2.50 

Hyacinths, Tulips, Daffodils, should 
be planted now for best results 
Baur's Book of Bulbs lists the de- 
sirable kinds and gives valuable 
planting hints. Send for free copy. 

BAUR FLORAL CO. 

15 East Ninth St., Dept. E, Erie, Pa. 






"FL 









IN the old colonial days 
floors were noted for 
their beauty. Today 
they are not only noted for 
theirbeauty, but alsofortheir 
durability, when they are fn- 
hheduiith *61" FloorVarnish. 

"61" is not only water proof 
and durable, but it actually with- 
stands abuse. It is heel-proof 
and mar-proof. 

Send for valuable book and two 

Free Sample Panel* 
one finished with "61" and the 
other with Vitralite, the Long- 
Life White Enamel. Here at last 
is the enamel that will not crack, 
peel, nor turn yellow, whether 
used insiJe or outsi.tr, on wood, 
metal, plaster or cement and 
it latti longer than paint. 

Till lualttj / t. a L. famish Prvluat 
hat alwajt kftn thtir ttrtngtit guaranui. 
Our ittabliihfd folifj it full Mtitfaaien ir 
tlUflff rtturttled. 

Pratt .1 Lambert Varnish Product! arc UKd 
by painters, specified by architects, and sold 
by paint and hardware dealers everywhere, 

Adilrnis inquiries to Pratt* Lambert- 1 nc.. 
117 Tonawanda SI. . Buffalo. N. Y. In Can- 
ada. 81 Counwritht St., BrUlgeburi, OnL 



THE 
LONG-LIFE 



.. 

WHITE ENA: 



Looking For a Country House? 

Auvumn weather suggests back to town or country. Then you are probably looking 
for a house In the suburbs. Let House & Garden Real Estate Mart help you. Refer 
to the announcements. Write and tell us what you prefer, and we may save you 
time and bother In house hunting. 

REAL ESTATE IMART. HOUSE & GARDEN 

44O Fourth Avenue, New York 




IT PAYS TO FERTILIZE 

TULIPS NARCISSUS HYACINTHS 

To be successful In growing bulbs it Is necessary to 
use well rotted horse manure which will rot the bulbs 
If it comes in contact with them. BUT with pul- 
verized manure you take no such chances. To MCHIM 
any worry as to the outcome of your labor* in pro- 
ducing flowers, we offer you 

Diamond Brand Compost D.'".""^. 1 ..' 



273 



Our Compost is absolutely free from weed seeds 
It Is largely humus and contains an abundance 
of plant foods. It positively will not rot the 
bulbs ; you can mix it directly In the oil In 
which you plant your bulbs and get results as 
never before. 

Put up in bags 100 Ibi. rack. 

Write JOT circular "B" and pricts 

NEW YORK STABLE MANURE COMPANY 
WASHINGTON STREET JERSEY CITY, N. J. 



The Byzantine Wonder Lily 

Introduced by Us in 1908 

This bulb needs ab- 
solutely no water, no 
soil. Place In a warm, 
sunny spot. Within 2 
to 3 weeks the masses 
of rosy, fairy flowers 
unfold, showing gold- 
en stamens in center. 
This magic budding 
and blossoming Is a 
dally interest and de- 
light to Invalids and 
shut-ins. Order your 
supply now for your 

THANKSGIVING TABLE 

A bowl fall of these dainty, unique flowers 
Interspersed with ferns or greenery rivals the 
costliest orchids 

I 3 I 12 

Lara* Bulk* $0.20 $0.50 $1.00 $1.75 

Momtsr 30 .80 1. 50 2.78 

Jumboi (scant) .. .40 1. 10 

Prio* includes delivery. 

Send for our Pall Bulb Book. Free. 

H. H. BERGER & CO. 




70 Warren Street 



New York 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



THE DOG SHOW 



- THE" 

MIDRIFF KENNELS 

W. T. PAYNE, Owner 

For the past twenty-eight years we have 
been the largest breeder and exhibitor of 
Cocker Spaniels. 

During that time we have won more prizes 
than any other exhibitor in the United States 
or Canada. 

Our entire breeding stock, including both 
stud dogs and matrons, are the very best ob- 
tainable. 

Our dogs are all farm raised. Insuring strong 
constitutions and rugged health, and the de- 
velopment of their intelligence and house 
manners receives the same careful attention 
as the maintenance of their health. 

We always have a large number on hand, 
both sexes, all ages and In all the various 
standard colors for sale. 

Also several broken and unbroken. Point- 
ers, Setters and Irish Water Spaniels. 
For full particulars, description and prices, address 

THE MIDRIFF KENNELS, Dallas, Pa. 



Airedale Terriers 

From the greatest living sires 
Ch. Soudan SwivelWr, Ch. King Oorang and 
Gold Heels. Farm - raised, very keen, alert 
and full of vigor, with true terrier character- 
istics. Prices reasonable. Shipped on ap- 
proval to responsible parties. 
THOMAS K. BRAY, 232 Clark Street, West- 
field, N. J. Phone 424- M Westfleld 



A rare opportunity to 
secure a 

Beautiful Royal Siamese Ca t 

The most fascinating and 

affectionate of pets 
Tbree litter? of lineat pe- 
diffroe at moderate prices 
if taken young. Illustra- 
ted booklet upon request. 

Black Short Haired 
Cattery 

M9MKIKKfn.UM.11M 





UatchoW. Huterpie 



Airedale 

Terriers 

Of the Best Possible Breeding 

MINNEWASKA 
KENNELS 

(Rtiistrrtd) 

'Glen wood, Minn. 



BOOK ON 

DOG DISEASES 

AND HOW TO FEED 



iMailed'free to any address 
by the Author 

A Ronr* H CLAY GLOVER, V.S. 
Dog Remedies 118 West 31! St., New York 





Thoroughbred 
COLLIE 
PUPS 

stock. Both puppies 
and mature stock for 
sale. Send for list 
if interested in good 
blood. 

Kish-Ke-Kosh 

Kennels 
Albia : Iowa 




Show Collies of the famous 
Seedley & Soulhporl Strains 

Two beautiful registered 
Colliea of fashionable type, 
having: the long tapering 
beads, small eyes and ears, 
the fancier looks for. Pedi- 



E. B. JOHNSTON 
Bellevue :: Kentucky 



AIREDALE TERRIERS 

If you want a real pal, 
guard, or companion for 
your children get an 
Airedale. 1 usually have 
husky, country raised 
puppies and grown ter- 
riers for sale at $20.00 
and upwards. 
Neshonshon Farm Ken- 
nels, Bridgeport. Conn. 
R. F. D. 52. 



A SAFE COMPANION FOR YOUR 
CHILDREN OR FOR YOURSELF 

A Necessity for your Country 
Home 

A GOOD DOG 

Send for our illustrated booklet 
showing the German Shepherd 
Dog (Police Dog) and his per- 
formances. This is free upon 
request. 

POLICE DOGS 
PALISADE KENNELS 

East Killingly, Conn. 




Pekingese 

Fifty grown dogs and pup- 
pies, all ages, colors, large 

"sleeve" specimens. All 
Champion bred and selected 

Europe and America. Some 
as low as $26. Write for de- 
scriptions and pictures, 

MRS. H. A. BAX1ER 

GmtltaM. Uel.418or481 
fifttAw., Id. 1806 Murray Hill 



We Have Your Dog 

It may not be the one to herd 
sheep, retrieve birds, nor clear 
the rats out of your barn. Most 
dogs are good watchers and 
companions, but all are not 
husky enough to repel invaders 
nor act as rat killers, etc. 

But we know just where the 
right dog for you may be had. 

We are in touch with many 
good kennels. We can put you 
in touch with the right ones. 
We can tell you, not only where 
your dog may be had, but the 
probable cost and the points to 
look for. 

Here is the way we helped one 
man: 

Spooner, Minn. 

House & Garden, New York City. 
Dear Sir: Thinking you and Mr. 
Bray might be interested, I am en- 
closing a Kodak of "Blossom." the 
Airedale which you were so kind to 
get for me. Am very much pleased 
with "Blossom" and am sure she 
will prove a find. 

Am going to ask another favor. 
Would like to have you advise me in 
regard to a pet cat t one of good 
stock, but not expensive; long-haired 
and snow-white and young. I want 
a pet for a lady. Thanking you for 
past favors, and for your early reply. 

Sincerely yours, J. M. P. 

We easily satisfied this 
man. His request was prompt- 
ly handled. We can do the 
same and just as well for you. 
May we? 

Just tell us approximately what 
you want to pay, the purpose for 
which you are buying a dog, and 
any breed preference that you may 
have. 

By asking our co-operation now, 
you'll have your companion as soon 
as your Instructions are received, 
and your message carried to the 
proper kennels. Address 

The Dog Show 

HOUSE & GARDEN 

440 Fourth Ave. New York 



Selecting the Puppy 



Wisdom in the selection of a pup 
has far more bearing on the future 
satisfaction of the owner with his 
dog than many people realize, for, 
without reopening the discussion as 
to the reasoning powers of dogs, 
there can be no denial of the fact 
that they have marked traits of in- 
dividuality which often make or mar 
the relation that exists between them 
and their owners. 

By way of illustration, let us con- 
sider a litter of half a dozen normal, 
healthy, six or seven-weeks-old pup- 
pies of almost any breed. One or 
two of them are sure to be leaders, 
more active, ambitious, self-assertive 
and independent than the rest. Two 
or three will appear merely average 
in disposition and physique, while 
the last is apt to be somewhat smaller 
and, at first glance, the least desir- 
able of all. 

If you contemplate buying one out 
of such a litter, take note of these 
varying traits, for they are indica- 
tive of what the characters of the 
pups will tend to become as they 
mature. Watch them for fifteen or 
twenty minutes when they are awake 
and active, playing with them a little 
after they have become accustomed 
to your presence. Show them some 
puppishly interesting object, such as 
an old glove, which you drag about 
on the floor and shake a little to 
attract their attention. The pups that 
are indifferent to you or the glove, 
preferring to sit around in a bored 
sort of way and probably go to sleep, 
are not the prize of the collection 
for the person who wants a good 
canine companion. The inquisitive 
one that follows after the glove, hap- 
pily wagging his tail and evincing a 
lively interest in all that occurs, 
should develop into a good dog; he 
has intelligence, good humor and 
solid worth: If one of them bosses 
the others around, forcing his way 
to the choicest place at the dinner 
table or the most comfortable spot 
in the straw bed, the chances are that 
he will grow to be an aggressive, 
probably selfish dog, with an eye to 
his own personal comfort and de- 
sires. The shrinking, timid pup that 
cowers and cringes at every new 
sight, sound or movement, may have 
brains galore, but his lack of initia- 
tive and "nerve" is too apt to remain 



with him through life. Any or all 
of these characteristics in the puppies 
may be altered by future circum- 
stances and treatment, but the ten- 
dency will always be present to a 
greater or less degree. 

The facial expression of the young- 
sters is another, though a less cer- 
tain, guide in selection. The pup 
that cocks his head and studies things 
in an interested way thereby shows 
an active brain in comparison with 
his more apathetic brothers and sis- 
ters, although his action may indicate 
merely that his intelligence has 
awakened earlier than with the rest. 
The little fellow with the sad, intro- 
spective face, devoid of any sign of 
interest in affairs of the moment, is 
apt to prove less even-dispositioned 
and companionable than would one 
of the brighter faced pups. 

To sum up, study the puppies for 
signs of the disposition you desire in 
the mature dog. Character shows 
early and deserves careful considera- 
tion. 

Turning now to the purely physi- 
cal characteristics, only a few gen- 
eral suggestions can be offered, be- 
cause the details of bone, head and 
other formations vary widely in dif- 
ferent breeds. You should look for 
a well-set-up youngster that gives the 
impression of general health. If he 
shows any sign of skin irritation 
or rash, be careful ; often this is 
caused by eczema, a most trouble- 
some ailment to cure. In the matter 
of size as compared to that of the 
rest of the litter, the usual plan is to 
pick out a pup that is at least up to 
the average, for he shows as good a 
share of stamina and nourishment as 
has fallen to the lot of the others. 
A well-boned, symmetrical pup, even 
if his youthfulness does make his 
legs a bit thin and wabbly, gives 
promise of developing into a husky, 
well-built dog. Needless to say, he 
should also present a .well-fed, rea- 
sonably fat appearance. 

Just a word, now, in behalf of the 
"runt" of the litter. Often there is 
such a one, noticeably smaller than 
the rest. If he seems sound and 
healthy, do not worry over his small 
size unless you want him for show 
purposes, for what he lacks in stat- 
ure he often makes up in brains. 
R. S. LEMMON. 




Copyright by Underwood & Underwood 

"Elsa," "Lottie," "Hexe West End" and "Wilhelmina," blue ribbon 
winners at the Southampton Dog Show. Owned by E. A. Buchmiller 



October, 1915 






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with every fixture necessarily fastened permanently in its position, 
the bathroom, once completed, becomes a part of the house. It should 
therefore be carefully planned and equipped with fixtures which will 
retain their beauty and efficiency for an age. 

The Trenton Potteries Company 

Bathroom Fixtures 



The ancient art of the potter has been 
combined with modern science in making 
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Architects and plumbers everywhere will 
assure you there is nothing 
better. 



Send for Booklet L-8. "Bathrooms of Character" 

ft is a helpful guide to use in planning a bathroom 

THE TRENTON POTTERIES COMPANY, Trenton, N. J. 

The largest makers of Sanitary Pottery In U S A. 






>-u.er price.. C.t.loifr.7 Kv.M-6 

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CHARMING 

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Furniture 

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Other Western Electric utilities that 
make the modern home complete 
are washing machines, electric irons, 
dish washers, fans, toasters and 
numerous electrical devices that are 
fully explained and 
illustrated in the 
new booklet en- 
titled, "The Elec- 
trical Way." We 
shall be glad to 
mail this booklet 
on request to any 
address. 




As you build, prepare your 

home for Vacuum Cleaning 

and for Inter-phoning 

Western Electric 

Stationary Vacuum Cleaner 

It is so easy and costs so little additional when the house is going up 
to run the piping for a built-in vacuum cleaner. You can install the 
cleaner at once or at any future time. The important thing is to provide 
for it when building. 

The pipes go between the partitions, and in the baseboard of each 
room is placed an inconspicuous opening covered by a smooth hinged lid. 
The cleaning hose is connected as shown in the little picture in the circle. 
Pressing a button starts the motor and fan of the apparatus in the cellar, 
and all of the dust and dirt is drawn through the suction pipe to the 
receptacle in the basement. Cleaning carpets, rugs, upholstery, curtains, 
mattresses, etc., by the vacuum cleaner is the modern way. And by far 
the most convenient of all vacuum cleaners is the Western Electric 
built-in type. 

Western Electric 

Inter-phones 

The Inter-phone is another convenience and 
time saver which can be economically provided for 
when building. 

It costs no more for the wiring than is necessary 
for the ordinary call bell, and it is possible when 
building to have the wiring so planned that it can 
be utilized for the ordinary call-bell system and at 
a later time the Inter-phone may be placed if it is 
desired to defer that expense until later. 

The photograph shows an Inter-phone in the bedroom. The same 
style of wall plate is used as for the ordinary push button. It is a great 
convenience to have the rooms, or the house and the garage, connected 
by telephone, and any electrician will explain how easy it is to have 
Western Electric Inter-phones installed when building. 

We have published an explanatory booklet on these home 
necessities. Its suggestions to the home builder and photo- 
graphic illustrations of actual installations are well worth 
having. It will be a pleasure for us to mail to you booklet 
No. 241-A, and a line from you to our nearest house will 
bring it. Please mention this magazine when writing. 

WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY 




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October, 1915 




OCTOBER 
1915 



CONTENTS 



Vol. XXVIII 
No. Four 



COVER GARDEN OF "BROOKSIDE," HOME OF WILLIAM HALL 
WALKER, ESQ., AT GREAT BARRINGTON, MASS. 

Photograph by Herbert I. Angell. 
FRONTISPIECE THK HALL AT "EOLIA," GOSHEN POINT, NEW 

LONDON, CON N 10 

James Gamble Rogers, architect 
THE TRADITION AND PURPOSE OF PAINTED FURNITURE 11 

Elsie de Wolfe 
THE BULBS TO PLANT Now FOR HOLIDAY BLOOMING 15 

Eloise Roorback 
THE HOME OF RALPH W. HARRISON, ESQ., AT SEWICKLEY, PA. . . 16 

MacClure & Sphar, architects 
YOUR HUNTING COMPANIONS 18 

Warren H. Miller 
THE LAST CROP WORK OUT OF DOORS 20 

D. R. Edson 
LIGHTING THE OLD HOUSE AND THE NEW 21 

Clara Brown Lyman 
ORIENTAL RUGS 23 

Vincent Yardum 
A FORMAL TERRACED GARDEN BY THE SEA 26 

Allen & Collins, architects 

NEW FURNITURE AND REPRODUCTIONS OF THE OLD 28 

OCTOBER PLANTING TO SAVE Six MONTHS.. 29 

F. F. Rocku'ell 



"FARNSWORTH," HOME OF C. K. G. BILLINGS, ESQ., AT OYSTER 

BAY, LONG ISLAND 32 

Guy Lowell, architect 

WHAT EVERY KITCHEN NEEDS 34 

Cecil F. Baker 

THE COLLECTORS' DEPARTMENT OF ANTIQUES AND CURIOS 37 

Conducted by Gardner Teall 

THE HOUSE OF WILLIAM C. CHENEY, ESQ., AT SOUTH MAN- 
CHESTER, CONN 38 

A. Raymond Ellis, architect 
THE HOUSE OF R. M. ELLIS, ESQ., AT GREAT NECK, L. 1 39 

Aymar Embury II., architect 
THE FINISH AND CARE OF OLD FURNITURE 40 

Abbot McClure & H. D. Eberlein 
A HOUSING EXPERIMENT IN STUTTGART.. 41 

/. /. Klabcr 

FABRICS FOR THE DINING-ROOM 44 

CONSERVATORIES FOR THE MODERN HOME 45 

May W. Mount 

SEEN IN THE SHOPS 48 

GARDEN SUGGESTIONS AND QUERIES SO 

Conducted by F. F. Rockwell 
INTERIOR DECORATIONS 51 

Conducted by Agnes Foster 
EDITORIAL 52 



Readers of HOUSE & GARDEN have at their command a staff of com- 
petent architects, landscape gardeners, practical farmers, kennel ex- 
perts, poultry raisers, interior decorators, antique and curio experts 
and shoppers of whose services they can readily avail themselves. 
Questions in any of these departments and in any 
phase of house building, house furnishing and 
gardening, will receive prompt replies. State 
your problems clearly. In landscape gardening 
questions, send sketch map of your grounds. All 
inquiries must be accompanied by a self-addressed 
stamped envelope. The service is free. 

Addresses of where to purchase any article 
will be sent by mail without charge, and as 
promptly as possible. The HOUSE & GARDEN 
Shopping Service will purchase any article shown 
on these pages. 

The Editor is always pleased to examine any 
material that may be submitted for publication, 
but he assumes no responsibility for it, either 
in transit or while in his possession, although all 
reasonable care will be taken. Full postage should 
always be enclosed for the return of unavailable 
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The address of subscribers can be changed as 
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give both the new address and the name and 
address, exactly as it appeared on the wrapper 
of the last copy received. Three weeks' notice 
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Door to Self-House 
H. M. Bowdoin, architect 
PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY CONDE NA1ST 

440 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK 

GEORGE VON UTASsv coNDi NAST, President 

Business Manager KICHARDSON WRIGHT, Editor 
SUBSCRIPTIONS: $3.00 a year in the U. S., Colonies and Mexico. $3.50 Canada. 

Entered as Second Class Matter at the Post Office at New York City. 



The November HOUSE & GARDEN will be about the busiest issue 
you have seen. B. Russell Herts, who wrote "The Furnishing and 
Decoration of Apartments," tells how to create space in small rooms. 
William Odom, director of the Department of Interior Architecture 
and Decoration in the New York School of Fine 
and Applied Arts, writes on "Historical Furniture 
Styles in the Modern Room." Fanny Sage Stone, 
who will be remembered for "Cleverly and the 
House Next Door," contributes a story of the 
old world in the new "The Little Side Path 
to Bohemia." E. I. Farrington, author of "The 
Home Poultry Book," tells amateurs how to build 
a poultry house and how much it costs. In 
"Counting the Cost" is the beginning of an 
"experience" serial with pages from a human 
document of a man and woman who went back 
to the land. Williams Haynes is in again with 
his lively doggy talk- this time a neutral article 
on the allied bulls French and English. These 
are only a few of the articles. The pictures are 
too numerous to mention. 

By the way, the other day we heard an unwary 
critic of the magazines of THE HOUSE & GAR- 
DEN type declare that they all lacked author- 
itative conl ributors. We can't answer for the 
other publications, but we can vouch that between 
them the sixteen contributors to the Novem- 
ber HOUSE & GARDEN have aggregated books on 
their specialized subjects to the total of twenty- 
eight. 



& COMPANY, Inc 



E. WALLACE BRAINARD 

Advertising Manager 

$4.00 in foreign countries. Single Copies, 25 cents 

Copyright, 1915, by Conde Nast cr Company, Inc. 



10 



HO USE & GARDEN 




Photograph by John Wallace Gillies 



James Gamble Rogers, architect 



The hallway sets the keynote for the house. It marks the transition between life indoors 

and life out dignifiedly formal against the stranger and yet welcome enough, primarily 

a place to pass through and yet of sufficient interest to cause one to linger in passing. 

These desirable features are obtained by good architecture and careful decoration both 

shown in this hallway of a house at Goshen Point, New London, Conn. 



October, 1915 



11 



WITH THIS NUMBER BEGINS- 

I The combination of HOUSE GARDEN and AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS an amalgamation of 
forces, devoted to better houses and better gardens, to all life indoors and out, and to a wider scope of service and interest 
for readers. 

<J A larger magazine both in page size and number of editorial pages, this issue is an earnest of even better things to come. 

(| Its presentation artistically enhanced, its practical element made more lucid, and its service developed along lines of greater 
efficiency, we take pleasure in presenting the new HOUSE 6* GARDEN. 

CONDE NAST, Publisher. 



THE TRADITION AND PURPOSE OF PAINTED 

FURNITURE 

The Various Types and the Sorts of Life that Originally Produced Them Why Paint Was Used 
What to Look for in Peasant Reproductions The Secret of Their Use in the Modern 

Room Suitability Applied to the Finer Sorts 

ELSIE DE WOLFE 

OF the many mediums of modern decoration few are so American farmhouse; on the other, the heritage of Adam, 

sane, so easily used and so easily lived with when prop- Hepplewhite and Sheraton, and of Englishmen before them, 

erly used as painted furniture. Its popularity is more than a and of Italian and French artists. 

fad, for, while its ultra expressions may pass, I venture to say The fashion for painted furniture did not last long in Eng- 

that when many things considered less ephemeral shall have land. It began about 1770 and ended with the departure of 

slid into the limbo of the forgotten, painted furniture will Angelica Kauffman to Italy in 1781 and the death of Cipriani 



still be with us. 

By this I do not mean that 
painted furniture is anything new. 
It may be said to have always ex- 
isted in some form or another. The 
present vogue is a vogue of peasant 
and Colonial farmhouse furniture, 
although it is also true that many 
pieces which ten years back were 
made up in mahogany and walnut 
are now being constructed of 
woods that lend themselves to 
paint, and in many instances the 
lines are the same. 

There are reasons for the pres- 
ent vogue: painted furniture fur- 
nishes a splendid opportunity to 
introduce a vigorous color note into 
an interior for the sake of added 
interest and enlivening contrast ; 
and it is comparatively inexpen- 
sive. 

We need this vigor in our decora- 
tions. We need the wholesomeness, 
above all, the livableness. And 
nothing is easier to live with than 
painted furniture when it has been 
decorated in harmony or pleasing 
contrast to its surroundings. 

Besides these reasons, painted 
furniture has a tradition, albeit that 
tradition comes through two chan- 
nels ; the finer work executed for 
wealthy patrons, and the rougher, 
crude, but solidly substantial work 
fashioned and decorated by peas- 
ant owners' own hands. Thus it 
boasts on one side the heritage of 
a multifarious peasantry and of the 




An example of the sort of painted furniture of which 
the structural lines were those of a leading vogue 
in its day. Obviously a piece that requires an 
elegant setting 



in London in 1785. Such painted 
furniture as Adam used was un- 
doubtedly due to the influence of 
Angelica Kauffman, who was em- 
ployed by Adam. In England the 
paint was applied directly on the 
wood or on the ground paint. On 
the Continent, transparent lacquer 
and varnish were used over it. 

Although the more recent ex- 
pressions came out of Vienna and 
Paris from the studios of Hoffman 
and Iribe, painted furniture had its 
own history before those gentlemen 
descended upon us with their ex- 
traordinary clashes of color. The 
value of their work is disputable ; 
the value of the other has been 
proven. 

Paint was used in the days of the 
Stuarts to enrich carved ornament. 
It was used by Biedermeyer in the 
creation of those medallions for 
which his cabinet was justly famous 
in the early Nineteenth Century, by 
the Italians and French in their 
fashioning in white and gold, by 
peasants in many lands, and, lastly, 
in New England and the Pennsyl- 
vania Dutch regions, where paint 
enhanced the poor line and carving 
resulting from crude workmanship. 

And that, frankly, is one of the 
reasons for using paint on furni- 
ture and often the secret of its 
economy. Paint covers a multi- 
tude of faults. So long as the lines 
of the original undecorated pieces 
are good, so long as the pieces are 



12 



HO USE & GARDEN 




Paint was used, as on this console cabinet, to enrich the beauty of 
carved work and curved line 



well put together furniture that neither 
you nor I would blush for nor be afraid 
of using then we need not bother so 
much as to the kind of wood or the 
grain. 

This may sound contradictory to the 
heritage mentioned above. The more ex- 
pensive kinds of painted furniture, made 
after the patterns of the Brothers Adam, 
Hepplewhite or Sheraton, were generally 
executed in satinwood, a practice that is 
followed to-day in the very best work. 
Such work is of the class that has always 
existed. 

The less expensive kinds - although 
they are by no means the least effective 
are the American farmhouse types and 
the peasant designs brought from the 
other side from Bavaria, Hungary, the 
Tyrol, Holland and other parts of the 
Continent. In the first group come those 
staunch, comfortable, plain wooden 
chairs and settees mostly of Windsor 
pattern or of Windsor affinities which 
can occasionally be picked up at country 
fairs in New England and, in the Penn- 
sylvania Dutch districts, those quaint 
chests and settles. Their lines are generally good 
and the designs are attractive either a stenciled 
design of fruit, leaves and flowers or narrow 
lines and bands painted on a ground color of 
greens, greys, yellows, reds, dark blues or 
white. 

The foreign peasant furniture includes a greater 
assortment cupboards, chairs, beds, chests and 
the like, and is made of the plainest and most 
inexpensive materials. Paint, in this instance, is a 
logical decoration. The peasant purse not afford- 
ing those finer woods which were used in the 
houses of the rich, the humble owners embellished 
their crude chairs and tables with painted decora- 
tions. Light blue, cream, white or some other 
bright tint is laid on for a body color with broad 
decorative bands forming panels in which are 
painted stiff sprays of foliage, baskets of fruit and 
flowers, birds, animals, and an occasional human 
figure. 

A revival of two types the American farm- 
house and the peasant constitutes the bulk of 
the modern movement of painted furniture, and 
the modern work is generally reproduced after 
their models, although, in the more expensive 
kinds, as noted before, the lines and finer work- 




in the finer sorts the painting was applied 
both inside and out. The designs were 
more decorative than naturalistic 



manship that characterized Adam, Sheraton arid Hepple- 
white creations still obtain. For the present, however, we 
need to consider only the first two types. 

The trouble with much modern peasant furniture is that it 
tries to improve on its models. Beware of this when you are 
selecting painted furniture for your house. Look first to the 
lines of the pieces, then to the decoration, then to the 
finish. 

The lines should above all be substantial. They should give 
the atmosphere of sturdiness tending to longevity, for this 
original home-made furniture was made to last. 

As to the decorations, remember that more than average 
skill is required in applying them. They must not be so crude 
as to appear altogether grotesque, and, on the other hand, not 
too dainty or too naturalistic. They should have the veri- 
similitude of that crudity which characterizes all peasant art 
and in which lies its charm. The men and women who first 
decorated their furniture with designs of fruits and flowers 
aimed to picture what they saw. Whatever crudity of execu- 
tion resulted was due to lack of skill. 
Modern painted furniture, if it is to be 
at all successful, should have at least 
the spirit of this naive crudity. 

Finally look to the finish. There are 
two kinds: the gloss enamel and the 
rubbed. By all means insist upon the 
rubbed finish. It will cost more, but it 
will prove relatively of more value in 
beauty and service, as dull finish always 
does. Furniture was never intended for 
a mirror ; table tops are not to be looked 
into but to be looked at. Moreover, no 
peasant furniture was ever made sleek 
or glistening. The woman who buys the 
latter kind will soon enough learn her 
mistake. 

From what has been said of the cost 
of this modern painted furniture it must 
not be understood that all these desirable 
features can be had for a song. To 
attain them necessitates good workman- 
ship, and good workmanship is worth 
good money. 

I said above that painted furniture 
was easily used and easily lived with. 
This is perfectly true so long as it is 





HilllllH 




Courtesy of E. H. and G. G. Aschermann 
An American bedroom done in the newer style of painted furniture by a student 
of Hoffman. The walls are grey, rugs black and white and bed white with 
black decorations 



October, 1915 



13 



put to the right use. Suitability is the funda- 
mental law of decoration. Just as good writing 
is the art of using the right word in the right 
place, so good decoration is the art of using the 
right furniture and the right hangings in the 
right place. If your heart is set on painted furni- 
ture, you must first have a clearly preconceived 
plan for its use. And at that point you will be- 
come aware of its two classes : the finer work and 
the crude peasant work. The surroundings suit- 
able for one will not be satisfactory for the 
other. 

In judging what is suitable I have found these 
rules well to follow : to make my selection depend 
first on the use to which the furniture is to be 
put, that is, the sort of room in which it is to be 
placed ; to select it so that it will express in some 
way the personality of the person who is to dwell 
in that room, and finally to make it conform to 
the traditional uses to which its originators put 
it, so far as those uses can be adapted to modern 
life and practice. 

There is something distinctly rural, distinctly 
personal and distinctly informal about the furni- 
turne of a peasantry and a farming class. Its 
origins prove this. Their furniture was 
an intimate furniture. It was the bed 
they slept in, the table at which they 
ate, the cupboard in which was kept 
the little store of china and silver, and 
the chest where were locked away the few 
family treasures that could be carried off 
at a moment's notice in the case of danger. 
It is logical then to say that in adapting 
peasant furniture to modern use it must 
be given an intimate environment. Thus a 
boudoir or a bedroom done in painted 
furniture is perfectly suitable for a town 
house because both those rooms have an 
intimate environment. When one crosses 
the threshold of such rooms into the other 
parts of the house its suitability is utterly 
gone, for the original environment of this 
furniture was rural and informal, and 
the city house is of necessity urban and 
formal. To do what we might call the 
public parts of a city house with painted 
furniture would be unsuitable, whereas 
to do the public parts of a country house, 
which are fundamentally informal, would 
be in keeping with the original environ- 




Courtesy of E. H. and G. G. Aschrrmanii 

Another type of the modern movement is represented by furniture painted with- 

Their lines are a revival of an old style 



out decorations. 




An original in fine condition. It 
finish bears evidence that it 
work of Continental makers 




The decorations on this console cabinet include, beside 
and painted decorations, heavy ormolu work. To be 
placed it would require a richly decorated room 



carving 
properly 



ment. In the same way, to do the break- 
fast room of a city house with peasant 
furniture is both interesting and suitable 
because a breakfast room is an intimate 
place, but can you imagine a city dining- 
room in painted peasant furniture? Can 
you imagine a formal dinner party in such 
surroundings ? 

First visualize the use, then recall the 
tradition. That's the secret of decoration. 
Personality is quite another matter. It 
differs in every case, and the owner, more 
than the decorator, is responsible for its 
effective expression. 

I have also said that painted furniture 
introduces a vigorous color note into an 
interior, gives it interest and enlivening 
contrast. Here again we must seek out 
the traditional uses. How much furni- 
ture did peasants have and against what 
background was it placed? How can 
\ve adapt their practices to modern 
use? 

For a matter of fact peasants and farm- 
ers usually have very little furniture and 
the walls are either whitewashed or wood 
left in its natural state. Each piece is a prize piece. There 
is no cluttering, because the peasant cannot afford enough 
furniture to clutter with. We can apply this same rule in 
the arrangement of painted furniture in our modern homes. 
There should never be too much of it. If you have a room 
with much furniture, then only a few pieces of painted ware 
can be introduced, and these should either harmonize or con- 
trast in color with the other furniture. Thus, if a room is 
furnished in mahogany, and one wants to introduce two or 
more pieces of painted furniture, a suitable color for that 
furniture would be a neutral green, repeating in its decorations 
the mahogany color, and, offsetting this, some blue. This 
would produce both contrast and harmony. 

A room furnished throughout with peasant furniture de- 
mands either a neutral background to act as foil, or one that 
absolutely blends with the colors in the furniture. You cannot 
make two points of ultra attraction in one room; you cannot 
combine an ultra orange wall paper and ultra blue furniture. 
That combination might serve for a club or a restaurant where 
an extraordinary effect is desired, but it will not do for 
domestic purposes. For who wants to live twenty-four hours 



i lacquer 
was the 



14 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



was turned to 
and further ado 
designs in gold 



out of the day with an extraordi- 
nary effect? 

If you must use these newest 
papers and hanging fabrics with 
their strong notes of clear color, 
insist that there be some color 
relationship between them and 
the furniture. 

The kinds of furniture with 
which painted furniture can be 
successfully mixed are limited. 
One cannot mix it with mahog- 
any save by some such decora- 
tive tones suggested above, a 
combination that was popular in 
post-Colonial days, when our 
ancestors mixed the two, or save 
the furniture has the refined 
modeling and neutral colors that 
characterized the Sheraton paint- 
ed furniture. You cannot mix 
crude things with refined things and expect to get a harmony 
and livable whole. Painted furniture can be effectively mixed 
with willow, for willow polls and reeds, it will be remembered, 
had their place in the past in the construction of both farm- 
house and painted furniture. 

In the use of the finer sorts of painted furniture the tradition 
again must be consulted. It was given a fine environment and 
a setting that was distinctly formal. The background was 

always highly painted and 
decorated. Some of the fur- 
niture shown on these pages 
is of that type. At a glance 
one would know that it de- 
serves the well appointed 
bedroom or living-room. 

Let us take, for example, 
the elaborate console cabinets 
and pier tables of Adam 
provenance, upon which so 
much expense and exquisite 
care were freely lavished, 
both in the preparation of 
the ground color and the 
execution of the devices for 
further embellishment. The 

Belonging with the settee . , , ,, ~ , . 

shown below and the chair Eighteenth Century cabinet 
shown opposite the three designers and makers clearly 
would make an excellent recognized the beauty and 

grouping 

decorative value of the 





ground work alone quite apart 
from additional devices. In- 
stance the charming Vernis- 
Martin tables and consoles in 
apple green or green grey which 
were purposely left void of any 
supplementary adornment to 
their fascinating color and lus- 
trous surface than the brass or 
ormolu bandings and mounts 
with which they were finished. 
It is not surprising, therefore, 
that infinite pains were taken 
with the preparation of the 
ground color for Adam painted 
furniture. Indeed, it was neces- 
sary that this should be so, for 
the painted pieces were truly fur- 
niture gems, used sparingly as 
gems should be, in well-consid- 
ered formal settings. The ef- 
fectiveness of a paneled Adam drawing-room of formal and 
studiously symmetrical proportions, finished in white, grey, 
pale lavender or some other delicate tone, with gracefully 
moulded compo-ceiling embossings, ornate mantels and chastely 
wrought woodwork, was materially enhanced by a painted 
console cabinet, enriched by the handiwork of Angelica Kauff- 
man or Cipriani, set between two windows or between two 
doorways. On the other hand, the console cabinet itself de- 
manded just such a setting 
as that for which it was de- 
signed. 

In the same way we must 
remember the character of 
the settings in which the 
painted furniture of Hepple- 
white or Sheraton pattern 
was placed, although the 
painted pieces of these mas- 
ters were less exacting in 
their requirements than the 
painted furniture made for 
the Brothers Adam. When 
using chairs and sofas of 
Louis Quinze type, it is 
well to keep before the 

mind's eye a picture of the The medallion on the back 

delicately colored setting ?! at " characteristic of the 

... ... . r ranch and Italian mas- 

which composed their ong- tera who first painted fur . 

inal environment. niture 





Many reproduc- 
tions of the old 
models lack 
only age to 
make them per- 
fect. This re- 
production i n 
satinwood with 
painted panels 
and floral dec- 
orations is a 
typical product 
of the present 
vogue for 
painted furni- 
ture 



October, 1915 



15 



THE BULBS TO PLANT NOW][FOR HOLIDAY BLOOMING 

How to Plan and Place Your Order Fiber'Versus'Sotl The Right Way to Set 
Daffodils, Narcissus and Jonquils A List of Dependable Varieties 



ELOISE ROORBACH 

Photographs hy S. Leonard Bast in 






BY starting them at different times, and removing them 
from their dark beds at intervals of from two to three 
weeks, living flowers may be had to brighten the house, from 
Christmas until Easter. The first necessity 
of winter flowering bulbs is that they be of 
the very finest procurable. They may be 
started any time after September, so that 
the blooming hour can be regulated for 
some special birthday feast or saved until 
Easter. It is a wise plan to tell the seeds- 
man, with whom you have placed your 
order, to begin shipment as fast as he re- 
ceives the various bulbs, not to wait until 
the full order is received, for bulbs deter- 
iorate if kept too long. So as fast as the 
different bulbs come from the market set 
them in the ground. 

The second item of importance is the soil. 
A few years ago city dwellers found it dif- 
ficult to get proper soil, but nowadays any 
seedsman can supply customers with the 
fiber which is such an astonishingly good 
substitute. When the bulbs are intended for 
holiday gifts, they may be started in fancy 
pots and covered with clean straw and lay- 
ers of matting that will not spoil the jar. 
A better plan is to start them in pans, 
which at the proper time can be 
slipped within the gift jar. When 
fiber is used, the jar need not have a 
hole in the bottom. This enables one 
to use some of those beautiful porce- 
lain molds which are shown in the 
shops. The unglazed jars seem to give 
the soil-potted bulbs the best condi- 
tion for development. They must be 
drained, that is, bits of broken pots or 
small stones or pieces of charcoal 
must be placed loosely in the bottom 
of the pot over the hole to hold back 
the soil, yet permit the surplus mois- 
ture to escape. Potting soil must be loose 
and rich and the bulbs pushed firmly into it, 
taking care that there is no air space below 
them that might prevent the roots from 
taking hold at once. Soil should be pressed 
firmly above them, that they may not push 
out of the ground by the swelling of the 
tubers. After the bulbs have been planted, 
soak them thoroughly, cover them with peat 
or moss to hold the moisture and place them 
in the cellar or some such cool, dark place 
where the temperature will not rise above 
60. An even lower temperature is better. 
No light must be permitted to touch them, 
the object being to force them to make good 
root growth, which they will not do if they 
have any light toward which the leaves can 
strive to reach. Water them occasionally 

when the soil gets dry, but 

do not keep them wet. Too 

much heat and too much 

moisture are responsible for 




A lined rustic box filled with cocoa- 
nut fiber or moss will serve for 
bulb*. Mix with the fiber a pint 
of finely-ground charcoal and a 
quart of sand 




To decorate the pots, sow grass seed in the fiber 
when the bulbs are a few inches high, a thick 
patch will come by blooming time 




Anything even a shell will do to 

plant bulbs in, so long as the soil 
or fiber is mixed right and the 
roots have plenty of room to 
spread 



most of the failure with bulb forcing at this time of the year. 
If there is no cool cellar to place them in, dig a trench out- 
of-doors, cover the bottom with ashes, bank them well with 
ashes or soil and, if cold weather comes 
early, give them added protection of straw 
or a mulch held down with boards. 

Fiber is but another form of water cul- 
ture. A good mixture is one quart of 
cocoanut fiber or moss, one pint finely- 
ground charcoal, and one quart of sand. 
Place 2" of this in the bottom of a pot, 
arrange the bulbs so that they touch each 
other, but see that the tips are exposed. 
Water thoroughly when first planted and 
set in a dark place. Treat as though in soil, 
occasionally putting a small portion of plant 
food in the water. The secret of good 
blooms lies in the strength of root growth, 
so give them plenty of time from seven to 
nine weeks to develop. It would be wise 
for a beginner not to remove the pot until 
the roots are seen venturing through the 
hole in the bottom. By this time sprouts 
also should be showing. When they are 
about 1" high, uncover and lift into 
subdued light, gradually bringing them 
nearer and nearer the light, until, 
when the buds have fully formed, 
they can be put in direct sunlight. 
If brought too quickly into the sun, 
the stems will be short and the spikes 
small. Some growers place a paste- 
board cone over the new shoots to 
encourage longer stems. Bulbs re- 
quire but little water until blooming 
time, when they drink voraciously 
that the swelling buds may properly 
fill out. 

There are but few bulbs that can 
be depended upon to bloom by the 
Christmas holidays. Roman hya- 
cinths and paper white narcissus are, per- 
haps, the best, for they are easily forced. 
They are fair and fragrant and look so well 
in the artistic pots and bulb pans that they 
make especially attractive gifts. The 
Romans are at their best when six or more 
are planted about a half inch deep in one 
pan. The bulbs may even touch with no 
harm, so that a 6" pan would hold 
quite a mass of blue, lavender or white fra- 
grant spikes. The white Romans flower 
several weeks before the pink and blue 
ones, which must be remembered when lift- 
ing them from the dark. The white Ital- 
ians come on about two weeks later than 
the Romans. The hyacinths should be 
planted at intervals from the first to the last 
of October. By holding back, their bloom- 
ing time can be extended 
materially. They should be 
given sandy soil. Good single 

(Continued on page 64) 




~i ync 




:"'' in w 

H 



//O t/Sfi & GARDEN 



; 



THE HOME OF 
RALPH W. HARBISON, 

ESQ., AT 
SEWICKLEY, PENNA. 

MacClure & Sphar, 
architects 



^_^ 




IBPi. -Jl 



**- 





I 



October, i <; i .5 



17 




A SIMPLE plan helps the livableness of a 
house, and this house is above all livable. 
The hall runs through from entrance to gar- 
den, a cross corridor leading to the music and 
living-rooms on the left, and, on the right, 
passing the dining-room to the pantry and 
kitchen. The compact arrangement ot stair 
and landing which cover the vestibule with its 
closet and wash-room affords the hall gener- 
ous space. White woodwork and simplicity 
of detail and furnishings set the note for the 
rest of the house 



/CONSULT the photograph of the exterior 
V_x and note the two bays. The one this 
way is the living-room shown below; the far- 
ther, the dining-room. Both have a southern 
exposure, overlooking the garden. The din- 
ing-room is I7'x23', the bay giving it 

added depth. Sunlight floods the room as it 

should a dining-room. Gaily-colored cre- 
tonnes lend a color note to the white panel- 
ing. Unity of color scheme is achieved by 
the screen which is covered with the same 
fabric as the hangings 



A DARKER panel has ben used in the liv- 
r\ ing-room and darker tones prevail 
throughout. The room presents some in- 
teresting problems of furniture arrangement. 
A living-room must first of all be livable, it 
must have the restfulness of open spaces and 
the ir.timacy of friendly converse. Thus, by 
eliminating the small round table in the fore- 
ground and placing the couch nearer the fire, 
both those desirable features would be easily 
attained. But the room looks as though it 
had been lived in 




18 



HOUSE & GARDEN 












Though Nature gave the setter his unsurpassed bird 



nose, the pup needs training. Here is a nine-month setter pup pointing prairie chickens* 
a fifteen-year-old pointer backing him 



YOUR HUNTING COMPANIONS 

Being a Chat on Setters and Pointers and a Word on the "Haoun Dawg" Caring 
for Them in the Brush and Around the House 



WARREN H. MILLER 

Editor of "Field & Stream," author of "Camp Craft" 



IN choosing a dog for the family pet and watchman, the 
suburban or country resident is apt to pass by any con- 
sideration of the setters, pointers, and hounds on the score 
that, as he personally does very little hunting, why own a 
hunting dog? Yet all three breeds have so very many lovable 
and endearing qualities, aside from their special gifts as field 
dogs, that one would do well to learn their qualities as general 
utility dogs before passing on to other breeds. 

Particularly the setter. If there ever was a more affection- 
ate, handsome, lively and dependable pet dog than a thorough- 
bred setter, he has 
passed on and left his 
name and style unre- 
corded ! The very feel 
of that lovely, silky 
coat under your hand, 
the adoring affection 
of those brown eyes, 
the alert statuesque 
poses that he assumes 
under excitement no 
one who has ever 
owned a setter will 
ever forget him ! They 
are all alike, and they 
breed true to charac- 
ter; the new puppy 
quickly wins his way 
to everyone's heart, his 
handsome form and 
beautiful coat kindle 
the eye anew, and be- 
fore you knew it Scout 
(or Sport or Prince) 
the Second reigns on the 




A week in the fields with other dogs does wonders for a setter of good antecedents. 
Instinctively he'll crouch and point and give warning for the shot 



throne of Scout the First. And thus on through the generations. 
These qualities, of course, are found in all dogs who have 
become standard house pet breeds, perhaps not with the in- 
tensity of the setter's affections and lovelinesses, but in a 
measure the same, so we must look at him from other points 
to sum up all his desirable qualities as a dog for the country 
or suburban home. For he is essentially a dog of the outdoors, 
too big, too lovely for the city apartment, but exactly in his 
element in any house with a bit of grounds around it and the 
open fields nearby for a walk with his master and the children. 

As a watchdog he is 
alert and courageous ; 
big and powerful in 
war, with a deep, 
warning bark that will 
deter any wandering 
tramp from trespassing 
further on your 
grounds. As a chil- 
dren's playmate he 
really invites mauling, 
huggings, endearments, 
caresses ; never happier 
than when intimately 
associated with them in 
their play. And he 
would sooner bite off 
his own paw than snap 
at a child. 

Nature gave him his 
unsurpassed bird nose. 
You may not do so 
much shooting, but 
there are few Ameri- 
can country gentlemen 



October, 1915 



19 




Scout Gladstone, an English setter at two 
months, member of the black, white 
and tan ticked family 



who do not own a good shotgun, and 
few indeed who can resist the call of 
the brown October uplands, when the 
quail and grouse are in season and 
the Hunter's Moon is high. You may 
not have given your setter a moment's 
training, nor taken any advantage of 
the wonderful brain that lies there 
ready to educate, but Nature has sup- 
plied him with the instincts that cause 
him to crouch and point in rigid cata- 
leptic pose at the scent of game, giving 
you the warning to get ready to shoot. 
Even a week in the field with other 
dogs will do wonders for a setter of 
good antecedents. His long habit of im- 
plicit obedience to your slightest com- 
mand (for the setter is the most docile 
of breeds) will suffice to make him 
hold steady on point with perhaps a 
licking or two at first for flushing 

birds. And though he may not retrieve for you with that 
finished skill which the trained setter displays, he will at least 
mark dead birds with his nose so that you can pick them up 
yourself. So much for the man who does not care to spend 
any time in developing his setter's peculiar talents, but merely 
wants him for a family dog with capabilities for an occasional 
day afield. 

There are two principal divisions of English setters in our 
country, the black, white and tan ticked, and the orange and 
white. Both have any number of champions and noted field 
dogs enrolled in their ranks, so much so that the old theory 
of coloration affecting a dog's performance seems completely 
exploded. The markings of a standard black, white and tan 





Quail ahead! The typical setter's position 
on point a rigid, cataleptic pose at the 
scent of game, giving the hunter his cue 
to get ready 



Powhatan, owned by Hobart Ames, who 
paid $1,200 for him to use as a shoot- 
ing dog 



ticked setter would be black ears and 
head with white forehead and parting 
line, white body and tail sparsely 
ticked in black, a large black patch 
over rump and extending out some- 
what on cheeks, inside of ears, and 
tan in two little spots or "eyebrows" 
over the eyes, the more distinct the 
tan the better. 

Orange or lemon and white will be 
marked much the same except that 
orange is substituted for the black. 
The coats of both kinds are long and 
silky without the slightest suggestion 
of wiriness, sometimes curled over the 
spine ; long feathers of silk from fore 
and hind legs and long feathery brush 
under tail. The bench showmen have 
developed another type, white all over, 
with multitudinous black or orange 
ticks distributed on the body and head ; 

a large heavy dog, well feathered out in tail and behind fore 
and hind legs. Far be it from me to criticize the points of 
excellence which judges of this type have set up. Every man 
to his taste ; to me such dogs are exceedingly ugly, the head in 
particular being spoiled by the disruptive coloration of the 
multitudinous ticks. The dog looks as if he had just run 
through a blizzard of beans; he is by no means the standard 
setter of this country, and is seldom seen in field trails, about 
all the nose he ever had having been bred out of him. 

Then we have the pure white setter, with a trifle of orange 
in ears and over eyes, hair long and silky and curled like 
Persian lamb ; and, finally, there are the blue and orange "Bel- 
(Continued on page 56) 




A husky litter of pointer pups. Almost equal in field quality to the setter, but owner of a better nose and a human smartness inherited 

from his hound forebear* 



20 



HOUSE <:> CARD 11 N 



THE LAST CROP WORK OUT OF DOORS 

Harvesting and Storing Before the First Frosts How to Handle the 
First Crops The Final Touch in the Efficient Garden 

D. R. EDSON 



THOSE who have lived for several years in one locality and 
have carefully noted the dates of the first frosts will be 
able to tell within a very few days the earliest date at which 
killing frost is likely to occur. A week or ten days in advance 
of this frost the careful gardener will make ready for the 
attack. A number of burlap bags or old blankets, which will 
serve for a temporary covering, should be provided, a cold- 
frame or two cleared out, the sash fixed up for immediate use, 
and a place made ready in some bed or in the corner of the 
veranda for the storage of such bulky things as squash, water- 
melons and pumpkins. The experienced gardener can foretell 
with a fair degree of certainty when a frost is probable. There 
is a certain "feel" in the air, a stillness in the waning afternoon, 
and a sharpness of detail about the black twigs laced against 
the cloudless sky which tells him, before he has looked at his 
rapidly falling thermometer, that it will not be best to take 
another chance, and that even those things which have been left 
growing until the last minute, such as melons, tomatoes, sweet 
corn, and cucumbers, must finally be given up but with the 
least loss possible. 

TOMATOES 

With proper handling, good fruit may be had until after 
Thanksgiving or even until as late as Christmas. Fruit that has 
been frost bitten or even touched by the frost will be sure to 
decay, therefore safely in advance of the first frost, all the fruit, 
ripe and green, should be picked, carefully looked over, and the 
large green fruit saved for ripening. Spread several inches of 
clean straw in an empty coldframe, place a layer of tomatoes 
on this, and cover up with several inches more straw. Put on 
the sash as soon as the frost threatens ; but ventilate freely on 
bright days. The greenest of the fruits, but only those which 
are perfectly sound, may be stored in the cellar or in a cold dark 
room, packed in straw or in layers in a crate so that they do 
not touch, to ripen more slowly. Another method is to select 
some of the plants that are the most thickly set with fruit, trim 
off the tops and most of the leaves and hang them up by the 
roots, the plant itself containing sufficient nourishment to ma- 
ture many of the partly 
grown fruits. The old 
and small fruits should, 
of course, be removed 
when the plants are 
taken up. 

MELONS 

To keep muskmelons 
and watermelons grow- 
ing as long as possible 
the vines should be 
gone over a few days 
before frost is expected 
and the fruits which 
are sufficiently devel- 
oped to stand some 
chance of maturing, 
gathered together, each 
hill by itself, the fruit 
still left on the vines; 
but all surplus vines 
should be cut away. 
These small heaps of 
fruit and foliage may 




Though scarcely picturesque, bringing the harvest home in these days of cheap 
motors proves more efficient and rapid than the lumbering wain of old days and 
inefficient farming 



be easily covered and thus be protected from the first frosts, 
which usually are followed by two or three weeks of good 
weather. When this protection will no longer suffice, the fruits 
may be stored in a frame and ripened the same way as tomatoes, 
or placed in a dry room ; the greatest care must be exercised in 
handling them. A slight skin bruise, one that will not show at 
the time, will start a decayed spot later. If they are carried in a 
wheelbarrow, bags or an old blanket should be spread under 
them and between each layer. Do not pile them in storing. 
In cutting, remove a piece of the vine with each fruit, leaving 
the stems intact. 

SQUASH AND PUMPKINS 

After the first frosts have blackened the foliage, remove the 
fruits with a portion of the vine with each, rub off any soil 
which may adhere to them, turn them under side up and place 
in piles which may be covered readily when frost threatens. 
Store them under cover as soon as convenient, but only where 
tney can get plenty of air. If a coldframe or a bench in the 
greenhouse is available, it is a good plan to let the temperature 
for several days go as high as possible to "sweat them," in order 
to dry them out. The smaller squashes and pumpkins should 
not be discarded ; they will keep even better than those that are 
more matured, and should be saved until the last, as the process 
of ripening continues through the winter months. 

EGG PLANTS AND PEPPERS 

While these are not winter vegetables, well formed fruits 
picked and stored in a moderately cool dark place will keep for 
a considerable length of time. The peppers should be pulled 
up by the roots, all the soil shaken off, and they should be tied 
with stout cord in bunches of convenient size and hung from 
the rafters of the shed or dry cellar. The egg plants should be 
handled carefully to avoid bruising, and packed in excelsior or 
straw, so that they will not touch. The plants of okra can be 
dried and hung up, or the pods removed and dried. 

BEANS, CUCUMBERS, 
SWEET CORN 

None of these things 
are usually saved, but 
they need not be wholly 
abandoned. Any beans 
that are still young and 
tender enough for table 
use may be readily 
canned by the cold 
pack method (and in 
passing, it may not be 
out of place to remark 
that if the sterilizing is 
properly done, the vege- 
tables will keep prop- 
erly without the aid of 
so-called "preserving 
powders," which are 
likely to prove at their 
best a possible cause of 
trouble to the family 
health.) Most of the 
(Continued onpage 76) 



October, 1915 21 

LIGHTING THE NEW HOUSE AND THE OLD 

The Outlets to Provide for Attaching Household Appliances Proper Positions for Fixtures Wiring 

and Piping the Old House 

CLARA BROWN LYMAN 



SINCE it does 
not neces- 
s a r i 1 y involve 
a technical 
lighting knowl- 
edge, the prob- 
lem of artificial 
lighting is not 
difficult for the 
layman to un- 
derstand. It de- 
pends upon a 
general knowl- 
edge of what is 
right and wrong 
in lighting; what 
has been accom- 
plished in fix- 
ture and lamp 
design ; and it 
means, above 
all, comprehen- 
sion of the nec- 
essity of laying 
out the lighting 
scheme at the 
time the plans 
are drawn. 
Otherwise, 
when the house 
is completed the 

family is apt to discover, as time goes 
on, that a light here and there is in the 
wrong place, that there are not enough 
lights and apparently no way to pro- 
vide for more ; that there is no place 
to attach a labor-saving device with- 
out temporarily dismantling a lighting 
fixture. 

It is for these reasons that a well 
thought out lighting plan prepared at 
the beginning will save trouble and ex- 
pense later on ; for, although errors 
are nowadays not impossible to remedy 
after the house is built, it is naturally 
more expensive to correct mistakes 
than it is to avoid them. 

The first important part of any 
lighting plan is to provide for plenty 
of outlets, whether for gas or elec- 
tricity, and in this connection the pos- 
sibilities of modern gas illumination 
should be understood. 

It is not generally known that pip- 
ing for gas in a modern house is en- 
tirely concealed ; that there are floor 
and baseboard outlets for it exactly as 
there are for electricity and that it can 
be used with the new methods of 
illumination. 

It therefore does not matter which 
of the modem illuminants one plans 




In a living-room there should be plenty of baseboard and 
lamps can be used in addition to overhead illumination, 
tion for the piano lamp 



floor outlets so that table 
Note the baseboard connec- 




Arrange to have lights on each side 
mirror in the bathroom 



of th< 



to use, plenty of 
outlets will be less 
costly in the end 
than a few. In 
the first place, 
no matter what 
modern lighting 
method one de- 
cides to install in 
his house, it 
should always be 
possible to use a 
portable lamp in 
any part of the 
room without be- 
ing obliged to dis- 
figure the room 
by cords or pipes 
running across 
the ceiling from a 
central fixture 
and down the 
wall to a table. 
Unless the room 
has plenty of out- 
lets, the family is 
obliged to congre- 
gate in a fixed 
place to do their 
reading because 
otherwise it 

is quite possible that only in one spot 
in the room can the table lamp be con- 
veniently attached to a fixture. 

With plenty of outlets, more than 
one lamp can be used in the same room 
at the same time. This provision like- 
wise does away with the necessity of 
turning out the overhead fixture when 
the portables are being used. 

Plenty of outlets offer the additional 
advantage of attaching any portable 
cooking or labor-saving device that it 
is desired to use in the room, and so 
be able to use the device and the lights 
at the same time without dismantling 
a fixture. 

A discussion of one or two of the 
most used rooms in the average house 
will illustrate these points. 

The living-room, for example, being 
the family gathering place, should be 
provided with both general and local 
lighting because it must be made to 
serve many purposes. Sometimes 
merely a soft mellow glow to visit by 
is all that is desired. Again, reading, 
studying and sewing are often going 
on in the room at the same time, and 
this requires local lighting by table 
lamps in addition to the general illum- 
ination of the room. Now suppose 



22 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



that at the same time one had sud- 
den use for a vacuum cleaner or 
wished to turn on an electric fan? 
Unless the room were provided 
with plenty of outlets around the 
baseboard and in the floor, some 
fixture light would have to be sac- 
rificed, beside putting an extra 
strain on the lighting fixture to 
which the device was attached. In 
general, four baseboard outlets, 
two in opposite corners of a room, 
and one in about the center on 
either side, provide a good light- 
ing plan for the living-room. 

In the dining-room the situation 
is a little different because that 
room is not in general use. Here, 
in addition to the general illumi- 
nation, it is wise to provide a floor 
outlet in the spot over which the 
table will stand. This is to take 
care of any portable cooking de- 
vice that one may wish to use at 
the table, for instance, an egg boiler, 
toaster, coffee percolator, etc., with- 
out disturbing a fixture. Where gas is 
installed two baseboard outlets far 
enough apart to allow the sideboard 
between them provide for the use on 
the sideboard, if preferred, of the gas 
chafing-dish, toaster, coffee percolator 
and other portable cooking conveni- 
ences now in such common use. These 
baseboard outlets for gas are now as 
inconspicuous as those for electricity. 
In neither case do the outlets disfigure 
the trim of the room. 

In the bathroom it is convenient to 
be able to attach a curling iron, water 
heater or other small device without 
disturbing the lighting fixture. In the 
bedroom almost everyone likes a port- 
able reading light, and in these days 
of luxury and convenience, a base- 
board outlet also allows for the prepa- 
ration of breakfast in one's own room. 

The situation in the nursery is 
practically the same as in the bedroom, 
baseboard outlets here being 
especially appreciated in the mid- 
dle of the night for the quick 
warming of a milk bottle, the 
heating of water or the tem- 
porary use of an electric or gas 
heater to provide a little warmth 
on a stormy winter night. 

Though at first it might not be 
suspected, baseboard outlets are 
quite as desirable in the modern 
kitchen and pantry as in the living- 
rooms of the house, for there are 
many small portable conveniences 
like the flat iron, polishing motor, 
etc., that are really a necessary 
part of the up-to-date kitchen 
equipment. It can thus be well 
understood why provision for the 
attachment of household appli- 
ances becomes a real and neces- 
sary part of a perfect lighting 
scheme. 

This discussion likewise brings 




On the fixture is a current-top attachment by means of 
which any portable electric device may be connected 
without cutting off the light 




A baseboard outlet for gas will be found useful 
in the dining-room 




Baseboard and floor outlets for electricity make possible 
the use of portable appliances without attaching wire 
from overhead fixtures 



up the important question of fix- 
ture location which, in view of 
the recent progress in lighting 
methods, must be considered with 
great care before a decision is 
made. Upon the lighting system 
you use depends the position of 
the outlets for baseboard, floor 
and wall receptacles. 

In general it may be said that 
diffused lighting is the accepted 
sight-saving method of illumina- 
tion. Whether one uses it through- 
out the house or not is largely a 
question for individual decision. 
There are, however, certain rooms 
in which care for the eyes de- 
mands that either the wholly indi- 
rect or partly indirect methods of 
illumination, both of which give 
diffused light, should be used. 
These are the living and working 
rooms of the house. In addition 
to the overhead light provided by 
these systems, as many portable lamps 
as may be desired, are also excellent 
for local lighting. In the sleeping 
rooms one may be guided by individual 
preference as to whether the rooms 
shall be lighted generally from over- 
head or wholly by means of well- 
shaded portable lamps. The necessity 
for deciding this point when the plans 
for the house are drawn is therefore 
easily understood. 

In the nursery, however, diffused 
lighting is an absolute necessity. To 
let the direct rays from a lamp or fix- 
ture shine into a child's face is exactly 
equivalent to letting it face the sun- 
light. 

Diffused methods of lighting call 
for ceiling outlets since the fixtures 
consist of hanging bowls suspended 
from the ceiling. Wall fixtures are 
little used in the home that is correctly 
lighted. They serve a decorative 
rather than a practical purpose and, 
unless carefully shaded, are a source 
of danger to the eyes because they 
carry the lights in a position where 
it is impossible for the eye to es- 
cape them. Their place is well 
supplied by properly shaded port- 
ables. However, if it is desired to 
treat certain rooms in "period" 
style, wall or mantel lights in the 
shape of sconces or candelabra are 
often necessary, in which case the 
light source must be completely 
concealed behind screens or shades 
of opaque material. Where wall 
fixtures are thus properly used as 
decorative accessories, outlets lo- 
cated with reference to the posi- 
tion of mantel, sideboard or dress- 
ing table, as the case may be, 
must be provided for in planning 
the treatment of the rooms. 

The lighting of bathroom, pan- 
try and kitchen, the three rooms 
in the house where artificial illum- 
( 'Continued on paae 58) 



October, 1915 



23 



n Aiu*-. 

*<2 






i ; - / * i/ 

rF* 






Their Selection and Care in the House What Makes a Real Antique 

VINCENT YARDUM 






MANY large department stores claim that the subject of 
Oriental rugs has been commercialized that each rug 
has a market value that can be approximately ascer- 
tained. The fallacy of this is clearly shown by the following: 

A short time ago I was sent by a leading Fifth Avenue 
dealer in antiques to the home of a prominent antiquary and 
rug collector, to interview his wife with reference to cleaning 
and repairing some rugs. During the course of my visit I 
happened to notice a small tattered and dirty looking Serebend 
rug doing service on the dark landing at the head of the stairs 
leading to the kitchen. I suggested to Mrs. Collector that she 
allow me to take that rug to clean and repair and so forth, 
telling her that it was a fine old piece with a very unusual de- 
sign for a Serebend. But she refused, stating that her hus- 
band had bought it from Blank & Co., the concern through 
whom I had been sent, for only $15, many years before when 
he first started collecting, that it had done service for a long 
time, and that she had ceased to care for it by this time, in 
fact would not spend any more money on it even felt in- 
clined to get rid of it. Upon hearing this I invited her to give 
it to me as part payment for the services I was going to ren- 
der her on other rugs. She welcomed this idea and allowed 
me to take it on my promise to allow her $10 credit on her bill. 

When I took it to a shop a connoisseur on old rugs was 
delighted with the antique "pearl," as he called it. Without 
wasting any time he had it wash-cleaned and gave it to one 
of the men to begin weaving in the damaged places and mak- 
ing the necessary repairs. A small border at each end which 



had ravelled off, was rewoven, as well as several small holes 
in the center. Soon the rug was in a presentable condition. 
Immediately after completion it was taken to the Fifth Ave- 
nue firm by whom I had been sent to the collector's house, and 
bought for $75 by them. Not long after there was a common 
rumor on the rug market that Blank & Co., the firm in ques- 
tion, had sold to Mr. So-and-So, the collector whose wife had 
got rid of the small Serebend rug, a very remarkably designed 
Serebend piece for a fabulous price. And yet it was admitted 
that the price was none too high for a rug of such character, 
worthy to be numbered in any collection. The rug, of course, 
was none other than the one that came from the collector's 
own home. 

Since then I have been wondering who was the blindest of 
us in not appreciating an antique piece when we saw it, and 
further, who was the wisest. I am convinced that the collec- 
tor who now possesses it is the most fortunate, for he has the 
rug a rug that cannot be duplicated for any amount of 
money. And if a rug cannot be duplicated, who shall say that 
any price paid for it is too much ? 

It is true that an antique Oriental rug with a large price 
will draw more attention and can be more easily sold than the 
same rug with a much smaller price. The reason for this is 
obvious. Take, for illustration, the Serebend rug here. The 
collector did not appreciate the rug at $15, and only when the 
price was greatly increased did he come to recognize the true 
merits of the piece. But one must accept that the value was 
always in the rug, only he did not realize it. The claim of the 





When discovered this antique Kouba rug was in perfect condition, 
save for the borders at each end that had ravelled off. It was 
rewoven and made complete 



In this 300-year-old Ghordez prayer rug the black had worn and 
had to be renapped. The black wool found in Orientals is seldom 
of vegetable dyes and wears quickly 



21 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



A rug from a hall that had lain with 
doors. The center has received th 
while the rest is perfect 



its center in a passage between two 
brunt of all the traffic and is worn, 



This is how rugs are worn unevenly exactly half the rug is exposed to 
wear. The other half is behind the door partly covered by a table and 
will remain untouched 



Before and 
the other 
a kitchen 



er repairing: One side shows end ravelled and sides gone; 
fter end is woven on edge attached. This rug was found in 




department stores of having made commercial goods 
of Oriental rugs is true to the extent that no real 
antique rugs for which connoisseurs crave are any 
longer to be found on the general market. They are 
all in private homes. The reason for this is that they 
can only be developed in the homes. But private 
owners, as a general rule, do not know this and by 
heedlessness and misuse allow their rugs to com- 
pletely deteriorate. 

Let us follow a rug through its life in a typical and 
average case. 

The rug is made in the home of a native weaver in 
the Orient in Persia, Caucasia or Turkey as the 
case may be. It is not made with a view to its imme- 
diate sale, and is very often used for many years in 
the home where it is made. Particularly fine rugs are 
the handiwork of the aristocrats of the land ; they 
are made by women in the harems of Pachas, Sul- 
tans or Shahs, women who have the refinement and 
delicacy of taste and ample leisure time, all of which 
are necessary in the creation of a piece like a Gheor- 
dez, a rug that has a weave and colors unimitable, or 
an Ispahan that has as many as 600 hand-tied knots 
to a square inch. Such rugs as these and those made 
by girls for their trousseau, and prayer rugs on which 
the Mussulman offers his devoted prayers to Allah, 
are all cherished with much care, and only after the 
death of the maker do they go out of the possession 
of the original weaver. One can readily understand 
the quality of rugs that results from the painstaking 
care of a weaver who intends to keep it all his life. 

When such a rug eventually reaches the American 
home after passing through the hands of ten to twenty 
dealers, beginning with the peddling buyer of the 
Orient, who goes from village to village picking up 
rugs, and ending with the retailer in America, the rug 
is not, strictly speaking, brand new, and yet it is as 
new as an Oriental rug is expected to be and undoubt- 
edly in perfect condition, for the use it has had in the 
land of its maker is very mild compared to the use it 
is going to get in this country. In the Orient it would 
be a sacrilege not to remove the footgear before enter- 
ing a home ; so it is seldom that a rug receives the 
hard impression of a shoe. Further, since there are 
no tables and other furniture covering any part of the 
rug, it is worn evenly, when worn at all. Here in 
America it is usual to see the nap worn off or still 
worse to see the rug becoming threadbare in a circle 
around a perfect center, which is the spot covered 
over by the dining-room table. 

The elements that rob the rug of its life are hard 
and careless use, stress of incompetent cleaning, acci- 
dental dampness, rough handling, etc. If the owner 
will take the trouble to avoid these and use judicious 
care, he can learn, with the help of an expert, to clean 
and make minor repairs when necessary, to lengthen 
the life of the rug and extend it to the required num- 
ber of years, after which only the rug can be called an 
antique and be worthy of pride. We must never lose 
sight of the fact that a rug to be an antique must be 
old. How to keep the rug in good condition so as to 
be old enough to be an antique is the question. The 
care necessary to attain this end is the following: 

First, the rug must be a genuine Oriental, made of 
good wool, vegetable dyes and not chemically treated. 






( I c I ii h c r , 191$ 









This old Chinese rug ha been rav- 
aged by moths. Although lacking 
the fine weave of the Turkish, the 
Chinese have remarkable color 




Perfect, except that the ends have worn off. 
could have been saved by overcasting the ends. 
New warp was given it, and reweaving started. 
The hole when woven will not be detected 



As the result of good care by its 
owner in the Orient this antique 
Bergama prayer rug is in perfect 
condition 

This latter point is the doom of 
most rugs, for it is estimated that 
seventy-five per cent, of the new 
rugs on the market are washed in a 
process in which chemicals are 
used, with a view to toning down 
strong colors found in new rugs. 
They succeed in this aim, but re- 
duce the vitality of the rug by half 
its wearing quality and oftentimes 

more, depending on the quantity of chemicals used. This 
will explain the complaints of the modern housekeeper when 
she finds that her rugs do not live up to the reputation of 
Orientals, by failing to give the many years of wear that is 
expected of them. 

Second, it must have reasonable wear. No rug can be left 
at the entrance of a hall and be continually tramped upon 
with the product of every kind of weather during all seasons 
of the year, and withstand such a test. With a view to hav- 
ing the rug's surface wear evenly, it would be wise to change 
the position of a rug occasionally, or, if the rug is a large 
one, covering the entire floor, its position had better be re- 
versed once or twice a year, which may be every time the 
rug is taken up for cleaning. 

Third, the rug must be kept clean. This is important. A 
rug that is kept clean, dustless and stainless, will last twice 
as long as a rug that is neglected in this respect. A rug that 



It 



is not cleaned every year and 
wash-cleaned every other year, 
can never last the many years dur- 
ing which it is passing through 
the process of antiquity. The rea- 
son they last so long in the Orient 
is because their owners there keep 
them scrupulously clean, washing 
them usually in rivers or making 
use of plenty of water elsewhere. 
A rug poorly cleaned will become dirty more quickly, and 
moreover, poor cleaning is injurious to its life. For exam- 
ple, under the process of renovating or scouring used exten- 
sively in this country, which is the use of a soap-like ingre- 
dient upon the surface followed by scraping, it is impossible 
to remove the soap. Water only can accomplish that end, 
and lack of it will leave the rug sticky and saponified and 
full of soap dust, which makes the surface more susceptible 
to dirt and stains and a breeding place for moths. 

How often a rug should be cleaned depends upon the ex- 
tent of the use it receives, and the climate of that part of the 
country in which it is used. In New York washing once 
every year, or once every two years is sufficient. In the 
middle west more often is necessary'. In many of the cities 
there it is customary to have rugs washed twice every year, 
a practice highly to be recommended in any locality for 
(Continued on page 66) 









26 



HO USE & GARDEN 




A FORMAL TERRACED GARDEN BY THE SEA 

The Development of the Estate of Mrs. Robert Dawson Evans 
at Beverley Cove, Mass. 

Allen & Collens, architects 

Photographs by Mary H. Northend 



October, 1915 



27 




There Is a peculiar fascination in the 
thought of a garden by the sea. While the 
restless, ceaselessly beating waves seem for- 
eign to the peace and quiet of well-tended 
flowers and shrubs, growing sedately within 
their appointed places, the contrast of the 
two aspects of nature is singularly alluring. 

Here the strong winds and the salt air 
present practical problems to the gardener 
that are not easily overcome. For on level, 
sandy beaches, the salt marshes and life- 
less soil require incessant labor before they 
will consent to bloom, and scarcely less 



arduous is the task ot coverting rocky, 
wooded shores into pleasant garden ver- 
dure. Yet this has been accomplished in 
almost every age and clime; the terraces of 
great villas along the Mediterranean are a 
still green, while the lovely gardens of Corn- 
wall and those of famous Castlewellan on 
the north coast of Ireland have become an 
inspiration to the builders of American es- 
tates that stretch to the water's edge. 

Such a garden was laid out a short time 
ago on the North Shore of Massachusetts, 
at Beverley Cove, on the estate of Mrs. Rob- 



ert Dawson Evans, who has recently con- 
tributed so largely to the art wealth of 
Boston by her memorial gift of the new 
wing to the Museum of Fine Arts. 

There are two main garden levels, one a 
quadrangle some forty feet wide and half 
again as long, while that on the western side 
is rounded out near the center by a semi- 
circular addition fifteen feet in diameter, 
which is devoted to the culture of roses. 
Around it is a marble peristyle and rose 
trellises of aluminum, supported on the re- 
taining wall of the terrace. 




28 



HOUSE & GARDEN 







Remember that good fur- 
niture of simple design 
is not necessarily expen- 
sive; pieces of inferior 
pattern are costly at any 
price 



NEW FURNITURE & REPRO- 
DUCTIONS OF THE OLD. 

Suggestions for Fall Furnishing, Together with Two Pictorial 
Notes Showing How to Place Furniture to the 
Best Decorative and Utilitarian Advantage 



In buying furniture look to 
line, finish and uphol- 
stering; avoid novelties, 
and as close as possible 
follow the proven master 
styles 



A good form of 
Colonial mirror, 
adaptable to liv- 
ing or bedroom. 
Mahogany 12" 
by 24" 



The advantage of this 
mahogany magazine 
stand is that the top 
is a tray and can be 
lifted off 



Sturdiness and comfort 
are the two essentials 
for a chair after one 
has looked to its lines 
and finish. Both desir- 
able features are found 
in this piece 



Another mirror of 
Colonial lines. 
Visualize it used 
in the living- 
room below. 
Mahogany 12" 
by 24" 



No boudoir is complete without a 
dressing table, and this type is 
at once modern and commodi- 
ous. Rattan panels give it the 
same characteristics as the tray 
cabinet shown here, $177 



For the bedroom 
nothing is more 
useful than a 
tray cabinet. It 
stands 64", and 
is finished in iv- 
ory white. The 
doors are rattan. 
Inside are wide 
shelves that can 
be pulled out, 
$150 




Photograph by Mary H. Northend Da-.-is, McGratk & Kcissling, architects 

Japanese in effect but adapted by its furniture and arrangement to Colonial in feeling, the furnishing of this room was mainly a problem 

Occident life. White furniture with white or ivory woodwork is a of acquiring genuine old pieces and good reproductions and then 

nleasm? combination ^miminc* them nronerlv 



October, i 9 i 5 



29 




In the South peas can be 
ventured for a winter crop 



October is a beginning month for many things which can be started out of doors 
and later taken into the greenhouse 



Another vegetable to plant 
now in the South is chard 



OCTOBER PLANTING TO SAVE SIX MONTHS 

Practical Advice on Preparing the Soil, Planting, Winter Mulching and Drainage A Fall Planting 

Table of Flowers, Trees and Shrubs 

F. F. ROCKWELL 



WITHOUT doubt the greatest opportunity which the fall 
months offer the gardener is that of planting hardy 
perennials, shrubs and fruits. Despite the fact that the argu- 
ments for fall planting have been frequently set forth, compara- 
tively few gardeners, considering the number which join the 
perennial rush for hoe and wheelbarrow at the first sign of 
spring, are to be found taking advantage of the benefits of fall 
planting. 

The advantages of fall planting are, briefly these : with 
many kinds of flowers and fruits practically a whole season 
is gained; the spring season is always overcrowded with work, 
so that planting planned now may not only be acomplished 
with more leisure and carefulness, but with greater certainty 
of actually being done. Plants set in the fall, even so late that 
little growth is made though root growth continues for some 
time after the first early frosts will begin active growth in 
the spring much earlier than they could possibly be set out, 
and are, therefore, much better able to withstand the long 
siege of drouth during the first summer after planting, which 
is frequently the most critical period through which they have 
to pass. In the case of shrubs, trees and small fruits, an early 
start in the spring means that the wood will be much more 
thoroughly ripened by the following fall, so that there is less 
danger from winter injury. In addition to these reasons, the 
weather this season has been such that the soil is in particularly 
good condition for planting now, and the prospects are that we 
will have a late "growing" fall. And, incidentally, business 
conditions have been such that favorable prices on large orders 
or valuable large single specimens are to be had. There is in 
short every reason why you should plant this fall, and none 
why you shouldn't, provided suitable plants are used and your 
climate is not too severe. If you are in doubt about either of 
these points, information may be obtained from your gardening 
neighbors, your nurseryman, or your state experiment station. 

To put himself upon the road to assured success, the fall 
planter must see to it that conditions are made right from the 
beginning of operations until after hard freezing weather has 
set in. These conditions may be considered under five general 
heads, as follows : good plants, proper soil and drainage, 
thorough preparation, careful planting and efficient winter 
protection. 

GOOD PLANTS 

The first requisite for your plants, from whatever source 
obtained, is healthfulness. You should be certain, either from 
the nurseryman's guarantee, from state inspection, or from 
your own knowledge, that no disease or insect pest is being 



introduced into your garden or grounds. Plants set out or 
transplanted in the fall in a dormant or semi-dormant condi- 
tion, do not give evidence of infestation as plainly as those in 
a growing condition. You should, of course, know the state 
of health of any plants in your own garden which you may 
wish to increase or take up and reset, on account of crowding 
or overgrown crowns. Plants from any reliable nurseryman 
should have a clean bill of health. If you are "swapping" 
plants with a gardener friend, or accepting for planting some- 
body's surplus roots of hardy perennials, satisfy yourself that 
they were in good healthy condition during the previous sum- 
mer. For best results, all plants for fall planting should also 
be well matured. The wood should be firm and hard in the case 
of trees or shrubs and small fruits, and the season's growth of 
flowering period over in the case of perennials. In taking up 
plants, cut the roots off clean with a sharp spade or an edger 
rather than half pulling them from the ground, as is so often 
done ; in this way, many of the main roots are bruised or broken 
and feeding rootlets stripped off. Where possible, take up a 
good ball of earth with the plant, being sure to cut the main or 
tap roots off clean before you attempt to lift it. 

SOIL AND DRAINAGE 

Any ordinarily good soil will answer for most plants that 
are to be set out in the fall. As with vegetables or annual 
flowers, it is better to avoid extremes of sandiness or heavy 
clay, but even these, provided there can be given plenty of 
water in the former instance and adequate drainage in the 
latter, may be successfully utilized. Thorough drainage is 
essential, no matter what the soil or how thorough the care 
that may be given in every other direction. Where artificial 
drainage is required, because of an impervious sub-soil, dyna- 
mite is the cheapest and most economical means of affecting 
it. Small blasts placed at intervals of W to 20' in each 
direction will frequently produce almost miraculous re- 
sults. Where, on account of the grade, the water must be 
drawn off to some other place, tile drainage, of course, must 
be resorted to. The tile itself is not expensive; and, in most 
soils, the cost of installing it is very little. 

Low, wet places which cannot be readily drained need not 
be abandoned ; by a proper selection of aquatic or semi-aquatic 
plants some of the most beautiful effects may be obtained and 
an additional advantage is that this class of plants is par- 
ticularly hardy and free from cultural requirements. A good 
method of handling a refractory marshy spot is to open up 
a small pool or pond in the center. This will generally drain 
the surrounding ground sufficiently to make the use of aquatic 



30 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



or semi-aquatic plants possible and give a beautiful effect. 
The addition of coarse sand, gravel, coal ashes, broken brick 
or plaster, or any similar materials, will greatly benefit heavy 
soils. Lime is good for both extremely light and extremely 
heavy soils. Ground limestone, which in most localities can 
be bought for a few dollars a ton, is especially good for this 
work, as its physical as well as chemical properties are of 
value. Where soil acidity alone is to be corrected, a more con- 
centrated form of lime may be used ; but the raw ground stone 
is so much cheaper that it is generally as economical as any other 
form, even though a greater quantity of it may be necessary. 

THOROUGH PREPARATION 

The amount of preparation which should be given will de- 
pend on the natural quality of the soil and the culture it has 
received for a year or two previous. Where individual speci- 
mens or clumps are to be planted about the grounds or the 
lawns, holes should be dug in advance much larger than would 
be necessary to accommodate the roots of the plants to be set. 
It is not an uncommon practice to do nothing in regard to soil 
preparation until the plants are actually on hand, and then 
to dig out holes just big enough to receive them, with possibly 
a little manure or fertilizer at the bottom. While it is possible, 
of course, to take care of the food requirements of perennials, 
shrubs and trees from year to year, in nine cases out of ten 
that will not be done, and a several years' supply of plant food 
should be incorporated with the soil before planting. 

The best materials to use for this purpose are very thorough- 
ly rotted manure and ground bone of the latter a mixture 
of "fine ground" and coarse or "knuckle" bone being desirable, 
because the finer particles become available at once, while the 
larger ones decay gradually during several years. In addition 
to these, muriate of potash, or unleached hard-wood ashes, 
which contain a good percentage of potash, if one can buy 
them locally (or from commercial sources, under a positive 
guarantee as to the percentage of potash), while not positively 
essential in all soils, will, however, in the majority of cases 
give better results than would be obtained without them. All 
of these things require some time in the soil before being 
available to the feeding roots of plants, and as it is important 
that the latter become well established before hard freezing 
weather, there is a very positive advantage in applying these 
materials several weeks before planting. If a forkful of well- 
rotted manure, two handfuls of bone and a handful of potash 
(or two or three handfuls of ashes) are thoroughly mixed with 
the soil in the hole dug for each plant or two or three times 
these amounts for large shrubs or trees the plant food side 
of their requirements will be taken care of for several years 
to come. 

In making holes for 
planting in sod, the sur- 
face layer should be set 
to one side and either 
chopped up fine and 
mixed with the soil, or, 
if it is very hot and 
dry, saved and put 
around the plant, up- 
side down, as a mulch 
after planting. 

PLANTING 

The first thing to 
look out for in the actu- 
al work of setting the 
plants is to see that the 
roots are in the proper 
condition; these should 
be kept moist and soft 
until the very moment 

of putting them into Planted now, larkspur will have a better 

the hole. Any that are chance for a healthy start next 

i_ j . spring. Good rich soil is necessary. 

bruised, broken or long fo V b * st results 




and straggly, should be cut back with a sharp knife. If the 
holes are prepared in advance, as suggested above, the plant- 
ing, except in the case of large trees, can be done by hand or 
with a small trowel. The trees and shrubs when received from 
the nursery should be promptly unpacked and the various 
bundles, if the moss or wrapping about them has begun to dry 
out, should be placed in very shallow water so that they may 
absorb as much as they will, without being soaked. Keep them 
away from winds and direct sunshine. A piece of moist, wet 
burlap wrapped around the roots of small plants while setting 
them out will prevent them from getting dried out during the 
process. 

In planting, make the holes of sufficient depth so that the 
plants can be set just about as deep as they were growing be- 
fore they were taken up. Most perennials that form clumps 
or crowns should be set out so that the tops of these are about 
level with, or very slightly lower than, the surface due allow- 
ance being made for the settling of the soil, especially if it is 
freshly dug. The roots should be given their natural position 
as far as possible, making the hole sufficiently large or deep to 
accommodate them. Roots that are too long are better cut off 
to a convenient length, rather than to twist and bend them to 
conform to the hole. After getting the plants in place, work 
the soil in firmly about the roots with the fingers if it is simply 
thrown in with the trowel or spade, and then pressed down on 
top, air spaces may be left about the roots and the compact 
soil at the surface will prevent water from working down to 
the roots. This is a condition exactly opposite to that which is 
wanted. The soil should be pressed firmly around the roots 
into close contact with the minute root hairs, and should be 
left loose at the top two inches or so to form a mulch similar 
to that made by cultivation in the flower or vegetable garden. 
The closed knuckles, or, with larger plants, the ball of the foot 
should be used frequently while the hole is being filled up to 
secure the desired firmness of the soil below the surface ; press 
the plant so firmly into the soil that wind and rain cannot loosen 
it. Loose planting is probably the cause of more failures in 
fall planting than any other single thing. If the soil is moist, 
water at transplanting will not ordinarily be required, because 
at this time of the year there is likely to be plenty of rain. 
If there should be a "dry spell" at planting time, however, 
a half pail or so of water should be poured into each hole and 
allowed to soak away before planting; and, if it is thought 
necessary, this treatment should be repeated after the holes 
have been half filled up. 

WINTER PROTECTION 

After planting and very careful tagging, so that you will 
know just what each thing is no further attention will be 

required by your 
newly set plants, except 
an occasional hoeing if 
hard rains pack the 
surface of the soil, un- 
til hard freezing weath- 
er. Then, after the 
surface of the soil is 
well frozen and there 
is every prospect that 
it will not thaw again, 
the winter mulch 
should be applied. The 
purpose of this mulch 
is three-fold: it pre- 
vents injury to the 
plants from being 
loosened or "heaved 
up" by the alternate 
freezing and thawing 
of the surface ground ; 

There is still a chance to plant iris it offers protection to 

before frost. Some varieties require (Continued n 

winter protection. A mulch is *rr\\ 

always safe P^9 e ') 



October, 1915 



31 







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32 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



Photograph by John Wallace Gillies 



FARNSWORTH' 



The Long Island Home of C. K. G. Billings, Esq., 

at Locust Valley A Country Estate in 

Every Respect Perfectly Appointed 



Guy Lowell, architect 



Photographs copyrighted by Edwin Lcnck 




October, 1915 




Because of the Georgian severity of its 
exterior the house depends greatly 
upon the grounds for its successful 
effect. Following the custom of 
Southern countries, the house is 
built around a patio 



Along one of the walks that fringe the 
pool, and backed by a high wall, 
stands a row of wistarias in tubs, an 
unusually attractive treatment for a 
formal garden 



In a hollow behind a wing of the house 
is a formal pool rimmed about with 
walks and balustraded promenades 
separated by wide flower beds. Pot- 
ted plants stand at accent points 



The music room is circular and opens 
through wide doors to the living- 
room and patio. Walls and ceil- 
ings are decorated with classical de- 
signs of Pompeian character, the 
furnishings being Louis XVI 



Among the many bedrooms is one in 
lavender with Louis XVI furnishings. 
From the fabric of the hangings has 
been taken the flower motif for the 
upholstery and bedspreads. The fur- 
niture is ivory white 



Quite one of the most interesting fea- 
tures of the drawing-room is the 
manner in which the furniture has 
been grouped in centers, affording 
decorative interest and comfort. The 
doors open on the formal garden 



QOfl 



34 



HO USE & GARDEN 



Showing the sink sunk in the end of the table. It would be 
better if the table were larger and the sink in the middle of the 
table, and the drain grooves not so long 



A good arrangement of counter and cupboards in a small flat. A 
better plan would have given some open shelves and room for 
a shelf or drain board at the left end of sink 




[his shows how a poorly arranged flat kitchen may be made more convenient at an expense of two or three 
dollars for a stool, cup hooks and shelves. The table is on casters. Cheap linoleum floor (not inlaid linoleum) 

THREE SOLUTIONS OF THE KITCHEN PROBLEM 



-III li 



Tir Ttr 



October, 1915 



35 




A good kitchen for a larger family. Size, type and location of sink are excellent. Note light over sink. There is the proper relation of 
table, sink and counters one to the other and to pantry. The floor is covered with inlaid linoleum and the walls painted 



WHAT EVERY KITCHEN NEEDS 

Planning for its Requirements Before Building Efficient Arrangement for Stove, Sink, 
Table and Cabinets Economy of Space that Saves Work 

CECIL F. BAKER 



WITHIN the past fifty years the kitchen has developed 
from a general family utility room to a culinary labora- 
tory, and it must be studied with this newer conception in mind. 
Whether the home to be designed is a five-room cottage requir- 
ing no servant, or a forty-room mansion re- 
quiring a dozen or more servants, the funda- 
mental problem is the same. It is not enough 
in planning a house simply to mark out a 
room of a given size and to designate it as 
"kitchen," hoping to put in the equipment 
after the house is up, and to have the result 
of a good working laboratory. The details 
required by the work to be carried on in each 
kitchen must be considered before a decision 
on the location, size or arrangement of the 
room can be definitely made. 

The three main elements of the room are 
always the stove, the sink and the table. Re- 
gardless of the size or the type of each, the 
operations carried on with them are in such 
close relation one to the other, that the para- 
mount issue in the arrangement of the room 
is to have these three pieces of furniture so 
placed that the operations between them may 
be carried on with no steps or at least as 
few as possible. Next must be considered 
the care of the utensils and the storage of the 




Metal kitchen cabinets will be 
found indispensable. They 
range from $45 up 



materials required in the operations to be carried on in this 
main center of the room. This will be accomplished with the 
use of various types of cabinets, shelves, cupboards and bins ; 
which, together with the sink, stove and table, include practi- 
cally all the equipment necessary for the 
usual work of the kitchen. With these vari- 
ous items of furniture and equipment in 
mind, and with a clear idea of their relation, 
one to the other, one is well prepared to pro- 
ceed with the planning of the kitchen in its 
relation to the other portions of the house. 

Those items, which are a part of the struc- 
ture of the house, and which must be con- 
sidered in the first instance, always bearing 
in mind their close relation to the later plac- 
ing of the equipment, are the relation of the 
windows to the points of the compass, the 
distribution of the doors and windows, so as 
to provide the proper wall spaces for the fur- 
niture and the other equipment, and still to 
provide good light for all of the working 
spaces, as well as easy and direct lines of 
travel to the dining-room, to the basement, to 
the rear entrance, and to the one or more 
pantries. The location of the flues, electrical, 
gas and plumbing outlets, must also be care- 
fully considered at this time. The question 



36 



HOUSE 



GARDEN 



of the pantry is scarcely of less im- 
portance than that of the kitchen it- 
self. The design of the butler's or 
serving pantry will be largely gov- 
erned by the question of how many 
servants are to be employed, as in a 
household where two or more ser- 
vants are employed, one of them 
may, at times, work almost exclu- 
sively in this pantry requiring a sink 
for washing of glass, silver and the 
more delicate china, as well as an 
ample counter or work table. If but 
one or no servant is employed, it is 
not likely that a sink will be required 
in the pantry, or so extensive a work- 
ing space. 

Another governing factor in the 
arrangement of the pantry is the 
quantity of china and dining-room 
equipment to be cared for and the 
extent to which its storage will be 
divided between the pantry and the 
dining-room itself. It is coming to 
be felt by many people that it shows 
better taste not to display much china 
or silver in the dining-room, and it is 
certainly a labor-saving system to 
keep it in the pantry, where it need 
not always be ready for dress parade. 

Again, if the display is made in the dining-room, at the times 
of entertaining, when the hostess would like to have the dining- 
room appear at its best, she finds that her cupboards and china 
closets are almost bare, owing to the drain on their contents to 
provide for the extra guests. If the flat silver is to be kept in 
the pantry, there should be provided for the purpose drawers 
with partitioned compartments, covered with felt or canton 
flannel. The proper care of linen will necessitate a number of 
drawers designed for the purpose. These drawers must be 
wide in order to receive large table cloths, with the minimum 
of folding, and they should not be too deep, as the necessity of 
removing the articles on the top, in order to reach those farther 
down, is not only an inconvenience, but the extra handling also 




A nicely finished kitchen, but the table, stove, counters and sink are too far apart. The solid 
base of floor fitting snugly against the wall is good. Walls are tiled, door trims marble and the 
floor tile making the room sanitary in every respect 



musses the linen. This pantry is also the logical place for some 
device for the storage of extra table leaves, and possibly for a 
false table top, used to increase the standard-sized round table 
for special occasions. A dish-warming radiator placed here 
may form the double purpose of heating the room, and provid- 
ing a place for the warming of the dishes for the dining-room 
service, thus eliminating the necessity of taking these dishes 
to the kitchen for warming. 

The refrigerator is almost as important as the pantry itself, 
and should be placed in the butler's pantry. It has been rather 
common practice to place the refrigerator in the so-called 
kitchen or cold pantry, but it seems certainly to be more logi- 
cally placed in the butler's pantry, where it will be equally dis- 
tant from the dining-room and from 
the kitchen, as the trips to it from 
each of these rooms occur with al- 
most equal frequency. In some of 
the better refrigerators on the market 
to-day the insulation is so perfect 
that the slightly warmer temperature 
of the butler's pantry is a negligible 
factor. An outside door to the ice 
chamber, allowing for direct filling 
from the exterior of the house, is 
very desirable, not only as it elimi- 
nates the dirt and the confusion of 
having the iceman come into the 
house, but it also enables those not 
desiring to keep ice through the win- 
ter to use the refrigerator in winter 
without ice, by the simple device of 
arranging the rear door of the ice 
chamber with a screen, and allowing 
the cold air to circulate through the 
entire refrigerator. As some types of 
refrigerators are now made with 
water coils for the cooling of water, 
and with electric lights which are 
turned on by the opening of the door, 
it is necessary to consider at the first 
instance, whether such a type is to be 
used, so that the proper water, and 
(Continued on page 76.) 




Here the spacing is in better proportion, fewer steps having to be taken between the work 
parts of the room. Modern cabinets concentrate the work. Here the pantry tray is of marble 



October, i y i 



37 



The Collectors' Department of Antiques and Curios 



5 
I 

! . . 



CONDUCTED BY GARDNER TEALL 



Some Rare Embroideries of the 
Stuart Period 

THK Stuart period of embroideries is 
one of great interest to the collector. 
A few years ago comparatively little atten- 
tion was paid to examples of English em- 
broidered work of the Seventeenth Cen- 
tury. Specimens of the sort are now eager- 
ly sought for, not only by private collectors, 
but by public museums as well. True it is 
that the English embroideries of the Seven- 
teenth Century are not comparable in ar- 
tistic quality with those of earlier periods, 
although the technical skill displayed there- 
in, particularly in the class known as stump- 
work, has not been surpassed in English 
needlework of any period since that of the 
very early ecclesiastical embroideries. Cer- 
tain of its characteristic patterns survived 
the Elizabethan reign, only to degenerate 
into what, during King James' time, one 
must confess to be some of the most unin- 
teresting work in the whole history of Eng- 
lish embroidery. Some quilted work, in- 
spired by oriental design and certain crewels 
for hangings, were exceptions. This ori- 
ental influence was derived from the rapidly 
developing intercourse, through commerce, 
of England with India and with China, 
which marked the reign of James I and that 
of the two Charles (a proclamation of 
Charles I, in 1631, for instance, permitted 
the importation from the East Indies of 
"quilts of China embroidered with gold"). 
Obelisks and pyramids were favorite devices 
with the embroiderer of James I, just as 
they were with wood-carvers and silver- 
smiths of the day, a fact interesting to note. 



Readers of HOUSE & GARDEN, who are in- 
terested in antiques and curios, are invited 
to address any inquiries on these subjects 
to the Collectors' Department, HOUSE & 
GARDEN, 440 Fourth Avenue, New York, 
N. Y. Inquiries should be accompanied by 
stamps for return postage. Foreign cor- 
respondents may enclose postage stamps 
of their respective countries. 



as the employment of such devices often 
aids the collector to fix the period of an 
object he may be studying. Towards the 
end of this reign it became fashionable to 
represent religious subjects in needlework. 
The manufacture of tapestry in England 
flourished side by side with that of embroid- 
ery throughout James I's reign and the 
reigns of Charles I and Charles II, and it 
was from tapestry subjects that the needle- 
work pictures of the Stuart period derived 




Embroidered sachet by Lady Mary Fairfax, 
wife of the second Duke of Buckingham. 
Stump-work of the Stuart period (Charles 
I). Collection of Mr. Thomas Peck 



their inspiration. So thoroughly established 
had their vogue become, that although the 
fabrication of tapestry rapidly declined dur- 
ing the end of the reign of Charles II, em- 
broidered pictures still held their own. 

The petit-point or tent-stitch was effec- 
tively employed in the tapestry-embroideries 
of this period. In its earliest form this 
stitch was worked over a single thread and 
produced a massed effect of very fine lines. 
As Huish points out, these tapestry-em- 
broideries of the Stuart period were scarce- 
ly inferior, as mirrors of the fashions of 
the time to paintings by Van Dyck or en- 
gravings by Hollar. This authority says 
that these picture embroideries "are the 
product of hands which very certainly 
knew the cut of every garment, and the 
intricacy of every bow, knot, and point, and 
which would take a pride in rendering them 
not only with accuracy, but in the latest 
mode." 

The illustrations acompanying this article 
picture a rare and interesting collection of 
needlework of the Stuart period, small in 
extent, but precious in historical value. The 
objects consist of an embroidered jewel- 
cabinet and a number of small pieces, all 
the handiwork of Lady Mary Fairfax, in 
the reign of Charles I. Lady Mary was the 
daughter of Sir Thomas Fairfax and the 
Lady Anne Vere de Vere. She subsequent- 
ly became the unhappy wife of the notori- 
ous profligate, George Villiers, second Duke 
of Buckingham. This cabinet and its con- 
tents is a family heirloom which has de- 
scended to its present owner, Mr. Thomas 
Peck, a Canadian collector, by whose per- 
(Continued on paye 70) 




An embroidered jewel-cabinet of the Stuart period (Charles 1), the 
work of Lady Mary Fairfax. The long stitchwork is especially inter- 



A pin-cushion, sachet, needle-case, two jewel-boxes and specimens of 
beadwork, embroidered by Lady Mary Fairfax. From the collection 



38 



HOUSE & GARDEN 




A wood house: wood frame, roofed with white cedar shingles 
and the walls covered with red cedar painted white, a com- 
bination suitable to a rural environment 



The general style is the Northern Tradition with modern adap- 
tations, the two end wings and fenestration serving to give 
perfect balance of line and proportion 



THE HOME OF WILLIAM C. CHENEY, Esq., AT SOUTH MANCHESTER, CONN. 

A. Raymond Ellis, architect 




The merits of this plan lie in its livableness, the ease of 
passage from room to room and the segregation of 
the service quarters 



The dining-room, 
halls and cham- 
bers are finished 
in whitewood 
painted white in 
an egg-shell fin- 
ish ; floors are 
oak, those in the 
chambers North 
Carolina pine 




On the second floor is the same livable division, the unit 
of the owner's chamber, bathroom and sleeping porch 
being a commendable arrangement 



The living-room is finished in 
quarter sawed red gum 



Though a small matter, the turn 
in the stairs adds character to 
this hallway; that and the de- 
tail of simple balusters, railing 
and panels under the stairs 



wood, the walls covered with 
a dull gold silk especially made 
for the purpose 




October, 1915 



39 




THE RESIDENCE OF R. M. ELLIS, Esq., AT GREAT NECK, LONG ISLAND 



Every now and then Aymar Embury II 
relieves his succession of shingle and clap- 
board Dutch Colonial houses with a brick 
house of a different Colonial period. And 
the result is invariably satisfactory. Simple 
in plan, comfortable and livable, this 
residence approaches the desideratum for 
the small American country house 



Aymar Embury II, architect 

The walls are of hollow tile blocks 
veneered with brick. Woodwork through- 
out is cypress. In the hallway the lines 
have been relieved with fluted wood pilas- 
ters with moulded caps and bases, wains- 
cot forming wall panels with the pilasters. 
Boxed beams are used on the ceiling* of 
the house-depth living-room 



Compared with the plan of the Cheney 
House shown opposite, the lines of this 
house maintain the same approximate bal- 
ance, with the exception that the service 
wing is in the rear. The reception room 
is set apart from the more open arrange- 
ment which characterizes the dining- and 
living-room and hall 



HOUSE & CARD E N 



THE FINISH AND CARE OF OLD FURNITURE 

A Study in Elbow Grease and Wax The Way to Preserve Color and 
Grain Cleaning Before Refinishing Some Furniture Don'ts 



ABBOT M C CLURE AND HAROLD DONALDSON EBERLEIN 

Authors of "The Practical Book of Period Furniture, etc." 




T; 



A pie-crust table in 
this condition 
needs only a good 
rubbing down and 
wax 



'HE finish 
and care of 
old furniture or 
of worthy re- 
productions of 
old furniture are 
subjects of an 
importance not 
to be minimized. 
Upon finish and 
care depends a 
large portion of 
furniture's 
aspect and its 
pleasing or un- 
pleasant effect 
upon the eye 
The following 
paragraphs are 

intended for those who own old furniture 
that needs doing over, for those who acquire 
old furniture that requires repair and re- 
finishing, and, lastly, for those who wish to 
give their furniture the just and necessary 
care to keep it in the best condition. 

The color and grain of wood are two 
of the essential features of beauty in 
furniture. It is only fair, therefore, to 
consider their nature and to do justice 
to their qualities in the finish that is ap- 
plied. And it is reasonable to presume 
that the intention of finish is to preserve 
and enhance those qualities and not to dis- 
guise them. The wood whose natural qual- 
ities are most often violated in finishing is 
mahogany. The several varieties differ 
somewhat in color, but the prevailing hue 
is a rich, golden brown that assumes both 
a greater depth of tone and an increasingly 
reddish tinge with age and exposure to the 
light and action of the atmosphere. 

No wood is more beautiful when its 
natural color, unspoiled by stain, is allowed 
to show. It is to be deplored that the popu- 
lar mind has become imbued with the erro- 
neous idea that mahogany ought to be red, 
and the redder the better. The pernicious 
practice of artificially reddening mahogany 
came into fashion about the beginning of the 
Nineteenth Century and was widely in- 
dulged in along with the equally objection- 
able practice of indiscriminately applying 
French polish. Fortunately, the taste for 
making table tops and cabinet work look 
like auxiliary mirrors has somewhat abated 
but the "red" obsession still remains to be 
eradicated if mahogany is to be fairly 
treated. The only valid excuse for stain- 
ing mahogany is one of commercial expe- 
diency. In large furniture factories it is 
often impossible to secure a sufficient sup- 
ply of one kind of mahogany, and the man- 
ufacturers must needs have recourse to 



stain in order to ensure uniformity of color 
in the pieces they produce. In the case of 
an antique no such necessity exists, and it 
will be found well worth while when refin- 
ishing to avoid all stains or dyes. 

Walnut has not been subjected to such 
indignities of artificial coloring except oc- 




For structural repairs, depend upon a reliable 
cabinet-maker, the finish you can do yourself. 
But never use kerosene 



casionally when misguided persons have 
tried to "mahoganize" it red. The appre- 
ciation of its true beauty and value is 
rapidly increasing. 

There is comparatively little really old 
oak furniture to be found in America. 
Nearly all of it is clever reproduction and 
has been "antiqued" with stain, fame and 
filler. For decorative purposes, however, 
it answers quite as well as authentic origi- 
nals and deserves the same care to keep it 
in good condition. Bilsted, the wood of the 
sweet gum or liquidambar, a frequent sub- 
stitute for mahogany in Revolutionary 
times, is beautiful in itself and should be 
kept free of stains. Satinwood, bird's-eye 
or curly maple, often mistaken for satin- 
wood, sycamore and cedar, particularly the 
old Bermudian cedar, have not lent them- 
selves to ill-judged attempts to disguise 
their properties and have fortunately been 
let alone. 

If you own or buy a piece of old furni- 
ture that requires attention, consider well 
before doing anything to it, whether it 
needs merely cleaning or whether refinish- 
ing is imperative. The mistake is often 
made of refinishing when cleaning would 
be better. If the chair, table or piece of 



cabinet work is structurally in good condi- 
tion and has acquired the patience that only 
age, use and reasonable care can give, it is 
a pity to destroy the work of years, which 
nothing but a lifetime can replace, merely 
for the sa'ke of having an object "spick and 
span" and slicked down into almost new- 
ness. Once scraped and refinished, the mel- 
lowness of color and the patina resulting 
from handling and the atmosphere are gone, 
and no amount of money can put them back 
again. Of course, if the surface is covered 
with an accumulation of varnish and "pol- 
ishes" that have obscured the color and 
grain of the wood or "gummed" into a 
crackled coat that fills all depressions and 
sometimes spreads over flat portions too, 
the piece must be scraped and refinished. 
If the piece needs physical repair it must 
necessarily be scraped and refinished. 

You may either do over and refinish the 
piece of old furniture yourself, depending 
upon the cabinet maker for structural re- 
pairs only, or the whole job may be en- 
trusted to the artisan. In the latter case be 
sure you know your man and can be cer- 
tain that he will scrupulously carry out 
your orders. In many cases the antique 
dealer or cabinet maker, while pretending 
to comply, will disregard your directions 
and do as he wishes unless you are in- 
sistent and watch him closely. If he can, he 
will do what is least troublesome and what 
the average indiscriminating customer is 
content to take, or may, through ignorance, 
prefer. When, therefore, you once find a 
conscientious artisan who will do as he is 
bid, stick to him. 

To remove the accumulation of varnish 

( Continued on page 54) 




An excellent American style Hepplewhite of 
good proportions and graceful lines that 
needs only the upholsterer's attention 



October, 1915 



41 



A HOUSING EXPERIMENT IN STUTTGART 

The Rehabilitation of a Squalid Mediaeval Corner by the Erection of Picturesque and Serviceable 
Buildings A Study in Teutonic Tenements for the American Architect 

JOHN J. KLABER 



STUTTGART, the capital 
and principal city of the 
kingdom of Wurtemberg, is 
one of the most prosperous and 
enterprising cities in Southern 
Germany. Unimportant in the 
Middle Ages, it has grown in 
recent times to be an industrial 
center of considerable import- 
ance, with over a quarter of a 
million inhabitants, and its 
prosperity is at present under- 
going a phase of phenomenal 
growth, witnessed by the con- 
struction of large and luxuri- 
ous stores, restaurants, the- 
atres and other structures of 
various natures. 

The old town, like those of 
most German cities, is the cen- 
ter of industry and commerce, 
but preserves, nevertheless, 
many of its old half-timber 
structures of the Middle Ages, 
which are, it must be con- 
fessed, more picturesque than 
sanitary. Their gradual re- 
building and replacement with 
modern structures has threat- 
ened to destroy this pictur- 
esqueness, and its preservation 
has been a matter of no little 
thought on the part of the au- 
thorities. 

The entire length of the old 
town is not over half a mile, 
being unusually small relative- 
ly to the present importance of 
the place, so that the rebuilding 
of five small blocks of houses, 
which forms the subject of the 
present article, is by no means 
an insignificant part. This is, 
in fact, the beginning of an organized 
scheme for the development of the entire 
quarter. 

The Eberhardstrasse, named for one of 
the old Dukes of Wurtemberg, which had 
not then attained to the rank of a kingdom, 
bounds this territory on the southeast, fol- 
lowing the lines of the old fortifications. 
It is one of the chief arteries of the town, 
lined with handsome shops for most of its 
length. The other streets included in the 
area are unimportant, being of a mixed 
character, partly residential, of no very high 
grade, partly commercial. From these ele- 






A combination of various materials has been used to excellent 
on the buildings facing the Geiss-Strasse, ground floors 
stone, the upper of stucco. On this facade is a stone oriel, 
the tale of Hansel and Crete! 



ments, together with the use of stucco as 
the principal building material of the region, 
have been derived the designs for these 
buildings, by the city architect, Karl Hen- 
gerer, and the architects Heinz Mehlin and 
Karl Reissing, of Stuttgart. 

The ground floors throughout are oc- 
cupied by shops, including laundries, bak- 
eries, and others serving the immediate 
neighborhood, together with a number of 
restaurants and beer halls, used, no doubt, 
by the frequenters of the nearby markets. 
On the Eberhardstrasse the shops are of a 
higher grade, including bookstores, auto- 



mobile agencies and the like. 
The upper floors are occu- 
pied by small and medium- 
sized apartments, a use to 
which the small size of the 
building sites is particularly 
adapted. Occupied by peo- 
ple of the working classes, 
these apartments are neverthe- 
less far above the tenement 
flats to which habit has so often 
reconciled us. 

The plan shows the ground 
floor of the block D, the most 
important of the group, with 
large stores brilliantly lighted 
by their broad show windows. 
The upper floors of this block 
include a restaurant and cafe 
on the first floor at the .south- 
west end, the rest being given 
up to offices. The other build- 
ings are more strictly residen- 
tial, and the plan shows typical 
floors, with the division into 
apartments. 

The disposition of these 
apartments is not without in- 
terest, though its conditions are 
by no means those of American 
practice. The small sites, the 
elimination of elevators and 
multiplicity of small stairs, 
have made possible plans that 
are models of convenience and 
economy. There are no long 
corridors, no badly lighted bed- 
rooms, and despite American 
ideas as to European sanita- 
tion, it may be noted that baths, 
though not present in all the 
apartments, are to be found in 
a considerable number, even 
though the probable tenants are of a very 
modest social grade. 

Block A, nearly rectangular in form, is 
divided in its internal arrangement into 
five separate houses, with a central court. 
The stairs have been placed in the corners, 
occupying the least useful position for 
rooms, and the court is used mainly to light 
the stairs, kitchens, baths, etc. Among the 
eight apartments on each floor, only one 
bedroom gives on the court, and this in a 
most favorable position. All other prin- 
cipal rooms face on the four streets sur- 
rounding the block, a result made possible 



advantage 
mainly of 
illustrating 



42 



HO USE & GARDEN 




Block D, facing the Eberhardstrasse, has 
large stores on the ground floor; the 
second, occupied by a restaurant, with 
office buildings filling the remainder 

only by skilful planning, and by the 
modest dimensions of the block in 
question. 

In Block E, with its four houses, 
forming in all eight apartments to a 
floor, only two main rooms face on 
courts, and one of these courts has 
the ventilating value of a street, in 
view of its great openness. In Block 
B, with ten houses and fifteen apart- 
ments, we find again but two main 
rooms lighted only from the court ; in 
Block C, with seven houses, nine 
stairs and seven apartments, there are 
five. But here, again, the conditions 
are somewhat different, for two of the 
houses have nine-room apartments with 
separate service stairs, their entrance being 
from the Eberhardstrasse, with service en- 
trances from the Geiss-Strasse in the rear. 

The plans of the individual apartments, 
examined more in detail, show a decided 




Sgraffito ornament in browns, greys and yellows, are us 
on all the buildings. The shutters are carved w 
decorative designs and painted a dark green 



mans have no fear of irregularity in their 
plans, and show great ingenuity in the ar- 
rangement of rooms on irregular sites. 
They do not consider rectangularity a 
prime requisite in a room, and seem, in 
fact, rather to favor the use of corner tur- 
rets, of bay windows unsymmetrically 



departure from the niachine-made types placed, and of truncated angles and curved 
that we have learned to tolerate. The Ger- walls when these can be of use. The plac- 



The streets center in the Geiss-Platz, 
where the pivotal point is the "Hans im 
Cluck" fountain. Note the old spirit in 
these modern buildings 



ing of the stairs, with their curved 
plans fitted into the angles of the 
courts, is worthy of notice, even 
though the condition of our building 
trades may render their use imprac- 
ticable on this side of the Atlantic. 

The architectural treatment of these 
buildings is, perhaps, even more in- 
teresting to us than their interior dis- 
position. Here a combination of vari- 
ous materials has been used to excel- 
lent advantage. The ground floors are 
mainly of stone, the upper floors of 
stucco, except on the Eberhardstrasse, 
where stone is more generally used. 
The style of the architecture is not an 
archaeological reproduction of the old 
buildings occupying the site, but a free, 
modern handling of the forms derived di- 
rectly from the conditions of the problem. 
Only the high gables and tiled roofs recall 
the older houses that these have replaced. 

The office building on the Eberhard- 
strasse (Block D) is, of course, the most 



October, 1915 



43 





Between blocks C and D on the Eberhard- 
strasse, is swung a bridge, decorated with 
sgraffito designs and an inscription relative 
to the rebuilding of the group 

monumental in treatment. Its high stone 
front with its three gables, the central 
one crowned with a model of a three- 
masted sailing vessel, is well adapted to 
a commercial building of this nature. 
The tower, containing the stairs and ele- 
vators, and visible from the streets in 
the rear, may offer a suggestion to our 
architects for a more dignified treatment 
of this type of construction, by the man- 
ner in which it is made to add to the 
picturesque effect, which it might well 
have ruined. The high pitched roofs are, 
of course, in accordance with the tradi- 
tion of local building, being common 
enough throughout Germany on com- 
mercial as well as private buildings. 

Block C, fronting equally on the Eber- 
hardstrasse, is somewhat simpler in treat- 
ment, since it contains apartments in- 
stead of offices. The two buildings are 
joined by a bridge, with sgraffito decora- 
tions and an inscription relative to the 
rebuilding of the group. Near the 
bridge, at the corner of the cafe 
terrace, is a small drinking foun- 
tain with a stone relief and a bench 
for the casual wayfarer. 

Passing under the bridge, a short 
street leads to the Geiss-Platz, the 
center of the composition. In the 
center of this little space, roughly 
triangular in form, stands a very 
charming fountain, whose sculptor, 
J. Ziedler, of Stuttgart, has depict- 
ed the charming legend of "Hans 
im Gliick" for the edification of 
the local youth. The basin of the 
fountain is of stone, surmounted 
by a wrought-iron canopy of quaint 
design of a somewhat Gothic char- 
acter. In the center is Hans with 
his pig, surrounded by a series of 
six goslings, while the circular 




A closer view of the "Hans im Cluck" fountain 
shows the wrought iron Gothic canopy. 
Replicas of the gilded plaques are to be seen 
on the bottom of the page 
STCINSTRASSC 

III 




These apartments are occupied by people of 
the working class, the rents are low, but 
everything necessary for comfort and health 
\ amply provided 

open-work plaques in the grille represent 
the other episodes of the story. These 
sculptures and plaques are gilded, except 
the main figure, finished in dark bronze; 
the ironwork is black. 

In the same square are several motives 
of decoration, and particularly the richly- 
carved wooden oriel window of one of 
the restaurants, to the west of the foun- 
tain. This oriel, forming half an octagon 
in plan, is due to the same sculptor as the 
fountain, as are, apparently, most of the 
other decorations. 

Another oriel of stone, on one of the 
houses opposite, seems to illustrate the 
story of Hansel and Gretel, and several 
other fairy tales are suggested by other 
decorations here and there. These old 
stories, in fact, are constantly used as a 
source of inspiration by many of the Ger- 
man decorators of the present. 

On the third side of the square, be- 
tween the Geiss-Strasse and the Metzger- 
strasse, stands a tall, gabled house 
with an arcade on the ground floor. 
This front is interesting for its 
fenestration, and for its sgraffito 
ornament, continued on the side 
streets, as the detail shows. The 
handling of the shutters adds an 
additional note of interest, as do 
the amusing sculptured details. 

The treatment of the sgraffito 
work of these buildings deserves a 
word of notice. Instead of the tra- 
ditional Italian sgraffito colors ; 
black, red and white, we find vari- 
ous combinations of soft browns, 
greys and yellows. Brown over 
grey, or grey over yellow ocher is 
the type of the tonality used. More 
brilliant contrasts of color are ob- 
tained by painting and stencilling 
the shutters a dark green. 



The block plan shows the general arrangement of this tenement group 



44 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



For a country breakfast 
room a modernist 
linen striped black, 
green and white. 



$1.50 

IP*' 



yar 



Cubism is applied in 
this fabric of blue, 
purple and green on 
a yellow and brown 
ground. $1.50 a yard 



*'.* 
.f '. f 



*.* 



*.' 



Reminiscent of Persia, a bro\vn 
linen with dark green trees, 
brown and red fruit and red 
and green bird. $1.35 



FABRICS FOR THE 
DINING-ROOM 

Fruit in a Basket and Flowers in a^Bowl 
Have Supplanted the Birds in a Bower 
of Last Year's Design. 



Copied from an old English 
printed linen and suitable for 
a grey dining-room mulberry 
cotton with fruits and flowers 
in yellcw and blue. $2.25 



In a Colonial dining- 
room the old English 
fabrics can be used to 
best advantage 

A striking hand-stenciled 
linen with clear col- 
ored yellow and blue 
fruit on blue stripes. 
$2.50 

Suitable for the porch 
room, a white cotton 
with purple, red, yel- 
low and blue fruit. 
60 cents 



,v 



'* 



- 



-.- v>- 
t ' ^ 

far in i nil' 

nR 'mH 



For a Colonial room, white 
linen with brick red 
roses and blue green 
leaves. $4.00 



A natural and brown toned 
linen showing red and 
yellow flowers and black 
vases. $2.00 



Chinese in feeling and re- 
quiring a rich ensemble; 
pink, green and blue on 
black. $5.25 



Adaptable to almost any 
room a background of 
blue with brilliant birds, 
and flowers. 7 5 cents 




October, / p / .5 




Fran 



The living-room of a Buffalo house 
opens onto this cement and tile 
conservatory, built into the dwell- 
ing 



HALF a dozen years ago people of mod- 
erate means owned a greenhouse or 
a conservatory ; now nearly everybody pos- 
sesses both in a happy combination that is 
neither the one thing nor the other. 

This modern development of home-mak- 
ing grew out of human desire to begin the 
day in a sunny breakfast room amid plants 
and flowers, and greenhouse architects and 
amateurs' experiments have shown a way 
by which almost anyone with a little yard 
space may enrich his life by surrounding 
himself with the beauty and interest of 
growing plants. Indeed, a greenhouse to 
play in was the stipulation made by a gay 
young wife, who abhorred what she con- 
sidered the dullness of country life, and 
not until she obtained one would she ab- 
stain from the amusements of the city. 
With the furnishing of this greenhouse- 
playroom, contentment and happiness were 
restored to the lives of two people whose 
conflicting interests were dragging them 
apart. 

Many and many a greenhouse portal has 



Once a Luxury, Now an 
Essential Flowers the 
Year Around Structural 
Facts and Cost Tables 



MAY WILKINSON MOUNT 



Photographs by Jessie Tarbox Beals, Inc., 
and the manufacturers 




proved the door to happiness, to health or 
to prosperity. Mr. C. W. Ward, of Long 
Island, is not the only one who began to 
cultivate carnations in order to improve his 
health in that occupation, and ended by 
producing some of the finest in the world, 
realizing a large fortune and accumulating 
75.000' of glass devoted to the culture of 
this flower. And with the fortune came the 
health he sought. 

A great many more greenhouses than 
conservatories are now erected because the 
improvement in greenhouse architecture en- 
ables charming unions to be made of these 
with residences. Sometimes this is secured 



Another view of the same conser- 
vatory shows how easily flower 
boxes and drainage can be ar- 
ranged in a house 



through the "nature chapel," an increasing- 
ly popular feature with country residences. 
A beautiful arrangement of the nature 
chapel is expressed in the one built on the 
garden terrace connected with the loggia of 
the Eastman home, in Rochester. More 
often, however, the nature chapel is at- 
tached to a side entrance of the house, and 
the same plan is carried out when green- 
houses erected in Greek temple or Oriental 
mosque effects form part of residences. 

The day of wet-floored and plant-crowd- 
ed conservatories, of dank-smelling, roof- 
dripping greenhouses is past. New drain- 
age and ventilating methods now enable 
people to make living-rooms of these. Here 
breakfast is served when tiled floors have 
been dried after their morning bath ; here 
house parties are entertained and women 
read and embroider, and even attend to 
their correspondence, in the balmy, equable 
temperature of the greenhouses, sur- 
rounded by everything conducive to pleas- 
ant thought. Afternoon tea is sipped in 
the greenhouse or upon glass inclosed, heat- 



46 



HO USE & GARDEN 





This type of lean-to attached to the southern exposure 
of a house in Massachusetts, opens both indoors and 
out and consumes comparatively little fuel 





A Japanese tea room in a Conservatories should be 



house at Dalton, Pa., 
opens directly into the 

conservatory a test of 

its livahleness 



placed in a hollow in 
such a position as to af- 
ford the plants the east 
and west sun 



This lean-to, with garage, 
has proved serviceable 
on the country estate of 
Mrs. Frances Hodgson 
Burnett 



By attaching the greenhouse and garage economy in 
heat and service is obtained. Further economy is 
found in making the two a unit with the house 



ed and lighted piazzas arranged like con- 
servatories, where, when space permits, 
card parties and dances are also given. 

Not only do greenhouse-conservatories 
form part of numberless modern dwellings, 
but they are welded into their architecture 
by still a new feature : an extension roof 
from the wall of the house, as though a 
gallery ran along one side the flower-filled 
room. This roof serves as a rest to the 
eyes from too bright a light and supplies 
a shade from too ardent sunshine. 

The average person who plans a green- 
house seeks economy, and location has 
much to do with this. A sunny hollow of- 
fers the best site. In such a situation the 
house is protected from north winds so that 
less artificial heat is required for it. The 
plants, too, are not so likely to be subjected 
to sudden changes of temperatures. And, 
where garage and greenhouse form a unit 
in the landscape, a hollow offers that archi- 
tectural seclusion desirable for a garage, 
which should never obtrude itself upon the 
attention. 

A house with its gable ends to the north 
and south affords the best exposure for 
plants as they thus obtain all the east and 








October, 1915 



47 





No country place is complete without a garage and 
a greenhouse, and the simplest plan is to link them 
together and have a unit heating plant 



west sun. It is customary to wall up the 
north end of small greenhouses, and where 
this end rests against the house an ideal 
situation is obtained. An important con- 
sideration is that one may get a smaller 
boiler and use less coal for a house with a 
southern exposure than for one placed 
where north winds beat upon it. 

The making of conservatory-greenhouses, 
too, is simplified for amateurs, for the 
houses are built in sections, ready to bolt 
together. One, 9'xl2', with double walls, dou- 
ble-thick glass, plant tables, or "benches," 
and ventilators, could be had, before 
the European war, for from $80 to $115. 
The cost was then regulated by the amount 
of iron or wood in the framework ; now con- 
ditions regulate the price of materials. An 
iron frame is far the better, lasts longer, 
admits more light, does not warp, and costs 
more. 

Together with a heating installation a 
house 20' long may be purchased for $250, 
and the same price buys a 6' x 17' com- 
plete house, with boiler, but does not cover 
carpentry. 

An even-span, all-wood frame house, 
(Continued on page 59) 



The position of the conservatory is often an archi- 
cultural problem. Having found a place suitable 
as to exposure, tie it to the house by the garden 




The conservatory - green- 
house of R. R. Conklyn 
at Huntington, L. I., 
showing the extension 
roof for shade against 
the glare 



A modest type of green- 
house, with coldframe 
attached, is shown be- 
low. The heating plant 
is in the house behind, 
a good arrangement 



The smaller greenhouse 
started the habit in this 
New Jersey home, the 
larger conservatory 
proved how the habit 
grew 





48 



HO USE & GARDEN 



SEEN IN THE SHOPS 



A liberal use of old ivory paint 
relieves the black of this 
carved wood, two-arm lamp. 
The shades are of parch- 
ment and decorated in the 
same colors. $21 



The base of this (Jrecian lamp 
is in cream-colored enamel, 
and contrasts pleasingly 
with the blue cretonne 
shade. The lining is of 
apricot silk. $ 1 5 



She looks like a doll, but in 
reality is only a door-stop 
a pretty Miss with an 
orange gown and black 
shawl. $ I 



Another door-stop is a young 
girl in a blue and white cos- 



tume who balances on her 
head a basket of vari-col- 
ored flowers. $8 



In a narrow hall this 
painted mirror finds 
its place. The frame 
and candle holders 
are of black wood. 
Bright purple, red 
and yellow flowers 
give the necessary 
colors. $ I 2 



Trays are indispensable, especially trays that will stand 
hard wear. Here is one of tin, decorated after a style 
of bygone days, with gay birds and flowers. $ I 2 



As long as there is a smoker in the house a good box 
for cigarettes will be needed. This in black tin 
painted with a gold Chinese scene is admirable. $35 




In a room furnished with 
lacquered furniture, even 
the boxes for photo- 
graphs can carry on the 
color note. This has a 
mulberry ground with 
Chinese figures in gold. 
$35 




Unusual in shape and dec- 
oration, this black carved 
wooden candlestick with 
ivory white trimmings 
would fit well in a black 
and white room. The 
shade i s parchment. 
$16.50 



October, 1915 



49 




SEEN IN THE SHOPS 






Simple in construction* 
this wall luminarie 
can be readily at- 
tached for lighting 



The gargoyle with the 
electric smile gives 
sufficient light for a 
kiddie's room. $5 



This twin light wall 
luminarie can be 
had in assorted 
glazes. $8 



In a small hallway could 
be used a pottery 
bracket of Renais- 
sance design in an- 
tiqued green. $6 




Among the variety of bowls is 
one in green flambe or as- 
sorted glazes, shaped like a 
pear. $1.50 



A variation from the brightly painted 
tinware black fern dishes and waste 
basket. Square fern dishes, $5; oval, 
$4: basket, $7.50 





Made in a cafe au lait, 
such a Colonial wall 
light would suit any 
background. $6 




Shouldered jardinieres of this 
pattern come in brown with 
blue lining and green with 
yellow. $2.25 and $1.50 



Carved wood vases lined with 
zinc and with metal orna- 
ments are a novelty of the 
season. $ I and $ I I 



Grotesques support this bowl 
it's a fruit bowl in real- 
ity of blue with a sky-blue 

lining. $6 



The colors of this array of vases range 
between cat's-eye green and white. 
They sell respectively for $2.50, 
$2.50, $2 and $1.25 








so 



HO USE & GARDEN 



\ ^ 




ONE of the most important things to realize 
now is that it is your last opportunity to 
prevent being overwhelmed with work next 
spring. Anything that can be done now to save 
the precious hours of next April should be done. 
Every hour you can spare from your regular fall 
work should be so employed. The article and 
planting table, on pages 29, 30, 31, take up in de- 
tail the things which can be planted now rather 
than put off until next spring. Any constructive 
work, such as new coldframes, a new tool-shed, 
sash to be glazed or repaired, or cloth sash to 
be made, the general cleaning up of the place, 
the making of flats, gathering of materials for 
next spring's work, should all be done before 
freezing weather. 

Taking Up Summer Bulbs 

One of the early fall jobs which should be at- 
tended to promptly is the taking up of the summer 
bulbs, which have to be wintered over and set out 
again next spring. Of these the caladiums are 
the most tender, and should be taken up even 
before early frosts blacken their foliage. Store 
them in a safe place and let them dry out gradu- 
ally. A good way is to lift them with all the soil 
which will adhere to them, and most of the tops, 
and pack them in a deep frame which can be 
covered when frost threatens. After they have 
dried thoroughly, store them in a warm room or 
under a greenhouse bench, where the temperature 
will not go much below 50, covering them 
with sand or soil. Callas should be dried off in a 
similar way, with a rest of two or three months 
before starting in to growth again. Begonias, 
after the tops have been killed by frost, should 
be dried out gradually, first cutting away the tops, 
and stored in sawdust or sand. Dahlias and 
cannas are a little more hardy and may be left 
until their appearance has been spoiled, when 
their tops should be cut off some 6" or so 
above the roots, the latter taken up and placed 
under cover, or where they can be protected on 
cold nights, to dry thoroughly before storing. 
The roots of either will keep well in any good 
cellar or room where you keep potatoes. Gladioli 
will stand considerable cold, but should be taken 
up at the first opportunity. Lift them carefully, 
saving all the small bulblets that have formed 
around the mother bulbs, and putting them with 
the soil that sticks to them. The large bulbs, 
with an inch or two of the tops left unless they 
have matured enough to have dropped off should 
be thoroughly dried and then packed away in 
flats, each variety carefully labeled, in any good 
dry place safe from freezing. 

Most dahlias and other things which cannot be 
saved, may be protected for a couple of weeks by 
covering with newspapers or sheets against the 
first frost. But the plants which are to be saved 
for the window garden should be taken up and 
made ready. Any which have not been potted 
up, as they should have been last month, so that 
they will get over this shock before having to 
undergo the further one of being taken indoors, 
should be attended to immediately. It is always 
best to make the shift as gradual as possible. It 
is a good thing to pick out a place on the veranda 
where they can be put temporarily for a week or 
two and covered on the cold nights before put- 
ting them into their permanent winter quarters. 
After they are moved indoors, all the air possible 
should be given at first, until they gradually be- 
come accustomed to their new conditions. Plants 
are more or less subject to injury from the sud- 
den change than are animals or humans. Plants 
that are left outdoors to the eleventh hour should 
be cut back very severely when they are potted up. 
An effort to save the flowers and buds that they 
may chance to be bearing at the time is likely to 
result in the entire loss of the plant. After re- 
potting or taking the plants into the house very 
little water should be given for a week or so. 

Give your hardy perennial and shrubbery bord- 
ers their spring treatment this fall before the 
ground freezes. Dig in rotted manure and bone 
meal, and trim up the edges and get them into 




CONDUCTED BY F. F. ROCKWELL 

The Editor will be glad to answer subscribers' 
questions pertaining to individual problems con- 
nected with the gardens and the grounds. 

With inquiries send self-addressed stamped en- 
velope. 



first-class shape before putting on the winter 
mulch. 

Make a Vegetable Pit 

Few houses have cellars sufficiently large to ac- 
commodate both the heating plant and a supply 
of vegetables large enough to last through the 
winter and early spring, therefore, the more bulky 
things such as potatoes, cabbage, turnips and 
onions are not grown for a winter's supply. A 
vegetable pit sufficiently large to store a full sup- 
ply of vegetables can be made with little more 
expense than that involved in the construction of 
a hotbed. If a steep bank is available, it may be 
built into that, the earth forming the back and 
part of the sides, otherwise, a small pit may be 
built in the form of a double hotbed, but with a 
much deeper pitch. The sides may be a foot or 
two above the ground, level, with the ridge three 
or four feet. By digging it out to a depth of two 
or three feet, and using the soil to bank up the 
sides, a storage space of considerable size may 
be had at very little expense. Old sashes covered 
with boards will make a good roof ; a small door 
or a loose sash that may be used as a door should 
be left on the north side. On the approach of 
continued cold weather, the roof, which should 
be very strongly supported, must be covered with 
litter and earth sufficiently deep to make it frost- 
proof. Additional protection may be given in 
very cold weather by using a lamp or a small oil 
stove. A small ventilator should also be provided, 
which should also be stopped up when necessary 
with an old bag. 



Get the Greenhouse Started 



Do not wait until the last minute to look over 
the greenhouse. The pipes are likely to leak a 
little until the system has been in use for a day 
or two. For replacing panes of glass that have 
been broken or filling small holes, you will find 
that liquid putty, which can be bought of most 
seedsmen, is much more convenient and effective 
than the ordinary kind. In using it see that all 
wood is scraped clean and is perfectly dry. 

Where possible, it is best to renew the soil en- 
tirely in raised benches, and at least several inches 
of top soil in solid beds. The soil removed, if 
it has been free from plant diseases, may be added 
to the compost and will be available for use in 
the spring in transplanting vegetables. Get in full 
supplies of soil, leaf mould, sphagnum moss, and 
other things which you may require through the 
winter and the early spring. Attention to this 
matter now may save endless trouble next Febru- 
ary and March. A supply of manure suitable for 
use in pots and flats should be secured and placed 
in a neat compact pile in a convenient place. Get 
that which is several months old and contains a 
large percentage of horse manure; then, by next 
spring, it will be in an ideal condition for green- 
house use. Examine it carefully a week or two 
after stacking, to see that it is not heating too 
much; if it is, stack it over again, turning it 
inside out in the process. 

There are still many bright, hot days and ven- 
tilation must be carefully watched. Carnations, 
roses and other plants grown in soil will need 
frequent cultivation, just as they did outdoors, 
even though no weeds may apear. In watering, 
remember that the rule should be "Seldom but 
thorough, rather than a little and often." There 
is little danger of overwatering plants in pots, but 
in solid beds great care must be exercised, be- 
cause if they are once too wet it is a very diffi- 
cult matter to get them thoroughly dried out 
again. Water may be applied as long as the 
ground will absorb it readily, but never until it 
stands upon the surface. Go over your potted 
plants an hour or so after watering, and knock 
one out here and there to see whether it is satu- 
rated clear to the bottom. It is very difficult to 
tell by mere guess work whether they have been 
wet clear down. On the approach of short days 
and dull weather, water only on bright mornings, 
so that the surface of the soil may dry off thor- 
oughly before evening. 

Do Your "Spring Cleaning" Now 

Nothing is so more unsightly than an abandoned 
garden and nothing more dangerous to the 
health of next year's garden. Every bit of refuse 
and weeds means a winter place of shelter for 
disease spores, insect eggs and weed seeds. Every 
bonfire which illumines the evenings of early 
spring is a blazing sign of work neglected the fall 
before. Have your bonfires now ! Go over your 
garden from one end to the other and from side 
to side with a fine tooth-comb or at least with 
an iron rake. Old bean stalks, late pea vines, cab- 
bage stumps, old weeds, tomato and bean poles. 
refuse from the root crops, fallen leaves remove 
them all, rake up clean after them and burn. To- 
mato and bean poles, pea trellis and other things 
that are sound and worth saving should be stored 
away under cover for use next year. 

Get New Frames Ready 

Now is the best time to build your new cold- 
frames and hotbeds, or to repair your old ones, 
even if you do not expect to use them until next 
spring. One advantage will be that the work will 
be out of the way, and another will be that they 
will be ready to use two weeks or so earlier than 
you can possibly build them in the spring. With 
double glass sash, however, there is no reason for 
having them idle during the winter. In climates 
in which the thermometer does not go much be- 
low zero, double glass sash will be protection 
enough to keep lettuce, radishes and violets prac- 
tically through the season, the employment of sash 
or shutters being seldom necessary. 



October, 1915 



51 




INTERIOR DECORATIONS 

CONDUCTED BY AGNES FOSTER 



Vari-colored birds and 
flowers on a black 
ground would set off a 
Chinese lacquered mir- 
ror. $2.60 a roll 



NOVELTY a s 
novelty may 
not have much 
substantiation, but 
if novelty has in 
addition some fun- 
damental virtue, it 
scores two points at 
once fashion and 
beauty. There are 
those who have a 
positive infatuation 
for novelty, but 
happily that type of 
mind generally is 
found among de- 
votees of the styles 
of dress rather than 
interior decoration. 
With every innova- 
tion as to house 

decoration there are those who cavil and those who 
answer, "Why not, pray?" The answer should be 
the raison d'etre of the novelty. 

A most plausible innovation is the use of fur on 
fabrics. Applied as a guimpe on lampshades it has 
a distinctly decorative quality, and gives to the shade 
a soft, enriching finish. The material of the shade 
must be correspondingly rich to avoid its looking 
tawdry. Inch wide strips are sewed on at the top and 
bottom much in the same manner as a guimpe is 
applied. A thin strip of gilt galoon may be 
laid through the middle of the fur to enrich 
the appearance of the latter. 

The most effective combination is a shade 
made of deep gold silk and over this gold lace 
edged with fur. Medallions of fur may be 
placed at intervals so as to catch up the lace. 
In an Italian or English room of rich fabrics 
and coloring such a shade would find its 
metier. For a dainty boudoir a pink silk shade 
of delicate tone might be edged with white 
swan's down. 

Fur bordered cushions give the same genial 
effect as a Maltese cat curled up on a couch. 
They are the same acme of luxury, but are 
practical as well. A brocade cushion in deep 
mauve striped with yellows and greens, edged 
with a black fur and finished with handsome 
tassels is at once harmonious and mellow in 
color. For a debutante's boudoir what could 
be more alluring than a cushion of rose striped 
taffeta edged with white fur and with tassels of 
a deeper rose. As the proverbial old maid loves 
her cat, so might she love a deep blue velour 
cushion finished with a dark toned fur on her 
comfortable lounge chair by the fire. Now that 
fur has come in as a decoration on accessories, 



Questions on House Furnishing and Decora- 
tion will be answered promptly and without 
charge by this department. Readers desiring 
color schemes will kindly state exposure of the 
room. Fabrics and articles shown here can be 
purchased through HOUSE & GARDEN. Send 
a self -addressed stamped envelope. 




Fur on lampshades is perfectly plaus- 
ible, in fact, it is the last word in 
luxurious accessories. Gold lace 
adds greater distinction. $45 




This grey striped paper 
with yellow rose and 
blue flowers suggests 
black furniture with rose 
decorations. $2.50 




Cushions also are adaptable to fur trimming. This 
edged with dark fur, gives the same genial effect 
Maltese cat curled up on a couch. $24 



it may as well be 

used as an edging 

on curtains. A silk 

combining tones of 

deep blue and pur- 
ple and edged with 

a two-inch band of 

dark brown fur at 

the bottom would 

make a striking 

window hanging. A 

black pliable satin 

hanging edged with 

red fox almost 

orange in hue 

would please beyond 

measure those of us 

who desire varied 

effects and like, 

above all else, to fall 

in with the fashion. 

Or, to reverse the effect, orange curtains of Shiki silk 

edged with black fur might please the same lady who 

craves novelty. 

****** 
Modern wall papers seem rather to be planned for 

the restaurant, the breakfast room, the club or billiard 

room, in fact, for any room except those in which we 

most live. They are more or less a reaction against 

the neutral backgrounds that everyone has had for the 

past decade. Neutral colors set off your pictures, 
etchings and prints, but nowadays pictures are 
tabooed to a large extent. They are being re- 
placed by decorative mirrors. Thus, what 
would look better than a Chinese black lac- 
quered mirror on black paper covered with 
brilliant birds and more brilliant foliage and 
flowers. There one has the exact compliment 
of the neutral background; decorative, but 
decorative with such perfect balance of rhythm, 
of line and color as to form a harmonious and 
gorgeous wall surface. Used in a hallway with 
Chippendale furnishings and mulberry hang- 
ings the effect would be graceful and elegant. 

The grey striped paper with baskets filled 
with rose, yellow and blue flowers immediately 
suggests black furniture decorated in rose. The 
prevailing taste this season seems to be for 
painted furniture and our papers have been 
designed and colored to act as a foil to the 
furniture. And it is surprising what a vast 
accumulation is to be found in these modern 
papers from which the decorator may work 
color combinations never . dreamed of before. 
We find in the papers the background color, 
and applied on to it, the various colored fruits, 
flowers and birds that we may use as motifs 
on our furniture. 



one 
as i 




This wall paper of black and white 
Chinese design is suitable for 
hallways. It needs no further 
decoration. $4.00 a roll 



Stripes are more than ever in 
vogue, but they must be used 
judiciously, as this in blue, yel- 
low, black and white. 50 cents 



Pick out from the stripes which 
here have blue and yellow pre- 
dominating a tone to decorate 

the furniture with. 50 cents 



For a bedroom with white wood- 
work nothing could be fresher 
and more restful than this black 
and white paper. $1.25 a roll 



52 



HOUSE & GARDEN 



T 



EDITORIAL 



TROUGH some un- 
accountable neglect 
or prejudice on the part 
of editors, the general 
run of articles published nowa- 
days on interior decoration seem 
to be restricted to the decoration 
of women's rooms ; or, to put it 

more concisely, the advice given for the decoration of rooms is 
strongly tinctured with feminine influence. Doubtless there 
are excellent reasons; up to the past decade the center of 
woman's interests was the home, having to stay there most of 
the day she naturally fixed it up to suit herself. Men, on the 
other hand, have always been notorious housekeepers. They 
make atrocious beds or else never make them they clutter, 
are seldom known to pick up what they lay down, and their 
idea of a good time is to sit in a worn-out arm chair with a book 
and a reeking pipe. Consequently the average well-ordered 
household is sadly divided against itself in matters of decora- 
tion. Hence the rise of men's clubs and mysterious lodges. 
Seriously, though, the man in the house is due his own sphere, 
and, in all modesty, can he not claim as his very own the work- 
shop and the library ? 

Perhaps it were more happily phrased : the workshop or the 
library. For men are of three kinds : Those who prefer to loll 
around the women's quarters, like the weaklings of Whistler's 
"Ten o'Clock," who stayed behind with the women while the 
men followed the chase; those who enjoy work with their 
hands; and those whose greatest enjoyment is intellectual. 
One is symbolized by the green carnation, another by the ham- 
mer and the saw, the third by a book. The green carnation 
man will find his metier in the boudoir and need not be con- 
sidered here. Of the workshop and the library there are many 
things to be said. 

It is a singular paradox that the man who clutters in the 
house will be systematic and orderly in the workshop. Order 
is work's first law. One cannot clutter with a lathe else the 
work is bungled. Hence the workshop is, as its name connotes, 
a place for systematic pleasure. It is, moreover, a room of 
queer smells, of paint and freshly-cut wood, of vile grease and 
noise. Because of these things it should be in a secluded posi- 
tion a cellar or an attic or an outhouse. What a man does in 
his workshop may evince the subdued solicitation of his family, 
but should never be subject to its prying interests, for there it is 
that, with painstaking skill, he fashions those things of wood 
and iron which satisfy the craving 
of the artist in his soul. 

Or again, the workshop may be a 
greenhouse another place of queer 
smells, silences and privacy, a place 
of mysterious experiments with soils 
and grafting knives, a place of tire- 
less battles against pest foes, where, 
with a care almost womanlike in its 
tenderness and persistency, a man 
will watch the child seeds grow to 
lusty manhood of plant and glori- 
ous prime of blossom. 

In the library the same general 
conditions prevail. It should never 
be a place en route a room to go 
through to' get to other rooms ; nor 
should its doors open wide into 
other parts of the house, rather, one 
should enter it by a long passage or 
a low door, like the humble sill of 
some sanctuaried Heaven. It, too, 
is a workshop, and, like a work- 
shop, has the odors of its honest 
toil the tang of aging buckram, 
the acrid tinge of dead embers on 
an unswept hearth, and the pungent 
perfume of stale tobacco smoke. 



The Man in the House 



here 




Here rank on rank stand 
the serried hosts of 
books decoration 
enough in themselves ; 
are work desk and map 
table, and by the wide hearth, 
comfortable chairs. Scattered 
about with no preconceived ar- 
tistry are trinkets rich with the association of many men and 
many places. Chaos may reign here, but only he who has 
made it can satisfactorily restore order. 

A lot has been written and said on how books should be cared 
for, and we have it on the authority of a host of housewives 
that dust is ruinous to books and hence they should be covered 
with glass. But to a man who genuinely loves his books no idea 
is more abhorrent. Besides, there is a certain sensuous plea- 
sure in "tunking" the dust out of a book. 

Above all, a library should be a place of accumulation. You 
may buy a complete bedroom suite at one time and still main- 
tain your self-respect, but where is the self-respecting man 
who would buy an entire library at one fell swoop ! No, there 
must always be room for one book more, and if there is no 
more room, the library must be enlarged. 

Thus far, nothing practical on the decoration of men's 
rooms ; nothing is to come. This, because the problems of color 
schemes and furniture arrangement are not half so vital as 
understanding the big idea behind each room. Therein lies the 
weakness of much modern decoration it fails to grasp the 
psychology of that life which it purports to interpret. In a 
woman's room the problem is to make a fit setting, a back- 
ground for her beauty ; in a man's it is to afford accommodation 
for his activities. The rose bud type of woman will want a 
dainty setting whether the setting be a boudoir or a living-room, 
but whoever heard of a man's room decorated to suit his com- 
plexion or the color of his waistcoat ! You do hear, though, 
of his rooms being given the particular environment of his 
hobbies and his work. 

Besides accommodation for his hobbies a man desires com- 
fort perhaps comfort first and accommodation afterward. 
He comes home to relax, he seeks relief from the tension of 
business; women, on the other hand, have no such radical 
changes of environment save they go out. Hence, the pen- 
chant women have for variety in room decoration. 

In a man's mind decoration is invariably subordinate to com- 
fort. He goes back unconsciously to the time when furniture 

was made because it was needed, 
and ornamented later, only as an af- 
terthought. He looks upon a chair 
not as an integral part of a decora- 
tive scheme or the product of some 
master, but as an accommodation. 

This differentiation may seem 
brutal and to reduce men to the 
level of a lower order of beast. It 
is, in fact, an indication of his high- 
er sensibility. He knows that 
rooms were made to live in, and 
that before anything else a room 
must be livable. He may add to the 
artistic appearance of the fabric of 
that room, but never once does he 
lose sight of its ultimate aim. 

As shown above, the odors of a 
man's room are those of that labor 
which is relaxative a classification 
more sane than sensuous. For one 
may see deeper with his nose than 
with his eyes. He knows a church 
by its musty odor of sanctity, he 
knows the boudoir by its odor of 
beauty and the workshop by its odor 
of toil all things that come of life, 
life which is greater than art. 



October, 1915 



53 




w. 




J. SLOANE 




Interior Decorators, 

Furniture Makers, 
Floor Coverings v Fabrics 



Fifth Avenue and Forty- Seventh St. (fl 
New York. )\\ 




54 



HO USE & GARDEN 




Stop Freezing in Your Garage 



A Stewart Uarage Heater will prevent "freezing your car" save repair bills and 
make your garage a comfortable place to work in. It will give you warm water 
all the year round for washing your car. 

If you are handy at all, you can install It yourself. There is a Stewart for 
every type and size of private garage $21 up. A request will bring our 
Garage Heater Catalog. Before cold weather sets in 

Put in the Garage Heater 

Made by Fuller & Warren Co.. 130 Madison St., Troy, N. Y., Since 1832. 
New York Office: 254 Water Street. 



STEWART 

w*J K J:fJ7T^H^72IIT3H JL. 



Does Your Kitchen 
Need a New Range? 

If it